Words that end with y -plural with ies
Final Fantasy
2008.03.10 13:44 Final Fantasy
A Place to Call Home - And discuss all things Final Fantasy, from the games, to the movies, to fanart and cosplay and beyond.
2016.07.19 23:07 CunningLogic the *real* jelbrek soob
/jelbrek is hottest latest fastest new subreddit for iOS jelbreks. Staffed by established and well known exploit authors, you can expect nothin but best from us. No fakrs allowed.
2024.05.31 19:08 roboheartmn LF Advice on Gaming/Productivity Build - and Picking a GPU!
I'd appreciate having some help on this build - in particular, with picking a GPU. Current build is at end of the post.
PCPartPicker Part List
submitted by roboheartmn to bapccanada [link] [comments]
1. What will you be doing with this PC? Be as specific as possible, and include specific games (ex: resolution, FPS, settings) or programs you will be using.
- This is 60% a work computer, with triple monitors (two 1080p, and one 1440p at 180hz). On a given day, I'm swapping between 5 open word documents, 10 open PDFs, 30+ open browser tabs, and Outlook desktop with 10 email drafts.
2. What is your maximum PRE-TAX budget before rebates and shipping?
- $1,800 CAD, though I benefit from having some items already
3. When do you plan on building/buying the PC? Note: beyond a week or two from today means any build you receive will be out of date when you want to buy.
- Buying remaining parts this weekend, if possible.
4. What, exactly, do you need included in the budget? (ex: toweOS/monitokeyboard/mouse/etc)
- CPU, MB, RAM, GPU, tower (optional), OS.
5. If reusing any parts (including monitor(s)/keyboard/mouse/etc), what parts will you be reusing? How old are they? Brands and models are appreciated.
- I've got a Corsair AX850 Gold Plus PSU, but I purchased new SAMA Blackhole Gold units with ATX3.0 in the recent price error sale - I have an 850W and 1200W on standby if these would benefit the new GPU. If not, they'll get sold at deep discount to pass on the savings!
6. Will you be overclocking (ex: CPU/GPU/RAM)? If yes, are you interested in overclocking right away, or down the line?
- Yes, but I'd prefer to have a future upgrade path option - e.g. if AM5 is planned for a couple generations, I'd rather rely on that than overclock.
7. Are there any specific features or items you want/need in the build? (ex: SSD, Wi-Fi/Bluetooth, VR, VirtualLink, tensor cores, large amount of storage or a RAID setup, CUDA or OpenCL support, etc)
- I'm planning to use an unRaid setup. Also, I'd like to complete this build in white if possible! Lastly, this is being built for gaming in 1440p and 170+hz, for the first time in my life, with a goal of 100+ FPS in current games.
8. Do you have any specific case preferences (ex: mITX/mATX/mid-towefull-tower sizes, styles, colours, window or not, LED lighting, etc.), or a particular color theme preference for the components?
- Strong preference for a white case, though I don't know if it will fit in the budget. I can re-use my existing Fractal Design R3 case for now if necessary. [Edit: I'd previously suggested "as small as possible" here - I'm actually going for performance over size for this build.]
9. Do you need a copy of Windows included in the budget? Note: some post-secondary students can get Windows 10 for free.
- Yes. My current build has Windows 11, but I don't anticipate I can reuse this with a new CPU.
10. Will you be upgrading this PC in the future (ie: will you swap out better parts later on or will you build an entirely new tower later)? If so, when?
- Yes! Future CPU/GPU upgrades in 3 and 6 years time would be great.
11. Do you have a brand preference? (ex: AMD/Intel for CPUs, AMD/NVIDIA for video cards, etc)
- I have a line on a cheap 7800X3D ($267), and have previously only used NVIDIA GPUs, so I'm planning AMD CPU and NVIDIA GPU.
12. What are the specs of your old PC / laptop? Do you want to see if it can be upgraded instead? If so, paste its build from PCPartPicker here.
- i7 8700K, Asus ROG Strix Z370-E, 32GB memory, GTX 1070 Ti, Corsair AX850 Gold PSU, Fractal Design R3 case.
13. Extra info or particulars:
- Any insights on what GPU I should be aiming for from the RTX 4070 through the supers up to a 4070 Ti Super would be appreciated!
PCPartPicker Part List
| Type | Item | Price |
|---|---|---|
| CPU | AMD Ryzen 7 7800X3D 4.2 GHz 8-Core Processor | Purchased For $267.00 |
| CPU Cooler | Noctua NH-D14 64.95 CFM CPU Cooler | Purchased For $0.00 |
| Motherboard | *Gigabyte B650 AORUS ELITE AX ICE ATX AM5 Motherboard | $309.99 @ Memory Express |
| Memory | *TEAMGROUP T-Force Delta RGB 32 GB (2 x 16 GB) DDR5-6000 CL30 Memory | $154.99 @ Newegg Canada |
| Storage | Samsung 970 Evo 1 TB M.2-2280 PCIe 3.0 X4 NVME Solid State Drive | Purchased For $0.00 |
| Video Card | *MSI VENTUS 2X OC GeForce RTX 4070 Ti 12 GB Video Card | $949.98 @ Memory Express |
| Case | Fractal Design Define R5 ATX Mid Tower Case | Purchased For $0.00 |
| Power Supply | Corsair AX850 850 W 80+ Gold Certified Fully Modular ATX Power Supply | Purchased For $0.00 |
| Monitor | Dell G2724D 27.0" 2560 x 1440 165 Hz Monitor | Purchased For $0.00 |
| Prices include shipping, taxes, rebates, and discounts | ||
| Total | $1681.96 | |
| *Lowest price parts chosen from parametric criteria | ||
| Generated by PCPartPicker 2024-05-31 14:49 EDT-0400 |
2024.05.30 10:13 Ligorius Voice-to-Skull (V2k) Electronic Harassment, Psychotronic Abuse, Targeted Energy Attacks
Hacking, Cyberstalking, Invasion of Privacy, Electronic Harassment, Identity Theft & Identity Fraud: Compromising of My Digital Identity, Vandalism/Mischief towards my Devices & Files, Targeted Energy Weapons and Attacks, V2k Inner Ear Implants, Psychotronic Abuse, & Brain-Computer Interface, Synthetic Telepathy, & Remote Neural Monitoring, Aggravated Assaults, 7 Months of Death Threats, and Multiple Attempts at Murder
No police help is forthcoming & the medical system has let me down by refusing to provide help and dismissing my complaint as unworthy of affirming and at times by outright denying the claims I have in my complaints (by holding a complaint to be false), only to be rejected the by the police.
My cyber-gangstalkers are going to kill me and have been carrying out dehumanizing assaults “targeted energy attacks” that could have killed me using V2k ear implants, that they have placed inside my ears, and they say they won’t stop until I am dead! My situation vis-a-vis the hackers has been escalating; the hackers have been intensifying their targeted energy attacks against my physical body remotely by the use of technology that they have implanted into my ears for the sole purpose of turning my life into a tournament of torture games that only such depraved evil immoral cybercriminal sadists could devise. My former neighbours have confessed to breaking into my home and placing microchip implants inside my ears with which to neurally monitor me and to establish voice to skull communication, whereby they been their voices are beamed via light waves directly to my head via electromagnetic radiation in the microwave spectrum, these ear implants that they have placed inside my ears can, and are used by the hackers to target any part of my body that they wish to target.
They have overheated and burnt my eyes: they have shot high-power beams of light and lasers into my eyes so that my vision impairs. They have burnt the insides of my ears in order to inflict me with excruciating pain, as well as to impair my hearing they’ve compressed, crushed, burnt my testicles, causing them to recede inwards into my body. They have burnt my testicles, causing sperm to cook inside my testicles, which is why I can no longer ejaculate sperm in that I have been forcibly castrated and contracepted against my will, and my most fervent wishes thereby that have made me infertile: no longer able to have offspring, thanks to their very frequent and periodically recurring assaults on my testicles via harmful forms of radiation microwaves, pulse light, and lasers.
On December 25, 2023 the hackers almost deafened me by attacking my the insides of my ears, bringing me to the verge of my eardrums rupturing. The hackers are malicious malevolent and extremely bigoted cyber bullies and terrorists who subject me to domestic terrorism. My former neighbours are hackers of my devices of over 2 years, who have been experimenting their bio-electromagnetic weaponry on a human subject, myself, against my will amounting to both physical and mental torture and constituting human rights violations for about three previous months the hackers have been frequently and almost un-intermittently targeting my ears and my throat. They had threatened to make me deaf and dumb before: that is, unable to hear and speak, and now they’re carrying out such attacks that can do so in order to materialize their threats. The hackers have violated the criminal code of Canada in at least 12 sections, including unauthorized use of a computer network, mischief in relation to my property: my devices, including data, my files, identity, theft, identity, fraud, aggravated, assault, altering death threats: threats of other bodily harm, and attempted to murder me on multiple occasions: at least 10 times, the hackers attack my throat, in order to choke me by pressing against my windpipe to torture me by suffocation to instil fear in me that I’ll die the next time they attack me. They attack my throat also to damage my vocal cords: by burning my vocal cords and cutting them with lasers, so I lose my ability to sing and to speak. I am already unable to sing, and if their attacks keep recurring as consistently as they have been in the recent 3 months, I fear that I’ll lose my voice completely and become unable to speak at all.
These verminous lowlifes are evil sadistic psychopaths: they are sociopaths in need of isolation from society and in need of having their internet cut off indefinitely (so they are no longer able to carry out attacks against me or other people remotely by the use of technology. Their hacking activities, cyberbullying, cyber-gangstalking, and assaults via bio-electromagnetic weapons: ie., their V2k (‘voice to skull’) ear implants that they have implanted inside my ears are too fun for them to stop on their own accord. They must be stopped: they can only be stopped by the police or by a judge.
The hackers are malicious, extremely bigoted disgustingly homophobic, hateful, malevolent maleficent/harmful cyber bully thugs (have ill will towards me: wish me harm), who in my estimation deserve to be jailed for no less than 10 years in prison/federal penitentiary for what they have done to me already. Their hacking activities, harassing conduct, and their aggravated assaults have been increasing in occurrence (have been becoming more frequent and accelerating at that! Throughout the past more than 2 years, my former neighbours' relentless cyber-gang stalking campaigns against me have been a destructive influence on my quality of life: their mischief in relation to my property (ie., vandalism) including towards my personal devices including my files started 1.5 years ago, their ‘targeted energy attacks’ started 7 months ago (to the best of my knowledge). They have attacked me with lasers, microwaves, and pulsed light and have already caused me permanent, irreversible, and irreparable harm. They have been threatening to kill me and have made multiple attempts at murdering me already (at least 10). The hackers have been threatening to murder me and have attempted to do so already over 10 times by now.
John Doe 1 = Sarkis ‘yan’ John Doe 2 = Armen ‘yan’ John Doe 3 = _____ Ghukasyan Jane Doe 1 = Armine ‘_yan’ Jane Doe 2 = Hasmik ‘ _yan’
Disclaimer: I do not know – with absolute certainty or beyond a reasonable doubt, for that matter – any of these names to be those of the hackers. I seek for the judge of this court to conduct an investigation, by ….
am absolutely convinced that the only way to get my cyberstalkers’ attacks against me to stop is to arrest them, jail them, cut their internet connection: i.e., disallowing them from using the internet indefinitely. As long as I have got their bio-electromagnetic neuro-weapons: i.e., their radioactive microchips, implanted in my body, I am at risk of being subject to their physical abuse and torture while they have access via the internet to the microwave satellites directed at me that they make use of in order to target me with the energy of harmful forms of electromagnetic radiation (i.e., light waves: ex., microwaves, lasers, etc.): “directed/targeted energy attacks”.
There has been an incident of violence already involving my former neighbours: occupants of #2-304, another neighbour of mine from #2-106, and myself (#2-204), with the following police event #23-220826. I went upstairs to confront my cyberstalkers, who I justifiably (for good reasons and evidence) believed to be occupying unit #2-304. The hackers’ voices could be heard from the inside of apartment #2-304 (behind the door). I banged on the door demanding that they open it. Another neighbour of ours exited the apartment and proceeded to attack me and hit me twice in the head. I did not fight back, instead went to my apartment and called the police. Police officers were dispatched who visited us all, therefore there must be police records of the names of the people involved under the EPS event #23-220826. I was instructed by police officers to use this police event number in order to lawfully retrieve through a judge’s order the names of the people in unit #2-304.
he entire time they have been targeting me with microwave light energy. Their radiating my eyes has caused me blurriness, which I have ever since recovered from, but could have remained permanent, had events unfolded differently.
The hackers have been torturing me with bio-electromagnetic weapons: the microchip implants that the hackers have implanted (injected it and/or sprayed) into my inner ear. Their conduct towards me, that is their treatment of me is dehumanizing to the extreme and debasing, denaturing, and degrading. They have electromagnetically and thermally lobotomized me on several occasions, severed my mesolimbic, Even the most bloodthirsty Nazi negative—eugenicists don’t hold a candle to my cyber-stalkers’ gang of bloodthirsty, disgustingly bigoted homophobic cyber-bullying/cyber-stalking thugs, who are psychopaths because these sociopathic agents of harm are sadistic, merciless, and ruthless evil spirits hell-bent on destroying me, everything I have owned, have caused me permanent disfigurement and disability, have incapacitating my body, robbing me of my mental faculties, my emotions, diminishing my psycho-sexual abilities with the aim of extinguishing sexual pleasure from my body, which is permanent, irreversible, and irreparable harm. They have overwhelmingly impaired my hearing, by their use of V2k technology on me and radiating me with pulsed microwave light that imparts energy in the form of heat and mechanical work such as compressing against one’s windpipe, choking a throat, crushing of genitals: penis and testicles.
The hackers have made attempts to rob me of my body’s ability to climax to orgasm. The hackers keep threatening to cause me physical, long lasting, chronic, and/or lifelong harm: disability, illness/disease, disfigurement, then they carry out their threats consistently. They are going to rob me of my ability to feel sexual pleasure: libido, arousal, and orgasm. They are doing their best not to leave any ability to experience sexual pleasure, as they have admitted to me. They have attacked my testicles with such forms of light that overheat, that burn, cool, freeze, expand, contract body tissue, which has caused me permanent and irreversible and irreparable damage to my testicles to the point that they no longer are able to produce testosterone or sperm, which means that I have been made infertile (unable to have offspring) and robbed of my masculinity, manliness, and manhood in general at the age of 35 years, with the other half of my expected lifespan still in front of me, my sex life is ruined. The hackers attack my genitals with the purpose of making me no longer able to masturbate, get an erection, have an orgasm, so that I do not watch (gay) porn ever in my life again and so that I lose my libido (sex-drive), cannot get sexually aroused, and have an orgasm due to lowered testosterone production by my testes (if any at all). The hackers have attacked my brain’s dopaminergic neurotransmitter system; causing a significant flattening of affect, disorder of diminished motivation, causing me to lose my emotionality and blunting of my feelings, etc.
They have violated over 12 sections of the Canadian Criminal Code by committing hacking, mischief in relation to my property: devices including files, identity theft and fraud, psychotronic abuse, electronic harassment, sexual harassment, aggravated assaults, death threats and multiple (at least 10) attempts to murder me, and more… Since December of 2023 till April 2024: 5 months, they have been attacking my throat, vocal cords, and telling me they are going to make me lose my voice, make me unable to sing and even speak. April 25th, 2024: The hackers castrated me, by attacking my genitals: testicles and penis with various kinds of harmful light including pulsed microwave light, causing my penis to redden. The hackers had stripped my penis with the tissues that initiate arousal during masturbation and conduct orgasms. Right after telling me that they are going to rob me of my body’s natural capacity to feel sexual pleasure, they induced severe muscle cramps in my central middle abdomen and lower abdomen, with their expressed intent of depriving me of the ability to climax to orgasm and ejaculate sperm. Fortunately for me they failed this time, I am still able to orgasm however with somewhat less intensity. However, if they keep this up, and repeat their attempt to disable my body’s orgasm function, I will probably gradually lose my ability to derive sexual pleasure until it is diminished away completely; one day I might not be able to orgasm at all, and it’ll most likely stay like that permanently, for the rest of my life, even with the best available medical interventions at our disposal. April 26th, 2024: The hackers had decided to kill me and threatened me in order to make me fear for my life. When I was still their neighbour, the hackers talked in their apartment audibly to me about what could be seen on my screen thereby confirming for me that they could monitor it. I have moved elsewhere now, but my devices are still hacked by them, so their voices can be heard through my devices, and they can hear me. They constantly viciously harass me; they have stolen my passwords (theft) and compromised my accounts (fraud); they listen in to all my phone calls and intercept my private communications (messages and e-mails), they broadcast what I do privately on my computer to other people, they surveil me around the clock and record me inside my apartment, they keep getting away with corrupting and deleting my files. The hackers have access to my files, passwords, and accounts; they can control my devices; they have threatened to delete and have deleted my files; they have engaged in identity theft by stealing my passwords and identity fraud by compromising my accounts (i.e., they have access to my online accounts). They have compromised my digital identity and anonymity online. They cause me mental breakdowns on a regular basis.
The hackers talked in their apartment (right upstairs, on the 3rd floor) audibly to me, almost exclusively in Armenian, about what could be seen on my screen, thereby confirming (at least for me, conclusively) that it is they who had been hacking my computer and/or network and had been harassing me and continue to do so until now. The hackers are my (now) former neighbours (at Clareview Courts). Those neighbours of mine at Clareview Courts in my nearest vicinity who are also Armenians must be the hackers. If it turns out to be the case that the hackers are the only Armenians living in that building, then we will have demonstrated to a confidence level of at least clear and convincing evidence that my neighbours on the 3rd floor, the Armenian neighbours of mine are the hackers. I have recorded them harassing me and talking to each other about what they could see on my screen, and they kept track of all my activities on my devices.
They have utter hatred and contempt for homosexuals, gay sex, and gay porn. The hackers disapprove of my taste in pornography and my porn watching habits (Iing how frequently I watch it) and have on multiple occasions told me that they have been harming me Ie of my porn watching habits. They see how comfortable I am in my skin and at ease I am with my sexuality and have been trying to get me to be ashamed of things that I naturally get me horny. Their aims are that I feel humiliated and embarrassed of my porn collections. They find that I watch pornography more frequently than they would have me watch it; they denigrate my sexuality: they expend great effort to humiliate me and try to make me feel ashamed of my sexuality, and embarrassed that I watch guys having oral sex, and they become ever angrier at me for my refusing to feel ashamed of this, and even watching it more frequently not less, as my sign of disrespect towards them, for not carrying out their wishes. I have caught them on tape admitting that they were able to monitor my screen as they were describing what websites I visit and what porn I watched on my computer (legally permissible gay porn, including depicting young men at least at the age of 18. The hackers are extremely hateful homophobic people – all of them: 2 women, and 3 men, they have extremely outdated, ignorant, and backward views on homosexuality, they hold homosexual sex to be immoral.
submitted by Ligorius to Gangstalking [link] [comments]
No police help is forthcoming & the medical system has let me down by refusing to provide help and dismissing my complaint as unworthy of affirming and at times by outright denying the claims I have in my complaints (by holding a complaint to be false), only to be rejected the by the police.
My cyber-gangstalkers are going to kill me and have been carrying out dehumanizing assaults “targeted energy attacks” that could have killed me using V2k ear implants, that they have placed inside my ears, and they say they won’t stop until I am dead! My situation vis-a-vis the hackers has been escalating; the hackers have been intensifying their targeted energy attacks against my physical body remotely by the use of technology that they have implanted into my ears for the sole purpose of turning my life into a tournament of torture games that only such depraved evil immoral cybercriminal sadists could devise. My former neighbours have confessed to breaking into my home and placing microchip implants inside my ears with which to neurally monitor me and to establish voice to skull communication, whereby they been their voices are beamed via light waves directly to my head via electromagnetic radiation in the microwave spectrum, these ear implants that they have placed inside my ears can, and are used by the hackers to target any part of my body that they wish to target.
They have overheated and burnt my eyes: they have shot high-power beams of light and lasers into my eyes so that my vision impairs. They have burnt the insides of my ears in order to inflict me with excruciating pain, as well as to impair my hearing they’ve compressed, crushed, burnt my testicles, causing them to recede inwards into my body. They have burnt my testicles, causing sperm to cook inside my testicles, which is why I can no longer ejaculate sperm in that I have been forcibly castrated and contracepted against my will, and my most fervent wishes thereby that have made me infertile: no longer able to have offspring, thanks to their very frequent and periodically recurring assaults on my testicles via harmful forms of radiation microwaves, pulse light, and lasers.
On December 25, 2023 the hackers almost deafened me by attacking my the insides of my ears, bringing me to the verge of my eardrums rupturing. The hackers are malicious malevolent and extremely bigoted cyber bullies and terrorists who subject me to domestic terrorism. My former neighbours are hackers of my devices of over 2 years, who have been experimenting their bio-electromagnetic weaponry on a human subject, myself, against my will amounting to both physical and mental torture and constituting human rights violations for about three previous months the hackers have been frequently and almost un-intermittently targeting my ears and my throat. They had threatened to make me deaf and dumb before: that is, unable to hear and speak, and now they’re carrying out such attacks that can do so in order to materialize their threats. The hackers have violated the criminal code of Canada in at least 12 sections, including unauthorized use of a computer network, mischief in relation to my property: my devices, including data, my files, identity, theft, identity, fraud, aggravated, assault, altering death threats: threats of other bodily harm, and attempted to murder me on multiple occasions: at least 10 times, the hackers attack my throat, in order to choke me by pressing against my windpipe to torture me by suffocation to instil fear in me that I’ll die the next time they attack me. They attack my throat also to damage my vocal cords: by burning my vocal cords and cutting them with lasers, so I lose my ability to sing and to speak. I am already unable to sing, and if their attacks keep recurring as consistently as they have been in the recent 3 months, I fear that I’ll lose my voice completely and become unable to speak at all.
These verminous lowlifes are evil sadistic psychopaths: they are sociopaths in need of isolation from society and in need of having their internet cut off indefinitely (so they are no longer able to carry out attacks against me or other people remotely by the use of technology. Their hacking activities, cyberbullying, cyber-gangstalking, and assaults via bio-electromagnetic weapons: ie., their V2k (‘voice to skull’) ear implants that they have implanted inside my ears are too fun for them to stop on their own accord. They must be stopped: they can only be stopped by the police or by a judge.
The hackers are malicious, extremely bigoted disgustingly homophobic, hateful, malevolent maleficent/harmful cyber bully thugs (have ill will towards me: wish me harm), who in my estimation deserve to be jailed for no less than 10 years in prison/federal penitentiary for what they have done to me already. Their hacking activities, harassing conduct, and their aggravated assaults have been increasing in occurrence (have been becoming more frequent and accelerating at that! Throughout the past more than 2 years, my former neighbours' relentless cyber-gang stalking campaigns against me have been a destructive influence on my quality of life: their mischief in relation to my property (ie., vandalism) including towards my personal devices including my files started 1.5 years ago, their ‘targeted energy attacks’ started 7 months ago (to the best of my knowledge). They have attacked me with lasers, microwaves, and pulsed light and have already caused me permanent, irreversible, and irreparable harm. They have been threatening to kill me and have made multiple attempts at murdering me already (at least 10). The hackers have been threatening to murder me and have attempted to do so already over 10 times by now.
John Doe 1 = Sarkis ‘yan’ John Doe 2 = Armen ‘yan’ John Doe 3 = _____ Ghukasyan Jane Doe 1 = Armine ‘_yan’ Jane Doe 2 = Hasmik ‘ _yan’
Disclaimer: I do not know – with absolute certainty or beyond a reasonable doubt, for that matter – any of these names to be those of the hackers. I seek for the judge of this court to conduct an investigation, by ….
- Demanding a complete list of all the occupants of that building when I lived there and when I had knowledge of them hacking me: Jan 2022 --- March 2023.
- Look for Armenian last names: typically ending in “yan” or “ian”, (“uni” and “unts” much less common)
- Bring them to court as suspects to be interrogated by either the judge and/or myself.
- Verify that their voices match the voices of the Armenians whom I have caught on audio tape commenting on my activities on my electronic network devices, which I had taken from my apartment: proving at least for me conclusively that those neighbours of mine in my nearest vicinity who are Armenians must be the hackers. There is nothing racist, ethno-centrist, chauvinist/bigoted, prejudiced/discriminating, or unethical about what I am asking to be done. I am Armenian, the hackers are Armenians too. We live in Edmonton, where from a population of over a 1 million, there are only 620 Armenians living in Edmonton. So I deem it more likely than not to be the case that only 1 or 2 apartments in our building are inhabited by Armenians. Those neighbours of mine who are Armenians are suspects. If it turns out only one apartment is inhabited by Armenians, then we would have found our primary suspects. If there happen to be more than one apartment having been inhabited by Armenians, then the ones closer to me are the suspects. y (personal) files of over 14 years: my documents (word, pdf, and excel), my music, my photos, my videos, etc.
am absolutely convinced that the only way to get my cyberstalkers’ attacks against me to stop is to arrest them, jail them, cut their internet connection: i.e., disallowing them from using the internet indefinitely. As long as I have got their bio-electromagnetic neuro-weapons: i.e., their radioactive microchips, implanted in my body, I am at risk of being subject to their physical abuse and torture while they have access via the internet to the microwave satellites directed at me that they make use of in order to target me with the energy of harmful forms of electromagnetic radiation (i.e., light waves: ex., microwaves, lasers, etc.): “directed/targeted energy attacks”.
- Criminal Code of Canada (RSC 1985, c C-46): o Under Section 430 (1.1) of the Criminal Code, it is an offense to commit mischief in connection with computer data. The penalties vary based on the severity of the offense: ▪ If the mischief causes actual danger to life, it is considered an indictable offense punishable by imprisonment for life. ▪ If the value of the subject matter of the offense exceeds $5,000, the maximum penalty is 10 years’ imprisonment. ▪ If the value of the subject matter of the offense is under $5,000, the maximum penalty is 2 years’ imprisonment1
- Cyberterrorism: o If the crime is considered a national security offense, an individual could be charged under Section 83.2 of the Criminal Code for cyberterrorism. The maximum penalty for this offense is life imprisonment. In summary, endangering a person’s life through hacking can lead to severe legal consequences in Canada, including the possibility of life imprisonment. The law aims to address cybercriminal threats and protect individuals from malicious activities in the Suspects’ Names and Address of Residence:
There has been an incident of violence already involving my former neighbours: occupants of #2-304, another neighbour of mine from #2-106, and myself (#2-204), with the following police event #23-220826. I went upstairs to confront my cyberstalkers, who I justifiably (for good reasons and evidence) believed to be occupying unit #2-304. The hackers’ voices could be heard from the inside of apartment #2-304 (behind the door). I banged on the door demanding that they open it. Another neighbour of ours exited the apartment and proceeded to attack me and hit me twice in the head. I did not fight back, instead went to my apartment and called the police. Police officers were dispatched who visited us all, therefore there must be police records of the names of the people involved under the EPS event #23-220826. I was instructed by police officers to use this police event number in order to lawfully retrieve through a judge’s order the names of the people in unit #2-304.
he entire time they have been targeting me with microwave light energy. Their radiating my eyes has caused me blurriness, which I have ever since recovered from, but could have remained permanent, had events unfolded differently.
The hackers have been torturing me with bio-electromagnetic weapons: the microchip implants that the hackers have implanted (injected it and/or sprayed) into my inner ear. Their conduct towards me, that is their treatment of me is dehumanizing to the extreme and debasing, denaturing, and degrading. They have electromagnetically and thermally lobotomized me on several occasions, severed my mesolimbic, Even the most bloodthirsty Nazi negative—eugenicists don’t hold a candle to my cyber-stalkers’ gang of bloodthirsty, disgustingly bigoted homophobic cyber-bullying/cyber-stalking thugs, who are psychopaths because these sociopathic agents of harm are sadistic, merciless, and ruthless evil spirits hell-bent on destroying me, everything I have owned, have caused me permanent disfigurement and disability, have incapacitating my body, robbing me of my mental faculties, my emotions, diminishing my psycho-sexual abilities with the aim of extinguishing sexual pleasure from my body, which is permanent, irreversible, and irreparable harm. They have overwhelmingly impaired my hearing, by their use of V2k technology on me and radiating me with pulsed microwave light that imparts energy in the form of heat and mechanical work such as compressing against one’s windpipe, choking a throat, crushing of genitals: penis and testicles.
The hackers have made attempts to rob me of my body’s ability to climax to orgasm. The hackers keep threatening to cause me physical, long lasting, chronic, and/or lifelong harm: disability, illness/disease, disfigurement, then they carry out their threats consistently. They are going to rob me of my ability to feel sexual pleasure: libido, arousal, and orgasm. They are doing their best not to leave any ability to experience sexual pleasure, as they have admitted to me. They have attacked my testicles with such forms of light that overheat, that burn, cool, freeze, expand, contract body tissue, which has caused me permanent and irreversible and irreparable damage to my testicles to the point that they no longer are able to produce testosterone or sperm, which means that I have been made infertile (unable to have offspring) and robbed of my masculinity, manliness, and manhood in general at the age of 35 years, with the other half of my expected lifespan still in front of me, my sex life is ruined. The hackers attack my genitals with the purpose of making me no longer able to masturbate, get an erection, have an orgasm, so that I do not watch (gay) porn ever in my life again and so that I lose my libido (sex-drive), cannot get sexually aroused, and have an orgasm due to lowered testosterone production by my testes (if any at all). The hackers have attacked my brain’s dopaminergic neurotransmitter system; causing a significant flattening of affect, disorder of diminished motivation, causing me to lose my emotionality and blunting of my feelings, etc.
They have violated over 12 sections of the Canadian Criminal Code by committing hacking, mischief in relation to my property: devices including files, identity theft and fraud, psychotronic abuse, electronic harassment, sexual harassment, aggravated assaults, death threats and multiple (at least 10) attempts to murder me, and more… Since December of 2023 till April 2024: 5 months, they have been attacking my throat, vocal cords, and telling me they are going to make me lose my voice, make me unable to sing and even speak. April 25th, 2024: The hackers castrated me, by attacking my genitals: testicles and penis with various kinds of harmful light including pulsed microwave light, causing my penis to redden. The hackers had stripped my penis with the tissues that initiate arousal during masturbation and conduct orgasms. Right after telling me that they are going to rob me of my body’s natural capacity to feel sexual pleasure, they induced severe muscle cramps in my central middle abdomen and lower abdomen, with their expressed intent of depriving me of the ability to climax to orgasm and ejaculate sperm. Fortunately for me they failed this time, I am still able to orgasm however with somewhat less intensity. However, if they keep this up, and repeat their attempt to disable my body’s orgasm function, I will probably gradually lose my ability to derive sexual pleasure until it is diminished away completely; one day I might not be able to orgasm at all, and it’ll most likely stay like that permanently, for the rest of my life, even with the best available medical interventions at our disposal. April 26th, 2024: The hackers had decided to kill me and threatened me in order to make me fear for my life. When I was still their neighbour, the hackers talked in their apartment audibly to me about what could be seen on my screen thereby confirming for me that they could monitor it. I have moved elsewhere now, but my devices are still hacked by them, so their voices can be heard through my devices, and they can hear me. They constantly viciously harass me; they have stolen my passwords (theft) and compromised my accounts (fraud); they listen in to all my phone calls and intercept my private communications (messages and e-mails), they broadcast what I do privately on my computer to other people, they surveil me around the clock and record me inside my apartment, they keep getting away with corrupting and deleting my files. The hackers have access to my files, passwords, and accounts; they can control my devices; they have threatened to delete and have deleted my files; they have engaged in identity theft by stealing my passwords and identity fraud by compromising my accounts (i.e., they have access to my online accounts). They have compromised my digital identity and anonymity online. They cause me mental breakdowns on a regular basis.
The hackers talked in their apartment (right upstairs, on the 3rd floor) audibly to me, almost exclusively in Armenian, about what could be seen on my screen, thereby confirming (at least for me, conclusively) that it is they who had been hacking my computer and/or network and had been harassing me and continue to do so until now. The hackers are my (now) former neighbours (at Clareview Courts). Those neighbours of mine at Clareview Courts in my nearest vicinity who are also Armenians must be the hackers. If it turns out to be the case that the hackers are the only Armenians living in that building, then we will have demonstrated to a confidence level of at least clear and convincing evidence that my neighbours on the 3rd floor, the Armenian neighbours of mine are the hackers. I have recorded them harassing me and talking to each other about what they could see on my screen, and they kept track of all my activities on my devices.
They have utter hatred and contempt for homosexuals, gay sex, and gay porn. The hackers disapprove of my taste in pornography and my porn watching habits (Iing how frequently I watch it) and have on multiple occasions told me that they have been harming me Ie of my porn watching habits. They see how comfortable I am in my skin and at ease I am with my sexuality and have been trying to get me to be ashamed of things that I naturally get me horny. Their aims are that I feel humiliated and embarrassed of my porn collections. They find that I watch pornography more frequently than they would have me watch it; they denigrate my sexuality: they expend great effort to humiliate me and try to make me feel ashamed of my sexuality, and embarrassed that I watch guys having oral sex, and they become ever angrier at me for my refusing to feel ashamed of this, and even watching it more frequently not less, as my sign of disrespect towards them, for not carrying out their wishes. I have caught them on tape admitting that they were able to monitor my screen as they were describing what websites I visit and what porn I watched on my computer (legally permissible gay porn, including depicting young men at least at the age of 18. The hackers are extremely hateful homophobic people – all of them: 2 women, and 3 men, they have extremely outdated, ignorant, and backward views on homosexuality, they hold homosexual sex to be immoral.
2024.05.30 05:52 TokyoDisney_stuffs Some humble thoughts and advice for live action princess films from a nobody pt2
 | Edit, added some more sentences for the '' choking'' paragraph in case ppl don't understand what i mean xd submitted by TokyoDisney_stuffs to moviecritic [link] [comments] ~~~~~~~ I hope that this amateur fan opinion counts as a movie critic😅 But anyway i'm sorry to disturb beforehand if it does not. ~~~~~~~ Since i realized i have more thoughts than i imagined on the 2023 Little mermaid, plz read this part 1 first for at least the introductions and the warnings. Like i said there, I stupidly hope that this somehow reaches to someone in the industry so i post this here at a different subreddit. In this pt 2 article, i will be focusing mainly on the little mermaid and put the remaining topics in pt 3. Most important of all, terribly sorry for the next amateur and subjective words and think again if you're the live action fan. Let's begin. I would like to discuss the film in 4 aspects accordingly, Halle's race Song performance+ acting Offscreen behavior + styles in movie The other songs 🙉Halle's race🙉 So when the decision and some leaked on-set photos came out, i was in doubt too. ''The Queen's Gambit'' was a hit then and i was upset that they chose Halle when there's the obvious right person(Anya Taylor-Joy) to play Ariel. https://preview.redd.it/r6f7hyzrih3d1.jpg?width=2132&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=e80a510eac332ece56b2dccfafe14237e44cc798 But after been ''deceived'' by this teaser, i changed my mind and was excited about her! The orchestra and her unstrained voice tells me that THIS is the musical i've never got with 2017 belle and 2019 Aladdin. I was beyond happy to finally see a princess who can do the orchestra justice!! Having scarred by 2017 belle, this meant a lot to me so i decided to look past her dark skin since the soul of the character, a beautiful voice, is there. Yes i understand ppl are upset by her race but here's my point of view, 1.Mermaids are fictional creatures so i think it's ok to change their looks 2.The animation did give us a red-haired Caucasian girl and i totally understand why fans are upset. But the animation did also change the Andersen version tragedy into a happily-ever-after story and added a Jamaican crab. Most importantly, i'd much rather see someone who can sing ariel well than to see a look-alike ruining the classic songs like the 2017 belle to be honest with you guys. Yeah so i still stand on these thoughts to this day and not her skin color but her looks in the movie is what pisses me off. (Will discuss later in her behavior part) 🙉Song performance+ acting🙉 To sum up, less is more for her songs and horrible yet understandable acting of a singer thanks to poor directing. Part of your world. the teaser i mentioned earlier has only the last 3 sentences of part of your world so i thought that the exaggerative ''be~~'' would be toned down and washed out by the rest of the song. i'm not gonna bore you with how i changed my mind again and again several times after the whole song release but yeah, Halle didn't do so well in my final opinion. back in 1989, Jodi was asked by Howard ashman to sing the whole song in a breathy voicewhich can't have been an easy task just by imagining it. The studio also had the lights dimmed to give her the feeling of an underwater cave and she pulled it off! the song was so effortless and easy to the ears that i only learned to appreciate after chatting (analyzing) with my mom and surfing the net before the 2023 film premiered. https://preview.redd.it/bke7y9wtih3d1.jpg?width=640&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=5e443f7733a014ae834ab309ad64e11656e641de Meanwhile, we have Halle, showing off as many techniques as possible. well yeah there's nothing wrong with this and it may be a WOW at first but it's just not a classic. Every sentence in the 1989 ver ended nice and clean, indicating Jodi is capable to continue but she ended as a concept of '' less is more'' But not in Halle's case. The increased length of the song plus all these singing techniques to pull off all require her breathe to be longer. Unfortunately, she doesn't have what it takes to nail this ver so she ends sentences out of breath (the lyric, waters) and sometimes strain her voice during a long high note. Regarding these flaws, they covered them up cleverly by adding anger and frustration into this song. So we hear a desperate but crazy full of technique singing voice, which is the opposite way to sing songs in a legit musical. You see, they are meant to be natural and sincere cause they are used to convey a character's overloading emotions when spoken words aren't enough to express. Sure we feel how much Halle's ariel wants to go on shore. And I'm totally fine with the mood switch of getting up shore from 1989's "wants to" to the 2023's "needs to'' but the techniques aren't properly dealt with and appears to be unnecessary as a result. Plus, visually, how she throws away thingamabob which is supposed to be precious to ariel, how she pats on a book weirdly and the zombie angle are all questionable to me. https://preview.redd.it/e0no52ivih3d1.jpg?width=2159&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=239c13262c0bcdea5123974bd6130558542cfefb Which all lead this unnatural clip to be more of a music video instead of an inserted song of a film. See how halle seems to be soaked in and enjoying her twisting twirling '' be~~'' ?? This is a very strong example of how she's starring in a mv instead of letting out ariel's emotions in a movie. https://preview.redd.it/zn7e9huwih3d1.jpg?width=1851&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=000893f589bcf3377748a8b35833ee357372cd73 Take cinderella 2015 as an example. Lily did a nice job in the theme song but it's more like a song for advertisement. This song has to be Ella humming to herself, giving herself a pat talk for another day's mean comments and chores to be inserted in the movie. (TMI i have some murmurs about this song too but will talk about it in pt3 and has nothing to do with lily's singing) Another classic example i thought of will be singing in the rain. The Gene kelly ver, in which he's happily splashing around in the rain, and the on-stage ver which sounds commercial. Now for the perfect 2023 jp ver. This musical actress managed to end sentences cleaner than halle in spite of the similar singing method. And also, her techniques are smoother and her singing voice sounds much sweeter. Like the "i want more~~" part, halle just suddenly burst up to the high note while the jp ver kinda transited her way up there. I did not know halle was doing it wrong until this jp perfection ver was released As for the mood, jp ver is softer and more mild maybe bc of the Japanese buff, the actress's natural voice or how the techniques are handled more smoothly. Idk the exact reason cause I'm not a profession. Whatever causes the differences, jp ver is the perfect balance between ''princess ariel'' and ''needing to be on shore" without being too aggressive like Halle. Some past examples of such intense feelings and mood changes are below, Agony is a great combination of natural outlet of strong desire in a musical with orchestra music. Once upon a dream underwent an amazing transformation in the mood with originaland maleficent 1. So yeah the solution is to have halle sing in a natural way without so much ''brouhaha'' to make her out of breathe. As for the reprises, Aside from the very poor directing of crouching down and crawling sideways, I don't like how they changed the final note in reprise 1. Not at all artistic and beautiful. (another moment of halle closing her eyes and singing sincerely like in a mv) https://preview.redd.it/v9s0k3amjh3d1.jpg?width=1448&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=f214252296bd2ab6d4e7eef09555de519a6c8588 Yes the last "world" is mind blowing but is it good to listen to? That's an impossible note to sing and both halle and jp verwere struggling through and straining, very difficult to the eardrums. A sierra boggess ver on broadway is shorter but much more better. Disney, plz keep in mind that you are not here to wow ppl for only 10 seconds. You are here to make more classics. Make the songs durable to listen to, like reprise 2!! (jp ver here) No crazy high notes, no showing off, just beautifully sung pure sadness and heartbreak. ~Starting from here are 2 scenes i have problems with~ ~plz note that there's a paragraph mentioning bodily functions/fluids so be prepared~ In kiss the girl, how ariel is playing with eric's lips is cringe for me too https://preview.redd.it/gdjbaknnjh3d1.jpg?width=2477&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=f69cd71982ca4cdc519b54b1557a2f7563b70fcc i know fans like how she tries to signal eric her name but an intact person wouldn't go on and play with a non-relative ''stranger's'' lip. it's just a strange behavior even for ariel if i may. in the 1989 ver, yes we see a red hair girl combing her hair with a dinglehopper and acting like a child on a tour throughout the kingdom. but the dumb acts all make sense and are actually adorable cause she's ariel, a princess showing great interest in the human world. https://preview.redd.it/bocb43fpjh3d1.jpg?width=2804&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=6849c13335f4396baaaba8a521692116c1a93cfb however, i'm not on board with how 2023 ariel teaches eric to pronounce her name. it just somehow seems confusing and makes me feel uncomfortable. Sorry i'm not able to point out the reason clearly but here's an alternative solution i came up with myself, during the interlude of the song, eric asks her name and ariel points at Aries star then gestures an eel. (i know this clip is her gesturing usurla swimming but it's quite similar to an eel) or she can even point at Flotsam and Jetsam waiting for orders to ambush nearby if the writers want to make things interesting after several attempts, eric finally figured out her name and kisses her hand. ariel, a little surprised, stares at eric with wide eyes cause she's never knew about this kind of curtsy before. then the song continues. finally, eric leans in to kiss ariel but the eels, now realizing ariel was pointing at them just now, quickly flipped the boat and escaped. or the eels simply took action to stop the kiss like in the 1989 ver. there, my solution includes the stars, keeps the setting of how ariel cannot write and how 2023 eric is the one who initiates all the kisses. yeah i know the hand kissing may seem a bit too flirty? but i mean the whole song is about s*xual tension. if you wanna tone it down, a smile towards each other will do. https://preview.redd.it/x678fertjh3d1.jpg?width=2974&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=57cc34ec0ac67c843b5e371c72a6509f5cd5e130 Lastly, the scene in which ariel gets her voice back from vanessa. While you may guess how ariel tackles vanessa may seem a problem to me, I'm actually ok with it. Judging from this scene, i'd say that 2023 ariel is more independent than 1989 ver ? which is ok with me. Plus, the fight was not too brutal for a princess and the ugly faces + the ''get offf!'' scream are all vanessa, the sea witch xd https://preview.redd.it/fz353a7vjh3d1.jpg?width=2754&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=98986427c029234282998107d090999d6d325a9e What bugs me the most is that gag reflex when the voice returns to ariel's vocal cord. why, oh why must i see and hear a suffocating person in a disney princess movie? it's just like 2017 belle's ''UGH'' in ''belle reprise'' , both very odd and don't fit in a 1990s princess movie. Artistic beauty should not be totally discarded in a disney princess movie. So all reflexes shouldn't exist in a princess film to satisfy me? Well it depends. if you wanna throw up as belle or ariel, don't. if you wanna fart as jasmine or cinderella, hold your gas and do it offscreen. But if you are a modern-like princess like Anna, mulan or merida, these reflexes which may appear to be disgusting are acceptable in a certain degree. Like they are allowed to make vomit sounds but don't you dare show me a princess's yellow-greenish vomit. https://preview.redd.it/pochnxexjh3d1.jpg?width=2062&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=540341f3b89f933eddb9b80464e0694f08c44fcc Why do you think elsa's ice palace has no toilet? bc a queen only urinates and poops offscreen. and the cute little achoo snowmen replacing running nose and spit saliva? very creative and impressive:) Eliminate possible body functions onscreen that may go against the character's setting. The queen/the 5th spirit, would never be drawn to act like the soldiers in Mulan's camp. https://preview.redd.it/r9jhqhz4ri3d1.png?width=3089&format=png&auto=webp&s=43310dfa80b0ff3f28e6b377b70c986ee43375dc Same goes to this 2023 ariel. Yes you're less passive and more modern like than 1989 ver but you are still ariel. The change in your personality should not be used as an excuse to loss total grace and control. A tiny burp on soda water is acceptable in my head when followed by a cute giggle but the hand gesture 🔽 and the gag reflex are not. I mean suffocation sound is totally unnecessary in this scene. Mute it down cause it's not pleasant for me to see and hear someone who's supposed to be a lady choking onscreen in a make-believe Disney movie. https://preview.redd.it/j3zjlx80kh3d1.jpg?width=2840&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=c192299ede917f5b671da8dca6ee9cea8e7be267 🙉controversial behaviors and the looks in movie🙉 i'm really not satisfied with her styles in the movie. (will discuss the hairstyles later cause i in fact hated it bc of her offscreen behavior) idk what the dresser was thinking but what's with the headband?? and i'm not sure about the blue. it might be the correct shade of blue for halle and totally the headband's fault but how can the same color come out so differently on the similar brown/black skin?? ps. the ballerina screenshot is from a facebook videorecommended for me months ago and i saved it due to the similar outfit/tutu colors https://preview.redd.it/w8gchiq1kh3d1.jpg?width=2962&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=bc28f0ab57758ee208391a503e73be4379c1bd9a i mean halle looks so much better in a ponytail with the kind of collar!! if you want her hair down, change the fricking collar and plz just loose the headband. https://preview.redd.it/k9utg3c3kh3d1.jpg?width=736&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=a6e025f44a1b784a4c373faefa4719d4ff28053f and why no purple sparking dress? design a purple dress for halle as a sign of triumph over vanessa/usurla but plz don't be so lazy to use the exact same dress. redesign it, change the shade if the purple is not friendly to halle's brown/black skin and add sparkles to the total look to pay respect to the 1989 ver!! https://preview.redd.it/fivfjf95kh3d1.jpg?width=3011&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=8fe3240477b0b2ee7211741643c2496d947d9584 now, for the controversial behaviors. as a shallow fan who was deceived by the early preview i mentioned above, i turned a blind eye on her ''us being raciest for attacking her color'' post. i certainly think that it was uncool for her to ''overuse'' and ''mislead'' but still eager about the movie, hoping that halle would wow us and change everyone's mind with her ''being'' ariel. https://preview.redd.it/gr5kaiv6kh3d1.jpg?width=714&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=9d4e8b8e570dba3287501a2a66b58a2fc28c3cdb Then came the awful songs which made me loss all interest, thinking '' good lord, another ruined Alan menken movie'' and pity over the classics. but at least i was happy for the African American children who finally got a princess that looks like them on some youtube videos. yeah my childhood is long in the past so was still rooting for the brown-black ariel. the last straw for me to hate halle and the movie has to be the animal abusing zoo she visited. i'll break my logic down so it's easier for you guys to follow, halle accidentally went to a zoo in Thailand known for abusing animals ► hot debate on the net and animal rights group request an apology ► seeing an abuse picture makes me sad and i think it's an honest mistake since you know she went there as a tourist, not some ambassador►a simple apology will do ► no response from halle ► she doesn't care about how her offscreen behavior might set an example to the kids ►her big talk about '' playing ariel for the kids and the future'' is all 💩BS💩 to me https://preview.redd.it/zk34ihw9kh3d1.jpg?width=2110&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=4f26e65bde3036d5a47d018bb29b3425254b95c7 ok so now, for the locs of her hair. Do note that i'm only ''hating'' on locs only bc of halle's offscreen actions and the character she's playing. I loved how her cgi hair flows underwater and how she wants her culture in the character. BUT after the whole zoo incidence and the '' don't give a hoot'' attitude, i think that she's just being lazy and spoiled. Yes the underwater cgi hair is really beautiful to me but it's totally a degrade form the iconic 1989 hair-flip 🔽 of ariel. And it's harder to style for an on-shore hair-down look, hence the headband i dreaded i'm guessing? ps. if it's possible for civilians with natural hair to ace flips like this, then i think it's totally possible to relive the 1989 ver with movie magic. https://i.redd.it/gslowc2ekh3d1.gif https://i.redd.it/n7bnzk2ekh3d1.gif solution? wear a wig for the hair flip since obviously you don't care about you representing the first america-african live action princess or you must have apologized for the zoo incident. if the locs must be kept, then 🔽 braid the wig 🔽 on shore during the makeover or the kingdom tour. but i would suggest go deeper, make the whole america-african culture a thing above water instead of just a hairstyle on the lead role (will elaborate this in the part 3, what to do with racial diversity) https://preview.redd.it/lyglqjnhkh3d1.jpg?width=1693&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=ef9e732eec0cbcda7e20d8b2b27c3bb7587c06a4 🙉the other songs i cared about🙉 fathoms below lost all the majesticness and sounds like folklore pirate music. it's supposed to be an introduction of an underwater kingdom, not something pirates drink beer and cheer to. kiss the girl Sebastian's first word '' percussion'' made me leave immediately. sorry for my language but it sounds like a pervert whispering. and the part in an earlier preview where all ariel's friends sing in turns? i think it's very off either bc they're in 3 different keys? or their voices don't match. under the sea there's more talking than singing in the 2023 ver. and the new element of ''scolding'' is great and reasonable in my opinion. also ariel's chorus!!! impressive!! but if i'm being picky, the audio of the crab soloing gives me less party/concert vibe. and i must say it's a fair adopt but the 1989 ver still wins cause 2023 ver lacks the musicality in the rapping bit. Here i also paste the 2023 jp ver cause the voice actor did a better job distinguishing the low and high notes. 1989 ver 2023 ver 2023 jp ver poor unfortunate soul the musicality is not enough and it doesn't sound like singing the first talking part's fine but it's tough for me to hear when she starts yelling and shouting uncharted water Jonah strained and roared himself to get to the high notes and idk if i misheard but he was at the edge of cracking his voice here? also thejp verto show how it should sound to me but i have to say that this eng ver might be tiring for me to here merely bc i'm only listening to the audio. it may actually be good with the clip all together cause eric's in a movie crying out loud for ariel so a few cracks are acceptable~~ new ariel song i have to say halle did a great job in this song but unfortunately it's not my type. it gives me a more''Encanto‘’ vibe and not ''little mermaid'' the orchestra in the end manages to find some ''les mis'' musical vibe back but the whole song still doesn't work for me. 🙉ending🙉 thanks you for your precious time reading my complaint😅 i don't actually blame halle for her bad acting to tell the truth. i blame her for not taking Ariel seriously enough to avoid all the controversial incidents. And the fact that they failed to combine cultures wonderfully like the song ''that's how you know''(at least in my opinion), another down-grade of the 1989 classic. And the snow ''brown'' is just ewwww. i can understand a brown ariel with great voice(halle can actually nail ariel if there weren't so many outburst like i said in the article) but a brown snow ''white''???? i actually came up with a storyline to make the snow ''brown'' reasonable and i can only hope that disney has the similar idea in head too. Will be posting pt 3 1 month later cause the subreddit requires comment history~ That's it for this article, have a nice day:) |
2024.05.29 09:40 stlatos Tocharian B ñakte, on(u)waññe, onkrocce, āntse, kents
https://www.academia.edu/120201310
TB ñakte
The use of ‘immortal’ in IE to refer to a ‘god’ can be seen in the comparison:
*n-mrto- > Skt. amṛ́ta- ‘immortal’, Av. aməṣ̌a-, G. ámbrotos
*n-nek^to- ‘immortal’ > *n^äktæ > TA ñkät, TB ñakte ‘god / lord’
This requires only *n-n- > *n-, with no other examples. Later analogical forms with *n- before stems in *n- would not be odd (see on(u)waññe, below). This also fits into Toch. using *nek^- ‘die’ where other IE use *mer- ‘die’ :
*mrto- ‘dead’ >> *n-mrto- ‘immortal’
*mrto- ‘dead’ >> *morto- > G. mortós \ brotós ‘mortal man’, Skt. márta-s
*mrti- ‘death’ >> *mortyo- ‘mortal’ > OP martiya- ‘man’
*nek^to- ‘dead’ >> *n-nek^to- ‘immortal’
*nk^u- ‘death’ (OIr éc) >> *onk^wo- ‘mortal’ > *ænkwæ > TB enkwe ‘man’, TA onk
Each part showing the same derivation ( >> *n-(e)-o vs. >> *-o-o- ) seems significant.
TB on(u)waññe
*n(a)H2wiyo- > Go. nawis ‘dead’, Li. novė ‘death’
*nawnyo- > OIr naunae ‘hunger / famine’
*en-nawnyo- > *Enawmyö > *ænwannyæ > TB on(u)waññe ‘immortal’
*nawno- > *nawnæ > *nawmæ > *nwamæ > TA nwām ‘sick’
If some words had dissimilation of *n-n > n-0, only 2 PIE words (*n(a)H2wniyo- & *n(a)H2wno-) might be needed as the bases, though it’s hard to tell. The change of wn > wm like n-W > m-W for *(H3?)nogWh- > Tocharian B mekwa ‘nails’, Tocharian A maku, TA nätsw- ‘starve’, TB mätsts- (likely from *n-(H)ed- ‘not eat’, later > *-w- in verbs), *negWhró- ‘kidney’ > *neghwró- > TA mukär. This shows that it was optional in both A and B, not a regular rule separating A from B. The presence of 2 n’s here might also have contributed (but before regular n-n > ñ-n, Whalen 2023b). Metathesis *nawmæ > *nwamæ might be to avoid *-wm- (maybe after *w > *v).
TA onkrac
*g^erH2ont- ‘aging’ > G. gérōn ‘old man’, Skt. járant-, Os. zærond ‘old’
*g^erH2ont-yo- > Gaulish Gerontios, Arm. *ćeroynyo > ceruni ‘old person’
*n-g^erH2ont-yo- > *ängẹṛxönttyö- > *Enkụṛöttyö- > *ænkwärættsæ > *onkwrottsæ > TA *onkroc > onkrac ‘immortal’, TB obl. onkrocce
Adams has *onkroc > onkrac as regular, with other ex. of o-o > o-a in TA. He could not explain -o- in *onkwrottsæ, but if dissimilation of *n-n > n-0 occurred, a derivative of a participle in -ont- would make sense, with plenty of cognates. The seemingly odd change of *g^ > *kw has nothing to do with *g^, but with the following vowel. Dardic optionally changed V > ụ by retroflex sounds. This allows similar changes in Tocharian:
*worHno- > Li. várna, R. voróna ‘crow’, *worHniH2 > *worxǝnyax > *woṛụnya > TB wrauña
*k^erH2as- > G. kéras ‘horn’, *k^rH2as- > Skt. śíras- ‘head’, *k^rRas- > *k^ǝRas- > *k^ụṛas- > *kwäras- > TB *k(u)ras ‘skull’, kwrāṣe ‘skeleton’
TB kwrai-ññe ‘made of clay’ < *kwärayye < *kụṛöyyö < *gǝl- < PIE *gloiyo-s; *klaiya-z > OE clǣg E. clay, G. gloiós ‘glutinous substance / gum / (adj) sticky / clammy’
The same type might have caused KWǝC > KuC > Kw(ä)C (*KW > kW is not normal):
*gWǝnáH2- ‘woman’ > G. gunḗ, Boe. bana
*gWǝnH2-o:n > *kune:n > *kwän^e:n > *kwäl^e:n > *kwl^äye: > TA kwli, TB klīye \ klyīye \ klyiye ‘woman’
*gWhen- ‘drive (away) / kill’ >> *gWhǝnontiH > *kun^öntya > *kwäñöñca > TA kuñaś ‘fight / combat’
*negWhró- ‘kidney’ > G. nephrós, *negWhǝró- > *neghuró- > *mäghwärö > *mäwghrö > TA mukär
The existence of so many *u from nothing requires some explanation, and this fits all data. Adams’ statement that words ending in syllabic *-r often analogically became u-stems (*H2ap-mr ? > *ampäru > TB amparw-a ‘limbs’) might instead show *-r > *-ǝrǝ > *-(ä)ru. More evidence of retroflex influence on V’s below.
TB āntse
*H2omso- ‘shoulder’ > Skt. áṃsa-s, Go. amsa-, G. ômos, L. umerus, *ansæ > TA es, TB āntse, H. anssa- ‘back of shoulders / upper back / hips / buttocks’
Adams had *H4ōm(e)so- to explain PT *a-. This seems unneeded; since *en- / *än- > *En- > *æn-, original *on- probably became something other than expected *ön- > •æn- so as not to merge. There is no other ex. that would disprove regular *on- > *an- (or a similar change, depending on timing compared to *H- > 0-, etc.). G. ômos probably shows *omso- > *osmo- > *ohmo-. It is hard to be sure, since *-sm- does not seem regular in G. (*tweismo- > seismós ‘shaking’, *H1ois-mn- > oîma ‘rush / stormy attack’, *kosmo- > kómē ‘hair of the head’
G. dual amésō ‘shoulder-blades’ is probably Macedonian (o > a). It and L. umerus might show that *H2om(e)so- / *H2osmo- came from older *H2omos- / *H2omes-. The oldest meaning seems to be ‘back / spine / ridge’. These also greatly resemble Turkish omuz, etc.
TB kents
Huard has several proposals for the origin of odd features in TB kents ‘goose’ which require changes based only on this word. I prefer changes known from several words, even if previously unseen. In this spirit, I say:
If *g^hH2ans > kents, it would show unprecedented *-ns > -nts. Words for ‘goose’ from *g^hH2ans-, *g^hH2ansi-, & *g^hH2anso- are known, so avoiding this would require no new changes. Since *-ns- > -nts- in TB is clear, including after *i/u > ä/0 (G. kónis ‘dust’, *kóniso > *kænäsæ > TB kentse ‘rust?’; *snusó- ‘son’s wife’ > *sänsæ > TB santse) or after *ms > *ns (*H2omso- ‘shoulder’ > L. umerus, *ansæ > TA es, TB āntse). I say *g^hH2ansi-s > *kxantsis > *kentsä(s) > kents (maybe with dissimilation of s-s, if needed (the history of its stem is unknown)). *-is did not palatalize *s here. Adams explained non-palatalization in nom. like *kaH2uni-s > kauṃ (not *kauñ) as a specific change to *-is(-), as in *wi(H)so- ‘poison’ > *wäsö > TA wäs, TB wase (not *yase), Skt. viṣá-, G. īós. If RUKI causing retroflex was optional for PT *is > *iṣ, *-is > *-ịṣ > *-iš was the cause of non-palatalization. If retroflex C optionally caused V to become retroflex (Whalen 2024b), a stressed V by R might simply be made retroflex, with no change > *ụ like unstressed (above). Knowing the details when 2 stages could be optional is difficult. This would only be seen in the failure of palatalization before retroflex V :
*gWerH2o- ‘praised / praiseworthy’ > Li. geras ‘good’, *gẹṛö > *kärö > TA kär, TB kare
*gWerH2won- \ etc. ‘millstone / quern’ > Skt. grā́van-, *rgahan > Arm. erkan, Li. pl. gìrnos, Go. qairnus, *gẹṛwön-yö-? > TA kärwañ-, TB kärweñe ‘stone’
Huard gave other ex. of roots with *a forming nouns with *æ (as if < PIE *o) :
*kH2an- > OIr canim ‘sing’, L. canere
*kH2ano- / *kH2ono- ? > *kænæ > TA kan ‘tune’, TB kene
*H2anH1- ‘breathe’ > Skt. ániti \ ánati, TB anāsk-
*H2anH1o- / *H2onyo- / etc. ? > TB añiye ‘breath’, TA an
If *g^hH2ansi-s > TB kents is included, Huard explanation of analogy would not be needed. All have the form of *(K)Han before a front V ( i/y or æ ). This only makes sense if a sound change was the cause. If H2 was x, it might be retained after k later than after other C’s. At a time when kx- > kx- but tx- > t-, etc., x- remained, o > ö > æ, a change of a > æ after x and before n()i/æ would work. With three examples, and no contrary evidence, it seems fairy certain.
Adams, Douglas Q. (1999) A Dictionary of Tocharian B
http://ieed.ullet.net/tochB.html
Huard, Athanaric (2020) On Tocharian B kents* and the origin of PIE *ǵhans-
Wékwos. Revue d’étudesindo-européennes, 2020, 5, pp.215-262
https://hal.science/hal-03458885/document
Whalen, Sean (2023a) Tocharian A mukär 'kidney' -A Note on Identification
https://www.academia.edu/105473214
Whalen, Sean (2023b) Dissimilation n-n > ñ-n & m-m > ñ-m in Tocharian
https://www.academia.edu/105497939
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Notes on Tocharian Words, Loans, Shared Features, and Odd Sound Changes (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/119100207
Whalen, Sean (2024b) Tocharian *V > *u by Retroflex (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/117296786
Whalen, Sean (2024c) Greek *H and *h (from PIE *s) optionally changed near *o (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/119795308
submitted by stlatos to HistoricalLinguistics [link] [comments]
TB ñakte
The use of ‘immortal’ in IE to refer to a ‘god’ can be seen in the comparison:
*n-mrto- > Skt. amṛ́ta- ‘immortal’, Av. aməṣ̌a-, G. ámbrotos
*n-nek^to- ‘immortal’ > *n^äktæ > TA ñkät, TB ñakte ‘god / lord’
This requires only *n-n- > *n-, with no other examples. Later analogical forms with *n- before stems in *n- would not be odd (see on(u)waññe, below). This also fits into Toch. using *nek^- ‘die’ where other IE use *mer- ‘die’ :
*mrto- ‘dead’ >> *n-mrto- ‘immortal’
*mrto- ‘dead’ >> *morto- > G. mortós \ brotós ‘mortal man’, Skt. márta-s
*mrti- ‘death’ >> *mortyo- ‘mortal’ > OP martiya- ‘man’
*nek^to- ‘dead’ >> *n-nek^to- ‘immortal’
*nk^u- ‘death’ (OIr éc) >> *onk^wo- ‘mortal’ > *ænkwæ > TB enkwe ‘man’, TA onk
Each part showing the same derivation ( >> *n-(e)-o vs. >> *-o-o- ) seems significant.
TB on(u)waññe
*n(a)H2wiyo- > Go. nawis ‘dead’, Li. novė ‘death’
*nawnyo- > OIr naunae ‘hunger / famine’
*en-nawnyo- > *Enawmyö > *ænwannyæ > TB on(u)waññe ‘immortal’
*nawno- > *nawnæ > *nawmæ > *nwamæ > TA nwām ‘sick’
If some words had dissimilation of *n-n > n-0, only 2 PIE words (*n(a)H2wniyo- & *n(a)H2wno-) might be needed as the bases, though it’s hard to tell. The change of wn > wm like n-W > m-W for *(H3?)nogWh- > Tocharian B mekwa ‘nails’, Tocharian A maku, TA nätsw- ‘starve’, TB mätsts- (likely from *n-(H)ed- ‘not eat’, later > *-w- in verbs), *negWhró- ‘kidney’ > *neghwró- > TA mukär. This shows that it was optional in both A and B, not a regular rule separating A from B. The presence of 2 n’s here might also have contributed (but before regular n-n > ñ-n, Whalen 2023b). Metathesis *nawmæ > *nwamæ might be to avoid *-wm- (maybe after *w > *v).
TA onkrac
*g^erH2ont- ‘aging’ > G. gérōn ‘old man’, Skt. járant-, Os. zærond ‘old’
*g^erH2ont-yo- > Gaulish Gerontios, Arm. *ćeroynyo > ceruni ‘old person’
*n-g^erH2ont-yo- > *ängẹṛxönttyö- > *Enkụṛöttyö- > *ænkwärættsæ > *onkwrottsæ > TA *onkroc > onkrac ‘immortal’, TB obl. onkrocce
Adams has *onkroc > onkrac as regular, with other ex. of o-o > o-a in TA. He could not explain -o- in *onkwrottsæ, but if dissimilation of *n-n > n-0 occurred, a derivative of a participle in -ont- would make sense, with plenty of cognates. The seemingly odd change of *g^ > *kw has nothing to do with *g^, but with the following vowel. Dardic optionally changed V > ụ by retroflex sounds. This allows similar changes in Tocharian:
*worHno- > Li. várna, R. voróna ‘crow’, *worHniH2 > *worxǝnyax > *woṛụnya > TB wrauña
*k^erH2as- > G. kéras ‘horn’, *k^rH2as- > Skt. śíras- ‘head’, *k^rRas- > *k^ǝRas- > *k^ụṛas- > *kwäras- > TB *k(u)ras ‘skull’, kwrāṣe ‘skeleton’
TB kwrai-ññe ‘made of clay’ < *kwärayye < *kụṛöyyö < *gǝl- < PIE *gloiyo-s; *klaiya-z > OE clǣg E. clay, G. gloiós ‘glutinous substance / gum / (adj) sticky / clammy’
The same type might have caused KWǝC > KuC > Kw(ä)C (*KW > kW is not normal):
*gWǝnáH2- ‘woman’ > G. gunḗ, Boe. bana
*gWǝnH2-o:n > *kune:n > *kwän^e:n > *kwäl^e:n > *kwl^äye: > TA kwli, TB klīye \ klyīye \ klyiye ‘woman’
*gWhen- ‘drive (away) / kill’ >> *gWhǝnontiH > *kun^öntya > *kwäñöñca > TA kuñaś ‘fight / combat’
*negWhró- ‘kidney’ > G. nephrós, *negWhǝró- > *neghuró- > *mäghwärö > *mäwghrö > TA mukär
The existence of so many *u from nothing requires some explanation, and this fits all data. Adams’ statement that words ending in syllabic *-r often analogically became u-stems (*H2ap-mr ? > *ampäru > TB amparw-a ‘limbs’) might instead show *-r > *-ǝrǝ > *-(ä)ru. More evidence of retroflex influence on V’s below.
TB āntse
*H2omso- ‘shoulder’ > Skt. áṃsa-s, Go. amsa-, G. ômos, L. umerus, *ansæ > TA es, TB āntse, H. anssa- ‘back of shoulders / upper back / hips / buttocks’
Adams had *H4ōm(e)so- to explain PT *a-. This seems unneeded; since *en- / *än- > *En- > *æn-, original *on- probably became something other than expected *ön- > •æn- so as not to merge. There is no other ex. that would disprove regular *on- > *an- (or a similar change, depending on timing compared to *H- > 0-, etc.). G. ômos probably shows *omso- > *osmo- > *ohmo-. It is hard to be sure, since *-sm- does not seem regular in G. (*tweismo- > seismós ‘shaking’, *H1ois-mn- > oîma ‘rush / stormy attack’, *kosmo- > kómē ‘hair of the head’
G. dual amésō ‘shoulder-blades’ is probably Macedonian (o > a). It and L. umerus might show that *H2om(e)so- / *H2osmo- came from older *H2omos- / *H2omes-. The oldest meaning seems to be ‘back / spine / ridge’. These also greatly resemble Turkish omuz, etc.
TB kents
Huard has several proposals for the origin of odd features in TB kents ‘goose’ which require changes based only on this word. I prefer changes known from several words, even if previously unseen. In this spirit, I say:
- *-ns- > -nts-
If *g^hH2ans > kents, it would show unprecedented *-ns > -nts. Words for ‘goose’ from *g^hH2ans-, *g^hH2ansi-, & *g^hH2anso- are known, so avoiding this would require no new changes. Since *-ns- > -nts- in TB is clear, including after *i/u > ä/0 (G. kónis ‘dust’, *kóniso > *kænäsæ > TB kentse ‘rust?’; *snusó- ‘son’s wife’ > *sänsæ > TB santse) or after *ms > *ns (*H2omso- ‘shoulder’ > L. umerus, *ansæ > TA es, TB āntse). I say *g^hH2ansi-s > *kxantsis > *kentsä(s) > kents (maybe with dissimilation of s-s, if needed (the history of its stem is unknown)). *-is did not palatalize *s here. Adams explained non-palatalization in nom. like *kaH2uni-s > kauṃ (not *kauñ) as a specific change to *-is(-), as in *wi(H)so- ‘poison’ > *wäsö > TA wäs, TB wase (not *yase), Skt. viṣá-, G. īós. If RUKI causing retroflex was optional for PT *is > *iṣ, *-is > *-ịṣ > *-iš was the cause of non-palatalization. If retroflex C optionally caused V to become retroflex (Whalen 2024b), a stressed V by R might simply be made retroflex, with no change > *ụ like unstressed (above). Knowing the details when 2 stages could be optional is difficult. This would only be seen in the failure of palatalization before retroflex V :
*gWerH2o- ‘praised / praiseworthy’ > Li. geras ‘good’, *gẹṛö > *kärö > TA kär, TB kare
*gWerH2won- \ etc. ‘millstone / quern’ > Skt. grā́van-, *rgahan > Arm. erkan, Li. pl. gìrnos, Go. qairnus, *gẹṛwön-yö-? > TA kärwañ-, TB kärweñe ‘stone’
- *xan-i > *xæn-i
Huard gave other ex. of roots with *a forming nouns with *æ (as if < PIE *o) :
*kH2an- > OIr canim ‘sing’, L. canere
*kH2ano- / *kH2ono- ? > *kænæ > TA kan ‘tune’, TB kene
*H2anH1- ‘breathe’ > Skt. ániti \ ánati, TB anāsk-
*H2anH1o- / *H2onyo- / etc. ? > TB añiye ‘breath’, TA an
If *g^hH2ansi-s > TB kents is included, Huard explanation of analogy would not be needed. All have the form of *(K)Han before a front V ( i/y or æ ). This only makes sense if a sound change was the cause. If H2 was x, it might be retained after k later than after other C’s. At a time when kx- > kx- but tx- > t-, etc., x- remained, o > ö > æ, a change of a > æ after x and before n()i/æ would work. With three examples, and no contrary evidence, it seems fairy certain.
Adams, Douglas Q. (1999) A Dictionary of Tocharian B
http://ieed.ullet.net/tochB.html
Huard, Athanaric (2020) On Tocharian B kents* and the origin of PIE *ǵhans-
Wékwos. Revue d’étudesindo-européennes, 2020, 5, pp.215-262
https://hal.science/hal-03458885/document
Whalen, Sean (2023a) Tocharian A mukär 'kidney' -A Note on Identification
https://www.academia.edu/105473214
Whalen, Sean (2023b) Dissimilation n-n > ñ-n & m-m > ñ-m in Tocharian
https://www.academia.edu/105497939
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Notes on Tocharian Words, Loans, Shared Features, and Odd Sound Changes (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/119100207
Whalen, Sean (2024b) Tocharian *V > *u by Retroflex (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/117296786
Whalen, Sean (2024c) Greek *H and *h (from PIE *s) optionally changed near *o (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/119795308
2024.05.27 23:04 stlatos Etymology of PIE *perno-, *pet(r)u(n)g- ‘bird / wing / feather’, Greek adj. in -uro- / -ūro- < *-uHro-
https://www.academia.edu/120121846
Greek has several adj. in -uro- not in other IE: halmurós ‘salty’, kapurós ‘dried by the air’, etc. There is no reason to think the affix itself is not IE, seen in *seg^hurHo- ‘holding’ > G. ekhurós / okhurós ‘durable / secure’, Skt. sáhuri- ‘mighty / strong / victorious’. I see no reason for Beekes’ “Pre-Greek” (invoked with the slightest unexpected change) to be non-IE or contain sounds like pY, tYk, tW, [dl], etc. The H in *-urHo- is needed to become *-uHro- in *(d)wi-seg^hurHo- > *wisg^huHro- > G. iskhūrós ‘strong’. Note other variation in -V- and -C-:
*H1ek^wo- ‘horse’
*H1ek^w-iHno- > L. equīnus ‘of horses’, S. esuino- ‘Aśvíns / horse-twins / Palici / IE divine twins’
*-eno- ? > Lus. Equeunubo
*-in- > Skt. aśvin-
*-ino- > OPr aswinan ‘mare's milk’
*-eino- > Li. ašvíenis ‘stallion’
*perut ‘last year’
*perutno- > Skt. paruttna- \ parutná-
*perutino- > *perusinós > G. perisunós
*perutinwo- > Myc. *perusinwós, G. perusīnós
*wesr / *wesn- ‘spring’
*wesrinó- ‘of spring’ > vasarìnis, *wesninó- > OCS vesnĭnŭ
*-iHno- > G. earīnós
*-no- > L. vērnus
*-eino- >> *wesṇteino- > OW guiannuin, W. gwanwyn
*HaliHno- > G. alīnós ‘flimsy’
*Halno- > Skt. áṇu- ‘fine / thin / very small’
*melH2iHno- > *meHliHno- > Li. mė́lynas ‘blue’
*melH2inHo- > *melH2no- > G. melanós ‘blue-black’
*bhrew- ‘boil / bubble’
*bhrewtuHro- ‘brewed/boiled _’ > Thr. boútūron ‘butter’
*bhrewturHo- > *-uro- > *-ro- > *bhruwtro- >> G. brûton ‘beer’
*bhrutro- > E. broth, L. dēfrutum ‘boiled-down must’
*marH- / *malH- / etc. ‘grind / wear away’ > G. maraínomai ‘waste away’
*marH-turHo- > *marH-turo- > *marH-tro- > G. márathron \ márathon ‘fennel’ ( from ‘*ground spice’ )
*marH-tuHo- > *marH-tuwo- > LB ma-ra-tu-wo ‘fennel’?
G. psathurós ‘friable / crumbling’, psapharós ‘powdery’.
G. aírinos ‘of ryegrass/darnel’, Lt. airene ‘ryegrass/darnel’
L. geminī ‘twins’, *yamuna- > Ni. iämüṇa ‘twin’
*maH2K- ? > G. mákhaira ‘knife / sword’, mágoiros ‘slaughterer / butcher / cook’, mágeiros ‘cook’, Dor. mágīros ‘cook’
It also depends if *-tro- / *-tlo- came from older *-turHo-, as suggested by márathron, etc., which alone would simply be derived from *-tro- but with cognates with -u-. Many variants like these exist, often only with -V- in Arm. :
*leukinHo- > Arm. lusin ‘moon’
*leukHno- > *leuksno- > L. lūna
(note that *leukisno- / leuksno- is also possible)
*gWlH2ino- > Arm. kałin ‘acorn / hazel nut’
*gWlH2no- > G. bálanos ‘acorn / oak / barnacle’
*pltH2ino- > *hlahin > Arm. layn ‘wide/broad/large’
*pltH2no- > *hlitanos > OIr. lethan ‘wide’, G. plátanos ‘plane tree’
*skandulHo- > *sxantułxo- > Arm. pl. sanduł-k` / sandux-k` ‘laddestairs’
*skandulo- > *skandlo- > L. pl. scālae ‘ladder / flight of steps’
*weranaH2- > Arm. geran ‘timbebeam/log’
*wernaH2 > OIr. fern ‘alder’, Alb. verrë ‘white poplar’
*werno(s)- > G. érnos ‘young sprout’
*wedino- > Arm. getin ‘ground/soil’
*wedn- > G. édaphos ‘ground/soil / bottom/base’
*grH2unHo- = *grxunxo- > *gurRunRo > *kurrunko > Arm. kṙunk ‘crane’
*gerH2no- > G. géranos
*gWholuwxo- > *guluxo- > Arm. glux ‘head/summit/end / chief’
*gWholuwā > *golwā > R. golová ‘head’, Li. galvà
*gWíg^lumHo-s > G. gíglumos ‘hinge/joint/pivot’, *gWíg^lumx-iya > *čiclunxi > Arm. cłxni ‘door hinge’, J^ula dia. člxan
*H(a)mburHo- = *x(a)mburxo- > *-rr- > Arm. ambuṙ-k` ‘storm’
*H(a)mbro- > G. ómbros ‘rain(storm)’, Arm. amprop ‘thunder(bolt)’
This includes *-inHo- / *-iHno- with optional *nH > nn: G. khálinnos / khalīnós ‘bridle / rein / bit’, G. kíkinnos ‘lock of curly hair’, L. cachinnus ‘loud laughter / guffaw’, Ga. Bolvinnus ‘god at hotsprings at Baugiacus/Bouhy’. As more evidence that *nH existed, many Greek words with the common ending -alos often had variants with -allos, etc. (kártalos / kártallos ‘basket’, korudallís / korúdalos ‘(crested) lark’, krústallos ‘ice’ (the source of crystal), *H3okW- ‘eye’ >> óktallos / optílos, *H2ngWhilHo- ‘snake / eel’ >> Akhilleús / Akhileús ), showing older *-lH- > l / ll in Greek. The ending -ālos / -ēlos would then have the same relation, with *-aHlo- vs. *-alHo-. Also see *rH > *rr in *grH2unHo- > *kurrunko > Arm. kṙunk, *H(a)mburHo- > *-rr- > Arm. ambuṙ-k` (above).
This includes metathesis for -in- / -ni- :
*H3opinHo- > H. happina- ‘rich’
*H3opin- > *H3opni- > L. omnis ‘every / whole’
*Hak^iHnaH- > Cz. osina ‘awn’
*Hak^in- > *Hak^ni- > Li. ašnìs ‘edge / blade’
Importantly, sometimes -V- > 0 with other changes:
psapharós, psathurós, *psathrós > sathrós ‘unsound / diseased / cracked’
psíthur \ psíthuros \ psedurós ‘whispering / slanderous’, *psidurós > psudrós \ psudnós ‘lying / untrue’
This seems to show that when V1-V2-V3 > V-V3, the 1st V could become either following V ( V1-V2-V3 > V1-V3 or V2-V3 ). This assimilation might take place before or at the very moment of V > 0 in mid syllables.
More in (Whalen 2024a).
With this, the same changes in :
*pterug- > G. ptérux ‘wing’, gen. ptérugos
*petring- >> *patringaka > Kh. pḷingáy ‘a kind of bird’
*petang- > Skt. pataŋgá- ‘flying / bird’
*petturo- > *fetturo > Arm. p`etur ‘feather’
*pet(t)ro- > Skt. pátra- / páttra-, pátatra- ‘wing/feather’, *ptetro- > G. pterón
can be added. However, *p- > ph- is irregular, among many other oddities here. Since Greek has pérdīx ‘partridge’, ptúgx ‘eagle-owl’, pôü(g)x ‘a kind of bird’, all of unknown origin, it also makes sense that an IE word related to ‘bird / wing’ was the source. This would also show *-iCg- vs. *-ung-, resembling ptérugos ~ pataŋgá-. It is possible that *-img- / *-ümg- might give all outcomes (Whalen 2024c). As for r vs. 0, the presence of *R and *R / *H alternation in PIE is also seen in many Indo-European words show supposed *r > 0 or *0 > r / *H for no known reason () :
*proti > G. protí, Dor. potí, Skt. práti, Av. paiti-, etc.
*spreg- > Alb. shpreh ‘express/voice’, OE sp(r)ecan, E. speak
*sprend(h)- > OE sprind ‘agile/lively’, E. sprint, Skt. spandate ‘throb/shake/quivekick’
*splendh- > L. splend-, Li. spindėti ‘shine’
G. drómos ‘race(track)’ >> Aro. drum / dum ‘road’
*dru- > G. drûs, Alb. drushk / dushk ‘oak’
*derk^- > G. dérkomai, Arm. tesanem ‘see’
*perk^- > L. procus ‘suitor’, Arm. p`esay ‘son-in-law / groom’
*k^rno-s > L. cornus ‘cornel cherry-tree’, G. krános, Alb. thanë
*kesro- > *xezra-n > E. hair, Alb. kesë / kezë ‘woman’s head-dress / garland’, krezë ‘pistil’
*karsto- > Gy. karšt / kašt, G. káston ‘wood’, Arm. kask ‘(chest)nut’
*trVkso- ‘badger’ > L. taxus, G. trókhos
*mrkW-? > G. márptō ‘seize/grasp’, mapéein ‘seize’
Skt. márya- stallion’, máya- ‘horse/mule’, máyī- ‘mare’, Kh. madyán ‘mare’
G. daitrós ‘person who carves and portions out meat at a table’, Mac. daítas
Arm. kēt ‘biting fly’, kret ‘wasp’
*akurt > MArm. akut’ ‘cookstove’, Van dia. angurt’ ‘portable clay oven’
*wormo- > Li. varmas ‘insect/mosquito’, Alb. vemje
(and/or *wrmi- > ormr ‘worm’, *wormidā > *vomida > Rum. omidă ‘caterpillar’)
? > *bragnaka- > MP brahnag, Os. bägnäg ‘naked’, Sog. ßγn’k
? > *braywar- ‘multitude/myriad / 10,000’ > Av. baēvarǝ, OP baivar-, Sog. ßrywr
More in (Whalen 2024b)
The origin of some of these r / 0 can be known :
*bhaH2-sk^e- ‘tell/speak/boast > be loud/boastful/proud’ > Greek pháskō ‘say/assert/believe’
*n-bhaH2-sk^e- ‘not speak / not boast > be quiet/modest/ashamed/depressed/indifferent’ > Arm. amač`em ‘feel inferior / be ashamed’*ënbhaRsk^e- > *ïmwarsk- > TB mrausk- ‘feel an indifference/aversion to the world’
Since I say that PIE *H2 was pronounced x / X / R (uvular or velar fricatives), a change of R > r would not be odd. Looking for r / 0 in ptérugos ~ pataŋgá- in *H2, I think it’s most likely that *petH2- ‘broad’ formed ‘wing’ (which created a new verb *pet- ‘fly’ later, instead of the other way around). Words for ‘broad’ > ‘shoulder / wing’ are common enough. The oddities in ‘wing’ would be from *petH2tumHo- / *petRtumRo which had metathesis, dissimilation, simplification, etc., due to *-tH2t-H- (which might have become *-trtr- or *-ttr-, etc., first). This might also explain Li. sparnà as from the same source as *perno- > Skt. parṇá-, Av. parǝna- ‘wing’, *petH2no- > *tpaH2no- > *spaRno-.
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Indo-European Alternation of *H / *s (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114375961
Whalen, Sean (2024b) Greek Uvular R / q, ks > xs / kx / kR, k / x > k / kh / r, Hk > H / k / kh (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/115369292
Whalen, Sean (2024c) Artemis and Indo-European Words for ‘Bear’
https://www.academia.edu/117037912
submitted by stlatos to HistoricalLinguistics [link] [comments]
Greek has several adj. in -uro- not in other IE: halmurós ‘salty’, kapurós ‘dried by the air’, etc. There is no reason to think the affix itself is not IE, seen in *seg^hurHo- ‘holding’ > G. ekhurós / okhurós ‘durable / secure’, Skt. sáhuri- ‘mighty / strong / victorious’. I see no reason for Beekes’ “Pre-Greek” (invoked with the slightest unexpected change) to be non-IE or contain sounds like pY, tYk, tW, [dl], etc. The H in *-urHo- is needed to become *-uHro- in *(d)wi-seg^hurHo- > *wisg^huHro- > G. iskhūrós ‘strong’. Note other variation in -V- and -C-:
*H1ek^wo- ‘horse’
*H1ek^w-iHno- > L. equīnus ‘of horses’, S. esuino- ‘Aśvíns / horse-twins / Palici / IE divine twins’
*-eno- ? > Lus. Equeunubo
*-in- > Skt. aśvin-
*-ino- > OPr aswinan ‘mare's milk’
*-eino- > Li. ašvíenis ‘stallion’
*perut ‘last year’
*perutno- > Skt. paruttna- \ parutná-
*perutino- > *perusinós > G. perisunós
*perutinwo- > Myc. *perusinwós, G. perusīnós
*wesr / *wesn- ‘spring’
*wesrinó- ‘of spring’ > vasarìnis, *wesninó- > OCS vesnĭnŭ
*-iHno- > G. earīnós
*-no- > L. vērnus
*-eino- >> *wesṇteino- > OW guiannuin, W. gwanwyn
*HaliHno- > G. alīnós ‘flimsy’
*Halno- > Skt. áṇu- ‘fine / thin / very small’
*melH2iHno- > *meHliHno- > Li. mė́lynas ‘blue’
*melH2inHo- > *melH2no- > G. melanós ‘blue-black’
*bhrew- ‘boil / bubble’
*bhrewtuHro- ‘brewed/boiled _’ > Thr. boútūron ‘butter’
*bhrewturHo- > *-uro- > *-ro- > *bhruwtro- >> G. brûton ‘beer’
*bhrutro- > E. broth, L. dēfrutum ‘boiled-down must’
*marH- / *malH- / etc. ‘grind / wear away’ > G. maraínomai ‘waste away’
*marH-turHo- > *marH-turo- > *marH-tro- > G. márathron \ márathon ‘fennel’ ( from ‘*ground spice’ )
*marH-tuHo- > *marH-tuwo- > LB ma-ra-tu-wo ‘fennel’?
G. psathurós ‘friable / crumbling’, psapharós ‘powdery’.
G. aírinos ‘of ryegrass/darnel’, Lt. airene ‘ryegrass/darnel’
L. geminī ‘twins’, *yamuna- > Ni. iämüṇa ‘twin’
*maH2K- ? > G. mákhaira ‘knife / sword’, mágoiros ‘slaughterer / butcher / cook’, mágeiros ‘cook’, Dor. mágīros ‘cook’
It also depends if *-tro- / *-tlo- came from older *-turHo-, as suggested by márathron, etc., which alone would simply be derived from *-tro- but with cognates with -u-. Many variants like these exist, often only with -V- in Arm. :
*leukinHo- > Arm. lusin ‘moon’
*leukHno- > *leuksno- > L. lūna
(note that *leukisno- / leuksno- is also possible)
*gWlH2ino- > Arm. kałin ‘acorn / hazel nut’
*gWlH2no- > G. bálanos ‘acorn / oak / barnacle’
*pltH2ino- > *hlahin > Arm. layn ‘wide/broad/large’
*pltH2no- > *hlitanos > OIr. lethan ‘wide’, G. plátanos ‘plane tree’
*skandulHo- > *sxantułxo- > Arm. pl. sanduł-k` / sandux-k` ‘laddestairs’
*skandulo- > *skandlo- > L. pl. scālae ‘ladder / flight of steps’
*weranaH2- > Arm. geran ‘timbebeam/log’
*wernaH2 > OIr. fern ‘alder’, Alb. verrë ‘white poplar’
*werno(s)- > G. érnos ‘young sprout’
*wedino- > Arm. getin ‘ground/soil’
*wedn- > G. édaphos ‘ground/soil / bottom/base’
*grH2unHo- = *grxunxo- > *gurRunRo > *kurrunko > Arm. kṙunk ‘crane’
*gerH2no- > G. géranos
*gWholuwxo- > *guluxo- > Arm. glux ‘head/summit/end / chief’
*gWholuwā > *golwā > R. golová ‘head’, Li. galvà
*gWíg^lumHo-s > G. gíglumos ‘hinge/joint/pivot’, *gWíg^lumx-iya > *čiclunxi > Arm. cłxni ‘door hinge’, J^ula dia. člxan
*H(a)mburHo- = *x(a)mburxo- > *-rr- > Arm. ambuṙ-k` ‘storm’
*H(a)mbro- > G. ómbros ‘rain(storm)’, Arm. amprop ‘thunder(bolt)’
This includes *-inHo- / *-iHno- with optional *nH > nn: G. khálinnos / khalīnós ‘bridle / rein / bit’, G. kíkinnos ‘lock of curly hair’, L. cachinnus ‘loud laughter / guffaw’, Ga. Bolvinnus ‘god at hotsprings at Baugiacus/Bouhy’. As more evidence that *nH existed, many Greek words with the common ending -alos often had variants with -allos, etc. (kártalos / kártallos ‘basket’, korudallís / korúdalos ‘(crested) lark’, krústallos ‘ice’ (the source of crystal), *H3okW- ‘eye’ >> óktallos / optílos, *H2ngWhilHo- ‘snake / eel’ >> Akhilleús / Akhileús ), showing older *-lH- > l / ll in Greek. The ending -ālos / -ēlos would then have the same relation, with *-aHlo- vs. *-alHo-. Also see *rH > *rr in *grH2unHo- > *kurrunko > Arm. kṙunk, *H(a)mburHo- > *-rr- > Arm. ambuṙ-k` (above).
This includes metathesis for -in- / -ni- :
*H3opinHo- > H. happina- ‘rich’
*H3opin- > *H3opni- > L. omnis ‘every / whole’
*Hak^iHnaH- > Cz. osina ‘awn’
*Hak^in- > *Hak^ni- > Li. ašnìs ‘edge / blade’
Importantly, sometimes -V- > 0 with other changes:
psapharós, psathurós, *psathrós > sathrós ‘unsound / diseased / cracked’
psíthur \ psíthuros \ psedurós ‘whispering / slanderous’, *psidurós > psudrós \ psudnós ‘lying / untrue’
This seems to show that when V1-V2-V3 > V-V3, the 1st V could become either following V ( V1-V2-V3 > V1-V3 or V2-V3 ). This assimilation might take place before or at the very moment of V > 0 in mid syllables.
More in (Whalen 2024a).
With this, the same changes in :
*pterug- > G. ptérux ‘wing’, gen. ptérugos
*petring- >> *patringaka > Kh. pḷingáy ‘a kind of bird’
*petang- > Skt. pataŋgá- ‘flying / bird’
*petturo- > *fetturo > Arm. p`etur ‘feather’
*pet(t)ro- > Skt. pátra- / páttra-, pátatra- ‘wing/feather’, *ptetro- > G. pterón
can be added. However, *p- > ph- is irregular, among many other oddities here. Since Greek has pérdīx ‘partridge’, ptúgx ‘eagle-owl’, pôü(g)x ‘a kind of bird’, all of unknown origin, it also makes sense that an IE word related to ‘bird / wing’ was the source. This would also show *-iCg- vs. *-ung-, resembling ptérugos ~ pataŋgá-. It is possible that *-img- / *-ümg- might give all outcomes (Whalen 2024c). As for r vs. 0, the presence of *R and *R / *H alternation in PIE is also seen in many Indo-European words show supposed *r > 0 or *0 > r / *H for no known reason () :
*proti > G. protí, Dor. potí, Skt. práti, Av. paiti-, etc.
*spreg- > Alb. shpreh ‘express/voice’, OE sp(r)ecan, E. speak
*sprend(h)- > OE sprind ‘agile/lively’, E. sprint, Skt. spandate ‘throb/shake/quivekick’
*splendh- > L. splend-, Li. spindėti ‘shine’
G. drómos ‘race(track)’ >> Aro. drum / dum ‘road’
*dru- > G. drûs, Alb. drushk / dushk ‘oak’
*derk^- > G. dérkomai, Arm. tesanem ‘see’
*perk^- > L. procus ‘suitor’, Arm. p`esay ‘son-in-law / groom’
*k^rno-s > L. cornus ‘cornel cherry-tree’, G. krános, Alb. thanë
*kesro- > *xezra-n > E. hair, Alb. kesë / kezë ‘woman’s head-dress / garland’, krezë ‘pistil’
*karsto- > Gy. karšt / kašt, G. káston ‘wood’, Arm. kask ‘(chest)nut’
*trVkso- ‘badger’ > L. taxus, G. trókhos
*mrkW-? > G. márptō ‘seize/grasp’, mapéein ‘seize’
Skt. márya- stallion’, máya- ‘horse/mule’, máyī- ‘mare’, Kh. madyán ‘mare’
G. daitrós ‘person who carves and portions out meat at a table’, Mac. daítas
Arm. kēt ‘biting fly’, kret ‘wasp’
*akurt > MArm. akut’ ‘cookstove’, Van dia. angurt’ ‘portable clay oven’
*wormo- > Li. varmas ‘insect/mosquito’, Alb. vemje
(and/or *wrmi- > ormr ‘worm’, *wormidā > *vomida > Rum. omidă ‘caterpillar’)
? > *bragnaka- > MP brahnag, Os. bägnäg ‘naked’, Sog. ßγn’k
? > *braywar- ‘multitude/myriad / 10,000’ > Av. baēvarǝ, OP baivar-, Sog. ßrywr
More in (Whalen 2024b)
The origin of some of these r / 0 can be known :
*bhaH2-sk^e- ‘tell/speak/boast > be loud/boastful/proud’ > Greek pháskō ‘say/assert/believe’
*n-bhaH2-sk^e- ‘not speak / not boast > be quiet/modest/ashamed/depressed/indifferent’ > Arm. amač`em ‘feel inferior / be ashamed’*ënbhaRsk^e- > *ïmwarsk- > TB mrausk- ‘feel an indifference/aversion to the world’
Since I say that PIE *H2 was pronounced x / X / R (uvular or velar fricatives), a change of R > r would not be odd. Looking for r / 0 in ptérugos ~ pataŋgá- in *H2, I think it’s most likely that *petH2- ‘broad’ formed ‘wing’ (which created a new verb *pet- ‘fly’ later, instead of the other way around). Words for ‘broad’ > ‘shoulder / wing’ are common enough. The oddities in ‘wing’ would be from *petH2tumHo- / *petRtumRo which had metathesis, dissimilation, simplification, etc., due to *-tH2t-H- (which might have become *-trtr- or *-ttr-, etc., first). This might also explain Li. sparnà as from the same source as *perno- > Skt. parṇá-, Av. parǝna- ‘wing’, *petH2no- > *tpaH2no- > *spaRno-.
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Indo-European Alternation of *H / *s (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114375961
Whalen, Sean (2024b) Greek Uvular R / q, ks > xs / kx / kR, k / x > k / kh / r, Hk > H / k / kh (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/115369292
Whalen, Sean (2024c) Artemis and Indo-European Words for ‘Bear’
https://www.academia.edu/117037912
2024.05.27 01:56 stlatos Swords Brandished for the Glory of Rome: Irregularity in Latin Voicing of Cl- / Cr- / Cn-
https://www.academia.edu/120067646
Vine sought a regular explanation for *ghr > gr- vs. *hr- > r-, *ghl- > gl- vs. l-, etc. in Latin. This includes :
*ghreHwo- > Gmc. *gra:waz > OHG gráo, E. grey, *ghrHwo- > L. rāvus ‘greyish yellow’, ravistellus / gravastellus ‘greybeard’
*ghreudo- > L. rūdus ‘gravel / rubble’, OE gréot ‘sand / grit’
*ghla(H2)d- > L. glaber ‘smooth’, OCS gladŭkŭ, OHG glat
*g^loH3-? > L. lūtum ‘yellow dye’
I do not see any reason for regularity here, mostly due to other examples of *kl- > gl-, etc. These have been seen as loans from unknown IE (sometimes Celtic), but their similarity to variation in l- / gl- above makes the same cause likely. This would be nothing more than optional voicing of many *CR- in Latin, assuming the timing was *gh > *kh, optional *k(h)l- > gl-, etc.
*klaH2d-? > *kald(h)- / *klad(h)- > R. kolóda ‘tree trunk’, G. kládos ‘branch’
*kladiHwo- > Cz. kladivo ‘hammer’, *kladiw(H)o- > OIr claideb ‘sword’, W. cleddyf, L. gladius
*k^lew(H)os- > OCS sluxŭ ‘hearing’, *xliuza- > OE hléor ‘cheek/face/countenance’, *klewazya: > L. glōria
The change of *ewH > *owa > ō regular like *rewH1maH2 > *rowama: > Rōma; *wogWhH1to- > *woxWato- > L. vōtus ‘vowed’, U. vufeto-; *mowHH1to- > *mowato- > L. mōtus, U. co-mohota (Whalen 2024a). Need for *H in *k^lew(H)- comes from *k^luHs- > OCS slyšati ‘hear’, *k^louHs- > Li. kláusti ‘ask questions’ (Yamazaki 2022) and apparent H-metathesis in *k^lewH2- > *k^laH2w- > TB -klāwi, Li. šlóvė / -ė̃ ‘glory’, OCS slava ‘fame/glory/praise’ shows *H2. More metathesis in *k^laH2w- > *k^waH2l- > Cz. chvala ‘praise/glory’ (maybe with assimilation of *k^-x > *x-x, if H2 = x).
It is unlikely that Celtic would have unexpected *kl- > gl- in 2 words and loan them both into Latin, with no trace of Celtic origin (except in the minds of later linguists). This also might be at the stage *xr- > *xr- / *γr- if it also affected *Hr- :
*H3rew- > G. oroúō ‘rush forth / hurry’, L. ruō ‘hurry / rush / fall down / collapse / prostrate’, H. aruwai- ‘prostrate oneself’
*H3rew- > *xrew- > *γrew- > L. ingruō ‘attack’
This also might be seen in Hl- / gl- in other IE :
*gliy- > G. glía ‘glue’, Lyd. kλida- ‘earth / soil’, *glila- > H. halīna- ‘clay’
This includes *y > *ð = d in Lyd. and optional T > l in Anatolian (maybe all cases with *T > *ð > l, since ð / l is common in IE), like Lyd. antola / anlola ‘statue’; atra- / atla- ‘self’, *atar- > alarm- ‘-self’ (Yakubovich 2005).
A similar change might exist for *pl > bl (or *ptl > *bdl > bl) in *pyel- ‘shake’ > G. pelemízō ‘shake / cause to tremble’, p(t)ólemos ‘war’, pelemízō ‘shake / cause to tremble’, *p(t)elemaínō > blemeaínō ‘shake / rage / tremble (with emotion)’ (Whalen 2023).
With all these examples, similar ones for Cn- should be considered (though not all are certain or of as much value as above) :
for both, there is no reason to think one -o/e- is analogy with the other (and how could supposed *g^en(H1)- and *g^(e)n(o)H3- not be related, if their meanings overlapped so much anyway?). This could also be the origin of ‘name’, if the *H-(H)- was due to optional *H1-H1 > *H1-0: *g^n(o)H3H1-mn > *H3g^noH1-mn- = *RWg^noR^-mn- > *RWR^noR^-mn- > *(RW)R^noR^-mn- / *R^no-mn = *H3noH1-mn- / *H1no-mn / etc. This would explain both e- and o- in
*H1no(H3)-mn- ? > L. (g)nōmen, G. ónuma, Lac. énuma-, Arm. anun, Skt. nā́man-, TA ñom, TB ñem ‘name’
*kneygWh- > Go. hneiwan ‘bow’, H. kanniya- ‘crouch’, ikniyant- ‘lame’, L. connīveō ‘lower (the eyelids) > overlook’, nictō ‘wink’, *(g)ni(g)t- > nītor ‘lean / rest on’, gn- > nīxus ‘rested upon’ (possibly with some having *g-g dissimilation)
G. knídē ‘nettle’, *knid-taH2 ? > L. genista / genesta ‘broom’ (thorny plants with leaves could be used for brooms, sweeping, scraping)
Kloekhorst, Alwin (2012) The origin of the Lydian dat. sg. ending -λ
https://www.academia.edu/3204833
Vine, Brent (2018) On the treatment of PIE *ghR- in Latin
https://www.academia.edu/39154533
Whalen, Sean (2023)
https://www.reddit.com/etymology/comments/10d5w2z/greek_blemea%C3%ADn%C5%8D_become_angry_bear_oneself_proudly/
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Etymology of Rome, Italy, populus, pōpulus, P-P, w-w (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/116114267
Yakubovich, Ilya (2005) Lydian etymological notes
https://www.academia.edu/464258
Yakubovich, Ilya (2022) The Place of Lydian in the Anatolian Family through the Lens of Recent Research
https://www.academia.edu/99091216
Yamazaki, Yoko (2022) The prehistory of kláusti, klausýti, and their related forms revisited
https://www.academia.edu/96902633
submitted by stlatos to HistoricalLinguistics [link] [comments]
Vine sought a regular explanation for *ghr > gr- vs. *hr- > r-, *ghl- > gl- vs. l-, etc. in Latin. This includes :
*ghreHwo- > Gmc. *gra:waz > OHG gráo, E. grey, *ghrHwo- > L. rāvus ‘greyish yellow’, ravistellus / gravastellus ‘greybeard’
*ghreudo- > L. rūdus ‘gravel / rubble’, OE gréot ‘sand / grit’
*ghla(H2)d- > L. glaber ‘smooth’, OCS gladŭkŭ, OHG glat
*g^loH3-? > L. lūtum ‘yellow dye’
I do not see any reason for regularity here, mostly due to other examples of *kl- > gl-, etc. These have been seen as loans from unknown IE (sometimes Celtic), but their similarity to variation in l- / gl- above makes the same cause likely. This would be nothing more than optional voicing of many *CR- in Latin, assuming the timing was *gh > *kh, optional *k(h)l- > gl-, etc.
*klaH2d-? > *kald(h)- / *klad(h)- > R. kolóda ‘tree trunk’, G. kládos ‘branch’
*kladiHwo- > Cz. kladivo ‘hammer’, *kladiw(H)o- > OIr claideb ‘sword’, W. cleddyf, L. gladius
*k^lew(H)os- > OCS sluxŭ ‘hearing’, *xliuza- > OE hléor ‘cheek/face/countenance’, *klewazya: > L. glōria
The change of *ewH > *owa > ō regular like *rewH1maH2 > *rowama: > Rōma; *wogWhH1to- > *woxWato- > L. vōtus ‘vowed’, U. vufeto-; *mowHH1to- > *mowato- > L. mōtus, U. co-mohota (Whalen 2024a). Need for *H in *k^lew(H)- comes from *k^luHs- > OCS slyšati ‘hear’, *k^louHs- > Li. kláusti ‘ask questions’ (Yamazaki 2022) and apparent H-metathesis in *k^lewH2- > *k^laH2w- > TB -klāwi, Li. šlóvė / -ė̃ ‘glory’, OCS slava ‘fame/glory/praise’ shows *H2. More metathesis in *k^laH2w- > *k^waH2l- > Cz. chvala ‘praise/glory’ (maybe with assimilation of *k^-x > *x-x, if H2 = x).
It is unlikely that Celtic would have unexpected *kl- > gl- in 2 words and loan them both into Latin, with no trace of Celtic origin (except in the minds of later linguists). This also might be at the stage *xr- > *xr- / *γr- if it also affected *Hr- :
*H3rew- > G. oroúō ‘rush forth / hurry’, L. ruō ‘hurry / rush / fall down / collapse / prostrate’, H. aruwai- ‘prostrate oneself’
*H3rew- > *xrew- > *γrew- > L. ingruō ‘attack’
This also might be seen in Hl- / gl- in other IE :
*gliy- > G. glía ‘glue’, Lyd. kλida- ‘earth / soil’, *glila- > H. halīna- ‘clay’
This includes *y > *ð = d in Lyd. and optional T > l in Anatolian (maybe all cases with *T > *ð > l, since ð / l is common in IE), like Lyd. antola / anlola ‘statue’; atra- / atla- ‘self’, *atar- > alarm- ‘-self’ (Yakubovich 2005).
A similar change might exist for *pl > bl (or *ptl > *bdl > bl) in *pyel- ‘shake’ > G. pelemízō ‘shake / cause to tremble’, p(t)ólemos ‘war’, pelemízō ‘shake / cause to tremble’, *p(t)elemaínō > blemeaínō ‘shake / rage / tremble (with emotion)’ (Whalen 2023).
With all these examples, similar ones for Cn- should be considered (though not all are certain or of as much value as above) :
for both, there is no reason to think one -o/e- is analogy with the other (and how could supposed *g^en(H1)- and *g^(e)n(o)H3- not be related, if their meanings overlapped so much anyway?). This could also be the origin of ‘name’, if the *H-(H)- was due to optional *H1-H1 > *H1-0: *g^n(o)H3H1-mn > *H3g^noH1-mn- = *RWg^noR^-mn- > *RWR^noR^-mn- > *(RW)R^noR^-mn- / *R^no-mn = *H3noH1-mn- / *H1no-mn / etc. This would explain both e- and o- in
*H1no(H3)-mn- ? > L. (g)nōmen, G. ónuma, Lac. énuma-, Arm. anun, Skt. nā́man-, TA ñom, TB ñem ‘name’
*kneygWh- > Go. hneiwan ‘bow’, H. kanniya- ‘crouch’, ikniyant- ‘lame’, L. connīveō ‘lower (the eyelids) > overlook’, nictō ‘wink’, *(g)ni(g)t- > nītor ‘lean / rest on’, gn- > nīxus ‘rested upon’ (possibly with some having *g-g dissimilation)
G. knídē ‘nettle’, *knid-taH2 ? > L. genista / genesta ‘broom’ (thorny plants with leaves could be used for brooms, sweeping, scraping)
Kloekhorst, Alwin (2012) The origin of the Lydian dat. sg. ending -λ
https://www.academia.edu/3204833
Vine, Brent (2018) On the treatment of PIE *ghR- in Latin
https://www.academia.edu/39154533
Whalen, Sean (2023)
https://www.reddit.com/etymology/comments/10d5w2z/greek_blemea%C3%ADn%C5%8D_become_angry_bear_oneself_proudly/
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Etymology of Rome, Italy, populus, pōpulus, P-P, w-w (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/116114267
Yakubovich, Ilya (2005) Lydian etymological notes
https://www.academia.edu/464258
Yakubovich, Ilya (2022) The Place of Lydian in the Anatolian Family through the Lens of Recent Research
https://www.academia.edu/99091216
Yamazaki, Yoko (2022) The prehistory of kláusti, klausýti, and their related forms revisited
https://www.academia.edu/96902633
2024.05.25 00:07 stlatos Linear A (j)a-di-ki-te-te-du-pu2-re & pa-ta-da-du-pu2-re
https://www.academia.edu/119961230
Greek shows optional d > *ð > th / l AND l > d. For details of the cause, see (Whalen 2024b). Ex.:
d(h) > l
G. dáptō ‘devourend/tear’ >>
G. dáptēs ‘eater / bloodsucker (of gnats)’, Cretan thápta, Polyrrhenian látta ‘fly’
*meld- ‘soft’, *mld-ako- > G. malthakós / *-ll- > malakós ‘soft/weak/gentle’
*mórthokhos > mórokhthos / móroxos ‘pipe clay’ (which is soft, for short use; V-assimilation like malákhē / molókhē)
*H1leudh- > G. eleúthō ‘bring’, *ep(i)-Eludh- > ép-ēlus ‘immigrant / foreigner / stranger’, gen. ep-ḗludos
G. alṓpēx ‘fox’, *olabix > dia. thámix
Pontic G. thṓpekas \ thépekas >> Arm. t’epek, MArm. t’ep’ēk \ t’obek ‘jackal’
G. akanṓdēs ‘thistle-headed’
*ákanōdos > *ákanōthos > ákanthos ‘Acanthus mollis’
*ákanōthos > *káanōdos > keánōthos ‘corn-thistle / field thistle’
*dye:m > *dźö:m > *dða:n > Cr. Tā́n, Tēn-, Ttēn- ‘Zeus’, *tθö:n > *tlö:n > Tálōs / Tálōn
l > d
G. láphnē / dáphnē / daukhnā- ‘laurel’
Latin laurus seems related to G. daukh- / *laukh-, and is known to have *d(h) > l, also not regular (lingua, mīles, etc.). A very similarly named plant, daukhmós / daûkos ‘Athamanta cretensis’, from Crete, might show that d > l was common in Cretan dialects (thápta : látta). This matters by showing that labúrinthos has no change unknown for Greek, thus need not be foreign or “Pre-Greek”. It is very noticeable that many of these shifts appear in names from myths. If many of these came from stories told before the common of Ionians, etc., looking to these changes (and others known from odd dialects, like Cretan) could help in discovering their sources.
*molHo- > L. mola ‘millstone / grains of spelt (& salt)’, G. môda ‘barley meal’
G. Odusseús / Olutteus / Ōlixēs
G. *Poluleúkēs ‘very bright’ > Poludeúkēs ‘Pollux’ (like Sanskrit Purūrávas- ‘*very hot’)
G. kálathos ‘basket with narrow base / cooler (for wine), Arc. káthidos ‘water-jug’
LB *dapu2rinthos ‘palace’, G. labúrinthos ‘maze’
In myth, the Labyrinth of Knossos was a complex trap; excavations in Knossos later showed their palaces had complex architecture that suggested a source (no other large buildings are more likely to provide a historical basis). *dapu2rinthos is based on several Linear B words (Whalen 2024a). Valério interpreted them as gen. of places added to names of goddesses (a fairly common practice). These include.
da-pu2-ri-to-jo po-ti-ni-ja ‘lady of the palace / royal lady/queen/goddess?’
da-pu-ri-to[
In standard dictionaries Greek labúrinthos ‘maze’ is sometimes said to be derived from Lydian lábrus ‘double-edged ax’, first used for the mythical Labyrinth of King Minos, since such symbols were found in ancient Crete, a name of the royal palace (Mycenean Greek *dapu2rinthos). There is no evidence that lábrus >> labúrinthos is the truth, and the changes of d > l and l > d are found in other Greek words and must be native (rather than some unknown Pre-Greek substrate, which has been assumed before) since they are seen in G. words; dialect changes only. Since both Italic and Armenian (languages closely related to Greek, presumably spoken in the same area of Eastern Europe long ago) also have optional d / l and many Indo-European languages have similar changes, nothing clearly shows whether any word with d / l was Indo-European or not.
In many Iranian languages there’s d > ð > l, seen in *dhwor- >> Old Persian duvarthi ‘portico/colonnade’, *ðvar(ika) > Munji lǝvor / lǝvǝriko ‘rafter’, Bactrian albaro ‘court’, albargo ‘roof/beam’. These correspond to Slavic *dvoro- ‘court(yard)’, *dvorico- ‘palace’, and both the range of meanings and alternation of d / l seem very similar to labúrinthos / *dapu2rinthos (even breaking up *ðv- with a schwa is like Munji lǝvǝriko, and pu2 might have been for *fu or *vu ) so if this word originally referred to the Cretan palace (or a covered doorway / covered passage), borrowing from an Indo-European language, possibly even an ancient Cretan dialect (where d / th / l is already seen), would be the best choice. *o > u between P/KW and sonorant, so *dhwor- > *thwur- is known ( th / d in Crete, th > d in Mac.).
Also, the words in Linear A
(j)a-di-ki-te-te-du-pu2-re
&
pa-ta-da-du-pu2-re
strongly suggest the existence of compounds in du-pu2-re (*ð(u)vure). The first parts would match :
LA LB G
di-ka-tu di-ka-ta-jo Diktaîos
pa-i-to pa-i-to Phaistos
Since pa-ta-da-du-pu2-re was found near Phaistos, it seems highly likely that these were phrases for ‘palace of Phaistos’, ‘temple of (Mt.) Dikte’, or similar. This would require at explanation for apparent *adiktet-dvure and *phaistad-dvure showing affixes in -t (and assimilation of *-t-d > -d-d). If LA was Greek, the ablative case from PIE *-(H)d or *-(H)t would make sense. The abl. and gen. are often similar or identical in IE, and if distinct, the abl. deals with location and movement, just as would be the case here. For the existence of LA words ending in -e and -a matching G. -os, see (Whalen 2024c). An excerpt in Note (1). It is hard to imagine that a non-IE language would have such close matches, especially since both Phaistos and Dicte seem to be of IE origin.
Phaistós was likely named ‘shining’ after the bright white gypsum and alabaster of the palace, from phaeínō ‘shine’ (Whalen 2024c). The -n- vs. -s- is like phantós ‘visible’, since derivatives of -ain- verbs show either *nzC > nC or > sC (*gWhermn-ye- > G. thermaínō ‘heat’ >> *thermanź-tro- > thermástrā ‘furnace’), also *phain-ro- > phaidrós ‘bright’). Why would this resemble Greek, with a possible match in meaning? Why would LA contain ph- (or any other C, CC, VV, that existed in G. but would have no reason to in non-G.)? Why would it end in -o(C) in LA, when so few -o- existed, and very few -o in names? It seems like this shows that one dialect spoken on Crete contained *o, others mostly > *ö > e / > *ü > u. Why would -o be the mark of ONE word, ONE place, that also had -os in later Greek, and could easily be Greek? Before this discovery from LA, linguists would have had no problem deriving it from Greek. It is also always spelled pa-i-to when *ai was usually just written -a- in both LA and LB. In LB, this could serve to distinguish it from common Greek words that would otherwise appear the same, like panto-; could this also be true of LA? No other *pa-to to mistake it with seems to exist.
Mt. Dicte is supposedly named for the goddess Díktunna. If the meaning of ‘(goddess) of shooting (arrows)’ could be found, it would confirm this word’s IE origin. Maybe :
*yeH1(k)-? > L. iacere ‘throw’, *dia-yek- > G. dikeîn ‘throw’
If so, *dia- > adi- is possible to explain (j)a-di-ki-te-te-du-pu2-re, but since so many IE words known to be Greek also had folk etymological explanations within historical times, it could be that Dicte was no different. Many mountains were named by IE people with very basic words: ‘high’, ‘point’, ‘rock’, etc., often based *H2ak^-, used in words for ‘point’ or ‘pointed/sharp tool’. On Crete, an axe was also associated with royal palaces. Both these thoughts might lead to :
*H2ak^- ‘sharp’
*dhH1to- ‘made / something made / tool / object’
*H2ak^-dhH1to- ‘sharpened tool’ > *H2adhH1k^to- > *adekto-
*H2adhH1k^to- > *H2adhH1so- > OE adesa ‘ax(e)’, E. adz(e), Skt. van-ádhiti- ‘wooden ax’, H. ates(sa)- ‘metal ax/plate’
The cause of the oddities here: LA has many words with Ci, few with Ce, which would require a dialect of G. with variation of e / i (also found in myths, like Erekhtheús and Erikhthónios). If H1 = x^, H2 = x, *H2adhH1k^to- = *xadhx^k^to- > *adekto- would be regular, but other IE would simplify *x^k^ > *x^. The alternation of Ks / Kt(h) in IE is not of clear source, but certainly did exist (Whalen 2024d) :
L. secāre ‘to sever, cut off’ >> *sectus ‘division’ > sexus ‘sex (male/female)’ (similar to sectiō > section and segmentum > segment)
*weg^h-tlo- ‘carrying / propelling / sail / oar’ > L. *vexlom > vēlum ‘sail’, *+lo- > vexillum ‘flag’, *vestlo > OCS veslo ‘oar’
*H3otk^u- > G. ōkús / *-kt- > G. oxús ‘swift’, Skt. āśú-; OW di-auc ‘lazy’; L. acu-pedius, acci-piter
*wotk^u- > H. watku-zi ‘jump/leap (out of) / flee’, Arm. ostem / ostnum ‘leap/jump/skip / spring at / rush forward’
(1)
*ö and *ü, them being from the same source, and their old but restricted nature could be seen in evidence from LA. A long list of words that seem very similar, and most are long or complex enough to be unlikely to resemble each other due to chance, is given (Younger, Davis & Valério, Packard) and compiled below. Most are personal names (of men), or likely to be so, with some others certainly places:
LA LB
PN (?)
a-ra-na-re a-ra-na-ro
a-re-sa-na a-re-sa-ni-e
a-sa-rja a-sa-ro
a-su-ja a-si-wi-ja
a-ta-re a-ta-ro
a-ti-ka a-ti-ka
a-ti-ru a-ti-ro
da-i-pi-ta da-i-pi-ta
di-de-ru di-de-ro
du-phu-re du-phu-ra-zo
i-ja-te i-ja-te
i-ku-ta i-ku-to
i-ta-ja i-ta-ja
ja-mi-da-re ja-ma-ta-ro
ka-nu-ti ka-nu-ta-jo
ka-sa-ru wa-du-ka-sa-ro
ki-da-ro ki-da-ro
ku-pha-na-tu ka-pha-na-to
ku-ru-ku ku-ru-ka
ma-di ma-di
ma-si-du ma-si-dwo
mi-ja-ru mi-ja-ro
pa-ja-re pa-ja-ro
qa-qa-ru qa-qa-ro
qe-rja-wa qa-rja-wo
qe-rja-u
ra-ri-de ra-ri-di-jo
sa-ma-ro sa-ma-ru
si-ki-ra si-ki-ro
si-mi-ta si-mi-te-u
si-da-re si-ta-ro
ta-na-ti ta-na-ti
te-ja-re te-ja-ro
wa-du-na ?? wa-du-na
wa-du-ni-mi wa-du-na-ro
end, compounds? (see many wa-du- above supporting this)
*tar(ar)ö-
ja-mi-da-re ja-ma-ta-ro
si-da-re si-ta-ro
mi-ru-ta-ra-re da-i-ta-ra-ro
*kasarö-
ka-sa-ru wa-du-ka-sa-ro
places?
da-mi-nu da-mi-ni-jo ??
da-u-49 da-wo Ayia Triada?
i-da Mt. Ida
ku-wō-ni ku-do-ni-ja Cydonia
ka-u-wō-ni
ku-ta[ ku-ta-to
pa-i-to pa-i-to Phaistos
su-ki-ri-ta su-ki-ri-ta Sybrita / Sygrita (now Thronos)
tu-ri-sa Tylissos
adj. < TN ?
di-ka-tu di-ka-ta-jo Diktaîos
ka-u-de-ta ka-u-da Kaûda \ Klaûda, *Kaudētās
Almost all personal names of men in LA end in -u / -e, and have LB matches with -o ( = G. -os ). Why would this be so? If LA were non-Greek, non-IE, its masculine words (if it had such categories) could end in any V, and why not C? No a priori knowledge says that final C’s were unimportant in LA, or written as seldom as in LB (Greek). If many ended in various C’s, it could be determined by seeing if an unusual number ended in C1V1-C2V1 as a means of spelling this. It is Greek (and IE in general) in which V-stems, mostly o-stems, would be expected. Why would most names not end in -a, if this was the most common V in non-IE? This seems to show that the less common -a names are for women (since these records suggest compulsory service, such as working farms or military service), like G. -a / -ā / -ē. How could LA show any resemblance of this type, let alone one that matches LB with *yo > *yö / *yü ? It seems to me that the change seen in LB was more common in LA, affecting unstressed *o also (or similar), these *ö also optionally > *ü, just as in LB. How else could these endings be so common?
Valério, Miguel (2017) Λαβύρινθος and word-initial lambdacism in Anatolian Greek
https://www.academia.edu/23071063
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Cretan Elements in Linear B, Part Five: Are labúrinthos and da-pu2-ri-to-jo Related? (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114792712
Whalen, Sean (2024b) Greek Variation of l / d / th / z, z / y / l, d / b in Context with Indo-European r / l / d(h) / z, d(h) / b(h) (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114443926
Whalen, Sean (2024c) Cretan Elements in Linear B, Part Two: *y > z, *o > u, LB *129, LAB *65, Minoan Names (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114878588
Whalen, Sean (2024d) Indo-European *metH2 ‘among’, Greek méspha ‘(in the) meantime’ (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/117613006
submitted by stlatos to HistoricalLinguistics [link] [comments]
Greek shows optional d > *ð > th / l AND l > d. For details of the cause, see (Whalen 2024b). Ex.:
d(h) > l
G. dáptō ‘devourend/tear’ >>
G. dáptēs ‘eater / bloodsucker (of gnats)’, Cretan thápta, Polyrrhenian látta ‘fly’
*meld- ‘soft’, *mld-ako- > G. malthakós / *-ll- > malakós ‘soft/weak/gentle’
*mórthokhos > mórokhthos / móroxos ‘pipe clay’ (which is soft, for short use; V-assimilation like malákhē / molókhē)
*H1leudh- > G. eleúthō ‘bring’, *ep(i)-Eludh- > ép-ēlus ‘immigrant / foreigner / stranger’, gen. ep-ḗludos
G. alṓpēx ‘fox’, *olabix > dia. thámix
Pontic G. thṓpekas \ thépekas >> Arm. t’epek, MArm. t’ep’ēk \ t’obek ‘jackal’
G. akanṓdēs ‘thistle-headed’
*ákanōdos > *ákanōthos > ákanthos ‘Acanthus mollis’
*ákanōthos > *káanōdos > keánōthos ‘corn-thistle / field thistle’
*dye:m > *dźö:m > *dða:n > Cr. Tā́n, Tēn-, Ttēn- ‘Zeus’, *tθö:n > *tlö:n > Tálōs / Tálōn
l > d
G. láphnē / dáphnē / daukhnā- ‘laurel’
Latin laurus seems related to G. daukh- / *laukh-, and is known to have *d(h) > l, also not regular (lingua, mīles, etc.). A very similarly named plant, daukhmós / daûkos ‘Athamanta cretensis’, from Crete, might show that d > l was common in Cretan dialects (thápta : látta). This matters by showing that labúrinthos has no change unknown for Greek, thus need not be foreign or “Pre-Greek”. It is very noticeable that many of these shifts appear in names from myths. If many of these came from stories told before the common of Ionians, etc., looking to these changes (and others known from odd dialects, like Cretan) could help in discovering their sources.
*molHo- > L. mola ‘millstone / grains of spelt (& salt)’, G. môda ‘barley meal’
G. Odusseús / Olutteus / Ōlixēs
G. *Poluleúkēs ‘very bright’ > Poludeúkēs ‘Pollux’ (like Sanskrit Purūrávas- ‘*very hot’)
G. kálathos ‘basket with narrow base / cooler (for wine), Arc. káthidos ‘water-jug’
LB *dapu2rinthos ‘palace’, G. labúrinthos ‘maze’
In myth, the Labyrinth of Knossos was a complex trap; excavations in Knossos later showed their palaces had complex architecture that suggested a source (no other large buildings are more likely to provide a historical basis). *dapu2rinthos is based on several Linear B words (Whalen 2024a). Valério interpreted them as gen. of places added to names of goddesses (a fairly common practice). These include.
da-pu2-ri-to-jo po-ti-ni-ja ‘lady of the palace / royal lady/queen/goddess?’
da-pu-ri-to[
In standard dictionaries Greek labúrinthos ‘maze’ is sometimes said to be derived from Lydian lábrus ‘double-edged ax’, first used for the mythical Labyrinth of King Minos, since such symbols were found in ancient Crete, a name of the royal palace (Mycenean Greek *dapu2rinthos). There is no evidence that lábrus >> labúrinthos is the truth, and the changes of d > l and l > d are found in other Greek words and must be native (rather than some unknown Pre-Greek substrate, which has been assumed before) since they are seen in G. words; dialect changes only. Since both Italic and Armenian (languages closely related to Greek, presumably spoken in the same area of Eastern Europe long ago) also have optional d / l and many Indo-European languages have similar changes, nothing clearly shows whether any word with d / l was Indo-European or not.
In many Iranian languages there’s d > ð > l, seen in *dhwor- >> Old Persian duvarthi ‘portico/colonnade’, *ðvar(ika) > Munji lǝvor / lǝvǝriko ‘rafter’, Bactrian albaro ‘court’, albargo ‘roof/beam’. These correspond to Slavic *dvoro- ‘court(yard)’, *dvorico- ‘palace’, and both the range of meanings and alternation of d / l seem very similar to labúrinthos / *dapu2rinthos (even breaking up *ðv- with a schwa is like Munji lǝvǝriko, and pu2 might have been for *fu or *vu ) so if this word originally referred to the Cretan palace (or a covered doorway / covered passage), borrowing from an Indo-European language, possibly even an ancient Cretan dialect (where d / th / l is already seen), would be the best choice. *o > u between P/KW and sonorant, so *dhwor- > *thwur- is known ( th / d in Crete, th > d in Mac.).
Also, the words in Linear A
(j)a-di-ki-te-te-du-pu2-re
&
pa-ta-da-du-pu2-re
strongly suggest the existence of compounds in du-pu2-re (*ð(u)vure). The first parts would match :
LA LB G
di-ka-tu di-ka-ta-jo Diktaîos
pa-i-to pa-i-to Phaistos
Since pa-ta-da-du-pu2-re was found near Phaistos, it seems highly likely that these were phrases for ‘palace of Phaistos’, ‘temple of (Mt.) Dikte’, or similar. This would require at explanation for apparent *adiktet-dvure and *phaistad-dvure showing affixes in -t (and assimilation of *-t-d > -d-d). If LA was Greek, the ablative case from PIE *-(H)d or *-(H)t would make sense. The abl. and gen. are often similar or identical in IE, and if distinct, the abl. deals with location and movement, just as would be the case here. For the existence of LA words ending in -e and -a matching G. -os, see (Whalen 2024c). An excerpt in Note (1). It is hard to imagine that a non-IE language would have such close matches, especially since both Phaistos and Dicte seem to be of IE origin.
Phaistós was likely named ‘shining’ after the bright white gypsum and alabaster of the palace, from phaeínō ‘shine’ (Whalen 2024c). The -n- vs. -s- is like phantós ‘visible’, since derivatives of -ain- verbs show either *nzC > nC or > sC (*gWhermn-ye- > G. thermaínō ‘heat’ >> *thermanź-tro- > thermástrā ‘furnace’), also *phain-ro- > phaidrós ‘bright’). Why would this resemble Greek, with a possible match in meaning? Why would LA contain ph- (or any other C, CC, VV, that existed in G. but would have no reason to in non-G.)? Why would it end in -o(C) in LA, when so few -o- existed, and very few -o in names? It seems like this shows that one dialect spoken on Crete contained *o, others mostly > *ö > e / > *ü > u. Why would -o be the mark of ONE word, ONE place, that also had -os in later Greek, and could easily be Greek? Before this discovery from LA, linguists would have had no problem deriving it from Greek. It is also always spelled pa-i-to when *ai was usually just written -a- in both LA and LB. In LB, this could serve to distinguish it from common Greek words that would otherwise appear the same, like panto-; could this also be true of LA? No other *pa-to to mistake it with seems to exist.
Mt. Dicte is supposedly named for the goddess Díktunna. If the meaning of ‘(goddess) of shooting (arrows)’ could be found, it would confirm this word’s IE origin. Maybe :
*yeH1(k)-? > L. iacere ‘throw’, *dia-yek- > G. dikeîn ‘throw’
If so, *dia- > adi- is possible to explain (j)a-di-ki-te-te-du-pu2-re, but since so many IE words known to be Greek also had folk etymological explanations within historical times, it could be that Dicte was no different. Many mountains were named by IE people with very basic words: ‘high’, ‘point’, ‘rock’, etc., often based *H2ak^-, used in words for ‘point’ or ‘pointed/sharp tool’. On Crete, an axe was also associated with royal palaces. Both these thoughts might lead to :
*H2ak^- ‘sharp’
*dhH1to- ‘made / something made / tool / object’
*H2ak^-dhH1to- ‘sharpened tool’ > *H2adhH1k^to- > *adekto-
*H2adhH1k^to- > *H2adhH1so- > OE adesa ‘ax(e)’, E. adz(e), Skt. van-ádhiti- ‘wooden ax’, H. ates(sa)- ‘metal ax/plate’
The cause of the oddities here: LA has many words with Ci, few with Ce, which would require a dialect of G. with variation of e / i (also found in myths, like Erekhtheús and Erikhthónios). If H1 = x^, H2 = x, *H2adhH1k^to- = *xadhx^k^to- > *adekto- would be regular, but other IE would simplify *x^k^ > *x^. The alternation of Ks / Kt(h) in IE is not of clear source, but certainly did exist (Whalen 2024d) :
L. secāre ‘to sever, cut off’ >> *sectus ‘division’ > sexus ‘sex (male/female)’ (similar to sectiō > section and segmentum > segment)
*weg^h-tlo- ‘carrying / propelling / sail / oar’ > L. *vexlom > vēlum ‘sail’, *+lo- > vexillum ‘flag’, *vestlo > OCS veslo ‘oar’
*H3otk^u- > G. ōkús / *-kt- > G. oxús ‘swift’, Skt. āśú-; OW di-auc ‘lazy’; L. acu-pedius, acci-piter
*wotk^u- > H. watku-zi ‘jump/leap (out of) / flee’, Arm. ostem / ostnum ‘leap/jump/skip / spring at / rush forward’
(1)
*ö and *ü, them being from the same source, and their old but restricted nature could be seen in evidence from LA. A long list of words that seem very similar, and most are long or complex enough to be unlikely to resemble each other due to chance, is given (Younger, Davis & Valério, Packard) and compiled below. Most are personal names (of men), or likely to be so, with some others certainly places:
LA LB
PN (?)
a-ra-na-re a-ra-na-ro
a-re-sa-na a-re-sa-ni-e
a-sa-rja a-sa-ro
a-su-ja a-si-wi-ja
a-ta-re a-ta-ro
a-ti-ka a-ti-ka
a-ti-ru a-ti-ro
da-i-pi-ta da-i-pi-ta
di-de-ru di-de-ro
du-phu-re du-phu-ra-zo
i-ja-te i-ja-te
i-ku-ta i-ku-to
i-ta-ja i-ta-ja
ja-mi-da-re ja-ma-ta-ro
ka-nu-ti ka-nu-ta-jo
ka-sa-ru wa-du-ka-sa-ro
ki-da-ro ki-da-ro
ki-do-roku-pha-nu ka-pha-no
ku-pha-na-tu ka-pha-na-to
ku-pa-nu-we-toku-ku-da-ra ku-ka-da-ro
ku-ru-ku ku-ru-ka
ma-di ma-di
ma-si-du ma-si-dwo
mi-ja-ru mi-ja-ro
pa-ja-re pa-ja-ro
qa-qa-ru qa-qa-ro
qe-rja-wa qa-rja-wo
qe-rja-u
ra-ri-de ra-ri-di-jo
sa-ma-ro sa-ma-ru
sa-ma-ri-jo sa-ma-rase-to-i-ja se-to-i-ja
si-ki-ra si-ki-ro
si-mi-ta si-mi-te-u
si-da-re si-ta-ro
ta-na-ti ta-na-ti
te-ja-re te-ja-ro
wa-du-na ?? wa-du-na
wa-du-ni-mi wa-du-na-ro
wa-du-ka-sa-ro wa-du-\[?\]-towi-ra-re-mi-te we-ru-ma-ta
end, compounds? (see many wa-du- above supporting this)
*tar(ar)ö-
ja-mi-da-re ja-ma-ta-ro
si-da-re si-ta-ro
mi-ru-ta-ra-re da-i-ta-ra-ro
*kasarö-
ka-sa-ru wa-du-ka-sa-ro
places?
da-mi-nu da-mi-ni-jo ??
da-u-49 da-wo Ayia Triada?
i-da Mt. Ida
ku-wō-ni ku-do-ni-ja Cydonia
ka-u-wō-ni
ku-ta[ ku-ta-to
pa-i-to pa-i-to Phaistos
su-ki-ri-ta su-ki-ri-ta Sybrita / Sygrita (now Thronos)
tu-ri-sa Tylissos
adj. < TN ?
di-ka-tu di-ka-ta-jo Diktaîos
ka-u-de-ta ka-u-da Kaûda \ Klaûda, *Kaudētās
Almost all personal names of men in LA end in -u / -e, and have LB matches with -o ( = G. -os ). Why would this be so? If LA were non-Greek, non-IE, its masculine words (if it had such categories) could end in any V, and why not C? No a priori knowledge says that final C’s were unimportant in LA, or written as seldom as in LB (Greek). If many ended in various C’s, it could be determined by seeing if an unusual number ended in C1V1-C2V1 as a means of spelling this. It is Greek (and IE in general) in which V-stems, mostly o-stems, would be expected. Why would most names not end in -a, if this was the most common V in non-IE? This seems to show that the less common -a names are for women (since these records suggest compulsory service, such as working farms or military service), like G. -a / -ā / -ē. How could LA show any resemblance of this type, let alone one that matches LB with *yo > *yö / *yü ? It seems to me that the change seen in LB was more common in LA, affecting unstressed *o also (or similar), these *ö also optionally > *ü, just as in LB. How else could these endings be so common?
Valério, Miguel (2017) Λαβύρινθος and word-initial lambdacism in Anatolian Greek
https://www.academia.edu/23071063
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Cretan Elements in Linear B, Part Five: Are labúrinthos and da-pu2-ri-to-jo Related? (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114792712
Whalen, Sean (2024b) Greek Variation of l / d / th / z, z / y / l, d / b in Context with Indo-European r / l / d(h) / z, d(h) / b(h) (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114443926
Whalen, Sean (2024c) Cretan Elements in Linear B, Part Two: *y > z, *o > u, LB *129, LAB *65, Minoan Names (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114878588
Whalen, Sean (2024d) Indo-European *metH2 ‘among’, Greek méspha ‘(in the) meantime’ (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/117613006
2024.05.24 23:10 Diotoiren [MODPOST] [CRISIS] Our World / / His Majesty Sees
An Interlude To Coming Chaos
2050-04-25The boy-that-had-become-an-Emperor touched the cold, withered hand of the bedridden old man. Glancing at the sleeping face of the King, Hisahito felt tears welling in his eyes. “Grandfather,” he murmured softly, choking back sobs.
“I’m home.”
I am in the graceful rush, of far off birdsCarl opened his eyes and smiled. “About damn time,” the man said, good-naturedly. He glanced at the two Witnesses that had been flanking his bedside. “I don’t suppose I could ask you boys for some help?”
In circling flight.
I am the Starshine of the night.
The Jew and Greek nodded, each man taking one of Carl’s arms and lifting him out of the hospital bed. They took a short moment to steady the old man, eventually allowing him to stand on his own two feet.
“Oh that feels good!” Carl exclaimed, deeply surprised. “I feel younger than I have in years.” The former King turned back for a short moment, glancing at the weeping frame of the Emperor of Japan. “Will the boy be alright?” he asked, giving them a concerned look.
“With enough time,” Dolikhós stated. “But you need no longer concern yourself with that eventuality. You will have time immeasurable, whereas his shall remain finite.”
Carl nodded. “I suppose I was always going to leave him behind,” the former monarch said. “But hopefully I leave him in good hands.”
““His Faith is yet to be tested,” Joseph replied. “His Empire is one built on countless deaths and immeasurable decay. He has joined his flesh to the Whore of Babylon, and his servants carry out atrocities immeasurable without his knowing.” The Jew’s expression grew hard. “It remains to be seen if his spirit will escape the flames of the coming Judgement.”
“A shame,” Carl murmured. “When I told him to bring me plenty of Japanese grandchildren, I never expected he’d go there. So I feel a little responsible for his predicament.”
“When he looks upon the face of his Creator, he cannot say ‘But I was told by others to do thus’ or that ‘virtue was not convenient at the time’,” Dolikhós stated. “But that will be his burden to bear, not yours.”
M: Credit, King_of_anything, "Angels of Mercy: The King is Dead", (/Worldpowers: April 27, 2022).
YEAR UNKNOWNHe held his hand out, the sound of crashing water at his feet the first thing he noticed as the lifting fog revealed a never ending coastline of sand and surf. If not for the man, tall and with snow-white hair standing further along the water's edge he would have been stuck in a daze, transfixed in his position.
"What's wrong, my boy?" The high-Swedish rolled off the old man's tongue so cleanly, not like it had when the old King's ragged breath dared each word that was uttered all those decades ago. "You coming over here?"
How could he refuse? Even in his shock, his eyes growing wide for just a moment, he could not help his body moving forward. "I know this is just a dream." The first words he had said upon waking in this world. "An illusion...one my mind and memories have created for me."
His own words, danced across the water in it's accented creole, a Scandinavian language born amidst the rise of the Nordic state. Yet he knew the old man would have no trouble understanding him.
"What's this? So sure of what you see now, so quick to logic." The old man was far more emotive now than he ever had been, years spent with the energetic Princess would do that to a man, after all. "But to think you'd reign so long with your responsibility...even signs of aging, too much stress it seems." It wasn't surprise, but an appreciation that now glowed across the old man's face as he stepped closer.
"Life continues...even as those around us pass on." It was the man's turn now for contemplation. "Perhaps...I've changed, certainly...I've made mistakes, so much needless suffering..."
The old man's face softened in sadness, as he looked into the eyes of the man before him who had in times long past, stood before him as a boy, so unsure of himself.
"The one thing I can say, though...is that it's still not my time to stand alongside you." The man's face lit up as a wave of determination crashed over him. "Because I reckon...that the sufferings of this present time, will not be worthy to be compared with the glory that shall be revealed to us."
A smile broke across the old man's face, as he recognized the Romans passage now being spoken to him. And as the two stared at one another, eyes meeting as equals for the first time, they both in this world of a dream found themselves distracted for a moment as a boy ran between them.
"Besides, he..." The man looked to the boy now running in the distance. "He's not yet ready for this journey."
"I see." The old man smiled, a recognition shared by those with the same experiences. "Then I, as merely a dream in passing, shall dare to ask this...Hisahito, has your journey been fulfilling thus far?" The old man's smile reached from ear to ear, as he saw the faintest of tears begin to well up on the man's face.
"Yeah." The Emperor of Japan's tears began to fall, as a smile crept onto his own face. "Of course...Grandfather."
TRANSCRIPT: A World Only He Sees
DIRECT IMPERIAL COMMUNICATION
RECORDED: December 2nd, 2069 - Continued Excerpts
CLASSIFIED
On record participants
His Imperial Majesty - HisahitoHer Imperial Majesty - Viktoria
His Imperial Highness - Masahito
Her Imperial Highness - Kyōko
Her Imperial Highness - Alice
Secretary of the Interior - Ishida Tori
Secretary of Foreign Affairs - Kamisato Ayaka
Secretary of Stability - Jirō
Imperial Liaison of the IGH - Ijūin Gorō
Ret. Prime Minister Ishikawa Rei
Ret. Prime Minister Nakano Kanna
Ret. Prime Minister Forusutā Furokku
Ret. Minister for Foreign Affairs Jacqueline Reid
Prime Minister (OCE) - Steve Lachlan
Ret. Prime Minister (UNSC) Sanna Marin
Minutes 48:00 to 56:00
Kamisato: With everyone now back from the recess, let us please welcome retired Prime Minister of the UNSC, and personal friend to many of us, Sanna Marin to the meeting.
Kamisato: Sanna Marin will be acting as our UNSC representative, with approval from the broader Council.
NOTE: Greetings and niceties shared for over 2 minutes.
Kamisato: Despite the misgivings of some of those in this room, and the disputes over the intention, the Alfheim Question is only part of the reason we all have been summoned here today.
Kyōko: And what would be that second part? Normally we get a briefing for everything, so what gives?
Kamisato: Yes, your Highness, normally briefings are issued for all talking points of Imperial Council meetings. However, in this instance, His Imperial Majesty requested that no briefing be issued.
NOTE: Room gets quiet, gazes noticeably turn towards His Imperial Majesty the Emperor of Japan. Her Imperial Highness the Empress Viktoria is noted as requesting and being denied a brief conversation in private with His Imperial Majesty.
Masahito: Well, Father?
Hisahito: Following discussions with both Jirō and Ishikawa, I have determined that it is time for Japan to temporarily end our period of self-isolation.
Alice: About time! This is wonderful news, finally, maybe we can even begin opening up visa-restricted travel...
Lachlan: I have to agree with Her Imperial Highness, the Princess Alice on this matter.
NOTE: Hisahito holds up his hand, for silence.
Hisahito: That is not...why we are ending the self imposed isolation. But, I believe it is best that I allow Jirō to explain.
Jirō: Thank you. As His Imperial Majesty has stated, the time for our period of isolation has come to an end, if only temporarily. However, while the recent Alfheimr revelations are worrying, certainly. They pale in comparison to recent events that have...struck like a shockwave, and have been compounded by the increasing evidence being presented to the Ministry of Stability.
Ishida Tori: And what exactly are these shockwaves, that are so strong and yet have not been felt by my own office in the Interior?
Jirō: I was getting to that. If you all would recall, it has come to our attention that the Houston Republic leaving our axis of influence...was not just a consequence of an erratic President Jones. A review of the incident by my office, had already led us towards a possible conclusion. However, it was confirmed when, only a month ago, forces of the Imperial Buccaneers encountered and then subsequently captured foreign special services on one of our inter-solar system asteroid mines.
Reid: What State are these supposed operatives said to belong too? And how did none of our offices here of this? Gorō did the IGH know about this?
Gorō: No, Ma'am. This is the first I or anyone in the IGH is hearing of this, I assure you.
Jirō: It was kept under wraps...we had no choice, given the revelations.
Alice: And what revelation would that be?
Jirō: There is an international plot to bring down the Empire, the Canadians, the Bandung, Caliphate, the Russians, and yes...even Alfheim...all involved.
NOTE: Unintelligible uproar lasts for approx 6 minutes.
Minutes 76:00 to 80:00
Nakano: So, Your Imperial Majesty, what does this mean? We've seen plots before, we've been the subject of them...Ishikawa knows that better than any of us.
Hisahito: We are not coming out of isolation to reopen ourselves to the world.
Alice: Then what?
Hisahito: We are coming out of isolation to end this plot, and those behind it.
Ishikawa: No weak links.
Put to Rest: The Death of Dederick Von Lohengrin
Somewhere over the Pacific Ocean, in a ZEHST-1There was a storm over the Pacific, one not unnatural for this time of the year, it was after all, late December. And as the King of Europe looked out the window of this magnificent flying whale, he couldn't help but speculate why he was flying, alone for that matter to the Empire of Japan. It was his sister who called him, said it was a special occasion, a surprise party for his favorite niece because of some promotion. Apparently, her husband had words that also needed to be shared privately, and that is what had been not sitting well in his mind. But, he knew he was safe, his people back in Wewelsburg knew why and where he was going.
"Pilot, how long until we get there?" Dederick found it odd as he looked out his window, seeing the Academy pass so far below the ZEHST. He found it even odder, when the lights in the cabin dimmed and the Pilot, gave no response. Getting out of his seat, the turbulence was almost enough to send him crashing back into his chair. Steadying himself as he walked along the dimly lit pathway towards the cockpit, he couldn't help but feel as if he was in some fever dream.
"Pilot, do you not answer the Aesir when he calls?" Dederick opened the door to the cockpit, the rain crashing on the vast windows now before him. "What the fu..."
His mouth dropped open, sitting facing him, a hologram of his sister.
"Hello...brother mine." Viktoria's words felt like shards of ice, even if she wasn't actually there.
"Sister, what is going on?" Dederick had never felt panic, it wasn't in his genetic makeup. But, he could feel a pit growing in his stomach, like a cancer, as he looked at his sister.
"I did try...I promise you. But, this was the best I could do." Viktoria had tears streaming down her cheeks. "There was no other choice...it was this, or..."
Her voice trailed off as she recollected her thoughts..."Officially, it will be listed as an accident. A freak storm over the Pacific, maybe, remnants of earlier cloud seeding in the season. But I will know the truth, others will too, one day..."
"Viktoria, what are you talking about?" Dederick's voice betrayed himself, growing increasingly shrill as colors he'd never seen before began to appear outside the aircraft.
"I'm sorry, little brother." Viktoria closed her eyes as she turned once more to face her brother. "But...this is goodbye. The Empire will be in good hands, I promise."
The next thing Dederick knew, he was being thrust to the floor as explosions began to sound off across the aircraft.
Take the Hand: The Betrayal of the Russian goliath
Tenkyō, the Imperial Capital / / Approximately 20 minutes after conferenceThere was a cool wind blowing through the streets of the Imperial Capital, it was reminiscent of home for the retired Nordic Prime Minister, certainly should have been refreshing. And yet, Sanna Marin's hands still had tremors, her forehead for the first time in a long time, twitching with anxiety as she held the phone to her ear waiting for the caller to pick up on the other side.
"Hello? Sanna? Are you there?" It was the voice of a once younger Finn whose sing-song Creole danced across the lines of the phone "How did things go, what was so important they needed one of us there today?"
"Emmi...it's bad." Sanna's voice broke as she continued walking towards the car, waiting for her.
"What happened in there? is everything all right? Are you okay?" Emmi's voice raised as she strained to hear the retired Prime Minister over the wind and city traffic.
"The Emperor...he's..." Sanna gulped, her mouth so dry making it a struggle. "He's gone mad."
Sanna nearly hit her head as she tucked into the car, everything was twisting now from her stomach to her mind.
"I've gotta get back to the UNSC, things are about to get out of hand..." Sanna continued on, Emmi trying her best to get even a single word in.
"What are you talking about? Sanna you haven't told me what happened, is the Emperor ok? Was there an attack?" Emmi was basically yelling now as the confusion became audible.
Sanna had finally gotten to sit down, as the car spun off to the nearest Diplomats airport. Her own breathing, slowing now, as she closed her eyes for a moment.
"They are coming after it all." Sanna's hand was calm now, the tremor abating as her instincts kicked in. "The Alfr, Russia, the Caliphate...even the Pact."
"Woah, woah...what do you mean? Is there going to be war?" Sanna could tell that Emmi was beginning to kick into high gear, she could hear more than one conversation in the background as the UNSC's administrator began making calls.
"Apparently there was an attack, about a month ago on some Japanese asteroid base. Said the Bandung had something to do with it, conspiring with the Alfr of all people?" Sanna's words seemed unbelievable, even to herself as one who heard it all. "I don't think there is going to be war...but, the sun is rising, I can see it."
"I'll gather the councils...someone needs to tell Valdemar." Emmi's voice was equally somber now, as the realizations began to set in.
"I'm not sure what's going to happen...but, I do know that I'd hate to be the Nusantarans right about now." Sanna shook her head, mourning what was to come.
Go ahead, Roar: But we've got a Railgun pointed at you're Heart
Sometime after the Conference
It was quiet in the office, or maybe its just how every Japanese office seemed to operate. It was hard to tell, for Agus Harimurti Yudhoyono, or Agus to tell, but it wasn't anything like home. In the offices of the Yang di-Pertuan's before him, it had always been bustling, Joko? Well his office was basically a party in comparison to all this library silence. The silence was only broken when the door to the office swung open and much surprise to this aging Pertuan, in walked a Retired Japanese Prime Minister.
"Honorable Ishikawa...I wasn't expecting you of all people to greet me here." The two embraced as despite their countries histories, they had still known each other for decades. "You must be why its so quiet in here, scared everyone off."
The two exchanged laughs as they each took their seat, and if it wasn't for the Five Principles gnawing at the Pertuan's mind, he may have even enjoyed these moments. But there was something off with Ishikawa, with all of Japan, he could tell.
"It has been, a very long time. I am glad to see such a familiar face." They where both former military men, both at one time ruled their respective countries. They'd both been here before. "So, what harmony can I bring unto you? My dear friend."
"They had wanted to make an example of you." There was pain in Ishikawa's eyes, these two had fought the War of Justice together as allies. "We know what your country has done."
Confusion, shock, a tinge of fear shot through the aging politician sat across from the Retired Japanese PM. "I beg your pardon?"
"The attack on our base...the plot, against Japan. Did you really think you could pull it off without us knowing?" Ishikawa watched the Indonesian intently, however he wasn't waiting for a response. "We had always expected...the Chinese, the Americans, all of them to come after us. Even the War of Divine Justice...was, not unexpected. But this? From your people? It hurts, Agus, it hurts."
"Ishikawa! I have absolutely no idea what you are talking about." There was honesty pouring out of the Indonesian Pertuan, so pure that even a blind man could have seen it. "Since the dawn of the Hyperstate, Nusantara has always upheld harmony in Asia, these allegations, are surely unfounded!"
"I assure you minister, these claims are very much founded on the truth." Ishikawa spoke so coldly, as the emotion was stripped from the room. "It seems that the funambulist finally made a choice. I am so sorry to see, that you have chosen wrong."
"So what? You'll come for us now on baseless claims and accusations?" There was anger, not even reasoning anymore from Agus of Indonesia. "The Bandung Pact won't tolerate thi..."
"Look." Ishikawa cut the Indonesian off, as he pointed towards a monitor which showed an iron rain across Jakarta and mass tsunamis along Indonesia's coasts. "Millions would die, before the Pact could even muster a fleet. And when they finally did come...there would be no one left to save."
The shock was palpable from the Indonesian minister, as he watched a simulation on the screen.
"Fortunately, Pancasila is pragmatic in nature." Ishikawa leaned forward as his eyes turned dark. "So I want you to remember, when you leave this office and receive our requests. I want you to remember all of this."
"What?" Agus spoke in anger and fear, as he listened to the ice cold words of the Japanese Prime Minister who brought down America.
"Remember the railgun pointed at you're heart."
- Much of the above canon, is secret and will not be known by any claim. This however, provides important story-context for the Campaign Narrative.
- The CANON as in (believed IG by everyone) reason for Dederick's death, was a freak accident and subsequent crash into the Pacific Ocean. They are not aware of any Japanese involvement, further, any holes in the story/theories contrary from an IG perspective will be disregarded by your broader populations/governments, etcetera. This is explained due to the fact that either your claim/people hated Dederick enough not to care about anything but celebrating his death - or have been too busy dealing with the fallout of the Alfr Empire. Even the Post-Alfr claims believe it was an accident.
- Thank Elysian for coming up with one of our Campaign Slogans, "Railgun pointed to the heart"
CLAIM REVEAL: THE WORLD SEES
Note, the [CLAIM SUBMISSION THREAD] will feature a map with color-coded ID's for each claim.Canada
- DETAILS
- Head of State: Claimant is going to be mid-election so free pick.
- Other Important Characters (meta control)
- Population: 124,854,262
- Claim Starting Allotments (IE. Special Starting Scenario)
- Claim starts with [SECRET] information.
This is a fairly straightforward claim, you are nestled across both oceans with neutral to positive (owing to them giving you part of the Midwest) relations with Japan and neutral to positive relations with everyone else.
It also has a fairly decent tech base, (refer to Fulminata's work) and is a safe position if you want to take it easy.
The Custodianship of Mexico / Mexican Rebellion
- DETAILS
- Head of State: Claimant choice
- Other Important Characters (meta control)
- Population: 185,954,000
- Claim Starting Allotments (IE. Special Starting Scenario)
- You start off with two main factions, the Custodianship government which is a Mexican government put in place by the Alfr and now under the watch of Japan / the Rebel faction which numbers popularity of population around 30%.
- You have limited military capabilities, but due to years of underspending have an ample colonial budget (if you can find someone willing to sell you weapons)
This is a fairly complex claim and works similar to the Israel-Egypt claim in that you are playing two factions in one, you are free to play this as a Colonial Power or as a Rebel faction almost from the start (or work both at the same time!). Significant amounts of player freedom and starting creativity, as you can create or pick characters from the IRL mexican claim as needed.
The Holy Kingdom of Argentina - FALL THROUGH CLAIM
- DETAILS
- Head of State: Player choice
- Other Important Characters (meta control)
- Population: 215,423,163
- Claim Starting Allotments (IE. Special Starting Scenario)
- You start as a member of GIGAS AIDE (military alliance under GIGAS)
- You have (for internal consistency purposes) a significant hatred as a government/religiously radicalized people against Brazil
- You have some military buildup via AIDE (please DM me once you have your claim and I'll help you find things)
This is one of the main claims if you are looking to do a Japan/GIGAS/UNSC aligned playthrough this Campaign. It is strategically located away from much of the Bandung Pact but at the same time has room to grow as it is underdeveloped excluding mining (which Japan does for you).
This is a fallthrough claim, to see what that means keep reading below.
The Central Asian Warlords
- DETAILS
- Head of State: Player choice
- Other Important Characters (meta control)
- Population: 1,840,000 (direct control) + Karakum Union population (no meta control)
- Claim Starting Allotments (IE. Special Starting Scenario)
- This is a Russian Army turned warlord band that operates in the same geographic space that the Karakum Union controls.
- You have buffs to Secret Posts that involve your movements/evasions
- You do not have access to any industry or etcetera, but at the same time, can launch raids wherever you want and face repercussions if things go wrong. You have small outposts throughout the Russian deep forest/tundra which remain secret to all.
- [SECRET INFORMATION DELIVERED WHEN CLAIMANT IS CHOSEN]
- You are one of the only claims, that is allowed to use COVOPs in a more standard way given the removal to the broader claimant base
THIS IS A HARD CLAIM, like seriously. However, you have very specific season objectives which can and will massively boost the strength of your claim if you can achieve them. This however is not revealed to the public at large but will be revealed to you before the season starts.
The Karakum Union
- DETAILS
- Head of State: Player choice
- Other Important Characters (meta control)
- Population: 210,439,000
- Claim Starting Allotments (IE. Special Starting Scenario)
- You are one of the Russian successors, maybe its true spiritual successor (as a result get 25% of the Russian mil wiki excluding Naval resources)
- You need to deal with the warlords or don't, but your population will hate you.
This is a semi-difficult claim with tons of upside as it will have a strong base for general "fun stuff". It is however meant, for someone who is maybe not interesting in doing as much large scale warfighting and wants to do RP and interact with others. You'll mainly be looking to deal with the warlords, or hey, go Join the Bandung Pact or GIGAS and have them do it for you?
The Himavanta or Three Rivers Commonwealth - FALL THROUGH CLAIM
- DETAILS
- Head of State: Player choice
- Other Important Characters (meta control)
- Population: 239,293,672
- Claim Starting Allotments (IE. Special Starting Scenario)
- NONE
This is a fairly standard claim, you have positive relations with all Asian countries and have no significant geopolitical presence beyond that. You are not a member of the Bandung Pact or GIGAS AIDE.
This is a fallthrough claim, to see what that means keep reading below.
The Joseon Kingdom - FALL THROUGH CLAIM
- DETAILS
- Head of State: Player choice
- Other Important Characters (meta control)
- Population: 89,912,619
- Claim Starting Allotments (IE. Special Starting Scenario)
- NONE
Outside of your national tech base which is fairly robust, you have positive relations with the UNSC, Japan, and Bandung Pact and are a Pact member with 1 vote in the Conress.
This is a fallthrough claim, to see what that means keep reading below.
Switzerland - FALL THROUGH CLAIM
- DETAILS
- Head of State: Player choice
- Other Important Characters (meta control)
- Population: 10,317,507
- Claim Starting Allotments (IE. Special Starting Scenario)
- Receives [BATTLE] bonuses during any and all defensive wars on home territory.
With the Alfr weakened, you have the opportunity to cut yourself a new piece of the pie.
This is a fallthrough claim, to see what that means keep reading below.
Other non-Claim Countries and Territorial Changes
- Japan is not claimable
- Includes,
- Japan, China, Australia, California, South Africa, Alfr Core, select Caribbean Islands, select European islands, etcetera
- The UNSC is not claimable
- Includes,
- The UNSC, North African colony, Cyprus, Cuba and select Caribbean islands, China
- The broader UASR is not claimable
- Includes,
- Light green UASR
- The Nusantara League is not claimable
- Includes the Nusantara League
- Western Russia is not Claimable
Fall Through Claims
Fall Through Claims are not intended but still can be someone's first pick. IE, if we reach a situation where we do not have enough claims, the fall through claims will be opened as well. However if you really want to play a fall through claim, DM me and I'll chat with you about it.Notes on Sandbox and Worldbuilding
When you read the "things to consider" sections of these claims and the others announced, realize these are not set things in stone you have freedom, this is a creative writing game first and foremost, so don't feel limited.However, do remember there is a scaling game-difficulty mechanic this season which will push you narratively, in certain directions. See more here
2024.05.24 00:50 HateChan_ Unsure of my type, looking for ~expert~ help!
I guess I’ll type out all the questions and answer them accordingly. Apologies for the long post.
• How old are you? What's your gender? Give us a general description of yourself.
~ Hi, I’m 22F, and I don’t know what a physical description is going to help with, so I’m assuming I should list what I like? So here goes: Music, Video Games, Writing, Dungeons and Dragons, Being Creative, Memes, Learning About Others, and Sleeping!
• Is there a medical diagnosis that may impact your mental stability somehow?
~ Oh yeah. I have been professionally diagnosed with ADHD and Depression, and I think I might also have anxiety, as my mother does and I exhibit some of her behaviors.
• Describe your upbringing. Did it have any kind of religious or structured influence? How did you respond to it?
~ Daddy issues. I guess I should elaborate, but I’ll also keep it short: My father is a very strict man. He is very set in his own beliefs and lifestyle, and if I try to divert from it he is quick to raise his voice and lecture me for a long period of time about how I am not doing anything right. He only ever talks to me if he has something to lecture me about, he never says anything positive, etc etc. So I grew up walking on eggshells around him. My mother and I are on better terms, but as I was growing up, she would always tell me no. If I asked to do anything, the answer was always no. So I didn’t have much of a social life growing up either. They both have grown a lot, and are better at not being so negative towards me, so I am on better terms with both of them. I had some questionable friends growing up too, the type that always took advantage of me. Anyway, that’s enough here, if you have further questions about my childhood you can ask ig.
• What do you do as a job or as a career (if you have one)? Do you like it? Why or why not?
~ I work at Target, or retail if you don’t know what Target is. I actually don’t mind my job. It’s a lot better than fast food, by a lot. Sure, I like to complain about it, but overall, I find it to be in between tolerable and enjoyable. I’m good at talking with customers, and have received multiple compliments by them on my customer service. I would like to be an author though, that would be fun I think!
• If you had to spend an entire weekend by yourself, how would you feel? Would you feel lonely or refreshed?
~ Can I talk to people online, or do I need to be entirely alone? If I can talk to people online, then I’ll be fine, that’s just a normal day. If I can’t though, I think I’d be lonely. Due to my depression, my thoughts tend to turn down the self deprecating path, and I’d rather not be stuck like that for 2 days.
• What kinds of activities do you prefer? Do you like, and are you good at sports? Do you enjoy any other outdoor or indoor activities?
~ Sports are meh. Don’t love ‘em, don’t hate ‘em. I do enjoy being outside, if I’m with friends. I love roller coasters, I tried surfing once and really liked that. Camping/Hiking is also fun. But I need to do it with at least one friend, because if I do it alone, I get really self conscious that I look weird. Unfortunately, I’m bad at talking with people outside of a work environment, because I get stuck in my own head about if my body language looks normal, do I look okay, am I appearing interested in the conversation, oh god was what I said cringey? They probably think I’m a weirdo, etc etc. So I stay inside and talk online where it’s easier.
• How curious are you? Do you have more ideas then you can execute? What are your curiosities about? What are your ideas about - is it environmental or conceptual, and can you please elaborate?
~ Oh my god yes. I have so many ideas, mostly fantastical and artsy in nature, that I’d love to do, but there are just so many I don’t know what to choose from and aaaaaaa I wish I could get them all done!
• Would you enjoy taking on a leadership position? Do you think you would be good at it? What would your leadership style be?
~ I mean. I could if I had to, but I get bad decision paralysis, so I don’t think I’d be a very good one. I prefer to be told what to do, so that way when things go wrong I can blame someone else lol. If I had to lead, I would make sure the environment was a comfortable , yet productive one. I want people to feel like they can talk to me, but also know that they still need to get work done. I want to help out too, not just sit around telling people what to do, but actually showing them.
• Are you coordinated? Why do you feel as if you are or are not? Do you enjoy working with your hands in some form? Describe your activity?
~ Not really. I have been told I need to be wrapped in bubble wrap. If I'm learning something, I need to do it, not just see it, but that's about as hands on I get.
• Are you artistic? If yes, describe your art? If you are not particular artistic but can appreciate art please likewise describe what forums of art you enjoy. Please explain your answer.
~ Define artistic. Are we specifically talking about painting/drawing? Or are we talking about creativity in general? I can't draw, I can only paint if I am guided and it's fairly simple, but most of my creativity lies in writing/storytelling/messing around on a website that makes miniature figurines.
• What's your opinion about the past, present, and future? How do you deal with them?
~ Past: it kinda sucked ngl, but it made me who I am today! Also, while you shouldn't feel sorry for yourself over the past (for too long anyway), I still think the past is worth look back on and studying/reliving good memories/learning/remembering in general.
As for the Present: I think it's good to focus on the now and experience what life has to offer. While you shouldn't ignore the lessons of the past or the consequences of the future, the present is where you are right now. So don't spend all of it worrying or planning, take the time to truly just exist on this beautiful planet, and bask in the memories in the process of being made.
Future: The funny thing about the future, is that it constantly changes. What you have planned, may not come to fruition. Now that's not to say you should run into the future blindly. I think the future should be loosely planned for, with room for improvisation where needed. Have a structure of what you want your future to look like, work for it, and if things change, go with the flow and flex your structured plan to accommodate the changes.
Now, how I actually deal with them? I think I'm pretty on par for the whole past thing, with a couple hang ups here and there, same with the present, but the future? That's something I need to work on, I have no plan. Nothing. Which scares me. But I won't go into that.
• How do you act when others request your help to do something (anything)? If you would decide to help them, why would you do so?
~ I immediately help, I like helping! It forms a good connotation to my name, as someone who is reliable, kind, and worth being friends with! I also just like helping lol
• Do you need logical consistency in your life?
~ Not particularly. Do I like having a scientific explanation for life's mysteries? Of course! Do I also seek out unexplained mysteries and entertain the idea of fantastical reasonings for the occurrences? Absolutely!
• How important is efficiency and productivity to you?
~ I could stand to have it be more important to me, but in all honesty, it's not very. If the task gets done, I don't particularly care how. As long as it doesn't take an absurd amount of time, I'm good.
• Do you control others, even if indirectly? How and why do you do that?
~ I hope not, I just like making friends, and friends help each other out! I don't use my friends purely for personal gain, I'm also there to help them!
• What are your hobbies? Why do you like them?
~ I guess I answered this in the first question, but I guess the reasoning behind them is that I find them fun and engaging and they enable me to flex my creative muscles!
• What is your learning style? What kind of learning environments do you struggle with most? Why do you like/struggle with these learning styles? Do you prefer classes involving memorization, logic, creativity, or your physical senses?
~ Okay, this is a lot of questions in "one". I will keep this one short. I need to perform the task I'm being taught for it to even kind of stick in my mind. I have horrible memory, so if I don't physically do the thing while thinking hard about the thing, I will not remember it. So by that definition, the standard school experience was very difficult for me lmfao I prefer creative classes.
• How good are you at strategizing? Do you easily break up projects into manageable tasks? Or do you have a tendency to wing projects and improvise as you go?
~ Oh no hahaha. I wing it definitely.
• What are your aspirations in life, professionally and personally?
~ Man, I just want to have a job I at least somewhat like, that will also allow me to fund my hobbies. If I were in a perfect world, I'd like to be a successful fantasy author.
• What are your fears? What makes you uncomfortable? What do you hate? Why?
~ Do I gotta list them all? Being forgotten, blood, gore, losing my memories, needles, being forever alone, dying, not dying, not ever learning how to deal with my mental illnesses, gaining more mental illnesses, being secretly hated by people, never getting over my social anxiety, forever being a disappointment, being isolated from everyone, etc etc
• What do the "highs" in your life look like?
~ I'm not sure, I feel emotion very intensely, so even though I can't think of a memory right now, in the moment I'm sure it felt great.
• What do the "lows" in your life look like?
~ Like I said in the previous question, I feel emotions intensely. So the lows in my life were pretty bad, for me personally at least. I am well aware that I am very fortunate to have the life I do, but damn does the mind play dirty.
• How attached are you to reality? Do you daydream often, or do you pay attention to what's around you? If you do daydream, are you aware of your surroundings while you do so?
~ I mostly daydream. I get lost in thought sometimes, imagining fake scenarios and such. No I am not aware of my surroundings while daydreaming lol.
• Imagine you are alone in a blank, empty room. There is nothing for you to do and no one to talk to. What do you think about?
~ This is hell.
• How long do you take to make an important decision? And do you change your mind once you've made it?
~ It takes forever. and yes. Yes I do. Quite a few times actually.
• How long do you take to process your emotions? How important are emotions in your life?
~ I mean. If I'm upset I typically take a couple hours to be done being upset, then a couple days to talk to the person who upset me without getting upset again. Sometimes less. I tend to go through emotions very quickly. As for how important they are, I'd say very. I like to feel. I like the highs, and the lows are necessary to make the highs as good as they are, y'know? It's the roller coaster of life, and I'll be damned if I don't ride that sucker to the end.
• Do you ever catch yourself agreeing with others just to appease them and keep the conversation going? How often? Why?
~ Every single day. As I was growing up, if I tried to debate my dad, I'd get cut off, laughed at, and berated for not knowing everything there possibly is to know about the subject I wanted to talk about. So, I just stopped trying. It isn't worth it. I don't find joy in being yelled at. I don't like it when people fight. Arguing almost always ends up with people getting angry at each other, and instead of discussing the matter that they originally wanted to debate, they end up just insulting each other. It's not worth it to waste my time and exhaust my emotions over someone who doesn't even want to try and see what the other side might have to offer.
• Do you break rules often? Do you think authority should be challenged, or that they know better? If you do break rules, why?
~ I am a very emotional person. I don't like breaking rules, because I feel awful and sick when getting scolded. I'm a people pleaser, a doormat, someone who puts everyone else over herself. I also need others to like me. I NEED it. I want to be that person that everyone likes, that when my name is said, people smile and say "Oh yeah, she's fun/cool/insert positive remark here". Also, I know this word has been memed to hell, but idk how else to put it. I'm an empath, and feel what others feel. So that also makes me not want to like, break into someone's property or do destructive shit. I'm a goody two shoes, and I hate it.
As for whether or not authority should be challenged, that is a loaded question. I think that MOST rules and laws were put into place for a reason, and should be respected. ie don't murder people for funsies or whatever. However, some authority figures abuse the power they were given to enforce these rules/laws, and they should be swiftly removed from their position. I read somewhere, probably a tumblr post, about how there are two types of respect. There's "treat someone like a person" respect, and there is "treat someone like authority" respect. When someone doesn't receive the "authority" respect like they think they should, they stop respecting others as people. I think that is where the problem comes in.
I won't get more into this because as I mentioned in a previous question, I don't like to argue. So please don't try to argue with me.
submitted by HateChan_ to MbtiTypeMe [link] [comments]
• How old are you? What's your gender? Give us a general description of yourself.
~ Hi, I’m 22F, and I don’t know what a physical description is going to help with, so I’m assuming I should list what I like? So here goes: Music, Video Games, Writing, Dungeons and Dragons, Being Creative, Memes, Learning About Others, and Sleeping!
• Is there a medical diagnosis that may impact your mental stability somehow?
~ Oh yeah. I have been professionally diagnosed with ADHD and Depression, and I think I might also have anxiety, as my mother does and I exhibit some of her behaviors.
• Describe your upbringing. Did it have any kind of religious or structured influence? How did you respond to it?
~ Daddy issues. I guess I should elaborate, but I’ll also keep it short: My father is a very strict man. He is very set in his own beliefs and lifestyle, and if I try to divert from it he is quick to raise his voice and lecture me for a long period of time about how I am not doing anything right. He only ever talks to me if he has something to lecture me about, he never says anything positive, etc etc. So I grew up walking on eggshells around him. My mother and I are on better terms, but as I was growing up, she would always tell me no. If I asked to do anything, the answer was always no. So I didn’t have much of a social life growing up either. They both have grown a lot, and are better at not being so negative towards me, so I am on better terms with both of them. I had some questionable friends growing up too, the type that always took advantage of me. Anyway, that’s enough here, if you have further questions about my childhood you can ask ig.
• What do you do as a job or as a career (if you have one)? Do you like it? Why or why not?
~ I work at Target, or retail if you don’t know what Target is. I actually don’t mind my job. It’s a lot better than fast food, by a lot. Sure, I like to complain about it, but overall, I find it to be in between tolerable and enjoyable. I’m good at talking with customers, and have received multiple compliments by them on my customer service. I would like to be an author though, that would be fun I think!
• If you had to spend an entire weekend by yourself, how would you feel? Would you feel lonely or refreshed?
~ Can I talk to people online, or do I need to be entirely alone? If I can talk to people online, then I’ll be fine, that’s just a normal day. If I can’t though, I think I’d be lonely. Due to my depression, my thoughts tend to turn down the self deprecating path, and I’d rather not be stuck like that for 2 days.
• What kinds of activities do you prefer? Do you like, and are you good at sports? Do you enjoy any other outdoor or indoor activities?
~ Sports are meh. Don’t love ‘em, don’t hate ‘em. I do enjoy being outside, if I’m with friends. I love roller coasters, I tried surfing once and really liked that. Camping/Hiking is also fun. But I need to do it with at least one friend, because if I do it alone, I get really self conscious that I look weird. Unfortunately, I’m bad at talking with people outside of a work environment, because I get stuck in my own head about if my body language looks normal, do I look okay, am I appearing interested in the conversation, oh god was what I said cringey? They probably think I’m a weirdo, etc etc. So I stay inside and talk online where it’s easier.
• How curious are you? Do you have more ideas then you can execute? What are your curiosities about? What are your ideas about - is it environmental or conceptual, and can you please elaborate?
~ Oh my god yes. I have so many ideas, mostly fantastical and artsy in nature, that I’d love to do, but there are just so many I don’t know what to choose from and aaaaaaa I wish I could get them all done!
• Would you enjoy taking on a leadership position? Do you think you would be good at it? What would your leadership style be?
~ I mean. I could if I had to, but I get bad decision paralysis, so I don’t think I’d be a very good one. I prefer to be told what to do, so that way when things go wrong I can blame someone else lol. If I had to lead, I would make sure the environment was a comfortable , yet productive one. I want people to feel like they can talk to me, but also know that they still need to get work done. I want to help out too, not just sit around telling people what to do, but actually showing them.
• Are you coordinated? Why do you feel as if you are or are not? Do you enjoy working with your hands in some form? Describe your activity?
~ Not really. I have been told I need to be wrapped in bubble wrap. If I'm learning something, I need to do it, not just see it, but that's about as hands on I get.
• Are you artistic? If yes, describe your art? If you are not particular artistic but can appreciate art please likewise describe what forums of art you enjoy. Please explain your answer.
~ Define artistic. Are we specifically talking about painting/drawing? Or are we talking about creativity in general? I can't draw, I can only paint if I am guided and it's fairly simple, but most of my creativity lies in writing/storytelling/messing around on a website that makes miniature figurines.
• What's your opinion about the past, present, and future? How do you deal with them?
~ Past: it kinda sucked ngl, but it made me who I am today! Also, while you shouldn't feel sorry for yourself over the past (for too long anyway), I still think the past is worth look back on and studying/reliving good memories/learning/remembering in general.
As for the Present: I think it's good to focus on the now and experience what life has to offer. While you shouldn't ignore the lessons of the past or the consequences of the future, the present is where you are right now. So don't spend all of it worrying or planning, take the time to truly just exist on this beautiful planet, and bask in the memories in the process of being made.
Future: The funny thing about the future, is that it constantly changes. What you have planned, may not come to fruition. Now that's not to say you should run into the future blindly. I think the future should be loosely planned for, with room for improvisation where needed. Have a structure of what you want your future to look like, work for it, and if things change, go with the flow and flex your structured plan to accommodate the changes.
Now, how I actually deal with them? I think I'm pretty on par for the whole past thing, with a couple hang ups here and there, same with the present, but the future? That's something I need to work on, I have no plan. Nothing. Which scares me. But I won't go into that.
• How do you act when others request your help to do something (anything)? If you would decide to help them, why would you do so?
~ I immediately help, I like helping! It forms a good connotation to my name, as someone who is reliable, kind, and worth being friends with! I also just like helping lol
• Do you need logical consistency in your life?
~ Not particularly. Do I like having a scientific explanation for life's mysteries? Of course! Do I also seek out unexplained mysteries and entertain the idea of fantastical reasonings for the occurrences? Absolutely!
• How important is efficiency and productivity to you?
~ I could stand to have it be more important to me, but in all honesty, it's not very. If the task gets done, I don't particularly care how. As long as it doesn't take an absurd amount of time, I'm good.
• Do you control others, even if indirectly? How and why do you do that?
~ I hope not, I just like making friends, and friends help each other out! I don't use my friends purely for personal gain, I'm also there to help them!
• What are your hobbies? Why do you like them?
~ I guess I answered this in the first question, but I guess the reasoning behind them is that I find them fun and engaging and they enable me to flex my creative muscles!
• What is your learning style? What kind of learning environments do you struggle with most? Why do you like/struggle with these learning styles? Do you prefer classes involving memorization, logic, creativity, or your physical senses?
~ Okay, this is a lot of questions in "one". I will keep this one short. I need to perform the task I'm being taught for it to even kind of stick in my mind. I have horrible memory, so if I don't physically do the thing while thinking hard about the thing, I will not remember it. So by that definition, the standard school experience was very difficult for me lmfao I prefer creative classes.
• How good are you at strategizing? Do you easily break up projects into manageable tasks? Or do you have a tendency to wing projects and improvise as you go?
~ Oh no hahaha. I wing it definitely.
• What are your aspirations in life, professionally and personally?
~ Man, I just want to have a job I at least somewhat like, that will also allow me to fund my hobbies. If I were in a perfect world, I'd like to be a successful fantasy author.
• What are your fears? What makes you uncomfortable? What do you hate? Why?
~ Do I gotta list them all? Being forgotten, blood, gore, losing my memories, needles, being forever alone, dying, not dying, not ever learning how to deal with my mental illnesses, gaining more mental illnesses, being secretly hated by people, never getting over my social anxiety, forever being a disappointment, being isolated from everyone, etc etc
• What do the "highs" in your life look like?
~ I'm not sure, I feel emotion very intensely, so even though I can't think of a memory right now, in the moment I'm sure it felt great.
• What do the "lows" in your life look like?
~ Like I said in the previous question, I feel emotions intensely. So the lows in my life were pretty bad, for me personally at least. I am well aware that I am very fortunate to have the life I do, but damn does the mind play dirty.
• How attached are you to reality? Do you daydream often, or do you pay attention to what's around you? If you do daydream, are you aware of your surroundings while you do so?
~ I mostly daydream. I get lost in thought sometimes, imagining fake scenarios and such. No I am not aware of my surroundings while daydreaming lol.
• Imagine you are alone in a blank, empty room. There is nothing for you to do and no one to talk to. What do you think about?
~ This is hell.
• How long do you take to make an important decision? And do you change your mind once you've made it?
~ It takes forever. and yes. Yes I do. Quite a few times actually.
• How long do you take to process your emotions? How important are emotions in your life?
~ I mean. If I'm upset I typically take a couple hours to be done being upset, then a couple days to talk to the person who upset me without getting upset again. Sometimes less. I tend to go through emotions very quickly. As for how important they are, I'd say very. I like to feel. I like the highs, and the lows are necessary to make the highs as good as they are, y'know? It's the roller coaster of life, and I'll be damned if I don't ride that sucker to the end.
• Do you ever catch yourself agreeing with others just to appease them and keep the conversation going? How often? Why?
~ Every single day. As I was growing up, if I tried to debate my dad, I'd get cut off, laughed at, and berated for not knowing everything there possibly is to know about the subject I wanted to talk about. So, I just stopped trying. It isn't worth it. I don't find joy in being yelled at. I don't like it when people fight. Arguing almost always ends up with people getting angry at each other, and instead of discussing the matter that they originally wanted to debate, they end up just insulting each other. It's not worth it to waste my time and exhaust my emotions over someone who doesn't even want to try and see what the other side might have to offer.
• Do you break rules often? Do you think authority should be challenged, or that they know better? If you do break rules, why?
~ I am a very emotional person. I don't like breaking rules, because I feel awful and sick when getting scolded. I'm a people pleaser, a doormat, someone who puts everyone else over herself. I also need others to like me. I NEED it. I want to be that person that everyone likes, that when my name is said, people smile and say "Oh yeah, she's fun/cool/insert positive remark here". Also, I know this word has been memed to hell, but idk how else to put it. I'm an empath, and feel what others feel. So that also makes me not want to like, break into someone's property or do destructive shit. I'm a goody two shoes, and I hate it.
As for whether or not authority should be challenged, that is a loaded question. I think that MOST rules and laws were put into place for a reason, and should be respected. ie don't murder people for funsies or whatever. However, some authority figures abuse the power they were given to enforce these rules/laws, and they should be swiftly removed from their position. I read somewhere, probably a tumblr post, about how there are two types of respect. There's "treat someone like a person" respect, and there is "treat someone like authority" respect. When someone doesn't receive the "authority" respect like they think they should, they stop respecting others as people. I think that is where the problem comes in.
I won't get more into this because as I mentioned in a previous question, I don't like to argue. So please don't try to argue with me.
2024.05.23 22:02 icecreamraider The Realities of War - Part 2 (How to invade a place... if you must)
As promised (for those interested) – here’s the second post getting into more technical aspects of going to war. You can find my first post (along with the “about me” part) by clicking on the tag.
A few trigger warnings and disclaimers first:
As a Battlefield, Gaza is Hell.
For a war planner, Gaza is the stuff of nightmares. I honestly can’t think of a worse place to try to enter on a short notice than Gaza. A city fortified for combat for a decade and a half, with planned resupply routes, prepared ammo caches, planned choke points, etc. etc… a population as hostile as it gets. It’s basically hell for any invading force to enter.
And then there are the f---ing tunnels (more on those later). First, let’s talk about invading a place.
It’s a massive, violent ballet of small, lethal cogs, all seemingly in complete chaos – and yet somehow, with very little direct communication, getting the job done. If you witness a convoy during an invasion, you’ll see a clusterf*k of ugly vehicles moving very slowly, constantly stopping, soldiers jumping on and off, looking ragged, tired, annoyed. If you talk to any soldier at any given time – you’ll think you’re witnessing the most disorganized sh*tshow ever produced.
The most likely answer you’ll get is “I don’t know what the f—k is going on and where we’re going, I just know that I haven’t taken a sh—t in 3 days, and these a-holes keep shooting at us every couple of hours”. And yet, check the news a day later – and somehow this tired, annoyed, slow war machine advance in leaps and bounds, flanked choke points, and broke through everywhere – all while you got a good night of sleep at home. But talk to the same soldier the next day and you’ll get the same annoyed answer “I don’t know what the f—ck is going on”.
Why am I describing it in such detail? Because to an untrained eye – that’s what things look like on the surface. It seems botched, disorganized, seemingly without rhyme or reason. A reporter witnessing what, at first, appears to be a massive sh*tshow, will likely walk away precisely with the image of a sh*tshow – which will probably set in motion the theme for the coverage.
Except, it’s not a sh*tshow. It’s a carefully planned, coordinated, and organized ballet that takes years of practice, experience, and thoughtful execution to produce.
Side note: there are of course botched invasion – they look seemingly the same on the surface as a well executed operation – but turn out more of a masterclass in hubris, incompetence, and stupidity.
And of course, individual results will vary - – you may be on the “good” side of an invasion and still end up one of the few casualties on your side. Or you could be on the receiving end of Uncle Sam’s fury and still get a lucky shot in that kills a general. .
What Does an Invasion Feel Like when you’re invading? It’s confusing, exhilarating, tiring, scary. But mostly… honestly… boring. Just like most of soldiering – it’s hours and hours of boredom and lack of sleep. The entire time you have to stay vigilant… and the fear never quite goes away. And then those hours of boredom are interrupted by sudden terror of combat and the exhilaration of coming out on the other side. And then the dread that you will have to do that again and again.
What Does it feel like to be Invaded? On the side that gets stomped by the invading force (i.e. this wouldn’t apply to Ukrainians, for instance) – to put simply – it f-ing sucks. It’s also hours of boredom filled with dread and fear. And suddenly, your entire world is on fire. All the “plans” your commanders set in motion fall apart in minutes. Eventually (if you survive the experience) you’ll find out that, by the time you had your contact with the invader, the forward enemy elements were already deep behind you. So uninterested were they in you, that they just rolled by and reported your location to the chasing element for a “clean up”… it’s almost insulting, really.
The invader has to out-perform the defender in every aspect. Logistically and operationally – an assault is much more difficult and potentially deadly than a defense. And a large, slow force moving into someone else’s backyard isn’t that hard to bog down and turn it into a bloodbath (as Ukrainians demonstrated).
Combined Arms invasion only works when the arms are actually combined. And it’s a real, difficult skill that requires lots of planning, practice, and precise execution.
Is an Invasion of a Dense Urban Area Different? Yes and no. An urban environment introduces many more unpredictable and dangerous elements. But it’s still an invasion. Broadly-speaking, it’s still all of the above – the same complex and dangerous ballet of planning, coordination, and execution. Except if unfolds in a very, very slow motion. Much more up close and personal. And potentially, much deadlier.
Commanders didn’t have the channels or the correct maps to fire support. I saw overwhelming Russian fire power roll into a trivial ambush, stop… and then have no clue what to do (a American (or IDF) force fraction of that size could’ve rolled through that roadside ambush with barely a delay. But they simply never rehearsed this scenario across all the participating elements (many of which were sorta thrown together) – and so the heavies would get bunched up, infantry would dismount and scatter in the wrong direction… some tanks start backing up and then driving into a wrong field for whatever reason – and seemingly no one bothering to even return fire.
I saw an entire heavy armor battalion wiped out by a force of about 5 Ukrainian dudes with a couple Javelins, a couple machine guns, and a radio to a howitzer team a couple miles away.
A big part of preparation is mental. In peacetime, the training we go through is serious… but one never takes it fully seriously… everyone knows we’re play-acting in a way. Preparing for a real war takes time. The reality dawns slowly. It takes time for a unit to properly gel together a new environment, dust off old skills, string them together in rehearsals much closer to reality, and prepare mentality for the idea that you will soon be shot at (even though you can never fully prepare for it).
IDF didn’t have time to prepare and rehearse. Honestly, I was very worried for them. Especially after Oct. 7th, when it seemed that everyone was asleep at the wheel. I excepted a semi-botched invasion. But they executed about as flawlessly as it gets. Happy to say I was wrong. Someone certainly was asleep at the wheel on Oct 7th. But broadly speaking, whatever happened on the 7th woke up the tiny giant. That fearsome little hedgehog that gained a reputation for punching far above its weight is still there – alive and kicking.
For instance,
Think back to the ballet analogy of an invasion. A ballet needs a clean stage. And the city architecture can create massive tripping hazards. Countless hours went into developing an invasion plan, picking routes, and evaluating every foot of the path the invading force would take. The main “tripping hazards” were identified – and the airstrikes then followed to clear the stage before the curtain lifted.
Story time - real life example. A friend of mine was an MP platoon commander assigned to deliver unruly juveniles to a court building in an area that was “questionable”. Same route, predictable schedule, etc. (the local judge refused to leave the courthouse or make scheduling random and we were trying to “win hearts and minds”). In other words – prime opportunity to ambush a bunch of American Humvees. The route itself was tolerable – turn the convoy into an angry hedgehog, pedal to the metal, and have alternate routes mapped out to bypass trouble. But the square with the courthouse was basically tailor-made for trouble… mostly because of the layout and the surrounding architecture.
My buddy, having seen this movie before, decided he was going to change the ending. He gathered the local community “elders” (some local imams or some sh—t)… pointed to the buildings, and explained via a translator that if he (and the kids they’re protecting) take a single shot – he’s calling fire mission on every single building in the square, and the entire neighborhood will cease to exist.
Not that anyone would’ve authorized such a fire mission, unless the neighborhood really came down on them… and he knew that, of course. But he sounded convincing, the “elders” have already witnessed what American fire support looks like, and they decided to take him at his word and oblige. In three months of this idiotic assignment, not a single shot was fired (though other units got harassed within blocks of that particular square on a daily basis.
Back to IDF and the whole “blowing up buildings” thing. IDF entering Gaza simply didn’t have the luxury to negotiate with Gaza “elders” – Hamas are the elders. Putting myself in IDF’s shoes - If I’m entering an area already known to be preparing a nasty “welcome” … and I’m responsible for bringing my 18-19 year old kids home… Well, I’m sending a whole lot of grief at any building that even thinks to cause me trouble. And if I happen to be wrong – honestly... so be it.
(Yeah, yeah… I know… “how can you pity the IDF – they’re not the ones who got their homes blown up”. Again, the point of this post is pragmatic reality – not moral comparisons or judgements. Of course it sucks to have your home blown up. But I’m explaining a soldier’s POV right now).
But at the end of the day – they have a job to do, and it has three parts. Job one – don’t botch the mission. Job two – help your troops stay alive. Job three – don’t use excessive force and look out for civilians. In that order.
Sidenote: There is a map I saw somewhere – an overlay that shows an old map of the known Gaza tunnels and overlay map of IDF aerial strikes. It shows quite clearly that the strikes weren’t random and follow the tunnel network quite closely. If you’ve seen it and know what I’m talking about – please link it.
Clearing Out Civilians. Again, I’m not in IDF. But from what I understand – they went to great lengths to warn the public before dropping bombs on those objectives. For a reference – we didn’t go to nearly such lengths. We didn’t have a database of numbers to call. Very few interpreters, etc. Generally, you’d try to notify the city to clear itself and, after an afforded period, you move in and hope that the civilians were wise enough to believe you. If IDF’s claims of the leaflets, announcements, and the phone calls they made are true (and I have no reason to doubt them) – it’s far above and beyond of what we (the US) ever did and what any other military in the world would do.
Everyone expects contact upon crossing the border but honestly – that almost never happens. For the infantry on the ground – the first few hours are usually just a lot of fear, anticipation but ultimately, boredom… and strained bladders… and the floor full of Gatorade bottles (PSA: if you see a bottle of Yellow Gatorade in a Humvee – don’t drink it).
Clearing Sectors. The city gets mapped into sectors, and the tedious and very dangerous work of clearing the city begins – sector by sector. Street by street. House by house.
Multiple elements may be operating in parallel to each other – on different assignments. And “not shooting each other” can be a challenge of its own – something to always keep in mind.
The basic idea is – you move into enemy’s neighborhood, essentially announcing “I’m in your house and I’m going to take it – come and stop me”. The forward elements go in, quite literally looking to slug it out with the bravest of the Jihadis.
It’s nothing like the movies, where some badass-looking special operators swoop in and kill everybody. That does happen of course, occasionally and at night – specialized teams will do point raids when a VIP target is identified (or some other compelling reason).
But mostly, you enter a neighborhood with brute force. Lots of big guns and even more rifles. Multiple houses will be getting cleared at the same time by multiple teams, with snipers watching overhead, big guns watching the streets outside, and blocking elements positioning themselves to intercept rabbits.
You never know what’s going to wait for you at a new place. It may seem quiet, but waiting to explode in an ambush. Sometimes, a strong point will be waiting for you, with an immediate greeting upon arrival – but that’s a suicidal proposition for them almost always. If that doesn’t happen – you should expect some nasty surprises when you start entering houses.
Sometimes, absolutely nothing happens – the neighborhood is quite like a church morning in a village and stays that way the entire time you’re there. But that’s not a relief – the next emotion is usually dread.
Clearing homes in an area you know to be trouble is about as terrifying of a job an infantryman can get. Over time, you develop a sixth sense for things – you can sorta tell what’s going to wait for you in the house.
We have certain tools to help with that as well… as well as plenty of advanced surveillance that will spot traffic in and out of a house long before you show up.
Aerial surveillance also helps us know what to expect upon arrival to a new sector (though it’s far from perfect). But, it’s much different for the IDF. I imagine that a tunnel exiting directly into a house will render any surveillance-based assumptions useless.
Sometimes, that sixth sense… the gut feeling tells you that this house will be bad. But the gut is often wrong, of course. And when your gut is wrong but it’s still talking to you – one of the scariest things in the world is that one last door left to be checked in the bedroom. Remember the fear of closet monsters when you were a kid? Yeah… now picture the tricks your imagination can play when closet monsters in that neighborhood come with explosives.
First of… if that’s what you think – (a) you’re a bit… uhm… weird; and (b) no soldier… I don’t care if it’s the gayest dude who prances around in fairy outfits on weekends– no soldier actually wants to see this sh---t. It’s gross. They’re sweaty, scared, and pathetic. And (y’all seen the pictures) – usually, there isn’t much impressive to look at.
So… why? For the same exact reason prisoners get stripped down upon reporting to prison. And those reasons are much more amplified in a war zone. They are MEN of FIGHTING AGE in an ACTIVE COMBAT ZONE. Any number of them are for sure (100%) Hamas or affiliated with Hamas. That much is a fact. But an IDF soldier in an area that’s still hot with enemy activity has no tools to distinguish whether it’s an innocent civilian or someone who really shouldn’t be released.
Hence, all of them will be sent back for further investigation. They’re identity will be cross-checked with known databases of Hamas memberships. Their social media will probably be checked. Etc. Etc.
Why are they naked? Because when a dude walks up on you in a hostile area – you yell at him to stop, strip down at a distance, and do a 360 presentation of his gut and sweaty *ss crack for you. Yeah – it’s as gross as it sounds. The main fear is obvious - explosives and concealed weapons.
Eventually, they approach, get cuffed, blindfolded, and wait around for transport. And yeah… they stay in their underwear… because no soldier is going to volunteer to go collect gross, sweaty clothes for a bunch of random dudes and then try to figure out to whom each pair of pants belongs to. Sorry… but there are more important things to do when you’re collecting prisoners in an open yard in a neighborhood that was shooting at you 20 minutes ago. If you think there is anything “sexual” about it – you should probably see a psychiatrist.
Ok... that was a lot. I plan on doing more posts. Things I plan to address:
submitted by icecreamraider to IsraelPalestine [link] [comments]
A few trigger warnings and disclaimers first:
- Trigger Warning: this post doesn’t deal with the moral aspects of the war. It’s about the cold, pragmatic decisions that go into executing a military operation. I make no moral judgements here – just describing things. And I'm certainly NOT ENDORSING invading places for fun. If you’re easily triggered – you may want to skip this post.
- Disclaimer. My experience is quite relevant. But again, I was not in IDF. Never been to Israel or Gaza. Though I expected that much of what I say translates to IDF’s experience accurately, there are probably many local, and theatre-specific differences I’m not accounting for. Those of you who were in IDF… or maybe have friends or family currently engaged in Gaza – please chime in if anything I’m saying doesn’t ring true.
- An Acknowledgment. We (meaning US forces fighting in the Middle East) have seen our share of chaos and urban combat. But we never had to walk into a city that has been fortified for 15 years for this precise scenario and where nearly 100% of the population was, at least in terms of personal opinion, entirely hostile. Bottom line, I suspect (though don’t know for sure) that certain unique circumstances in Gaza make it much more difficult operationally than what we had to face when entering hostile cities.
As a Battlefield, Gaza is Hell.
For a war planner, Gaza is the stuff of nightmares. I honestly can’t think of a worse place to try to enter on a short notice than Gaza. A city fortified for combat for a decade and a half, with planned resupply routes, prepared ammo caches, planned choke points, etc. etc… a population as hostile as it gets. It’s basically hell for any invading force to enter.
And then there are the f---ing tunnels (more on those later). First, let’s talk about invading a place.
Invasions are Awesome (or Catastrophic) … well, they’re always catastrophic for at least one party.
A well-executed combined arms invasion is an awe-inspiring spectacle to behold. Trying to understand the whole thing is difficult to process, because the success of it, when witnessed first-hand and in real time, seemingly makes no sense. In hindsight - it’s a masterclass of cooperation, coordination, planning, and effective execution at massive scale with no room for error.It’s a massive, violent ballet of small, lethal cogs, all seemingly in complete chaos – and yet somehow, with very little direct communication, getting the job done. If you witness a convoy during an invasion, you’ll see a clusterf*k of ugly vehicles moving very slowly, constantly stopping, soldiers jumping on and off, looking ragged, tired, annoyed. If you talk to any soldier at any given time – you’ll think you’re witnessing the most disorganized sh*tshow ever produced.
The most likely answer you’ll get is “I don’t know what the f—k is going on and where we’re going, I just know that I haven’t taken a sh—t in 3 days, and these a-holes keep shooting at us every couple of hours”. And yet, check the news a day later – and somehow this tired, annoyed, slow war machine advance in leaps and bounds, flanked choke points, and broke through everywhere – all while you got a good night of sleep at home. But talk to the same soldier the next day and you’ll get the same annoyed answer “I don’t know what the f—ck is going on”.
Why am I describing it in such detail? Because to an untrained eye – that’s what things look like on the surface. It seems botched, disorganized, seemingly without rhyme or reason. A reporter witnessing what, at first, appears to be a massive sh*tshow, will likely walk away precisely with the image of a sh*tshow – which will probably set in motion the theme for the coverage.
Except, it’s not a sh*tshow. It’s a carefully planned, coordinated, and organized ballet that takes years of practice, experience, and thoughtful execution to produce.
Side note: there are of course botched invasion – they look seemingly the same on the surface as a well executed operation – but turn out more of a masterclass in hubris, incompetence, and stupidity.
And of course, individual results will vary - – you may be on the “good” side of an invasion and still end up one of the few casualties on your side. Or you could be on the receiving end of Uncle Sam’s fury and still get a lucky shot in that kills a general. .
What Does an Invasion Feel Like when you’re invading? It’s confusing, exhilarating, tiring, scary. But mostly… honestly… boring. Just like most of soldiering – it’s hours and hours of boredom and lack of sleep. The entire time you have to stay vigilant… and the fear never quite goes away. And then those hours of boredom are interrupted by sudden terror of combat and the exhilaration of coming out on the other side. And then the dread that you will have to do that again and again.
What Does it feel like to be Invaded? On the side that gets stomped by the invading force (i.e. this wouldn’t apply to Ukrainians, for instance) – to put simply – it f-ing sucks. It’s also hours of boredom filled with dread and fear. And suddenly, your entire world is on fire. All the “plans” your commanders set in motion fall apart in minutes. Eventually (if you survive the experience) you’ll find out that, by the time you had your contact with the invader, the forward enemy elements were already deep behind you. So uninterested were they in you, that they just rolled by and reported your location to the chasing element for a “clean up”… it’s almost insulting, really.
Well of course IDF would be good at invading, right… they’re the big scary dog with lots of guns, tanks, and aircraft?
This mindset is a dangerous, deadly assumption to make. Having overwhelming force is no guarantee of a successful invasion. The Russians invaded Ukraine with OVERWHELMING force and superior real world experience… and boy did they botch it. Sure, Ukrainians fought bravely and turned out quite competent. But the main factor wasn’t the Ukrainian abilities – it was the incompetence and the failure on the Russian side.The invader has to out-perform the defender in every aspect. Logistically and operationally – an assault is much more difficult and potentially deadly than a defense. And a large, slow force moving into someone else’s backyard isn’t that hard to bog down and turn it into a bloodbath (as Ukrainians demonstrated).
Combined Arms invasion only works when the arms are actually combined. And it’s a real, difficult skill that requires lots of planning, practice, and precise execution.
Is an Invasion of a Dense Urban Area Different? Yes and no. An urban environment introduces many more unpredictable and dangerous elements. But it’s still an invasion. Broadly-speaking, it’s still all of the above – the same complex and dangerous ballet of planning, coordination, and execution. Except if unfolds in a very, very slow motion. Much more up close and personal. And potentially, much deadlier.
Preparing for the Campaign.
The preparation part is absolutely critical. A massive combined-arms operation is about as complex as things get. At the top, an insanely complex plan must be built – it must account for everything… from the amounts and timing of fuel delivery, to roles and positioning of various combat and support elements, to laying out every route, evaluating every contingency scenario, etc. etc. etc.- IDF had almost no time to prepare for the invasion of Gaza – that was an enormous disadvantage that’s hard to overstate.
- I’m sure Aman maintained a pretty decent picture with respect to Hamas’ capabilities, logistics, infrastructure, etc… but it certainly wasn’t a complete picture. The worst part about having no warning – there’s no time for combat units to rehearse, work out various operational bugs, etc.
Commanders didn’t have the channels or the correct maps to fire support. I saw overwhelming Russian fire power roll into a trivial ambush, stop… and then have no clue what to do (a American (or IDF) force fraction of that size could’ve rolled through that roadside ambush with barely a delay. But they simply never rehearsed this scenario across all the participating elements (many of which were sorta thrown together) – and so the heavies would get bunched up, infantry would dismount and scatter in the wrong direction… some tanks start backing up and then driving into a wrong field for whatever reason – and seemingly no one bothering to even return fire.
I saw an entire heavy armor battalion wiped out by a force of about 5 Ukrainian dudes with a couple Javelins, a couple machine guns, and a radio to a howitzer team a couple miles away.
A big part of preparation is mental. In peacetime, the training we go through is serious… but one never takes it fully seriously… everyone knows we’re play-acting in a way. Preparing for a real war takes time. The reality dawns slowly. It takes time for a unit to properly gel together a new environment, dust off old skills, string them together in rehearsals much closer to reality, and prepare mentality for the idea that you will soon be shot at (even though you can never fully prepare for it).
IDF didn’t have time to prepare and rehearse. Honestly, I was very worried for them. Especially after Oct. 7th, when it seemed that everyone was asleep at the wheel. I excepted a semi-botched invasion. But they executed about as flawlessly as it gets. Happy to say I was wrong. Someone certainly was asleep at the wheel on Oct 7th. But broadly speaking, whatever happened on the 7th woke up the tiny giant. That fearsome little hedgehog that gained a reputation for punching far above its weight is still there – alive and kicking.
- Jumping a bit ahead… I will do a separate post with a deeper dive into results-to-date. But I can tell you this much – the same thing happened to Hamas that happened to Taliban in 2001 (and to Israel’s enemies in the previous wars). A whole lot of hubris, boasting, stupid decisions – the “Allah is on our side” type of idiotic attitude. They didn’t know what was coming. And they got wrecked. IDF stomped them. Hamas isn’t finished – but it’s a shadow of itself at this point. October 7th was the biggest error that dumpster fire of an organization has ever made.
- I’m sure there will be lots of sympathizing… of the “well of course, since IDF is so big and strong, and Hamas are these tiny little freedom warriors” variety. Nah… nonsense. A force of tens of thousands luring a heavy, slow-moving enemy into a prepared urban battlefield, with fortifications, pre-planned logistics, ammo caches, etc., etc. – those aren’t the “little guys”. Taking the bait with virtually no notice was a dangerous proposition for IDF. But they took the bait and then ate the fisherman.
First order of battle – prepare the battlefield.
“Prepping the battlefield” is the reason you saw the initial strikes on the buildings before the ground elements moved in. It was not a revenge mission, as Qatari propaganda would have you believe. The buildings weren’t targeted randomly. Every target is a part of a thought-out plan. Every seemingly random target has a point – and it’s never random.For instance,
- There are the “easy” targets – known (or suspected) “offices” of Hamas, warehouses, potential FOBs, motor pools, communication hubs, etc. Any “offices” with “political affiliation” to Hamas that are easily repurposable or can serve as “friendly” rally points for enemy fighters. Etc. etc.
- Then there are the “clear the path” type of targets. For instance…
- Many of the buildings hit prior to the ground invasion were known (or highly likely) exit points above known tunnel systems. In other words, if there is a high degree of probability that the enemy could emerge in the building’s basement, work their way up, and turn the building into a fortified high-point… especially along a route that’s picked to be an MSR – the prudent thing is to bring that building down in advance. Once you get a column of vehicles onto an MSR – it’s not a decision you can undo easily. And a column of supply trucks stuck behind a disabled IFV and taking fire from four different dimensions – that’s a very bad day.
- Some buildings may be chosen to open up observation and fire support lanes prior to friendly convoys moving through… open up potential choke points for perimeter defense, or even choke off potential parallel and flanking routes, etc.
Think back to the ballet analogy of an invasion. A ballet needs a clean stage. And the city architecture can create massive tripping hazards. Countless hours went into developing an invasion plan, picking routes, and evaluating every foot of the path the invading force would take. The main “tripping hazards” were identified – and the airstrikes then followed to clear the stage before the curtain lifted.
Story time - real life example. A friend of mine was an MP platoon commander assigned to deliver unruly juveniles to a court building in an area that was “questionable”. Same route, predictable schedule, etc. (the local judge refused to leave the courthouse or make scheduling random and we were trying to “win hearts and minds”). In other words – prime opportunity to ambush a bunch of American Humvees. The route itself was tolerable – turn the convoy into an angry hedgehog, pedal to the metal, and have alternate routes mapped out to bypass trouble. But the square with the courthouse was basically tailor-made for trouble… mostly because of the layout and the surrounding architecture.
My buddy, having seen this movie before, decided he was going to change the ending. He gathered the local community “elders” (some local imams or some sh—t)… pointed to the buildings, and explained via a translator that if he (and the kids they’re protecting) take a single shot – he’s calling fire mission on every single building in the square, and the entire neighborhood will cease to exist.
Not that anyone would’ve authorized such a fire mission, unless the neighborhood really came down on them… and he knew that, of course. But he sounded convincing, the “elders” have already witnessed what American fire support looks like, and they decided to take him at his word and oblige. In three months of this idiotic assignment, not a single shot was fired (though other units got harassed within blocks of that particular square on a daily basis.
Back to IDF and the whole “blowing up buildings” thing. IDF entering Gaza simply didn’t have the luxury to negotiate with Gaza “elders” – Hamas are the elders. Putting myself in IDF’s shoes - If I’m entering an area already known to be preparing a nasty “welcome” … and I’m responsible for bringing my 18-19 year old kids home… Well, I’m sending a whole lot of grief at any building that even thinks to cause me trouble. And if I happen to be wrong – honestly... so be it.
- That doesn’t mean I would deliberately blow up a building known to be full of civilians. First… you try to get the populace to clear the area to begin with. If you have doubts – you try to find a different route. But if there isn’t an alternative route, the MSR is the MSR, and I have a supply convoy idling behind and begging to be hit if the forward element sits there another minute too long – well… I wasn’t the one who architected the f-ing place. Sorry, but you’ll have to rebuild.
- Again, I’m not endorsing invading cities… not making moral judgements one way or another… just explaining the reality as it is.
- And no. These decisions don’t ever sit easy. They stay with you for the rest of your life – questions you’ll never know the answers to. But I’ve already addressed this topic.
(Yeah, yeah… I know… “how can you pity the IDF – they’re not the ones who got their homes blown up”. Again, the point of this post is pragmatic reality – not moral comparisons or judgements. Of course it sucks to have your home blown up. But I’m explaining a soldier’s POV right now).
But at the end of the day – they have a job to do, and it has three parts. Job one – don’t botch the mission. Job two – help your troops stay alive. Job three – don’t use excessive force and look out for civilians. In that order.
Sidenote: There is a map I saw somewhere – an overlay that shows an old map of the known Gaza tunnels and overlay map of IDF aerial strikes. It shows quite clearly that the strikes weren’t random and follow the tunnel network quite closely. If you’ve seen it and know what I’m talking about – please link it.
Clearing Out Civilians. Again, I’m not in IDF. But from what I understand – they went to great lengths to warn the public before dropping bombs on those objectives. For a reference – we didn’t go to nearly such lengths. We didn’t have a database of numbers to call. Very few interpreters, etc. Generally, you’d try to notify the city to clear itself and, after an afforded period, you move in and hope that the civilians were wise enough to believe you. If IDF’s claims of the leaflets, announcements, and the phone calls they made are true (and I have no reason to doubt them) – it’s far above and beyond of what we (the US) ever did and what any other military in the world would do.
- I wouldn’t assign it to some super-humanitarian quality of IDF. Doubt they care about civilians any more or any less than we do. And giving the enemy too much notice doesn’t help your cause either. But it isn’t Israel’s first rodeo and they were well aware of the type of heat they were going to take from the “public opinion” internationally. But I commend them for trying nonetheless – despite whatever unpleasant personal feelings I’m sure many of them hold toward Gazans at the moment.
How to Clear a City
Following the “shock and awe” – the main force moves in. Fast, violent… preferably at night, to punch through to designated rally points by dawn.Everyone expects contact upon crossing the border but honestly – that almost never happens. For the infantry on the ground – the first few hours are usually just a lot of fear, anticipation but ultimately, boredom… and strained bladders… and the floor full of Gatorade bottles (PSA: if you see a bottle of Yellow Gatorade in a Humvee – don’t drink it).
Clearing Sectors. The city gets mapped into sectors, and the tedious and very dangerous work of clearing the city begins – sector by sector. Street by street. House by house.
Multiple elements may be operating in parallel to each other – on different assignments. And “not shooting each other” can be a challenge of its own – something to always keep in mind.
The basic idea is – you move into enemy’s neighborhood, essentially announcing “I’m in your house and I’m going to take it – come and stop me”. The forward elements go in, quite literally looking to slug it out with the bravest of the Jihadis.
It’s nothing like the movies, where some badass-looking special operators swoop in and kill everybody. That does happen of course, occasionally and at night – specialized teams will do point raids when a VIP target is identified (or some other compelling reason).
But mostly, you enter a neighborhood with brute force. Lots of big guns and even more rifles. Multiple houses will be getting cleared at the same time by multiple teams, with snipers watching overhead, big guns watching the streets outside, and blocking elements positioning themselves to intercept rabbits.
You never know what’s going to wait for you at a new place. It may seem quiet, but waiting to explode in an ambush. Sometimes, a strong point will be waiting for you, with an immediate greeting upon arrival – but that’s a suicidal proposition for them almost always. If that doesn’t happen – you should expect some nasty surprises when you start entering houses.
Sometimes, absolutely nothing happens – the neighborhood is quite like a church morning in a village and stays that way the entire time you’re there. But that’s not a relief – the next emotion is usually dread.
Clearing homes in an area you know to be trouble is about as terrifying of a job an infantryman can get. Over time, you develop a sixth sense for things – you can sorta tell what’s going to wait for you in the house.
We have certain tools to help with that as well… as well as plenty of advanced surveillance that will spot traffic in and out of a house long before you show up.
Aerial surveillance also helps us know what to expect upon arrival to a new sector (though it’s far from perfect). But, it’s much different for the IDF. I imagine that a tunnel exiting directly into a house will render any surveillance-based assumptions useless.
Sometimes, that sixth sense… the gut feeling tells you that this house will be bad. But the gut is often wrong, of course. And when your gut is wrong but it’s still talking to you – one of the scariest things in the world is that one last door left to be checked in the bedroom. Remember the fear of closet monsters when you were a kid? Yeah… now picture the tricks your imagination can play when closet monsters in that neighborhood come with explosives.
Why Tunnels are Important
- Tunnels add a fourth-dimension to an already nerve-wrecking environment.
- First, you lose your “eyes” on the sector in advance – effectively, you’re arriving blind, because surveillance can’t pick up enemy traffic moving into defensive positions when they arrive underground
- The dimension itself is simply unintuitive. An infantryman is used to scanning for enemy horizontally and vertically. They’re used to watching their step. They’re used to treating a random pile of garbage as potentially explosive. What they’re not used to is that pile of garbage being a potential tunnel exit that an RPG team pops up from behind you. We’re used to avoiding random piles of garbage and moving on – letting EOD deal with sh*t later. But IDF has to check every pile of garbage, lift every random piece of plywood, look under every bathtub in every house. Lift every rug. Stomp on every part of the floor. Basically – it’s f---king hell.
- When you discover a tunnel – it’s a whole different pain in the rear. Infantry isn’t trained in dealing with tunnels. They basically have to mark them and remain stationary until the tunnel “specialists” arrive. The idea of sector-by-sector clearing is that, once you clear it, you can declare it safe and move on. But when there is an active tunnel with an exist point behind you – there is nothing safe about that sector even if it’s quiet at the moment. And sitting idle in a neighborhood waiting to clear a tunnel certainly isn’t ideal in an urban operation where things are quite…uhm…dynamic.
What do you Do with Civilians?
- Civilians, in the meantime, get moved around. It’s not a pleasant experience – you try to treat them gently, but the resulting effect can still resemble more cattle than human. It’s particularly challenging, since there really isn’t a way for them to exit Gaza.
- What you’re doing is for their own benefit - the goal is to move them out of the harm’s way and (occasionally, depending on location and whether the nearest unit has the time and capacity) – round up the fighting age males for identification.
- In all reality, the action moves block by block. Setting up “checkpoints” in an active kill zone is not just ineffective – it would actively put civilians in harm’s way. Checkpoints do get set – but in areas that are more or less quiet and clear. Hamas would happily target soldiers who are distracted in a crowd of Palestinian civilians.
- And then there’s the usual propaganda – I lost count of how many videos I’ve seen claiming that IDF fired upon civilians, when it’s quite clear that either (a) civilians got caught-up in a Hamas attack on IDF or (b) militants just straight-up shot up a bunch of civilians to prevent them from following an evacuation route.
On the Enemy
I could say many things on Hamas in terms of violent Islamism, their perverse beliefs, the f-ed up “moral” code of such groups. But I’ll set that aside and speak of Hamas (based on experience with similar groups) purely in terms of their effectiveness and competence.- Ultimately, it’s an army of thugs. Rooted in boastfulness, peer pressure, etc.
- The overall ideology has a strong effect on the group. But its “strength” is based mainly on the group dynamic. Once the group dynamic is destroyed, the leadership is dead, and there is no one to witness or attest to “less-than-honorable” actions of individuals – it turns out that the “ideological” beliefs of many weren’t held all that deeply.
- They will run. They will hide. They will blend in.
- They’re quite good at things that we’d call “terrorism”… or just pure thugishnes.
- There is also the element of most fighters being young men. Young men feel invincible. Add to that a whole lot of peer pressure, the culture of “honor” (their definition of it), and just the general excitement young men fell when causing mischief. What you get is a rather annoying force of guerilla fighters. They certainly aren’t “good”… not even “effective” in terms of the damage such “guerilla” tactics cause. But they’re definitely effective in that they can tie-up a unit in an unnecessary, pointless fights. And they’ll do it with the energy and carelessness of youth – until the circumstances catch up with them. And after that happens – often there isn’t any of them left alive to serve as caution to others.
- There is of course the whole idea of “martyrdom”, etc. It’s certainly a powerful force. But it’s a much more of an obscure concept to these young men – dying isn’t something most of them actively seek… despite all the boastfulness.
Why are There So Many Naked Dudes in their Underwear?
You’ve all seen pics of Palestinian men being paraded around in their underwear. The most hilarious “explanation” that I’ve seen is that it’s a “form of sexual torture” by the IDF.First of… if that’s what you think – (a) you’re a bit… uhm… weird; and (b) no soldier… I don’t care if it’s the gayest dude who prances around in fairy outfits on weekends– no soldier actually wants to see this sh---t. It’s gross. They’re sweaty, scared, and pathetic. And (y’all seen the pictures) – usually, there isn’t much impressive to look at.
So… why? For the same exact reason prisoners get stripped down upon reporting to prison. And those reasons are much more amplified in a war zone. They are MEN of FIGHTING AGE in an ACTIVE COMBAT ZONE. Any number of them are for sure (100%) Hamas or affiliated with Hamas. That much is a fact. But an IDF soldier in an area that’s still hot with enemy activity has no tools to distinguish whether it’s an innocent civilian or someone who really shouldn’t be released.
Hence, all of them will be sent back for further investigation. They’re identity will be cross-checked with known databases of Hamas memberships. Their social media will probably be checked. Etc. Etc.
Why are they naked? Because when a dude walks up on you in a hostile area – you yell at him to stop, strip down at a distance, and do a 360 presentation of his gut and sweaty *ss crack for you. Yeah – it’s as gross as it sounds. The main fear is obvious - explosives and concealed weapons.
Eventually, they approach, get cuffed, blindfolded, and wait around for transport. And yeah… they stay in their underwear… because no soldier is going to volunteer to go collect gross, sweaty clothes for a bunch of random dudes and then try to figure out to whom each pair of pants belongs to. Sorry… but there are more important things to do when you’re collecting prisoners in an open yard in a neighborhood that was shooting at you 20 minutes ago. If you think there is anything “sexual” about it – you should probably see a psychiatrist.
Defining a “Combatant”
Defining a militant is difficult – some will be proper combatants. Others – just kids joining in the stupid excitement of violence.- Militants mostly move around in civilian clothes and empty-handed. By now, they know we can see them.
- Weapons are usually stored in known caches with plenty of ammo. IDF is finding them in houses on practically every street, from what I hear.
- That was the same MO in Afghanistan - farmers routinely would come down and claim that we killed “innocent kids” overnight. Nevermind our thermal footage of those “kids” and their 7.62 toys.
- Civilians, especially boys, can sometimes join the madness. Are they innocent? Well, fundamentally, of course they are – they’re kids. But things aren’t that simple in a combat zone. Those kids don’t just decide to pick-up rocks on their own. Where they grow up – the coolest guys in the neighborhood are the tough jihadis. The kids flock to them, run errands for them. When things get hot – the kids run surveillance for them, bring supplies. Quite often, the kids will assist in setting up IEDs.
- For instance, In many places we were in – the “specialist” who knows how to wire an IED is a VIP of sorts. And they’re familiar with our surveillance. So, an IED setup is a process – where civilians, often just kids, would be used to test our surveillance of the area. “Here is a shovel, kid… go dig a hole over on the other side of the street while we wait here to see if they infidels’ snipers have eyes on the street”.
- And sometimes, in the middle of a fight, those kids also decide to make an appearance. Of course, you don’t target the kids if you can help it. But say you round a corner... ready for a surprise – and there is something flying toward your face. That person will probably be dead before you even have a chance to recognize that it’s a kid.
- Of course, to a well-adjusted civilian, the idea of shooting a kid “over a rock” sounds insane. And it is. No one wants to shoot a kid over a rock. But when you’re stuck on a street that’s become a bullet funnel from a few blocks down, and someone keeps peeking in from the alley splitting the street and tossing things at you – most soldiers aren’t inclined to sit around to find out whether it’s a rock or a grenade.
How Most Civilian Casualties Happen.
The social media would have you believe that the initial bombing campaign was indiscriminate and that’s how most civilian casualties occurred. In reality, most civilians are killed in what’s called “dynamic” targeting.- Majority of civilian casualties will come from “dynamic targets”. Those are the buildings that weren’t targeted initially for destruction – the initial goal is to simply clear them. But if the enemy happens to get to the building first and IDF takes fire, eventually (after certain back and forth) the building will be targeted for an airstrike. These are dynamic targets that emerge unplanned, Aman has little to no intel on them, and the air assets can’t see if there are civilians hiding in the basement. After some time, they will drop a bomb on the building and move on (as they should and as any other military would do).
- I remember seeing a good thread on Twitter that showed how a neighborhood comes to being destroyed. It starts with pictures and background on a wealthy, upscale development in Gaza. Then shows the videos of IDF trying to move through the neighborhood and foot-mobile fire teams, trying to clear it building-by-building. Hamas, however, fortified the neighborhood, puts up a fight, and ultimately, IDF runs out of options to clear it safely. Eventually, fire missions are called in and the development ceases to exist. Not because IDF was intent to destroy it – they tried to save it. But ultimately, those IDF kids want to go home too… preferably not in body bags.
Ok... that was a lot. I plan on doing more posts. Things I plan to address:
- Looking at the results so far
- Tips for analyzing what you see on social media
- A question about "proportionality"
- A question on telling the difference between good-faith attempt to minimize casualties and disproportionate violence and war crimes.
- How do we know if IDF are following the professional moral code?
- Thoughts on the recent arrest warrants issued.
2024.05.23 19:59 astralrocker2001 Welcome to the Prison Planet
(The OP of this material is gone, but this analysis deserves to be seen again):
I can see that, like myself, many on this subreddit are beginning to realize the truth of what is taking place here on Earth. The question is: how do we know what is true? How do we discern the truth from the lies? Well, let's analyze our lives here on Earth for a moment: we are born on this planet, and by the time we grow up, we have no memory of the first few years of our life. We also have no memory of ourselves prior to life on this planet, we're not sure what we are doing here, or how we got here. There are so many of those "big questions" about life that are seemingly unanswered, and at the same time, we are presented with a plethora of these "belief systems" that offer the answers to these questions. We have all these different religions, seemingly just there, waiting for us to believe in them. We have non-religious belief systems as well; one can choose to be an atheist, or one can choose to believe in "modern scientism" or humanism. With all these different religions and belief systems to believe in, how can they possibly all be right?
What if they were all the right choice, because it doesn't matter what belief system you choose to believe, the only thing that matters is that you choose something. After all, life is all about making choices - right?
The Corrupt Demiurge and The Duality Trap
This planet is overcome with a sickness; there is an oppressive force manifesting this system, that is so cleverly designed that a person could live their entire life never once realizing that everything is designed to work against us. What is causing this to happen? The false light/dark duality simulation which controls the planet - and in doing so controls each and every one of us. The Hermetic Principle of Polarity, which is discussed in the esoteric work The Kybalion explains that all of the opposites that make up our world are in fact two extremes of one spectrum. Light and dark, hot and cold, love and hate - all just the two extreme ends of the same thing, making up the duality of this world we experience. This begs the question: what are the single spectrums that these opposites are representing?
This is a problem, indeed, as many of these spectrums being described by polarity are things that we seemingly do not have any words for, and therefore no thoughts or ideas as to what many of them even are! This is a paradox that can be troublesome to reconcile in our minds; it seems that these "spectrums" of duality are often just outside the limits of our comprehension. We can attempt to try: black and white must be the extreme ends of gray, hot and cold could be the extreme ends of warm... ok, were getting somewhere - but inevitably you run into pairs of opposites that are too difficult to reconcile into one spectrum. For example, the opposite of freedom seems to be slavery - what could that be a spectrum of - movement? Light and dark is another pair of opposites that is too rigid to find a middle ground for what it could be describing. What gives? Well, Hermeticism is one of the many belief systems set up to deceive and trap us into the false light/dark paradigm, or as it is called in ancient Gnostic texts The Corrupt Demiurge.
The Corrupt Demiurge is a horrible construct that has been holding the Earth hostage for thousands of years, and they are responsible for all the devastation done to our planet, including orchestrating some of the most horrendous events in human history. They inflict suffering upon Humanity relentlessly, because our suffering and negative energy is what feeds them and sustains them and keeps them alive. Using the duality of light/dark good/evil they convince each and every one of us to choose a side, to believe in something, and then when we "die" (which is just an illusion, we are eternal beings and we never actually die) they exploit our beliefs that our soul picked up during its life on Earth, and they trick us into reincarnating back on Earth again, to live another life of unneeded suffering and hardship, in the painful, unforgiving material world.
How do they do this? The Corrupt Demiurge is made up of beings that Gnostic texts refer to as archons, which we can think of as demons, jinns, Lucifer etc. Anyone who read my post yesterday probably knows that I call these archons "Soul-sucking fucks". I was angry, and you should be also, but you need to not just believe, but know that this is what is taking place here on our planet. The greatest trick of the archons is that they are not only the demons, but they are also the angels. By playing both the light and dark teams, they are able to convince us to keep falling into their trap of reincarnation, so they may continue to feed off of our energy, as they have been for many, many, incarnations here on Earth. Our memories remain perpetually wiped with each new incarnation, which explains why we don't remember anything when we get here. The archons have tricked all of us into making lots of agreements with them, which entail things such as not committing the same sins we were guilty of in our prior life, in our next life, if one were Christian for example. As we can see in our current situation on this planet the archons love making us feel bad about ourselves. The archons are violating our free will in a massive way because no being should have authority over another being. Look at all the authority we are subjected to here on Earth - it is suffocating. Every human being needs to realize that they are not a bad person, systems set in place by the archons such as Christianity make it impossible to live the life required to get into the "kingdom of heaven" (barf). Luckily - they are going to give you one more chance to get it right - again, and again, and again, and again... and again, and again, and again, and again... Are you starting to get angry yet? Because it's ok to get angry.
As Above, So Below.
When the Demiurge first took hold on planet Earth thousands of years ago, Human beings were already aware of the true source of all creation, the true God that runs through each one of us, we have become so detached from this truth over thousands of years of abuse from the archons that the great majority of us are not aware of this. Because of the awareness of God by many of the people on the planet, the Demiurge had to initially create almost every single one of the world's religions today. Of course, the abrahamic religions have the most powerful stronghold over us. Just about every belief system is a trap set up by them, however. The only exceptions to this that I know of are, of course Gnosticism and perhaps Buddhism. Why trust Gnosticism? Well, it was declared heresy by the catholic church in the third century, as catholicism was asserting its world domination and killing any non-believers. Most of the Gnostic scrolls we have today were discovered in Egypt in 1945, and they are known as The Nag Hammadi, named for the town they were discovered in. They had been buried in a jar for centuries, placed there by someone who was looking out for the future of Humanity, no doubt.
The Corrupt Demiurge have a hierarchy of henchmen, here on Earth, that carry out their reign of destruction throughout Human history. I believe the actual reason for the founding fathers coming to America was to kill all the Native Americans, just as white settlers did to many tribal communities in South America, because these people knew about their connection to the one true God. They have higher ups that take the light path, such as the pope, as well as the dark path, such as many thirty-third degree masons. These people within the Demiurge hierarchy systems are rewarded by feeding off of our suffering as well as the energy of our worship and adoration - look at the energy given to people like the pope, and trump, and hollywood celebrities in the form of idolatry and worship. This, of course, is nothing compared to the false-idol leader of the Demiurge, the god of the bible himself: Yahweh aka Lucifer. The king of the false light/dark duality trap himself. (As a side note, I do believe the moon is a big part of how they create the duality paradigm. I never did like the moon...)
As above, so below refers to the Demiurge's system of patriarchal hierarchies in the abrahamic religions (above), and the patriarchal hierarchies of our governments (below). Notice arch(on) in the words patri(arch)al hier(arch)ies? As well as the (arch)angels. It's about time for some an(arch)y to take place.
What are we supposed to believe in?
We need to believe in ourselves. We need to believe that we are sovereign beings, and nobody has authority over us. We need to believe that we are more powerful than them, because we have the true source of creation within us, and they do not because they worship a false idol (Yahweh). We need to believe that the religious figures so many believe are real, but they are all the archons, and they will trick us into reincarnating here yet again. We need to not fear the government, as they try to scare us into submission with the covid pandemic. The last thing they want us to know is that we are more powerful than they are. We need to stop being distracted with the material world, as well as technology that is just more of the Demiurgic illusion.
We need to all start waking up to our true power, and cut off this parasitic group of evil beings feeding supply. Stop choosing good or evil. The church has perverted the trinity of creation. Creation is a trinity: positive, negative and NEUTRAL. Reject the notion that you are a bad or good person. If you do this you will begin to see the archons in your life, waking and sleeping. They will come to you in dreams, and many people on this planet are them in disguise. They will do anything to get you back into their trap, using angels, demons, or any other of their tricks. They will make your life miserable, but they cannot hurt you - the real you - your soul. The elite are getting ready to roll out their Saturn Black Cube religion, which I believe is hardline materialism, as it is the easiest way to trap us. That is why they have been pushing to put an end to spirituality and beliefs in a God. If enough people wake up to this, things will get REAL.
tl;dr: try reading the Nag Hammadi if you think this is long.
If you want to know more about this, please read these articles that go into much greater detail than I could ever hope to. These articles are very helpful in learning more about THE TRUTH:
Why I am No longer a Lightworker: https://web.archive.org/web/20230328130345/https://www.ascensionhelp.com/blog/2013/08/23/why-i-am-no-longer-a-light-worke
Tell the "Lords" of Karma that you are Sovereign - No Longer a Lightworker Part 2: https://web.archive.org/web/20230722053437/http://www.ascensionhelp.com/blog/2013/11/21/tell-the-lords-of-karma-that-you-are-sovereign-no-longer-a-lightworker-part-2/
WAKE UP
submitted by astralrocker2001 to ReincarnationTruth [link] [comments]
I can see that, like myself, many on this subreddit are beginning to realize the truth of what is taking place here on Earth. The question is: how do we know what is true? How do we discern the truth from the lies? Well, let's analyze our lives here on Earth for a moment: we are born on this planet, and by the time we grow up, we have no memory of the first few years of our life. We also have no memory of ourselves prior to life on this planet, we're not sure what we are doing here, or how we got here. There are so many of those "big questions" about life that are seemingly unanswered, and at the same time, we are presented with a plethora of these "belief systems" that offer the answers to these questions. We have all these different religions, seemingly just there, waiting for us to believe in them. We have non-religious belief systems as well; one can choose to be an atheist, or one can choose to believe in "modern scientism" or humanism. With all these different religions and belief systems to believe in, how can they possibly all be right?
What if they were all the right choice, because it doesn't matter what belief system you choose to believe, the only thing that matters is that you choose something. After all, life is all about making choices - right?
The Corrupt Demiurge and The Duality Trap
This planet is overcome with a sickness; there is an oppressive force manifesting this system, that is so cleverly designed that a person could live their entire life never once realizing that everything is designed to work against us. What is causing this to happen? The false light/dark duality simulation which controls the planet - and in doing so controls each and every one of us. The Hermetic Principle of Polarity, which is discussed in the esoteric work The Kybalion explains that all of the opposites that make up our world are in fact two extremes of one spectrum. Light and dark, hot and cold, love and hate - all just the two extreme ends of the same thing, making up the duality of this world we experience. This begs the question: what are the single spectrums that these opposites are representing?
This is a problem, indeed, as many of these spectrums being described by polarity are things that we seemingly do not have any words for, and therefore no thoughts or ideas as to what many of them even are! This is a paradox that can be troublesome to reconcile in our minds; it seems that these "spectrums" of duality are often just outside the limits of our comprehension. We can attempt to try: black and white must be the extreme ends of gray, hot and cold could be the extreme ends of warm... ok, were getting somewhere - but inevitably you run into pairs of opposites that are too difficult to reconcile into one spectrum. For example, the opposite of freedom seems to be slavery - what could that be a spectrum of - movement? Light and dark is another pair of opposites that is too rigid to find a middle ground for what it could be describing. What gives? Well, Hermeticism is one of the many belief systems set up to deceive and trap us into the false light/dark paradigm, or as it is called in ancient Gnostic texts The Corrupt Demiurge.
The Corrupt Demiurge is a horrible construct that has been holding the Earth hostage for thousands of years, and they are responsible for all the devastation done to our planet, including orchestrating some of the most horrendous events in human history. They inflict suffering upon Humanity relentlessly, because our suffering and negative energy is what feeds them and sustains them and keeps them alive. Using the duality of light/dark good/evil they convince each and every one of us to choose a side, to believe in something, and then when we "die" (which is just an illusion, we are eternal beings and we never actually die) they exploit our beliefs that our soul picked up during its life on Earth, and they trick us into reincarnating back on Earth again, to live another life of unneeded suffering and hardship, in the painful, unforgiving material world.
How do they do this? The Corrupt Demiurge is made up of beings that Gnostic texts refer to as archons, which we can think of as demons, jinns, Lucifer etc. Anyone who read my post yesterday probably knows that I call these archons "Soul-sucking fucks". I was angry, and you should be also, but you need to not just believe, but know that this is what is taking place here on our planet. The greatest trick of the archons is that they are not only the demons, but they are also the angels. By playing both the light and dark teams, they are able to convince us to keep falling into their trap of reincarnation, so they may continue to feed off of our energy, as they have been for many, many, incarnations here on Earth. Our memories remain perpetually wiped with each new incarnation, which explains why we don't remember anything when we get here. The archons have tricked all of us into making lots of agreements with them, which entail things such as not committing the same sins we were guilty of in our prior life, in our next life, if one were Christian for example. As we can see in our current situation on this planet the archons love making us feel bad about ourselves. The archons are violating our free will in a massive way because no being should have authority over another being. Look at all the authority we are subjected to here on Earth - it is suffocating. Every human being needs to realize that they are not a bad person, systems set in place by the archons such as Christianity make it impossible to live the life required to get into the "kingdom of heaven" (barf). Luckily - they are going to give you one more chance to get it right - again, and again, and again, and again... and again, and again, and again, and again... Are you starting to get angry yet? Because it's ok to get angry.
As Above, So Below.
When the Demiurge first took hold on planet Earth thousands of years ago, Human beings were already aware of the true source of all creation, the true God that runs through each one of us, we have become so detached from this truth over thousands of years of abuse from the archons that the great majority of us are not aware of this. Because of the awareness of God by many of the people on the planet, the Demiurge had to initially create almost every single one of the world's religions today. Of course, the abrahamic religions have the most powerful stronghold over us. Just about every belief system is a trap set up by them, however. The only exceptions to this that I know of are, of course Gnosticism and perhaps Buddhism. Why trust Gnosticism? Well, it was declared heresy by the catholic church in the third century, as catholicism was asserting its world domination and killing any non-believers. Most of the Gnostic scrolls we have today were discovered in Egypt in 1945, and they are known as The Nag Hammadi, named for the town they were discovered in. They had been buried in a jar for centuries, placed there by someone who was looking out for the future of Humanity, no doubt.
The Corrupt Demiurge have a hierarchy of henchmen, here on Earth, that carry out their reign of destruction throughout Human history. I believe the actual reason for the founding fathers coming to America was to kill all the Native Americans, just as white settlers did to many tribal communities in South America, because these people knew about their connection to the one true God. They have higher ups that take the light path, such as the pope, as well as the dark path, such as many thirty-third degree masons. These people within the Demiurge hierarchy systems are rewarded by feeding off of our suffering as well as the energy of our worship and adoration - look at the energy given to people like the pope, and trump, and hollywood celebrities in the form of idolatry and worship. This, of course, is nothing compared to the false-idol leader of the Demiurge, the god of the bible himself: Yahweh aka Lucifer. The king of the false light/dark duality trap himself. (As a side note, I do believe the moon is a big part of how they create the duality paradigm. I never did like the moon...)
As above, so below refers to the Demiurge's system of patriarchal hierarchies in the abrahamic religions (above), and the patriarchal hierarchies of our governments (below). Notice arch(on) in the words patri(arch)al hier(arch)ies? As well as the (arch)angels. It's about time for some an(arch)y to take place.
What are we supposed to believe in?
We need to believe in ourselves. We need to believe that we are sovereign beings, and nobody has authority over us. We need to believe that we are more powerful than them, because we have the true source of creation within us, and they do not because they worship a false idol (Yahweh). We need to believe that the religious figures so many believe are real, but they are all the archons, and they will trick us into reincarnating here yet again. We need to not fear the government, as they try to scare us into submission with the covid pandemic. The last thing they want us to know is that we are more powerful than they are. We need to stop being distracted with the material world, as well as technology that is just more of the Demiurgic illusion.
We need to all start waking up to our true power, and cut off this parasitic group of evil beings feeding supply. Stop choosing good or evil. The church has perverted the trinity of creation. Creation is a trinity: positive, negative and NEUTRAL. Reject the notion that you are a bad or good person. If you do this you will begin to see the archons in your life, waking and sleeping. They will come to you in dreams, and many people on this planet are them in disguise. They will do anything to get you back into their trap, using angels, demons, or any other of their tricks. They will make your life miserable, but they cannot hurt you - the real you - your soul. The elite are getting ready to roll out their Saturn Black Cube religion, which I believe is hardline materialism, as it is the easiest way to trap us. That is why they have been pushing to put an end to spirituality and beliefs in a God. If enough people wake up to this, things will get REAL.
tl;dr: try reading the Nag Hammadi if you think this is long.
If you want to know more about this, please read these articles that go into much greater detail than I could ever hope to. These articles are very helpful in learning more about THE TRUTH:
Why I am No longer a Lightworker: https://web.archive.org/web/20230328130345/https://www.ascensionhelp.com/blog/2013/08/23/why-i-am-no-longer-a-light-worke
Tell the "Lords" of Karma that you are Sovereign - No Longer a Lightworker Part 2: https://web.archive.org/web/20230722053437/http://www.ascensionhelp.com/blog/2013/11/21/tell-the-lords-of-karma-that-you-are-sovereign-no-longer-a-lightworker-part-2/
WAKE UP
2024.05.23 06:35 stlatos Dark of Moon: Sky Myths & the Etymology of Odysseus
https://www.academia.edu/119846820
Some myths deal with stars, the sun, moon, etc. All should know and recognize this, yet many obvious examples have been left unanalyzed in this way. A backlash against interpreting myths as representing nature, seasons, heavenly bodies, etc., comes from the history of comparative mythology. Though all certain cases of the Sun(-God) in myths were recognized as solar by Max Müller (Whalen 2023), and a period of heavy nature analysis began. Unfortunately, even with this obvious even 200 years ago, his tendency to theorize that this meant that all words for these figures came from words for ‘sun’ makes it difficult for other scholars to pick out the true aspects among the false. Just because some were first told of the Sun, not all stories remain the same over time. The same tale can be told of many figures, some popular incidents included in stories that originally were much shorter and about someone else entirely. He also extended his solar theory to every myth that might have been about the Sun, with no evidence, leading to contradictions, and etymologized most names from ‘sun’, ‘day’, etc. (known sound changes were fewer then, so many make no sense).
His followers also extended his ideas and made them their own. This often led to each scholar focusing only on his own specialty, and interpreting all myths in that framework. Thus, one might see all gods as the storm, all fights as thunderstorms, etc. This often led to incompatible analyses of the same myths by each scholar of this school, multiplying without end. This could not go on, and the once-popular field became completely overturned. Afterwards, even saying that a an obvious analog of the sun was a Sun-God was seen as distasteful. From Bilić :
>
It was once popular to interpret Gilgameš… as a solar hero or a sun god and to analyse his exploits in terms of (especially annual) solar movement… This interpretation reflects the influence of the once omnipresent solar-myth (or nature-myth in a wider sense) paradigm that dominated the 19th-c. discussions on myth… Despite the heavily ideologised dismissal of the solanature-myth paradigm… as well as the inadequacies of its rival and conqueror, the anthropological-fertility paradigm, the eccentricities of the former frequently did not require an especially meticulous criticism in order to be refuted. The interpretations of Gilgameš’s exploits in terms of solar movement withered away in the light of these developments and are today deservedly not taken very seriously… Keeping in mind a clear understanding ofthis problem, it does not automatically follow that the explicit solar referencesin Gilgameš’s itinerary should be discarded together with this antiquated interpretative strategy.
>
There should be no need to apologize or require special pleading to see the sun as the sun. A dismissal of nature myths is still influencing study much too heavily. For example, Walker saw the Divine Twins as created to fulfill societal roles, ignoring such facts as their driving the chariots of the Sun and Moon, which led to Norelius’ description :
>
The author’s central thesis is that the twin gods originated in the early phase of Proto-Indo-European horse domestication, before the invention of the spoked wheel and the warchariot… its primary use appears to have been in catle herding. Keeping watch over herds was probably a low-status activity; in many Indo-European societies (ancient Greece, Iran, India) it was undertaken by young men who had yet to enter a setled married life and were not full members of society. The riding twin gods, envisaged as youths, were divine counterparts of these cattle herders, and their position in the pantheon was correspondingly low. Their mythical roles as helpers, healers, and rescuers from peril are also ascribed to their servile nature… The possibility of their being the morning and evening stars, which would account for their connection to twilight, has been discussed by Donald Ward, as well as by Thomas Oberlies in his volumes on the religion of the Ṛgveda (not cited), but receives very litlec onsideration in this book; nor does Douglas Frame’s suggestion that they represent the twilights. ‘Nature mythology’ is briefy discussed and dismissed as a 19th-century fantasy. Of course, gods may represent natural phenomena while at the same time being modelled on social types; and I think this is the case with the divine twins, whose family, indeed, consists entirely of nature deities.
>
Indeed, it makes no sense to remove all nature from mythology, only because it once held too high a place. Though I do not feel all IE gods can be analyzed only by their origin, often in nature, it plays a part. So too do later versions of gods, with their myths turned into folktales (or a return to form, since the origin of myth in popular tales is one theory). I want to try what Müller did for Odysseus, but as a part of a larger whole, and with better knowledge of related myths and IE sound changes. Hermes’ son Autolycus (Autólukos) was clearly a clever thief whose adventures were from the same origin as Hermes’ own. Autolycus’ grandson, Odysseus, was no less a mythical version of the hero who was both strong and clever. It would be impossible to understand any of these as only the Sun, but in any myth made of many parts, changing and mixing with others over the years, each aspect should be given attention. As an equation of Hermes and Apollo as two versions of one original god is needed if any comparative mythology for either is valid. For further solar aspects, see Bilić’s analysis :
>
The section of Odysseus’ voyage from Laestrygonia by way of Aeaea to Hades and back to Aeaea, which is often interpreted in cosmological terms, more precisely, in terms of solar movement… represents a convenient background against which the corresponding Mesopotamian material can be studied. This particular line of interpretation is firmly based on the text itself, with its repeated emphasis on explicit solar features, such as the island of sunrise, Circe’s solar ancestry, the lack or excess of sunlight (the Cimmerians and Laestrygonians, respectively), to which we may add the gates of the sun from a similar context. Moreover, the features that can be inferred as solar in character, such as the rock associated with the world of the dead and—in a similar context—the daily course of the sun, the town of “distant (probably solar) gates” (Telepylus) and the hero following the nocturnal section of the daily course of the sun upon the circumambient Ocean, can also be added to this list.
>
Indeed, it is possible to interpret the section of Odysseus’ voyage from Aeaea to Hades and back in terms of the diurnal course of the sun(-god) upon a flat earth in combination with a vertical descent to the world of the dead… The cosmological nature of Odysseus’ voyage as a whole was recognized by the Homeric exegete Crates of Mallos, as attested in both literary and cartographic sources… Crates interpreted the section of Odysseus’ voyage from Aeaea to Hades in terms… especially… the interpretative framework of the annual solar voyage.
>
The journey to the Underworld could represent the death of the sun each day, or the supposed death and renewal of the sun as an explanation of the heat and cold of the seasons. A “great year” of 19 years is used to have the solar and lunar year match; his return after 20 years could be based on this (though 10 or 20 is not an uncommon number, but see 108 below). The timing of his return is also significant, at Apollo’s festival at the dark of the moon. Both this and his return mark the start of a year. Apollo is clearly a Sun-God, if anyone is, and his favor of Odysseus can not really be explained as anything but an equation (in story terms, Apollo should hate him for his actions against Troy in the Iliad). Odysseus is the only one who can draw a bow during Apollo’s festival (bows were associated with Paris of Troy in the Iliad), and his killings are absolved by Apollo. Just as Paris used a bow with Apollo’s explicit help to kill Achilles and is a clear version of the god, the same is necessary for Odysseus (at least in this section). In more context (Frame) :
>
Odysseus returns at the dark of the moon. The festival of Apollo being celebrated when he reveals himself and regains his kingdom is thus a new-moon festival. The season is spring, and the new moon, marking the restoration of Odysseus’ kingship, also marks the beginning of a new year. In contemporary Miletus the king’s power would also have been ritually renewed at the start of the new year, in the spring…
>
Apollo’s festival in the Odyssey is widely assumed to be that for the new moon, which, with other divisions of the month, was sacred to Apollo. The identification of the new moon festival rests on the word lukabas which the disguised Odysseus twice uses of his own impending return, speaking first to Eumaeus and then to Penelope (Odyssey 14.16l–162, 19.306–307):
In this very lukabas Odysseus will come,
when one month ends and another begins.
While both meaning and etymology are obscure for the word lukabas, it is clearly connected here with the interlunium, the dark of the moon: the hidden Odysseus will reappear like the moon after its three days in hiding.
>
Another oddity is the group of suitors that Odysseus must kill. They are 108 in number, which is two 2’s and three 3’s ( 2×2×3×3×3 ). This might simply be a generic mystical number or used because it can be divided in several ways without remainder. However, it is found in other cultures and sometimes has astronomical signifance. For example, Indian division of the sky and year into 27 nakshatras, each with 4 padas. Since both groups might have retained similar PIE ideas of numerology and astronomy, I can’t immediately dismiss a possible connection. If so, it might figure into the Sun-God being lord of all sections of the sky or year.
Part of this analysis involved the Greek word lukábās. Frame said :
>
There is no doubt that Odysseus returns with the new moon. But the word used to designate the new moon is not a perspicuous term like noumēnia, “new month,” but the oracular-sounding lukabas. This word, which in Homer is accompanied by a gloss to explain it, is far from perspicuous in terms of etymology, or even meaning. To conclude this study, which by the nature of its subject has been speculative, speculation on this dark word seems not inappropriate, and the place to start is the meaning of lukabas in Homer, namely “dark of the moon.” In its few occurrences in later Greek, mostly poetic and oracular in context, lukabas means “year.” In the Odyssey lukabas could mean “year,” but this would rob the disguised Odysseus’ prophecy of its urgency: returning “this very year, at the end of one month and the beginning of another,” would mean a possible wait of up to a year for Odysseus to appear. It is generally agreed that context requires τοῦδ’ αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος to mean “at this very new moon,” as is made clear in the line following, which is in fact a gloss.
>
I am sure that, just as ‘winter’ was often interchangeable with ‘year’ (PIE *dwi-g^himno- ‘2 winters (old)’ > L. bīmus ‘two years (old)’, *dvi-zivn > Wg. düzun-zālǝ ‘heifer in its 3rd year’, *tk^mto-g^himno- > Skt. śatá-hima- ‘100 years old’), the period ending & beginning each year became a poetic word for ‘year’. This should have no effect on the rest of Odysseus’ relations to other myth, but since G. lukábās / lukámās ‘dark of the moon’ contains luk-, as Odysseus might (*oluksew-s > G. Odusseús / Olutteus / Ōlixēs, L. Ulixēs), its origin should be firmly understood to make sure it doesn’t provide any other insights first. Both PIE *leuk- ‘light / bright’ and *-luk- / *-duk- also show alternation of l / d (G. *Poluleúkēs ‘very bright’ > Poludeúkēs ‘Pollux’, like Sanskrit Purūrávas- ‘*very hot’), so being sure of each part seems best.
Levaniouk had a similar problem with it :
>
First of all, let Zeus be my witness, the highest and best of the gods,
and then the hearth of flawless Odysseus, to which I have come:
all the things I proclaim will come true.
Odysseus will come back here within this very lukabas,
with one month waning and the next one beginning. (Odyssey 19.303–307)
Scholia explain lukabas as ‘year’, and Wilamowitz accordingly interpreted the expression τοῦδ’ αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος to mean ‘within this year’. Suggested etymologies connect the word with light, (root *leuk- as in λύχνος, λεύσσω, Latin lux), and βαίνω (Leumann 1950:212n4, Stanford 1965:222 ad loc., Ameis and Hentze 1895 ad loc.) Koller 1973:29–33 suggested *λύκα βάντα, ‘the light having gone’. Others seek pre-Greek origins connecting the word with the name of the Attic mountain Λυκαβηττός (Ruijgh 1957:147, 1979:559–60), or suggest a Semitic connection (Szemerenyi 1974:144–57), see also Hoekstra 1992:204 (on Odyssey 14.161) and Russo 1992:91 (on Odyssey 19.306) and Chantraine 1999 s.v. The idea that lukabas is a festival of Apollo Lykeios or Lykios was put forth by van Windekens 1954:31–4. Whether this is actually the meaning of lukabas seems doubtful, but a connection with the festival of Apollo is clear in the context of the Odyssey (see Russo 1992:92 on Odyssey 19.306–7). Austin (1975:244–246) argues that the word signifies the ‘dark of the moon’, a period of a few days when the old moon has waned but the new one is not yet clearly visible. He is followed on this point by the recent commentaries (Rutherford 1992:175, Russo 1992:92, both on Odyssey 19.306–307). In Book 19, therefore, lukabas denotes “the interlunar period about to end with the new moon festival of the god” (Russo 1992.92).
>
Their ideas involve lukábās being original, not lukámās. Since the stem is lukábant-, dissimilation of *m-n > b-n makes more sense than the reverse (possibly after the change of *-nts > -_s, eliminating the nasal in the nom., creating variation m / b in the paradigm). This requires a division like amphi-lúkē ‘twilight’ and lukóphōs ‘twilight’. This would make it a compound :
luk- ‘light’
āmáō / amáō ‘reap / cut / mow down (in battle)’
*luk-amant- ‘dividing the light / period between moons/months’ > lukábās / lukámās
This word supposedly has nothing to do with Odusseús, said to be from odúsasthai ‘hate’ (PIE *H3od- ‘hate / stink’). When he disguised himself as a beggar, he also gave his name as Aithōn ‘raging’ in a pun on this. However, almost all ancient attempts at etymology are wrong. This does not explain d / l (and nothing regular can). Since many mythical figures have names ending in -ōn, -aios, -eus, added to simple nouns or adj. (Aigeús, Aigaíōn, Aktaíōn, Amphíōn, Erekhtheús, *wlukWawyōn > Lukáōn), looking for *oduk- or *oluk- seems best. Men with names derived from animals in myths often could turn into them (or were forced to), like Lukáōn and lúkos ‘wolf’. Aktaíōn probably comes from *aktawyo- ‘horned’ (*H2ak^- ‘point’), for example.
The variants Odusseús / Olutteus / Ōlixēs require *d or *l > d / l and *ks or *ts > ks / tt / ss. Many words show ks vs. ts (*ksom / *tsom ‘with’ > xun- / sun-; *órnīth-s > órnīs ‘bird’, Dor. órnīx; *(s)trozd(h)o- > Li. strãzdas, Att. stroûthos ‘sparrow’, *tsouthros > xoûthros; *ksw(e)rd- > W. chwarddu ‘laugh’, Sog. sxwarð- ‘shout’, *tsw(e)rd- > G. sardázō ‘deride’; *ksw(e)izd- > Skt. kṣviḍ- ‘hum / murmur’, L. sībilus ‘whistling / hissing’, *tswizd- > G. sízō ‘hiss’; Whalen 2024c) and since *ty and *ky both merged and became ss / tt, an intermediate *ty > *tty > *tsy / *ksy makes sense. No other known word shows *ky > ks, but this fits the needed changes and old names often retain old changes seldom seem. One word that might match is G. lússa / lútta ‘rage / fury / mania / rabies’, likely < *wluk-ya ‘wolfishness’ << lúkos ‘wolf’, which might explain tradition about his name’s connection with being hated. His grandfather Autolycus gave him this name, and his own was made of ‘self’ and ‘wolf’ (possibly originally ‘man-wolf’, though also possible is ‘lone wolf’, since related *H2awtiyo- ‘away from (others) / by oneself’ also produced G. aúsios ‘idle’, Go. auþeis ‘deserted / barren’, ON auðr ‘desolate’). He supposedly had this name because he could turn into a wolf (his tricky wife also could turn into animals), and both crafty Autolycus and Odysseus seem based on Hermes (mythical figures with several names are often split into 2 due to confusion or contradictory traditions, such as Erekhtheús and Erikhthónios), so it’s unlikely their names are unrelated. It is clear that names like *wlukWawyōn > Lukáōn exist (directly associated with wolves), and other IE myths include heroes who turn into beasts or become bestial (Cú Chulainn is also named after a dog & a berserker, Bödvar Bjarki with bears (maybe related to Beowulf)). I also see Greek sound changes (some likely only in dialects) as responsible for making lússa / lútta and -luss- / lutt- appear with different variants in these words (o- vs. 0-, tt/ss vs. tt/ss/ks).
In *wlkWo-s ‘wolf’ > TB walkwe, Go. wulfs, L. lupus, G. lúkos, Alb. ulk, the G. and Alb. words supposedly show metathesis of *wl- > *lw- > *lu-. This is tradition, an attempt at keeping all change regular, but the many variants with wR and Ru in IE are NOT regular. *l > lu would not be regular on its own. However, other words show rounding of syllabic C’s between round/labial C’s without the loss of any of them (*plH1u- ‘many’ > Skt. purú-, G. polús, Arm. yolov ‘many (people)’) and Arm. & G. could change *o > u in the same environment (*morm- ‘ant’ > G. bórmāx / búrmāx / múrmāx; *wrombo- > rhómbos / rhómbos ‘spinning-wheel’, *wodo:r ‘water’ > G. húdōr, *megWno- ‘naked’ > Arm. merk, *mogWno- > *mugno- > G. gumnós). Since some dialects have all *l > ol / lo, we can’t even say if *wlkWo-s > *wlokWo-s > *wlukWo-s would be irregular or require any more sound changes than already known. Several Arm. & Greek words vary between l- and ol- (Arm. ołork -i- ‘smooth / polished’, lerk -i- ‘smooth / hairless’, *slibro- > OE slipor ‘slippery’, G. (o)librós, *sl(e)idh-(ro)- > Skt. srédhati, W. llithro, G. olisthērós ‘slippery’), so there is no reason luss- and Oluss- need to be unrelated. This is even more likely since lússa came from *wl-, and *w- optionally became o- in some IE :
Skt. vípra- ‘stirred? / inwardly excited / inspired’, Av. vifra- / ōifra- ‘shaking?, tossed in the waters?’
*windho-s > MIr find ‘a hair’, *winlo- > L. villus ‘shaggy hair / tuft of hair’
*windho-s > *winthos > *óinthos > íonthos ‘young hair’
There are several Indo-European groups of words for ‘wolf’, ‘fox’, and similar animals that often began with *wl-, but with al- in G. & Arm. (Whalen 2024a) :
*wlp-(e)Hk^o- > Li. vilpišỹs ‘wildcat’, L. vulpēs ‘fox’
*wlep-ano- > H. ulippana- ‘wolf’, *welp-an(a:)- > Alb. dhelpën ‘fox’
*lewp-eHk(^)o- > Skt. lopāśá- \ lopāka-, etc.
? > *aloHp-eHk^- > G. alṓpēx \ alōpós, Arm. ałuēs
In light of my *wl- > (o)l- in ‘wolf’, it is possible that *olṓpēx existed with dissimilation (or a similar change at an earlier time). It is hard to know for sure, but maybe *H3lewp-eHk^- > Skt. lopāśá-, *wloH3p-eHk^- > *oloxWp-eHk^- > G. alṓpēx (and if H3 = xW or another round C, dissimilation of *w-W is also possible).
These allow *wluks-ya ‘wolfishness’ to produce *wluksyew-s. Not only would this be like *wlukWawyo- ‘wolf-like’ >> *wlukWawyōn > Lukáōn, but G. Odusseús seems to be a direct match with Paeonian Lúkpeios (a king). The many names in -eus seem to come from older *-ewyos (Whalen 2024b), and *wlukWyewyos might give both if Paeonian had dissimilation of *y-y > 0-y (though a match this direct is not needed). Kings around Greece speaking languages closely related to Greek sometimes had names from legendary kings (Phrygian Midas < *med- ‘rule’, likely Bithynian Ziboítēs \ Tiboítēs \ Zeipoítēs was cognate with G. despótēs < *dems-poti- ‘master’), so a common tradition about a King named ‘wolf-like’ is not out of the question.
These words and names should not be left unexplained. Variation due to dialects is known in Greek, so the variants Odusseús / Olutteus / Ōlixēs do not require foreign origin. Many names from myths show d / l, and other IE languages in the area had the same (Ph., Anatolian optional T > l). If d / l is not regular in Anatolian or Greek, why would l / d in this name support an Anatolian origin? Seeing any oddity in a word, even one from myth, is not a license to reject its origin in the language it is known from in favor of yet more obscure origins.
Bilić, Tomislav (2022) Following in the Footsteps of the Sun: Gilgameš, Odysseus and Solar Movement
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363553063_Following_in_the_Footsteps_of_the_Sun_Gilgames_Odysseus_and_Solar_Movement
Frame, Douglas (2022) The End of the Odyssey
In “Poetic (Mis)quotations in Plato,” ed. Gwenda-lin Grewal. Special issue, Classics@ 22
http://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HLNC.ESSAY:102302566
Levaniouk, Olga (2011) Eve of the Festival: Making Myth in Odyssey 19
Hellenic Studies Series 46. Washington, DC: Center for Hellenic Studies
http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.ebook:CHS_Levaniouk.Eve_of_the_Festival.2011
https://archive.chs.harvard.edu/CHS/article/display/3760.11-the-conversation
Whalen, Sean (2023) The Separation of the Sun and Moon
https://www.reddit.com/mythology/comments/10qeu8f/the_separation_of_the_sun_and_moon/
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Indo-European Words for ‘Wolf’, ‘Fox’ (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/113713478
Whalen, Sean (2024b) Greek *we- > eu- and Linear B Symbol *75 = WE / EW (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114410023
Whalen, Sean (2024c) Indo-European Bear Goddesses: Greek Ártemis, Celtic Artion- (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/116281605
submitted by stlatos to mythology [link] [comments]
- nature myths and the nature of myths
Some myths deal with stars, the sun, moon, etc. All should know and recognize this, yet many obvious examples have been left unanalyzed in this way. A backlash against interpreting myths as representing nature, seasons, heavenly bodies, etc., comes from the history of comparative mythology. Though all certain cases of the Sun(-God) in myths were recognized as solar by Max Müller (Whalen 2023), and a period of heavy nature analysis began. Unfortunately, even with this obvious even 200 years ago, his tendency to theorize that this meant that all words for these figures came from words for ‘sun’ makes it difficult for other scholars to pick out the true aspects among the false. Just because some were first told of the Sun, not all stories remain the same over time. The same tale can be told of many figures, some popular incidents included in stories that originally were much shorter and about someone else entirely. He also extended his solar theory to every myth that might have been about the Sun, with no evidence, leading to contradictions, and etymologized most names from ‘sun’, ‘day’, etc. (known sound changes were fewer then, so many make no sense).
His followers also extended his ideas and made them their own. This often led to each scholar focusing only on his own specialty, and interpreting all myths in that framework. Thus, one might see all gods as the storm, all fights as thunderstorms, etc. This often led to incompatible analyses of the same myths by each scholar of this school, multiplying without end. This could not go on, and the once-popular field became completely overturned. Afterwards, even saying that a an obvious analog of the sun was a Sun-God was seen as distasteful. From Bilić :
>
It was once popular to interpret Gilgameš… as a solar hero or a sun god and to analyse his exploits in terms of (especially annual) solar movement… This interpretation reflects the influence of the once omnipresent solar-myth (or nature-myth in a wider sense) paradigm that dominated the 19th-c. discussions on myth… Despite the heavily ideologised dismissal of the solanature-myth paradigm… as well as the inadequacies of its rival and conqueror, the anthropological-fertility paradigm, the eccentricities of the former frequently did not require an especially meticulous criticism in order to be refuted. The interpretations of Gilgameš’s exploits in terms of solar movement withered away in the light of these developments and are today deservedly not taken very seriously… Keeping in mind a clear understanding ofthis problem, it does not automatically follow that the explicit solar referencesin Gilgameš’s itinerary should be discarded together with this antiquated interpretative strategy.
>
There should be no need to apologize or require special pleading to see the sun as the sun. A dismissal of nature myths is still influencing study much too heavily. For example, Walker saw the Divine Twins as created to fulfill societal roles, ignoring such facts as their driving the chariots of the Sun and Moon, which led to Norelius’ description :
>
The author’s central thesis is that the twin gods originated in the early phase of Proto-Indo-European horse domestication, before the invention of the spoked wheel and the warchariot… its primary use appears to have been in catle herding. Keeping watch over herds was probably a low-status activity; in many Indo-European societies (ancient Greece, Iran, India) it was undertaken by young men who had yet to enter a setled married life and were not full members of society. The riding twin gods, envisaged as youths, were divine counterparts of these cattle herders, and their position in the pantheon was correspondingly low. Their mythical roles as helpers, healers, and rescuers from peril are also ascribed to their servile nature… The possibility of their being the morning and evening stars, which would account for their connection to twilight, has been discussed by Donald Ward, as well as by Thomas Oberlies in his volumes on the religion of the Ṛgveda (not cited), but receives very litlec onsideration in this book; nor does Douglas Frame’s suggestion that they represent the twilights. ‘Nature mythology’ is briefy discussed and dismissed as a 19th-century fantasy. Of course, gods may represent natural phenomena while at the same time being modelled on social types; and I think this is the case with the divine twins, whose family, indeed, consists entirely of nature deities.
>
- traces of the sun
Indeed, it makes no sense to remove all nature from mythology, only because it once held too high a place. Though I do not feel all IE gods can be analyzed only by their origin, often in nature, it plays a part. So too do later versions of gods, with their myths turned into folktales (or a return to form, since the origin of myth in popular tales is one theory). I want to try what Müller did for Odysseus, but as a part of a larger whole, and with better knowledge of related myths and IE sound changes. Hermes’ son Autolycus (Autólukos) was clearly a clever thief whose adventures were from the same origin as Hermes’ own. Autolycus’ grandson, Odysseus, was no less a mythical version of the hero who was both strong and clever. It would be impossible to understand any of these as only the Sun, but in any myth made of many parts, changing and mixing with others over the years, each aspect should be given attention. As an equation of Hermes and Apollo as two versions of one original god is needed if any comparative mythology for either is valid. For further solar aspects, see Bilić’s analysis :
>
The section of Odysseus’ voyage from Laestrygonia by way of Aeaea to Hades and back to Aeaea, which is often interpreted in cosmological terms, more precisely, in terms of solar movement… represents a convenient background against which the corresponding Mesopotamian material can be studied. This particular line of interpretation is firmly based on the text itself, with its repeated emphasis on explicit solar features, such as the island of sunrise, Circe’s solar ancestry, the lack or excess of sunlight (the Cimmerians and Laestrygonians, respectively), to which we may add the gates of the sun from a similar context. Moreover, the features that can be inferred as solar in character, such as the rock associated with the world of the dead and—in a similar context—the daily course of the sun, the town of “distant (probably solar) gates” (Telepylus) and the hero following the nocturnal section of the daily course of the sun upon the circumambient Ocean, can also be added to this list.
>
Indeed, it is possible to interpret the section of Odysseus’ voyage from Aeaea to Hades and back in terms of the diurnal course of the sun(-god) upon a flat earth in combination with a vertical descent to the world of the dead… The cosmological nature of Odysseus’ voyage as a whole was recognized by the Homeric exegete Crates of Mallos, as attested in both literary and cartographic sources… Crates interpreted the section of Odysseus’ voyage from Aeaea to Hades in terms… especially… the interpretative framework of the annual solar voyage.
>
The journey to the Underworld could represent the death of the sun each day, or the supposed death and renewal of the sun as an explanation of the heat and cold of the seasons. A “great year” of 19 years is used to have the solar and lunar year match; his return after 20 years could be based on this (though 10 or 20 is not an uncommon number, but see 108 below). The timing of his return is also significant, at Apollo’s festival at the dark of the moon. Both this and his return mark the start of a year. Apollo is clearly a Sun-God, if anyone is, and his favor of Odysseus can not really be explained as anything but an equation (in story terms, Apollo should hate him for his actions against Troy in the Iliad). Odysseus is the only one who can draw a bow during Apollo’s festival (bows were associated with Paris of Troy in the Iliad), and his killings are absolved by Apollo. Just as Paris used a bow with Apollo’s explicit help to kill Achilles and is a clear version of the god, the same is necessary for Odysseus (at least in this section). In more context (Frame) :
>
Odysseus returns at the dark of the moon. The festival of Apollo being celebrated when he reveals himself and regains his kingdom is thus a new-moon festival. The season is spring, and the new moon, marking the restoration of Odysseus’ kingship, also marks the beginning of a new year. In contemporary Miletus the king’s power would also have been ritually renewed at the start of the new year, in the spring…
>
Apollo’s festival in the Odyssey is widely assumed to be that for the new moon, which, with other divisions of the month, was sacred to Apollo. The identification of the new moon festival rests on the word lukabas which the disguised Odysseus twice uses of his own impending return, speaking first to Eumaeus and then to Penelope (Odyssey 14.16l–162, 19.306–307):
In this very lukabas Odysseus will come,
when one month ends and another begins.
While both meaning and etymology are obscure for the word lukabas, it is clearly connected here with the interlunium, the dark of the moon: the hidden Odysseus will reappear like the moon after its three days in hiding.
>
Another oddity is the group of suitors that Odysseus must kill. They are 108 in number, which is two 2’s and three 3’s ( 2×2×3×3×3 ). This might simply be a generic mystical number or used because it can be divided in several ways without remainder. However, it is found in other cultures and sometimes has astronomical signifance. For example, Indian division of the sky and year into 27 nakshatras, each with 4 padas. Since both groups might have retained similar PIE ideas of numerology and astronomy, I can’t immediately dismiss a possible connection. If so, it might figure into the Sun-God being lord of all sections of the sky or year.
- lukábās
Part of this analysis involved the Greek word lukábās. Frame said :
>
There is no doubt that Odysseus returns with the new moon. But the word used to designate the new moon is not a perspicuous term like noumēnia, “new month,” but the oracular-sounding lukabas. This word, which in Homer is accompanied by a gloss to explain it, is far from perspicuous in terms of etymology, or even meaning. To conclude this study, which by the nature of its subject has been speculative, speculation on this dark word seems not inappropriate, and the place to start is the meaning of lukabas in Homer, namely “dark of the moon.” In its few occurrences in later Greek, mostly poetic and oracular in context, lukabas means “year.” In the Odyssey lukabas could mean “year,” but this would rob the disguised Odysseus’ prophecy of its urgency: returning “this very year, at the end of one month and the beginning of another,” would mean a possible wait of up to a year for Odysseus to appear. It is generally agreed that context requires τοῦδ’ αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος to mean “at this very new moon,” as is made clear in the line following, which is in fact a gloss.
>
I am sure that, just as ‘winter’ was often interchangeable with ‘year’ (PIE *dwi-g^himno- ‘2 winters (old)’ > L. bīmus ‘two years (old)’, *dvi-zivn > Wg. düzun-zālǝ ‘heifer in its 3rd year’, *tk^mto-g^himno- > Skt. śatá-hima- ‘100 years old’), the period ending & beginning each year became a poetic word for ‘year’. This should have no effect on the rest of Odysseus’ relations to other myth, but since G. lukábās / lukámās ‘dark of the moon’ contains luk-, as Odysseus might (*oluksew-s > G. Odusseús / Olutteus / Ōlixēs, L. Ulixēs), its origin should be firmly understood to make sure it doesn’t provide any other insights first. Both PIE *leuk- ‘light / bright’ and *-luk- / *-duk- also show alternation of l / d (G. *Poluleúkēs ‘very bright’ > Poludeúkēs ‘Pollux’, like Sanskrit Purūrávas- ‘*very hot’), so being sure of each part seems best.
Levaniouk had a similar problem with it :
>
First of all, let Zeus be my witness, the highest and best of the gods,
and then the hearth of flawless Odysseus, to which I have come:
all the things I proclaim will come true.
Odysseus will come back here within this very lukabas,
with one month waning and the next one beginning. (Odyssey 19.303–307)
Scholia explain lukabas as ‘year’, and Wilamowitz accordingly interpreted the expression τοῦδ’ αὐτοῦ λυκάβαντος to mean ‘within this year’. Suggested etymologies connect the word with light, (root *leuk- as in λύχνος, λεύσσω, Latin lux), and βαίνω (Leumann 1950:212n4, Stanford 1965:222 ad loc., Ameis and Hentze 1895 ad loc.) Koller 1973:29–33 suggested *λύκα βάντα, ‘the light having gone’. Others seek pre-Greek origins connecting the word with the name of the Attic mountain Λυκαβηττός (Ruijgh 1957:147, 1979:559–60), or suggest a Semitic connection (Szemerenyi 1974:144–57), see also Hoekstra 1992:204 (on Odyssey 14.161) and Russo 1992:91 (on Odyssey 19.306) and Chantraine 1999 s.v. The idea that lukabas is a festival of Apollo Lykeios or Lykios was put forth by van Windekens 1954:31–4. Whether this is actually the meaning of lukabas seems doubtful, but a connection with the festival of Apollo is clear in the context of the Odyssey (see Russo 1992:92 on Odyssey 19.306–7). Austin (1975:244–246) argues that the word signifies the ‘dark of the moon’, a period of a few days when the old moon has waned but the new one is not yet clearly visible. He is followed on this point by the recent commentaries (Rutherford 1992:175, Russo 1992:92, both on Odyssey 19.306–307). In Book 19, therefore, lukabas denotes “the interlunar period about to end with the new moon festival of the god” (Russo 1992.92).
>
Their ideas involve lukábās being original, not lukámās. Since the stem is lukábant-, dissimilation of *m-n > b-n makes more sense than the reverse (possibly after the change of *-nts > -_s, eliminating the nasal in the nom., creating variation m / b in the paradigm). This requires a division like amphi-lúkē ‘twilight’ and lukóphōs ‘twilight’. This would make it a compound :
luk- ‘light’
āmáō / amáō ‘reap / cut / mow down (in battle)’
*luk-amant- ‘dividing the light / period between moons/months’ > lukábās / lukámās
- Odusseús
This word supposedly has nothing to do with Odusseús, said to be from odúsasthai ‘hate’ (PIE *H3od- ‘hate / stink’). When he disguised himself as a beggar, he also gave his name as Aithōn ‘raging’ in a pun on this. However, almost all ancient attempts at etymology are wrong. This does not explain d / l (and nothing regular can). Since many mythical figures have names ending in -ōn, -aios, -eus, added to simple nouns or adj. (Aigeús, Aigaíōn, Aktaíōn, Amphíōn, Erekhtheús, *wlukWawyōn > Lukáōn), looking for *oduk- or *oluk- seems best. Men with names derived from animals in myths often could turn into them (or were forced to), like Lukáōn and lúkos ‘wolf’. Aktaíōn probably comes from *aktawyo- ‘horned’ (*H2ak^- ‘point’), for example.
The variants Odusseús / Olutteus / Ōlixēs require *d or *l > d / l and *ks or *ts > ks / tt / ss. Many words show ks vs. ts (*ksom / *tsom ‘with’ > xun- / sun-; *órnīth-s > órnīs ‘bird’, Dor. órnīx; *(s)trozd(h)o- > Li. strãzdas, Att. stroûthos ‘sparrow’, *tsouthros > xoûthros; *ksw(e)rd- > W. chwarddu ‘laugh’, Sog. sxwarð- ‘shout’, *tsw(e)rd- > G. sardázō ‘deride’; *ksw(e)izd- > Skt. kṣviḍ- ‘hum / murmur’, L. sībilus ‘whistling / hissing’, *tswizd- > G. sízō ‘hiss’; Whalen 2024c) and since *ty and *ky both merged and became ss / tt, an intermediate *ty > *tty > *tsy / *ksy makes sense. No other known word shows *ky > ks, but this fits the needed changes and old names often retain old changes seldom seem. One word that might match is G. lússa / lútta ‘rage / fury / mania / rabies’, likely < *wluk-ya ‘wolfishness’ << lúkos ‘wolf’, which might explain tradition about his name’s connection with being hated. His grandfather Autolycus gave him this name, and his own was made of ‘self’ and ‘wolf’ (possibly originally ‘man-wolf’, though also possible is ‘lone wolf’, since related *H2awtiyo- ‘away from (others) / by oneself’ also produced G. aúsios ‘idle’, Go. auþeis ‘deserted / barren’, ON auðr ‘desolate’). He supposedly had this name because he could turn into a wolf (his tricky wife also could turn into animals), and both crafty Autolycus and Odysseus seem based on Hermes (mythical figures with several names are often split into 2 due to confusion or contradictory traditions, such as Erekhtheús and Erikhthónios), so it’s unlikely their names are unrelated. It is clear that names like *wlukWawyōn > Lukáōn exist (directly associated with wolves), and other IE myths include heroes who turn into beasts or become bestial (Cú Chulainn is also named after a dog & a berserker, Bödvar Bjarki with bears (maybe related to Beowulf)). I also see Greek sound changes (some likely only in dialects) as responsible for making lússa / lútta and -luss- / lutt- appear with different variants in these words (o- vs. 0-, tt/ss vs. tt/ss/ks).
In *wlkWo-s ‘wolf’ > TB walkwe, Go. wulfs, L. lupus, G. lúkos, Alb. ulk, the G. and Alb. words supposedly show metathesis of *wl- > *lw- > *lu-. This is tradition, an attempt at keeping all change regular, but the many variants with wR and Ru in IE are NOT regular. *l > lu would not be regular on its own. However, other words show rounding of syllabic C’s between round/labial C’s without the loss of any of them (*plH1u- ‘many’ > Skt. purú-, G. polús, Arm. yolov ‘many (people)’) and Arm. & G. could change *o > u in the same environment (*morm- ‘ant’ > G. bórmāx / búrmāx / múrmāx; *wrombo- > rhómbos / rhómbos ‘spinning-wheel’, *wodo:r ‘water’ > G. húdōr, *megWno- ‘naked’ > Arm. merk, *mogWno- > *mugno- > G. gumnós). Since some dialects have all *l > ol / lo, we can’t even say if *wlkWo-s > *wlokWo-s > *wlukWo-s would be irregular or require any more sound changes than already known. Several Arm. & Greek words vary between l- and ol- (Arm. ołork -i- ‘smooth / polished’, lerk -i- ‘smooth / hairless’, *slibro- > OE slipor ‘slippery’, G. (o)librós, *sl(e)idh-(ro)- > Skt. srédhati, W. llithro, G. olisthērós ‘slippery’), so there is no reason luss- and Oluss- need to be unrelated. This is even more likely since lússa came from *wl-, and *w- optionally became o- in some IE :
Skt. vípra- ‘stirred? / inwardly excited / inspired’, Av. vifra- / ōifra- ‘shaking?, tossed in the waters?’
*windho-s > MIr find ‘a hair’, *winlo- > L. villus ‘shaggy hair / tuft of hair’
*windho-s > *winthos > *óinthos > íonthos ‘young hair’
There are several Indo-European groups of words for ‘wolf’, ‘fox’, and similar animals that often began with *wl-, but with al- in G. & Arm. (Whalen 2024a) :
*wlp-(e)Hk^o- > Li. vilpišỹs ‘wildcat’, L. vulpēs ‘fox’
*wlep-ano- > H. ulippana- ‘wolf’, *welp-an(a:)- > Alb. dhelpën ‘fox’
*lewp-eHk(^)o- > Skt. lopāśá- \ lopāka-, etc.
? > *aloHp-eHk^- > G. alṓpēx \ alōpós, Arm. ałuēs
In light of my *wl- > (o)l- in ‘wolf’, it is possible that *olṓpēx existed with dissimilation (or a similar change at an earlier time). It is hard to know for sure, but maybe *H3lewp-eHk^- > Skt. lopāśá-, *wloH3p-eHk^- > *oloxWp-eHk^- > G. alṓpēx (and if H3 = xW or another round C, dissimilation of *w-W is also possible).
These allow *wluks-ya ‘wolfishness’ to produce *wluksyew-s. Not only would this be like *wlukWawyo- ‘wolf-like’ >> *wlukWawyōn > Lukáōn, but G. Odusseús seems to be a direct match with Paeonian Lúkpeios (a king). The many names in -eus seem to come from older *-ewyos (Whalen 2024b), and *wlukWyewyos might give both if Paeonian had dissimilation of *y-y > 0-y (though a match this direct is not needed). Kings around Greece speaking languages closely related to Greek sometimes had names from legendary kings (Phrygian Midas < *med- ‘rule’, likely Bithynian Ziboítēs \ Tiboítēs \ Zeipoítēs was cognate with G. despótēs < *dems-poti- ‘master’), so a common tradition about a King named ‘wolf-like’ is not out of the question.
These words and names should not be left unexplained. Variation due to dialects is known in Greek, so the variants Odusseús / Olutteus / Ōlixēs do not require foreign origin. Many names from myths show d / l, and other IE languages in the area had the same (Ph., Anatolian optional T > l). If d / l is not regular in Anatolian or Greek, why would l / d in this name support an Anatolian origin? Seeing any oddity in a word, even one from myth, is not a license to reject its origin in the language it is known from in favor of yet more obscure origins.
Bilić, Tomislav (2022) Following in the Footsteps of the Sun: Gilgameš, Odysseus and Solar Movement
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/363553063_Following_in_the_Footsteps_of_the_Sun_Gilgames_Odysseus_and_Solar_Movement
Frame, Douglas (2022) The End of the Odyssey
In “Poetic (Mis)quotations in Plato,” ed. Gwenda-lin Grewal. Special issue, Classics@ 22
http://nrs.harvard.edu/URN-3:HLNC.ESSAY:102302566
Levaniouk, Olga (2011) Eve of the Festival: Making Myth in Odyssey 19
Hellenic Studies Series 46. Washington, DC: Center for Hellenic Studies
http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:hul.ebook:CHS_Levaniouk.Eve_of_the_Festival.2011
https://archive.chs.harvard.edu/CHS/article/display/3760.11-the-conversation
Whalen, Sean (2023) The Separation of the Sun and Moon
https://www.reddit.com/mythology/comments/10qeu8f/the_separation_of_the_sun_and_moon/
Whalen, Sean (2024a) Indo-European Words for ‘Wolf’, ‘Fox’ (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/113713478
Whalen, Sean (2024b) Greek *we- > eu- and Linear B Symbol *75 = WE / EW (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/114410023
Whalen, Sean (2024c) Indo-European Bear Goddesses: Greek Ártemis, Celtic Artion- (Draft)
https://www.academia.edu/116281605
2024.05.20 20:49 NotSoSlimShady1001 The Spirit of a Predator - Chapter 26: Where Goodbye is Disenchanting
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Memory Transcript Subject: Vili, Venlil Citizen
Date [standardized human time]: December 1st, 2136
The absent adults were due to arrive any time by now. I navigated the crowd of children who milled about the field, taking a head count to ensure everyone was in sight.
Those who had family attending the excursion were bubbling with excitement to see their relatives while a couple others trailed behind me, asking me yet more banal questions about venlil society and how it feels to have fur and a tail.
“I’ll let you in on a secret,” I had told April once. “It’s really, really… itchy. Have you ever had a bug crawling on you? Feels just like that. All the time.”
Chihiro didn’t approve as much of me saying that but Mercy seemed to enjoy the reaction I managed to get from the other kids. While I felt bad for exploiting the apparent human fear of insects, they were quick to forgive me, citing they “couldn't stay mad at a face like mine.”
Truthfully, I too began to enjoy seeing the children react to the things I'd tell them; the genuine nature in everything they did was more than I'd have expected from humans when I first arrived. Some of them would watch me with curiosity and wonder as we spoke, reminding me that this was a species who had only just been introduced onto the galactic stage and still had cause to gawk at the aliens.
Well, most of them.
Toward the edge of the gaggle of children was Lukas, moping away while trying to hide the black eye Amber had given him. A part of me was - flattered - disappointed that she'd risk herself to enact retaliation on my behalf, but I knew she wouldn't understand me were I to even tell her off about it.
Over the last few weeks, I'd gotten to know many of the children, though Lukas remained as distant as ever. In a way, I felt pity to see him so small even after witnessing the pleasure he got from putting others down and how infuriating I found his antics. He was full of anger and clearly had it misdirected at all non-humans for the actions of those who participated in the extermination fleet - at least he has reason.
I brushed at my ear to ward off the tingling sensation and let out an irritated growl. My hackles raised when I heard a sympathetic growl come from behind.
Turning about, I found that the source was Amber, also swiping at her ear in a mimicry of my action. I was far less bothered by her giddy snarl after having her do it every time she approached me, though it didn't make the itch at my back from almost jumping in fear go away.
“You do that a lot,” Amber giggled. “Is your ear itchy? Wait, don't answer that because I won't understand it.”
My ears whirled about and I tilted my head slightly to look directly at the strange little girl who'd been so eager to make friends with me from the very beginning. I'd accepted that, at least in her eyes, I was “Luka” and that I existed for her to talk to endlessly about her favorite hobbies despite her knowing she wouldn't understand anything I said in response.
Even then, I was still rather worried that I'd been so frequent with admonishing the more - sensible - pushy one that Amber had taken note. How many others could have noticed? I wasn't even sure how humans viewed me, but it wouldn't matter so much now that I was getting ready to return home to Luka.
I took a seat on the grass and found myself surrounded by a small following of kids that did the same. Amber, too, took a seat, but directly on my lap instead. I grunted as the surprisingly heavy child settled and I brought her head upon my scruff, allowing her to play with my paw.
“You only have three fingers and a thumb. That's pretty weird.”
“And you only have hair on the top of your head, that’s pretty weird too.”
“I’ll assume you were giving me a compliment…”
The other of the kids understood me and giggled at the back and forth as Amber raked a nail under my claws. While I was certain they were clean, Amber's scrutinizing stare felt as if I was being judged by my mother again.
“Your nails feel like a dog's. Maybe not as sharp.”
My translator interpreted that word as a “domesticated Terran predator” and I flicked my tail in indignation. I'd tried to shut out those who claimed I had traits akin to Earth fauna, though the accusations kept coming regardless.
From what I'd gathered, they believed my fur resembled that of a “sheep”, my tail and paws resembled a “cat”, and my ears were that of a “bunny”; now, I could add claws of a “dog” to that list. I had to keep reminding myself these humans didn't grow up knowing any other metric than that of the creatures from their home planet.
I knew the Terran Richard would return in the group that was due to arrive - Ma had made a point to inform me of such. The mention of the human's name spoiled my mood each time he was mentioned, and yet the Blackfox women continued to speak of him as though he was the most harmless thing.
I was not over the way he seemed to look down on my brother as an obedient servant, laying hands on him as though he were a dumb animal rather than a person. Luka had been the pillar that held me up since we were barely able to walk and talk, and it burned me up inside to see him crave the validation of predators when I knew he didn’t need it.
Amber, seemingly bored with one paw, grabbed the other as I let my arm remain limp. At first, I felt only the tickle as she played at the knuckles on this one as well, but there was a pause as she turned it over to face the palm outwards.
“Where'd you get this?”
I looked at my own palm and felt my heart skip a beat as Amber's claw pointed directly at the cut in my paw. I'd thought she had noticed it before, but the fact she'd call attention to it now when I was surrounded by the other children made a chill run up my back. I was still uncertain if bloodlust was a learned trait, and so being surrounded by juvenile predators at a moment like this did not sit well with me.
Trying to retract my paw, a lump raised in my throat as the human child’s grip hardened on my wrist. The other children watched with curiosity and neither of my assistants nor Martha were around to call for advice. I was to settle this on my own.
I asked with a shaky tone, “Amber?”
She rolled her head back until the tip of my snout brushed against her forehead. I got to look into the depths of her arboreal eyes, letting me see every red-blooded vein, every muscle twitch, every flash as they glistened in the red sun's light while the predator gave me her full, undivided attention. She even offered me her usual flash of the teeth. “Yeah?”
“Pah… Per… Pwers?”
I wiggled my arm in an attempt to indicate what I was asking to have released.
“Hold on, I'll let go in a sec.”
She understood me this time, but I sighed as she promptly ignored my request. She once again played with my claws, twisting them back and forth gently as she hummed to herself.
“Looks like it was made by your claws,” she concluded while continuing to toy with them. “This is why my momma always had us trim Butterscotch's claws, because she kept scratching me up when we played.”
The name once again tripped up my translator, describing it as a candy made from melted sugar and congealed milk fat. I tried to suppress the bile that built in my throat as I considered that worse than the item's description was the fact that she'd named an animal which had a reputation for scratching her after it.
Please, please don't throw away everything we'd built in this one moment.
“I miss Butterscotch,” she muttered. “But now I have new friends! Alien-friends!”
She rolled her head back again and looked back up at me.
“Like you! We're friends, right Luka?”
Her eyes shone with bright innocence and juvenile glee, making my fears melt away.
“Ie-e… I’ezz, frn'dz,” I confirmed. Apparently, my vocals didn't lend themselves to speaking Amber's tongue any better than hers did mine. Every word I spoke felt as though I needed to clear my throat after.
“Cool!”
With that conclusion, the dark-haired girl snapped back to my arm and pressed her lips to the back of my paw. I went slack as she did so and it felt as though all of my muscles had lost their function at once as I sat motionless and silent. I could see and hear the world around me and yet it didn't register that anything existed.
I felt her face lift from my flesh and Amber proclaimed proudly, “Momma did that every time I got bruised up and told me it helped with healing! So maybe you'll get better too!”
“Ah-hah,” was the only response I could manage, made on impulse as the rest of my brain felt a million light years away.
“Alright, everyone,” a voice called from behind us. “They're here, so clear out so they have somewhere to park!”
There was a commotion as the children all scrambled to their feet, including Amber, and they rushed with zealous squeals back toward the body of the camp. But not me.
My jaw remained slack as I stared at the back of my paw, focusing on the wet spot imprinted in my fur. It was a bite of sorts, described exactly as Tac had told me, and yet not a mark was left on my flesh save for the tingling of nerves as I seized up.
My back hit the grass and I let my tail curl around my leg as I held my paw to the sky. “Wuh…”
Something approached and kicked up the grass as I laid still and glared at my decidedly unharmed paw. My eyes traveled up to find Mercy standing over me with the corners of her mouth turned downwards.
“You good?”
“Why did you bite Tac?”
“Lord help us all,” she mumbled while rolling her eyes. “C'mon, let's get you outta here before you’re turned into ven-paté under some truck.”
“Uh huh.”
The elder teen’s grip helped me to my feet as I regained faculties, though I still felt weak. “It was a legitimate question, though,” I told her.
“It's just a sign of affection, I guess. I never really considered it so much before, y’know? It's not like you really think about why everything is when it's so normal, right?”
Speak for yourself, I wanted to tell her, though I held my tongue.
As I took a seat, the thrumming of engines could be heard coming from over the brow of the hill. Apparating as though it were a giant, segmented insect were the adult humans in their ramshackle vehicles, rattling down the hill with each occupied by at least five or six bodies in each of the dozen autos.
The children and elders alike rushed to greet their family as they parked and disembarked from the chain of gas guzzlers. Parents lifted their children in the air and hugged them while the elders chatted with them. But among the troupe of humans that had arrived, I knew something felt off.
“They’re one vehicle short,” I noted to Mercy.
“Hm?”
“I counted them when they left. They’re one short.”
Her piercing gaze scanned the fleet herself before she nodded. “Mike’s missing.”
Michael was the driver that Richard had departed with and so that helped explain the deadpan Terran’s absence. Luka and Hileen both recounted the same human by name when talking of their experiences with them, with both drawing the conclusion that he had to be the worst driver on Venlil Prime.
“Psst,” came a voice hissing from behind. “Mercy.”
Mercy turned to give attention to Tac as he sulked away from the crowd as usual, though I remained with my back turned to him while watching the humans interact.
The tip of my tail tickled at the grass watching children get smothered in affection by their parents, and they in turn received hugs from their elders as others chattered. I itched at the back of my palm where Amber's mouth had been as Johnny's parents each planted a similar bite on his cheek and forehead. Chihiro carried her brother on her shoulders as she chatted with her own parents with brimming snarls.
“Looks like Mike had a bit too much fun and ran his truck off the road,” Mercy told me as she came back from talking with Tac. “They're on their way.”
“I can do without seeing Crow.”
“Yeah, well, I could do with a place to practice rock climbing, but we can't always get what we want.”
“You humans really are strange for wanting to climb stuff.”
“It's in our nature, no matter how deeply buried.”
She playfully bumped me on the shoulder and I returned with a gentle lashing of my tail against her ankle to which she welcomed with hissing laughter. The teenager wandered off in the direction of her family's tent.
The crowd that had gathered to greet the returning humans was slowly beginning to disperse as the vehicles were unloaded of a variety of equipment. I was relieved to find that there were no signs of blood or death to be seen, assuaging the deep-seated worry that I had of the humans being on the hunt. As little trust as I had for Crow, there'd be no redeeming one so sordid as himself were he to be everything he was as well as a murderer.
I looked forward to seeing Luka again, even if the only thing he had to tell me was stories of his human coworkers. Perhaps now I had stories of my own experiences with humans to tell him and maybe I'd get to see that glimmer in his eye once again that had so long ago been tarnished.
Amber's delighted shrieks were heard over the commotion and I could spot her being held in the air above her father's head as her toothy snarl became somehow wider. Her legs kicked while she wriggled in the hefty human’s embrace and turned attention to her mother as she was lowered into her grasp.
Even here amongst predators, thoughts of home still hounded me. The closest I could recall mom or dad ever coming to that was when they brought me along to one of their outings for dinner where I was allowed to pick the venue. I was still not permitted to talk to other people even then, but I didn't mind at the time.
The gurgle of another gas-powered engine roared over the brow of the hill, prompting a few others and I to turn our attention upwards.
Breaching the horizon came the last truck, though I was curious to note that it appeared to be driving backwards. Tilting my head didn't give me any more of a vantage to figure out why the truck backed up down the hill, nor did it help decipher the mindless chanting that ramped up as the vehicle closed the distance.
“John Wayne's teeth, hey-a
John Wayne's teeth, hey-a
Are they plastic, are they steel-a”
A claw tapping me on the shoulder spooked me, though I had grown to suppress the instinct to jump and make a fuss. “Momma would like to talk before we send you off,” Mercy told me. “She's in our tent.”
I obeyed the summons, almost forgetting how to navigate the maze of rickety shacks and tents to find the Blackfoxes’ residence. It was a simple task, though, once I remembered that the elder sibling had given it a “groovy” paint job.
Approaching the government-issued yurt that had been painted with vivid flowers, I found it odd for it to not have a horde of humans gathered around. They'd typically mill about Martha's tent while she spoke with each of them about their concerns, though what became of their talks was beyond my knowledge.
I ducked inside without notifying Martha, finding her seated at the squat table that was situated in the middle of the tent. The matriarch turned her eyes up to face me and she happily set her insulated cup down.
“There's not really any room for more chairs,” she told me. “But feel free to take a seat anywhere.”
My ears gently brushed against the top of the tent before I sat down just to the right of where she rested. In this claustrophobic environment, I'd have assumed I was being lured into a trap before. At the very least, I still kept my ears on a swivel for signs of trouble, but now confidence outweighed caution.
We sat for a moment without saying anything as Ma adjusted her seat to look at me directly, leaning an elbow against the table as she reclined.
She asked, “Enjoy your stay?”
I scratched the scruff on my neck as I wondered that myself.
“No. Not at first.”
“But now you can say you did?”
“Everything here is a new experience. For me, and possibly every other person who'd have grown up under the Federation.”
“You pulled through, despite being surrounded by predators. That's more than can be said for the lady who stabbed a guy in panic on the first day of the Exchange Program.”
My ear waggled in entertainment to think someone had set the bar so low. What fool would brazenly assault a predator to begin with?
“There were a few times where I thought I'd need to run for the hills,” I explained. “The children you raise are an unadulterated look into what life was like back on Earth, if nothing else.”
Martha chuckled and covered her snarl with a palm as she spoke, “I will choose to believe that's a compliment, given your opinion on us before.”
“I'd say it's a stellar review in the face of almost drowning while under your employment.”
Her face fell a bit and she rubbed the back of her neck while averting her eyes. “Yeah…”
“That is to say!” I blurted out hastily. “Th-that everything else has made it worth my time.”
My desperation to clarify myself felt embarrassing and my ears turned warm as they went flush. Martha sat still for a moment before she spoke again.
“When Richard hired you, he told me you wanted to up your price. 1200 credits?”
“It's a big ask in hindsight, I know. I didn't realize how tight your budget was at the time and I'm grateful that you've offered me—”
She waved a hand with a shushing hiss.
“We don't need to worry so much about that now. Where I was going with that was, that you agreed to our terms yourself, and accepted with only a reasonable upcharge. No other local would've been so quick to take on this job for even quadruple the price!”
“Brashness is a quality of mine I'm becoming more familiar with,” I joked.
“Must be something in the water. But payment is why I summoned you here, actually. We have only a few members who were on board with having an ‘alien’ presiding over the children, and fewer still who contributed any funds.”
“So what you're offering is out of the pocket of only a couple of contributors. I see.”
“I hope it doesn't lessen your opinion of us to tell you that.”
I scratched my snout and exhaled, shaking free the impulse to inquire any further with a flick of my ear.
“So I suppose all there is left to do is arrange payment, and I'll be on my way?”
“It would seem so.”
Heavy footsteps shuffled across the grass outside though conversation from the crowd remained distant. They stopped right outside of the entrance and the canvas foyer rattled as knuckles rapped against the cloth.
“Martha, it's me,” growled a familiar voice. “Everyone decent?”
“You’re clear, come on in.”
The flap shot open and my paw balled into a fist as Richard froze upon spotting me. The predator’s blank gaze didn’t hide their confusion when I could clearly spot their eyes flicking between Martha and I.
“Sorry, am I interrupting something?” Crow asked.
“We were just finishing up,” I responded, making no effort to hide my contempt for the interloper's presence.
Martha waved a hand to one of the chairs. “Have a seat, and I'll be right with you.”
Richard seemed almost deflated as he sulked over to the table. I resisted the opportunity to trip him with my tail in front of Martha to humiliate him, instead glowering at him as he afforded me a quick glance. I turned my attention back to the leader figure that was present while he took a seat.
“So 1100 credits was the agreed upon price, yes?”
“It was, though if there's anything else you desire outside the monetary value, you need only ask. We can't offer much, but I'm sure I have the ear of someone who can.”
“Hopefully you don't mean that literally,” I jested, putting on a facade of worry.
I could spot Crow watching Martha chuckle at my quip. His miserable expression was almost unreadable, save for the furrowing of the pelts on his brow.
Let him watch me charm his kind as easily as he thinks he can mine.
I raised my tail behind my head while I leaned against the table and curled the end loosely to convey appreciation. It was a sign that was rarely used outside of close bonding - that is to say, it'd been a while since I had been able to use it.
Recognition didn't light up in Martha's expression but I was content with projecting affection in any way I could. Understanding wasn't as important as the gesture itself.
“So might I at least know the names of those who did contribute? I'd like to express my thanks to them.”
Richard was the one who responded, “I wouldn't ask questions I wouldn't want the answers—”
“What he means,” Martha interjected. “Is that most contributors wouldn't like being mentioned by name. Aliens are still a polarizing subject and can crop up arguments that others may be obligated to avoid.”
My ears and tail sagged a bit. “Did my presence bring up that much of a problem?”
“More like it's one of a million other things these people can't agree about. But of those who I think would enjoy a bit of gratitude, you may already know some of them.”
“Oh? Tell me!”
I made eye contact with Crow who remained quiet as he cradled his chin in his palm against the table. His bored demeanor irked me in ways I couldn't describe.
“The Ito family, of whom you're already familiar with their daughter Chihiro, were the first to pledge. They're good folk and will happily accept your thanks. Next was myself, though I didn't give much. One of our cooks, Raksh, also contributed a bit, though that may have been more out of courtesy than anything else. And lastly…”
She lazily extended a claw toward Richard.
“... is Mister Crow here, your biggest donor who paid damn near half of your wage!”
Slowly, I felt myself deflate as enthusiasm made way for disappointment. I gritted my teeth to keep any brash words from escaping my lips.
“Closer to a third, actually,” he corrected her. “And with me already having the contact details of your brother, that means I can help set up the rest of the transaction.”
Even when I think I'm winning, he finds a way to one-up me.
“Would you mind giving us a moment, Vili? I think Mister Crow came here to say something and I’d hate to keep you from saying your goodbyes.”
Obliging her request, Martha and Richard waited patiently as I shuffled out of the tent. I hadn't realized how tightly my paw was clenched before reaching the outside where I felt my joints creak with relief as the fist unballed.
In the short time I'd been away, I secretly began to crave interaction from any of the humans I'd become acquainted with. My mind drifted to the slop that Big Joe always served, and how he always laughed every time I tried to inquire as to his full name. It wasn't quite dinner time, though, and so I then considered if any of the kids were still roaming about for me to tell stories to.
Whispers came from the tent before I could set a destination and my ears immediately perked up. I'd found that the humans’ ears were not nearly as effective as mine and so I found it easy to go unnoticed around them. I assumed they thought I was out of earshot by now.
I crouched on one knee and raised an ear to listen, though it was garbled hisses from this far. Curiosity got the better of me and I shuffled on my knees toward the tent, hiding in the shadow cast by an adjacent tent to mask my presence.
“... playing games with the lives of children,” came the low growl of Crow.
“Miss Ito and my own daughter are both very capable of defending themselves and the children from a venlil, Richard. You need to have faith that things can turn out alright.”
“Faith! She wanted to—”
There was a pause before I heard heavy stomping through the canvas. The mesh flaps that acted as windows were quickly torn shut one by one. I feared Crow would spot me, but he seemed too focused on hiding whatever it was he was talking about.
“She told me that she would've used my brains to add character development to a fucking snowglobe. Faith wouldn't have saved me if she carried through.”
“The fact that she informed you of her plot should be some small comfort that there's a piece of her that trusts you.”
“We don't know how many pieces there are! Should we wait for her to try to gore me on the street a second time? Perhaps you’ll get some insight if she sticks a claw through my eye?”
“I'd never let it come to that. I do wonder why it is that you're so worried about her. Did you not tell me you knew someone in her position?”
I heard a huff leave Richard before he spoke, “That was while she was getting help from professionals! What, do you hope to get her the therapy she needs from some squalid nowhere shantytown when we're eating out of the aliens’ trough ourselves?”
“It's a preferable alternative to leaving her at the mercy of the Federation's methods of ‘healing’. At least this way, she's getting help that matters.”
By this point, their voices had lowered into hissing whispers that even I strained to hear.
“I expect that you'll be more open with the others about your motives in the future, Martha. Maybe I have no rock to stand on when I say this, but your actions could very well draw the UN's eye, and the last thing I want is to have the Blues down here.”
“Is it related to your incarceration? Perhaps you were on parole before the bombing and fear the UN will be after you?”
I listened to rustling coming from my left and the conversation grew quiet. I turned to see Tac trotting along, surprisingly unaccompanied by Mercy as he shoveled a bowl of stew into his maw. He stopped mid-bite to look at me hunched over next to the Blackfoxes’ tent and narrowed his eyes in suspicion.
Shove off, I signaled to him. Come back later.
Weird, he replied before trotting off without fuss, thankfully.
There was something of a release from within the tent as I heard Crow and Blackfox alike exhale.
“I assure you, Richard,” Martha started again. “Whatever fears you have, you're protected by venlil laws of asylum as well as having the backing of myself-”
“We can do therapy later,” Crow butted in. “I'll take Vili home. I hope you're prepared to explain to your son that this mission we've embarked on wasn't the quest for glory he thought it'd be.”
“I've tried my best to tamp his expectations down, but I was hoping that Kanek would be open to publishing our actions. The bus that is taking the ones you rescued into town should be arriving shortly, and Kanek will be here soon after she's shushed them.”
I scampered off when I heard Crow trudge out of the tent, using my paws to crawl as quietly as I could manage out of sight. Blowing dirt off of the scab on my punctured paw, I walked off to find people I wanted to say goodbye to.
Most of the kids were already spending time with their families, but the few who still milled about and played were happy to give one last goodbye. Riley broke down in tears while we embraced and I now had a stain on the fur of my belly where her tears had soaked through.
I tried shifting by a group of the adults that were celebrating their return around a campfire. The looks I got as I did so were unnerving now that I understood the discourse that my presence had caused.
Approaching Crow, I pretended I didn’t know why he was slinking between groups and milling wanderers with a leering eye. He turned about to the sounds of my paws shuffling across the grass and threw his head backwards in a lazy greeting similar to how Mercy would.
“Are you ready to head back home?”
“I'm sure Luka has held the place down on his own… but yes.”
“Good, I'll bring the truck around for you and we'll be on our way.”
“Richa-a-a-a-ard!”
My ears perked up and I snapped my head about to meet the approaching Amber with her arms outstretched. Her voice bounced with each step as she rushed toward the towering Terran. Crow let out a grunt as she forced her arms around his waist and jumped about with glee.
“Mama said you were a party pooper! You told me you'd stay cool!”
“Aw, I'm sure you can forgive me for keeping to myself, Amber. Did you enjoy your time alone?”
Amber turned the corners of her mouth down in a pouty expression. “No, I didn't have anyone to help me with my homework!”
Richard patted the young girl on the back and began trying to pry her arms from him.
“I'm sure you managed just fine, you're smarter than the average second grader. And how did Vili treat you?”
I folded my ears back when Crow's eyes turned back to me.
“Vili? That's Luka!”
Amber finally unlatched herself from Crow and rushed over to my side, jabbing a claw toward me.
“See? The ear is the same color! And she knows when I say her name! Mercy told me venlil don't have boobies like human girls do but she's a girl! You were wrong!”
A couple of the voices closest to us erupted in the familiar, grating laughter that accompanied humans everywhere. I tilted my head while trying to grasp what it was Amber said that had earned such a response. Human and venlil physiology was different for sure, but I'd never considered it so entertaining.
Perhaps it's some in-joke that I'm not knowledgeable on, I thought, humans seem to like those.
Crow lowered his eyes to the ground and pursed his lips before squatting down and beckoning Amber toward him. She obeyed and the taller Terran cupped a hand over her ear, whispering quietly.
Amber's eyes lit up as Crow continued and her mouth hung agape. “Lu- ah, er…you're a twin?!”
In a rush, Amber grasped the fur around my ribs and began shaking me back and forth. “You were hiding it from me-e-e!”
Given this small child was still two-thirds my weight, I wobbled like a sapling in the wind as I tried to grab for the scolding child's wrists.
“Please. Stop. Gonna hurl.”
The little girl groaned and buried her face in my stomach. “You must think I'm pretty stupid too, huh?”
Mustering as much of my understanding of English, I belched out, “No.”
Amber buried her face deeper into my pelt while exhaling.
“l'ou… no donb.”
She raised her head to look me head-on, something which I couldn't return in full for the placement of my eyes.
“I'ou's… Zm’rd. Kappy. Ngai'z.”
“You stink at English,” Amber giggled while shooting me one last face-splitting snarl. I mashed her cheeks between my paws and she relented her grasp.
“I neeb go, fr'nd! O’gee?”
“Okay! I promise I'll try to know how to say ‘hi’ next time! And more.”
Richard butted in, “I'm sure she'll hold you to that promise, but I think it's time we got going.”
As soon as he had suggested as much, I caught sight of a human who was only covered in pelts from the waist down stagger into view. The glassy eyed stare and uncoordinated movement were all too familiar to me even without knowing where they were before.
They growled, “Fucks the alien still doing here?”
“Just about to get going, Paul,” Richard shot back. “Don't concern yourself with her.”
“It has been here long enough! Move along, little lambchop!”
“Man, lay off,” another human intervened. “She's as welcome here as any other guest.”
“Nah, Paul has a point. How do we know she ain't some Baby Burner spy or some shit? Get the xeno outta here!”
The humans quickly began bickering amongst themselves and I felt the firm grasp of Crow on my shoulder tug me away from the commotion. Amber trailed behind, watching the debates unfold behind us while we made our way along.
Crow opened the door in a raggedy truck in even worse condition than the others, standing aside for me to enter. While I didn't want to test the predator's patience in light of the tension behind us, I whirled about to give Amber one last goodbye hug. Her grasp around my neck was like iron though the wet streams on her face were all I needed to know that I should let her have this.
“You're gonna come back, right? You and your brother are gonna come and say hi?”
I saw no point in trying to cobble together an articulate sentence in her own language that'd fall flat as soon as I spoke. I considered my words carefully while I clasped her hands in my paws.
“I want to, but I have class that I need to catch up with, as well as I'm in need of a stable job once I'm through with this one. I don't know when I'll be back, but I want you to know that you've made this the best two weeks I've had in a long time, Amber. I don't know how much of my language you understand, but your enthusiasm has surpassed all barriers.”
She stared back up at me with her lips locked in an “oh” pose before turning to Richard who still watched with a lazy gaze.
“She said ‘maybe’.”
That seemed to suffice for Amber as she broke free and ran off squealing with her arms in the air as she always did when she was excited. I'd gotten used to the ear-splitting shrieks of the kids, and my ears didn't even fold back on reflex anymore.
“That's not what I said,” I grumbled to Crow.
He clicked his tongue as he held the door open for me. “Less is more. She's a kid, so she may not fully grasp your struggles anyway.”
With a huff, I crawled into the truck and kicked my feet up onto the dashboard while Crow ducked in behind the wheel. He twisted the key and the vehicle gurgled to life.
Strangely enough, I found that instead of the truck lurching forward, Crow put the vehicle into reverse, using the mirror to navigate up the hill. The truck seemed to make sure we felt every rock and bump that it struck, and I eventually decided to straighten out my posture so that I didn't get folded in half by a particularly bad bump.
Richard seemed unfazed by the sickness-inducing commotion, guiding the truck up the hill with a steady gaze. Stopping at the top, he whipped out his holopad and tapped away while quietly mumbling to himself.
“... hundred-fifty year-old country shit, sure why not.”
He tapped once more and the truck's audio system whirred with the melodic twang of a stringed instrument accompanied by simple percussion. A human's strange croon came over the speaker in a curious tune.
“You held me up, held me down
Made me crazy, then turned me around…”
Richard twisted the knob to bring the volume down to a more agreeable level and I caught a glimpse down at the camp. A group of humans were now gathered where I'd been talking with Amber just moments before.
Now, I could spot the human Paul bumping chests with a human much larger than he, noses almost touching in a clear display of aggression as they howled at each other. Humans pointed claws at one another and argued while yet more flocked to the scene of the commotion. Whether their motives were to disperse or exacerbate was yet to be seen.
“You were my shelter and my storm
Made me cold, then you made me warm…”
Crow finally put the truck in gear and we rolled backwards yet again, leaving the only sight before me the peaks of the Belimal retreating beneath the grassy brow.
As I let the truck shuttle me back to my brother, I yearned for the comfort of my own bed and blankets, for the soft hum of my own air conditioning unit, and for the obnoxious snoring and sleep-talking of my own flesh and blood.
From here, one might even be able to see the highest of the foothills from which my roots would lay betwixt, a reminder that the pangs of home weren't just knots in my stomach. Luka and I had a long way to go to get away from home, and even longer to be rid of it.
“One step forward and two steps back, nobody gets too far like that
One step forward and two steps back, this kind of dance can never last.”
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submitted by NotSoSlimShady1001 to NatureofPredators [link] [comments]
Memory Transcript Subject: Vili, Venlil Citizen
Date [standardized human time]: December 1st, 2136
The absent adults were due to arrive any time by now. I navigated the crowd of children who milled about the field, taking a head count to ensure everyone was in sight.
Those who had family attending the excursion were bubbling with excitement to see their relatives while a couple others trailed behind me, asking me yet more banal questions about venlil society and how it feels to have fur and a tail.
“I’ll let you in on a secret,” I had told April once. “It’s really, really… itchy. Have you ever had a bug crawling on you? Feels just like that. All the time.”
Chihiro didn’t approve as much of me saying that but Mercy seemed to enjoy the reaction I managed to get from the other kids. While I felt bad for exploiting the apparent human fear of insects, they were quick to forgive me, citing they “couldn't stay mad at a face like mine.”
Truthfully, I too began to enjoy seeing the children react to the things I'd tell them; the genuine nature in everything they did was more than I'd have expected from humans when I first arrived. Some of them would watch me with curiosity and wonder as we spoke, reminding me that this was a species who had only just been introduced onto the galactic stage and still had cause to gawk at the aliens.
Well, most of them.
Toward the edge of the gaggle of children was Lukas, moping away while trying to hide the black eye Amber had given him. A part of me was - flattered - disappointed that she'd risk herself to enact retaliation on my behalf, but I knew she wouldn't understand me were I to even tell her off about it.
Over the last few weeks, I'd gotten to know many of the children, though Lukas remained as distant as ever. In a way, I felt pity to see him so small even after witnessing the pleasure he got from putting others down and how infuriating I found his antics. He was full of anger and clearly had it misdirected at all non-humans for the actions of those who participated in the extermination fleet - at least he has reason.
I brushed at my ear to ward off the tingling sensation and let out an irritated growl. My hackles raised when I heard a sympathetic growl come from behind.
Turning about, I found that the source was Amber, also swiping at her ear in a mimicry of my action. I was far less bothered by her giddy snarl after having her do it every time she approached me, though it didn't make the itch at my back from almost jumping in fear go away.
“You do that a lot,” Amber giggled. “Is your ear itchy? Wait, don't answer that because I won't understand it.”
My ears whirled about and I tilted my head slightly to look directly at the strange little girl who'd been so eager to make friends with me from the very beginning. I'd accepted that, at least in her eyes, I was “Luka” and that I existed for her to talk to endlessly about her favorite hobbies despite her knowing she wouldn't understand anything I said in response.
Even then, I was still rather worried that I'd been so frequent with admonishing the more - sensible - pushy one that Amber had taken note. How many others could have noticed? I wasn't even sure how humans viewed me, but it wouldn't matter so much now that I was getting ready to return home to Luka.
I took a seat on the grass and found myself surrounded by a small following of kids that did the same. Amber, too, took a seat, but directly on my lap instead. I grunted as the surprisingly heavy child settled and I brought her head upon my scruff, allowing her to play with my paw.
“You only have three fingers and a thumb. That's pretty weird.”
“And you only have hair on the top of your head, that’s pretty weird too.”
“I’ll assume you were giving me a compliment…”
The other of the kids understood me and giggled at the back and forth as Amber raked a nail under my claws. While I was certain they were clean, Amber's scrutinizing stare felt as if I was being judged by my mother again.
“Your nails feel like a dog's. Maybe not as sharp.”
My translator interpreted that word as a “domesticated Terran predator” and I flicked my tail in indignation. I'd tried to shut out those who claimed I had traits akin to Earth fauna, though the accusations kept coming regardless.
From what I'd gathered, they believed my fur resembled that of a “sheep”, my tail and paws resembled a “cat”, and my ears were that of a “bunny”; now, I could add claws of a “dog” to that list. I had to keep reminding myself these humans didn't grow up knowing any other metric than that of the creatures from their home planet.
I knew the Terran Richard would return in the group that was due to arrive - Ma had made a point to inform me of such. The mention of the human's name spoiled my mood each time he was mentioned, and yet the Blackfox women continued to speak of him as though he was the most harmless thing.
I was not over the way he seemed to look down on my brother as an obedient servant, laying hands on him as though he were a dumb animal rather than a person. Luka had been the pillar that held me up since we were barely able to walk and talk, and it burned me up inside to see him crave the validation of predators when I knew he didn’t need it.
Amber, seemingly bored with one paw, grabbed the other as I let my arm remain limp. At first, I felt only the tickle as she played at the knuckles on this one as well, but there was a pause as she turned it over to face the palm outwards.
“Where'd you get this?”
I looked at my own palm and felt my heart skip a beat as Amber's claw pointed directly at the cut in my paw. I'd thought she had noticed it before, but the fact she'd call attention to it now when I was surrounded by the other children made a chill run up my back. I was still uncertain if bloodlust was a learned trait, and so being surrounded by juvenile predators at a moment like this did not sit well with me.
Trying to retract my paw, a lump raised in my throat as the human child’s grip hardened on my wrist. The other children watched with curiosity and neither of my assistants nor Martha were around to call for advice. I was to settle this on my own.
I asked with a shaky tone, “Amber?”
She rolled her head back until the tip of my snout brushed against her forehead. I got to look into the depths of her arboreal eyes, letting me see every red-blooded vein, every muscle twitch, every flash as they glistened in the red sun's light while the predator gave me her full, undivided attention. She even offered me her usual flash of the teeth. “Yeah?”
“Pah… Per… Pwers?”
I wiggled my arm in an attempt to indicate what I was asking to have released.
“Hold on, I'll let go in a sec.”
She understood me this time, but I sighed as she promptly ignored my request. She once again played with my claws, twisting them back and forth gently as she hummed to herself.
“Looks like it was made by your claws,” she concluded while continuing to toy with them. “This is why my momma always had us trim Butterscotch's claws, because she kept scratching me up when we played.”
The name once again tripped up my translator, describing it as a candy made from melted sugar and congealed milk fat. I tried to suppress the bile that built in my throat as I considered that worse than the item's description was the fact that she'd named an animal which had a reputation for scratching her after it.
Please, please don't throw away everything we'd built in this one moment.
“I miss Butterscotch,” she muttered. “But now I have new friends! Alien-friends!”
She rolled her head back again and looked back up at me.
“Like you! We're friends, right Luka?”
Her eyes shone with bright innocence and juvenile glee, making my fears melt away.
“Ie-e… I’ezz, frn'dz,” I confirmed. Apparently, my vocals didn't lend themselves to speaking Amber's tongue any better than hers did mine. Every word I spoke felt as though I needed to clear my throat after.
“Cool!”
With that conclusion, the dark-haired girl snapped back to my arm and pressed her lips to the back of my paw. I went slack as she did so and it felt as though all of my muscles had lost their function at once as I sat motionless and silent. I could see and hear the world around me and yet it didn't register that anything existed.
I felt her face lift from my flesh and Amber proclaimed proudly, “Momma did that every time I got bruised up and told me it helped with healing! So maybe you'll get better too!”
“Ah-hah,” was the only response I could manage, made on impulse as the rest of my brain felt a million light years away.
“Alright, everyone,” a voice called from behind us. “They're here, so clear out so they have somewhere to park!”
There was a commotion as the children all scrambled to their feet, including Amber, and they rushed with zealous squeals back toward the body of the camp. But not me.
My jaw remained slack as I stared at the back of my paw, focusing on the wet spot imprinted in my fur. It was a bite of sorts, described exactly as Tac had told me, and yet not a mark was left on my flesh save for the tingling of nerves as I seized up.
My back hit the grass and I let my tail curl around my leg as I held my paw to the sky. “Wuh…”
Something approached and kicked up the grass as I laid still and glared at my decidedly unharmed paw. My eyes traveled up to find Mercy standing over me with the corners of her mouth turned downwards.
“You good?”
“Why did you bite Tac?”
“Lord help us all,” she mumbled while rolling her eyes. “C'mon, let's get you outta here before you’re turned into ven-paté under some truck.”
“Uh huh.”
The elder teen’s grip helped me to my feet as I regained faculties, though I still felt weak. “It was a legitimate question, though,” I told her.
“It's just a sign of affection, I guess. I never really considered it so much before, y’know? It's not like you really think about why everything is when it's so normal, right?”
Speak for yourself, I wanted to tell her, though I held my tongue.
As I took a seat, the thrumming of engines could be heard coming from over the brow of the hill. Apparating as though it were a giant, segmented insect were the adult humans in their ramshackle vehicles, rattling down the hill with each occupied by at least five or six bodies in each of the dozen autos.
The children and elders alike rushed to greet their family as they parked and disembarked from the chain of gas guzzlers. Parents lifted their children in the air and hugged them while the elders chatted with them. But among the troupe of humans that had arrived, I knew something felt off.
“They’re one vehicle short,” I noted to Mercy.
“Hm?”
“I counted them when they left. They’re one short.”
Her piercing gaze scanned the fleet herself before she nodded. “Mike’s missing.”
Michael was the driver that Richard had departed with and so that helped explain the deadpan Terran’s absence. Luka and Hileen both recounted the same human by name when talking of their experiences with them, with both drawing the conclusion that he had to be the worst driver on Venlil Prime.
“Psst,” came a voice hissing from behind. “Mercy.”
Mercy turned to give attention to Tac as he sulked away from the crowd as usual, though I remained with my back turned to him while watching the humans interact.
The tip of my tail tickled at the grass watching children get smothered in affection by their parents, and they in turn received hugs from their elders as others chattered. I itched at the back of my palm where Amber's mouth had been as Johnny's parents each planted a similar bite on his cheek and forehead. Chihiro carried her brother on her shoulders as she chatted with her own parents with brimming snarls.
“Looks like Mike had a bit too much fun and ran his truck off the road,” Mercy told me as she came back from talking with Tac. “They're on their way.”
“I can do without seeing Crow.”
“Yeah, well, I could do with a place to practice rock climbing, but we can't always get what we want.”
“You humans really are strange for wanting to climb stuff.”
“It's in our nature, no matter how deeply buried.”
She playfully bumped me on the shoulder and I returned with a gentle lashing of my tail against her ankle to which she welcomed with hissing laughter. The teenager wandered off in the direction of her family's tent.
The crowd that had gathered to greet the returning humans was slowly beginning to disperse as the vehicles were unloaded of a variety of equipment. I was relieved to find that there were no signs of blood or death to be seen, assuaging the deep-seated worry that I had of the humans being on the hunt. As little trust as I had for Crow, there'd be no redeeming one so sordid as himself were he to be everything he was as well as a murderer.
I looked forward to seeing Luka again, even if the only thing he had to tell me was stories of his human coworkers. Perhaps now I had stories of my own experiences with humans to tell him and maybe I'd get to see that glimmer in his eye once again that had so long ago been tarnished.
Amber's delighted shrieks were heard over the commotion and I could spot her being held in the air above her father's head as her toothy snarl became somehow wider. Her legs kicked while she wriggled in the hefty human’s embrace and turned attention to her mother as she was lowered into her grasp.
Even here amongst predators, thoughts of home still hounded me. The closest I could recall mom or dad ever coming to that was when they brought me along to one of their outings for dinner where I was allowed to pick the venue. I was still not permitted to talk to other people even then, but I didn't mind at the time.
The gurgle of another gas-powered engine roared over the brow of the hill, prompting a few others and I to turn our attention upwards.
Breaching the horizon came the last truck, though I was curious to note that it appeared to be driving backwards. Tilting my head didn't give me any more of a vantage to figure out why the truck backed up down the hill, nor did it help decipher the mindless chanting that ramped up as the vehicle closed the distance.
“John Wayne's teeth, hey-a
John Wayne's teeth, hey-a
Are they plastic, are they steel-a”
A claw tapping me on the shoulder spooked me, though I had grown to suppress the instinct to jump and make a fuss. “Momma would like to talk before we send you off,” Mercy told me. “She's in our tent.”
I obeyed the summons, almost forgetting how to navigate the maze of rickety shacks and tents to find the Blackfoxes’ residence. It was a simple task, though, once I remembered that the elder sibling had given it a “groovy” paint job.
Approaching the government-issued yurt that had been painted with vivid flowers, I found it odd for it to not have a horde of humans gathered around. They'd typically mill about Martha's tent while she spoke with each of them about their concerns, though what became of their talks was beyond my knowledge.
I ducked inside without notifying Martha, finding her seated at the squat table that was situated in the middle of the tent. The matriarch turned her eyes up to face me and she happily set her insulated cup down.
“There's not really any room for more chairs,” she told me. “But feel free to take a seat anywhere.”
My ears gently brushed against the top of the tent before I sat down just to the right of where she rested. In this claustrophobic environment, I'd have assumed I was being lured into a trap before. At the very least, I still kept my ears on a swivel for signs of trouble, but now confidence outweighed caution.
We sat for a moment without saying anything as Ma adjusted her seat to look at me directly, leaning an elbow against the table as she reclined.
She asked, “Enjoy your stay?”
I scratched the scruff on my neck as I wondered that myself.
“No. Not at first.”
“But now you can say you did?”
“Everything here is a new experience. For me, and possibly every other person who'd have grown up under the Federation.”
“You pulled through, despite being surrounded by predators. That's more than can be said for the lady who stabbed a guy in panic on the first day of the Exchange Program.”
My ear waggled in entertainment to think someone had set the bar so low. What fool would brazenly assault a predator to begin with?
“There were a few times where I thought I'd need to run for the hills,” I explained. “The children you raise are an unadulterated look into what life was like back on Earth, if nothing else.”
Martha chuckled and covered her snarl with a palm as she spoke, “I will choose to believe that's a compliment, given your opinion on us before.”
“I'd say it's a stellar review in the face of almost drowning while under your employment.”
Her face fell a bit and she rubbed the back of her neck while averting her eyes. “Yeah…”
“That is to say!” I blurted out hastily. “Th-that everything else has made it worth my time.”
My desperation to clarify myself felt embarrassing and my ears turned warm as they went flush. Martha sat still for a moment before she spoke again.
“When Richard hired you, he told me you wanted to up your price. 1200 credits?”
“It's a big ask in hindsight, I know. I didn't realize how tight your budget was at the time and I'm grateful that you've offered me—”
She waved a hand with a shushing hiss.
“We don't need to worry so much about that now. Where I was going with that was, that you agreed to our terms yourself, and accepted with only a reasonable upcharge. No other local would've been so quick to take on this job for even quadruple the price!”
“Brashness is a quality of mine I'm becoming more familiar with,” I joked.
“Must be something in the water. But payment is why I summoned you here, actually. We have only a few members who were on board with having an ‘alien’ presiding over the children, and fewer still who contributed any funds.”
“So what you're offering is out of the pocket of only a couple of contributors. I see.”
“I hope it doesn't lessen your opinion of us to tell you that.”
I scratched my snout and exhaled, shaking free the impulse to inquire any further with a flick of my ear.
“So I suppose all there is left to do is arrange payment, and I'll be on my way?”
“It would seem so.”
Heavy footsteps shuffled across the grass outside though conversation from the crowd remained distant. They stopped right outside of the entrance and the canvas foyer rattled as knuckles rapped against the cloth.
“Martha, it's me,” growled a familiar voice. “Everyone decent?”
“You’re clear, come on in.”
The flap shot open and my paw balled into a fist as Richard froze upon spotting me. The predator’s blank gaze didn’t hide their confusion when I could clearly spot their eyes flicking between Martha and I.
“Sorry, am I interrupting something?” Crow asked.
“We were just finishing up,” I responded, making no effort to hide my contempt for the interloper's presence.
Martha waved a hand to one of the chairs. “Have a seat, and I'll be right with you.”
Richard seemed almost deflated as he sulked over to the table. I resisted the opportunity to trip him with my tail in front of Martha to humiliate him, instead glowering at him as he afforded me a quick glance. I turned my attention back to the leader figure that was present while he took a seat.
“So 1100 credits was the agreed upon price, yes?”
“It was, though if there's anything else you desire outside the monetary value, you need only ask. We can't offer much, but I'm sure I have the ear of someone who can.”
“Hopefully you don't mean that literally,” I jested, putting on a facade of worry.
I could spot Crow watching Martha chuckle at my quip. His miserable expression was almost unreadable, save for the furrowing of the pelts on his brow.
Let him watch me charm his kind as easily as he thinks he can mine.
I raised my tail behind my head while I leaned against the table and curled the end loosely to convey appreciation. It was a sign that was rarely used outside of close bonding - that is to say, it'd been a while since I had been able to use it.
Recognition didn't light up in Martha's expression but I was content with projecting affection in any way I could. Understanding wasn't as important as the gesture itself.
“So might I at least know the names of those who did contribute? I'd like to express my thanks to them.”
Richard was the one who responded, “I wouldn't ask questions I wouldn't want the answers—”
“What he means,” Martha interjected. “Is that most contributors wouldn't like being mentioned by name. Aliens are still a polarizing subject and can crop up arguments that others may be obligated to avoid.”
My ears and tail sagged a bit. “Did my presence bring up that much of a problem?”
“More like it's one of a million other things these people can't agree about. But of those who I think would enjoy a bit of gratitude, you may already know some of them.”
“Oh? Tell me!”
I made eye contact with Crow who remained quiet as he cradled his chin in his palm against the table. His bored demeanor irked me in ways I couldn't describe.
“The Ito family, of whom you're already familiar with their daughter Chihiro, were the first to pledge. They're good folk and will happily accept your thanks. Next was myself, though I didn't give much. One of our cooks, Raksh, also contributed a bit, though that may have been more out of courtesy than anything else. And lastly…”
She lazily extended a claw toward Richard.
“... is Mister Crow here, your biggest donor who paid damn near half of your wage!”
Slowly, I felt myself deflate as enthusiasm made way for disappointment. I gritted my teeth to keep any brash words from escaping my lips.
“Closer to a third, actually,” he corrected her. “And with me already having the contact details of your brother, that means I can help set up the rest of the transaction.”
Even when I think I'm winning, he finds a way to one-up me.
“Would you mind giving us a moment, Vili? I think Mister Crow came here to say something and I’d hate to keep you from saying your goodbyes.”
Obliging her request, Martha and Richard waited patiently as I shuffled out of the tent. I hadn't realized how tightly my paw was clenched before reaching the outside where I felt my joints creak with relief as the fist unballed.
In the short time I'd been away, I secretly began to crave interaction from any of the humans I'd become acquainted with. My mind drifted to the slop that Big Joe always served, and how he always laughed every time I tried to inquire as to his full name. It wasn't quite dinner time, though, and so I then considered if any of the kids were still roaming about for me to tell stories to.
Whispers came from the tent before I could set a destination and my ears immediately perked up. I'd found that the humans’ ears were not nearly as effective as mine and so I found it easy to go unnoticed around them. I assumed they thought I was out of earshot by now.
I crouched on one knee and raised an ear to listen, though it was garbled hisses from this far. Curiosity got the better of me and I shuffled on my knees toward the tent, hiding in the shadow cast by an adjacent tent to mask my presence.
“... playing games with the lives of children,” came the low growl of Crow.
“Miss Ito and my own daughter are both very capable of defending themselves and the children from a venlil, Richard. You need to have faith that things can turn out alright.”
“Faith! She wanted to—”
There was a pause before I heard heavy stomping through the canvas. The mesh flaps that acted as windows were quickly torn shut one by one. I feared Crow would spot me, but he seemed too focused on hiding whatever it was he was talking about.
“She told me that she would've used my brains to add character development to a fucking snowglobe. Faith wouldn't have saved me if she carried through.”
“The fact that she informed you of her plot should be some small comfort that there's a piece of her that trusts you.”
“We don't know how many pieces there are! Should we wait for her to try to gore me on the street a second time? Perhaps you’ll get some insight if she sticks a claw through my eye?”
“I'd never let it come to that. I do wonder why it is that you're so worried about her. Did you not tell me you knew someone in her position?”
I heard a huff leave Richard before he spoke, “That was while she was getting help from professionals! What, do you hope to get her the therapy she needs from some squalid nowhere shantytown when we're eating out of the aliens’ trough ourselves?”
“It's a preferable alternative to leaving her at the mercy of the Federation's methods of ‘healing’. At least this way, she's getting help that matters.”
By this point, their voices had lowered into hissing whispers that even I strained to hear.
“I expect that you'll be more open with the others about your motives in the future, Martha. Maybe I have no rock to stand on when I say this, but your actions could very well draw the UN's eye, and the last thing I want is to have the Blues down here.”
“Is it related to your incarceration? Perhaps you were on parole before the bombing and fear the UN will be after you?”
I listened to rustling coming from my left and the conversation grew quiet. I turned to see Tac trotting along, surprisingly unaccompanied by Mercy as he shoveled a bowl of stew into his maw. He stopped mid-bite to look at me hunched over next to the Blackfoxes’ tent and narrowed his eyes in suspicion.
Shove off, I signaled to him. Come back later.
Weird, he replied before trotting off without fuss, thankfully.
There was something of a release from within the tent as I heard Crow and Blackfox alike exhale.
“I assure you, Richard,” Martha started again. “Whatever fears you have, you're protected by venlil laws of asylum as well as having the backing of myself-”
“We can do therapy later,” Crow butted in. “I'll take Vili home. I hope you're prepared to explain to your son that this mission we've embarked on wasn't the quest for glory he thought it'd be.”
“I've tried my best to tamp his expectations down, but I was hoping that Kanek would be open to publishing our actions. The bus that is taking the ones you rescued into town should be arriving shortly, and Kanek will be here soon after she's shushed them.”
I scampered off when I heard Crow trudge out of the tent, using my paws to crawl as quietly as I could manage out of sight. Blowing dirt off of the scab on my punctured paw, I walked off to find people I wanted to say goodbye to.
Most of the kids were already spending time with their families, but the few who still milled about and played were happy to give one last goodbye. Riley broke down in tears while we embraced and I now had a stain on the fur of my belly where her tears had soaked through.
I tried shifting by a group of the adults that were celebrating their return around a campfire. The looks I got as I did so were unnerving now that I understood the discourse that my presence had caused.
Approaching Crow, I pretended I didn’t know why he was slinking between groups and milling wanderers with a leering eye. He turned about to the sounds of my paws shuffling across the grass and threw his head backwards in a lazy greeting similar to how Mercy would.
“Are you ready to head back home?”
“I'm sure Luka has held the place down on his own… but yes.”
“Good, I'll bring the truck around for you and we'll be on our way.”
“Richa-a-a-a-ard!”
My ears perked up and I snapped my head about to meet the approaching Amber with her arms outstretched. Her voice bounced with each step as she rushed toward the towering Terran. Crow let out a grunt as she forced her arms around his waist and jumped about with glee.
“Mama said you were a party pooper! You told me you'd stay cool!”
“Aw, I'm sure you can forgive me for keeping to myself, Amber. Did you enjoy your time alone?”
Amber turned the corners of her mouth down in a pouty expression. “No, I didn't have anyone to help me with my homework!”
Richard patted the young girl on the back and began trying to pry her arms from him.
“I'm sure you managed just fine, you're smarter than the average second grader. And how did Vili treat you?”
I folded my ears back when Crow's eyes turned back to me.
“Vili? That's Luka!”
Amber finally unlatched herself from Crow and rushed over to my side, jabbing a claw toward me.
“See? The ear is the same color! And she knows when I say her name! Mercy told me venlil don't have boobies like human girls do but she's a girl! You were wrong!”
A couple of the voices closest to us erupted in the familiar, grating laughter that accompanied humans everywhere. I tilted my head while trying to grasp what it was Amber said that had earned such a response. Human and venlil physiology was different for sure, but I'd never considered it so entertaining.
Perhaps it's some in-joke that I'm not knowledgeable on, I thought, humans seem to like those.
Crow lowered his eyes to the ground and pursed his lips before squatting down and beckoning Amber toward him. She obeyed and the taller Terran cupped a hand over her ear, whispering quietly.
Amber's eyes lit up as Crow continued and her mouth hung agape. “Lu- ah, er…you're a twin?!”
In a rush, Amber grasped the fur around my ribs and began shaking me back and forth. “You were hiding it from me-e-e!”
Given this small child was still two-thirds my weight, I wobbled like a sapling in the wind as I tried to grab for the scolding child's wrists.
“Please. Stop. Gonna hurl.”
The little girl groaned and buried her face in my stomach. “You must think I'm pretty stupid too, huh?”
Mustering as much of my understanding of English, I belched out, “No.”
Amber buried her face deeper into my pelt while exhaling.
“l'ou… no donb.”
She raised her head to look me head-on, something which I couldn't return in full for the placement of my eyes.
“I'ou's… Zm’rd. Kappy. Ngai'z.”
“You stink at English,” Amber giggled while shooting me one last face-splitting snarl. I mashed her cheeks between my paws and she relented her grasp.
“I neeb go, fr'nd! O’gee?”
“Okay! I promise I'll try to know how to say ‘hi’ next time! And more.”
Richard butted in, “I'm sure she'll hold you to that promise, but I think it's time we got going.”
As soon as he had suggested as much, I caught sight of a human who was only covered in pelts from the waist down stagger into view. The glassy eyed stare and uncoordinated movement were all too familiar to me even without knowing where they were before.
They growled, “Fucks the alien still doing here?”
“Just about to get going, Paul,” Richard shot back. “Don't concern yourself with her.”
“It has been here long enough! Move along, little lambchop!”
“Man, lay off,” another human intervened. “She's as welcome here as any other guest.”
“Nah, Paul has a point. How do we know she ain't some Baby Burner spy or some shit? Get the xeno outta here!”
The humans quickly began bickering amongst themselves and I felt the firm grasp of Crow on my shoulder tug me away from the commotion. Amber trailed behind, watching the debates unfold behind us while we made our way along.
Crow opened the door in a raggedy truck in even worse condition than the others, standing aside for me to enter. While I didn't want to test the predator's patience in light of the tension behind us, I whirled about to give Amber one last goodbye hug. Her grasp around my neck was like iron though the wet streams on her face were all I needed to know that I should let her have this.
“You're gonna come back, right? You and your brother are gonna come and say hi?”
I saw no point in trying to cobble together an articulate sentence in her own language that'd fall flat as soon as I spoke. I considered my words carefully while I clasped her hands in my paws.
“I want to, but I have class that I need to catch up with, as well as I'm in need of a stable job once I'm through with this one. I don't know when I'll be back, but I want you to know that you've made this the best two weeks I've had in a long time, Amber. I don't know how much of my language you understand, but your enthusiasm has surpassed all barriers.”
She stared back up at me with her lips locked in an “oh” pose before turning to Richard who still watched with a lazy gaze.
“She said ‘maybe’.”
That seemed to suffice for Amber as she broke free and ran off squealing with her arms in the air as she always did when she was excited. I'd gotten used to the ear-splitting shrieks of the kids, and my ears didn't even fold back on reflex anymore.
“That's not what I said,” I grumbled to Crow.
He clicked his tongue as he held the door open for me. “Less is more. She's a kid, so she may not fully grasp your struggles anyway.”
With a huff, I crawled into the truck and kicked my feet up onto the dashboard while Crow ducked in behind the wheel. He twisted the key and the vehicle gurgled to life.
Strangely enough, I found that instead of the truck lurching forward, Crow put the vehicle into reverse, using the mirror to navigate up the hill. The truck seemed to make sure we felt every rock and bump that it struck, and I eventually decided to straighten out my posture so that I didn't get folded in half by a particularly bad bump.
Richard seemed unfazed by the sickness-inducing commotion, guiding the truck up the hill with a steady gaze. Stopping at the top, he whipped out his holopad and tapped away while quietly mumbling to himself.
“... hundred-fifty year-old country shit, sure why not.”
He tapped once more and the truck's audio system whirred with the melodic twang of a stringed instrument accompanied by simple percussion. A human's strange croon came over the speaker in a curious tune.
“You held me up, held me down
Made me crazy, then turned me around…”
Richard twisted the knob to bring the volume down to a more agreeable level and I caught a glimpse down at the camp. A group of humans were now gathered where I'd been talking with Amber just moments before.
Now, I could spot the human Paul bumping chests with a human much larger than he, noses almost touching in a clear display of aggression as they howled at each other. Humans pointed claws at one another and argued while yet more flocked to the scene of the commotion. Whether their motives were to disperse or exacerbate was yet to be seen.
“You were my shelter and my storm
Made me cold, then you made me warm…”
Crow finally put the truck in gear and we rolled backwards yet again, leaving the only sight before me the peaks of the Belimal retreating beneath the grassy brow.
As I let the truck shuttle me back to my brother, I yearned for the comfort of my own bed and blankets, for the soft hum of my own air conditioning unit, and for the obnoxious snoring and sleep-talking of my own flesh and blood.
From here, one might even be able to see the highest of the foothills from which my roots would lay betwixt, a reminder that the pangs of home weren't just knots in my stomach. Luka and I had a long way to go to get away from home, and even longer to be rid of it.
“One step forward and two steps back, nobody gets too far like that
One step forward and two steps back, this kind of dance can never last.”
[ First / Previous / Next ]
2024.05.19 22:36 No_Math6278 The cast's relationship with the survivors and the victims' families (based on what they have said in interviews and social media).
For some pictures, click here: https://www.reddit.com/SocietyOfTheSnow/comments/1c2s61i/movie_meets_real_life_actors_with_their_survivors/
Played survivors:
1) Netflix: Who Were We on the Mountain? + Tom Holland interview + Bardem interview + many other interviews with families, survivors and cast members.
2) Actors and survivors' personal Instagram accounts.
3) Interview by Moobys (YouTube)
4) Interview by Fangirleando y Chismeando (YouTube)
5) Juanicar's livestreams
6) Society of the Snow book (newest edition)
7) "Una Montaña de Amor", event organized by Biblioteca Nuestros Hijos (NGO ran since 1973 by the families of the victims), may 20th, 2024.
8) Interview by DESCAJETADOS
9) Interview by COONET
10) Interview by Pablo GF
11) Interview by Algo que decir
EDIT: Added more links.
EDIT 2: Added more details, and added info shared in the "Una Montaña de Amor" event.
EDIT 3: Found more interviews with lesser known cast members.
submitted by No_Math6278 to SocietyOfTheSnow [link] [comments]
Played survivors:
- Matías Recalt (Roberto Canessa): Matías thinks that meeting the real people involved in this forces them, as actors, to build their work from respect. When he got introduced in the dinner as the one who played Canessa, the survivors would jokingly tell him "poor you". Because of his father's hospitalization, he would end up learning a lot about cardiology while preparing for the role (Dr. Canessa is a pediatric cardiologist). He calls Dr. Canessa “Robert”. Although they don’t resemble each other physically (other than having big noses), both Canessa and Laura, his wife, say that Matías resembles a young Canessa in personality, like a son or a grandson would. Matías could not cry on set, his emotions were kind of blocked (his father had passed away very recently), but Roberto says he was never able to cry in the mountains either. Matías is also headstrong and would sometimes do things his way instead of the way Bayona asked for him, which was very Canessa of him (1).
- Agustín Pardella (Fernando "Nando" Parrado): He calls Nando his favorite hero and feels that he has taught him a lot about resilience, and makes him want to become a better person (2). He considers Nando a friend, someone with a lot of emotions and warmth, which he had to block in the mountains. Rather that portraying the “superhero” that the media has often painted Nando as, he focused on getting to know him as a person and bring his humanity onscreen (3).
- Agustín Della Corte (Antonio "Tintín" Vizintín): He and Tintín had already met before, since Tintín used to be the president of the Uruguayan Rugby Union, and Della used to be part of the national rugby team (3). They hugged when they met for the movie for the first time (4). tThey met a lot of times, and he got very interested in what Tintín felt in each moment, the emotional details, which is exactly what the survivors wanted. Him being a rugby player helped a lot. Tintín feels that he was able to capture a lot of the essence of what he lived in the mountains. The first time Tintín watched the movie, he didn’t know how he felt about it, because it transported him to the mountains (2).
- Felipe "Pipe" G. Otaño (Carlos "Carlitos" Páez R.): His mother made him read The Society of the Snow when he was younger, so he was more familiar with the story that the average Argentinian. He guessed that he was playing Carlos Páez before the roles were revealed because of his age, physical traits, and what lines he they made him read. He not only Carlito’s book, but also the ones written by his parents. He also watched a lot of interviews with Carlitos (3). He went to Carlitos’ house and met his family. They texted a lot during the process of filming, and still text semi-regularly (2). He also relied on Pablo Vierci on set for details of his personality (3).
- Tomás Wolf (Gustavo Zerbino): He didn’t only get close to Gustavo, they had a barbecue together, and he always answered his questions (3). He also got close to Lupe Zerbino, a daughter. He played in a football (soccer) match, Zerbinos vs Canessas (Zerbinos won). Zerbino still shows him support in social media, even liking more political posts (5).
- Esteban "Kuku" Kukuriczka (Adolfo "Fito" Strauch): He read the book as soon as he got a clue of what the movie was about. At first, they talked at the hotel for around three hours, then he went to his home and met his family, they could empathize with each other (3). Fito and his wife recently went to watch one of Kuku’s theatre performances (2).
- Francisco Romero (Daniel Fernández): They talked a lot. The first time they met up alone, it was in a hotel. Daniel had a lot of love when talking to Fran. Fran feels like he would have played a similar role/made similar decisions in the mountains. According to Chori Segura, Daniel is physically a lot bigger than Fran irl (4). From Daniel, Fran takes away temperance, listening to others, being able to put the group first (3).
- Rafael Federman (Eduardo Strauch): When they met, Eduardo gave him his book as a gift. He would always answer Rafael’s questions (3). Eduardo always received him warmly (2). Rafael took the exit sign of the plane as a souvenir from set, same as Eduardo irl (5).
- Andy Pruss (Roy Harley): He got his information from the books and interviews. But also from talking to him, and how he sees himself in the mountains, 50 years later, what he did right and what he did wrong, specially about not being able to keep his emotions in check, which ended up affecting him a lot (3). Roy took him out in his car to see the places where he grew up, where he studied, his childhood house. Roy also went with Andy and his parents to the beach (2).
- Juan Ignacio "Juanicar" Carusso (Álvaro Mangino): Álvaro as a character had never existed in the other movies, so he felt a lot of responsibility playing him. Álvaro took him home and personally taught him how he used to crawl with a broken leg. He would always answer any question he had (3). Álvaro and Margarita also took some of their family to set, for the hospital scenes (2).
- Simón Hempe (José Luis "Coche" Inciarte): Once his participation got confirmed in the movie, he bought the Society of the Snow and another book about the event, on a whim. It ended up being Coche’s book (3). He feels like he bonded with Coche, since day 1, almost like a grandfather. He also got close to his family, specially his (now) widow, Soledad (2). His death was very hard on Simón (3). They talked a lot, at his house, by phone, on set. They got close enough that Simón could show up to the Inciarte household unannounced (2), and Coche called him his “favorite actor”(2). Coche personally coached him on set for the rescue scenes (told him to remember to smile) and in the hospital (him and Soledad still remembered very clearly how their reencounter was). Soledad says that the movie was something that gave Coche energy despite being ill, and that watching it made him proud. He once met some friends of Coche by chance, and they shared pictures and memories of him (3).
- Valentino Alonso (Alfredo "Pancho" Delgado): When they first met by themselves, they couldn’t look at each other in the eye. Pancho is still very affected by what happened, and Valentino wanted to transmit the emotions (including impotence for nor being able to convince Numa to eat enough to live) that he could still see in him, but also fears the movie broke him a bit too (2). According to ML Berch, his manners are similar to Pancho’s, also him being very good at talking while still being reserved (4). Pancho told him still considers Numa his life’s biggest friend (3).
- Esteban Bigliardi (Javier Methol): Javier had already passed away (2015) by the time the casting started (2021). He got his information from reading books, watching interviews. He got to know that Javier, despite having a hard life, had a very strong spirit, passion for life, compassion. He asked the survivors about him, and they would say that Javier was love (3).
- Rocco Posca (Ramón "Moncho" Sabella): For the last round of casting, they sent him a video of Moncho, and he says that he nurtured himself with it, he felt like Moncho (3). They became really close, and he talks to Moncho informally, as a friend, on Moncho’s insistence (2). They talk a lot on the phone (2). Rocco feels that they formed a kind of connection, that he got some of his energy. Their families stories are a bit similar (ie. Moncho helped his father in the fruit market stall, while Rocco’s uncles did the same on the other side of the river, in Argentina), and also he would get certain feelings or trains of thoughts while in character, that he would later discover were similar to Moncho’s own in the mountains (3).
- Luciano Chatton (Pedro Algorta): They met alone at least once in Punta del Este, in 2021. They walked together, and Pedro asked him if he had read his book. He had, but hadn’t finished. They ended up talking for about 4 hours. He doesn’t want to talk a lot about Pedro, because what he says may be different from reality. Pedro seems to still carry wonder and timidity from the mountains. (2)
- Agustín Berruti (Roberto "Bobby" Francois): He too is from Tacuarembó, part of the Uruguayan countryside, and still works as a horse tamer. He went to Bobby’s house. Bobby said that he didn’t have any idea as to why they sent him there, because he wouldn’t be able to help him with anything, Berru said that he didn't know why he was there either. So they drank wine and talked about the countryside life instead (1)
- Enzo Vogrincic (Numa Turcatti): When he introduced himself as the one that played Numa, the survivors would hug him, trying to get to Numa through him, and he started to notice how special Numa was at that moment. "How good could a person be, to be remembered like this?". He didn’t get to meet Numa’s twin, Leonardo, as he passed away in 2009. But he did meet Daniel and Isabel Turcatti, other siblings, and their children. He was given a tour of the Turcatti’s childhood home, and Daniel would recall different anecdotes in each room. Numa would have absolutely hated being a protagonist, but his siblings feel that he deserved the homage and being one. The survivors and Bayona say that he resembles Numa in the fact that he would constantly bring himself down for not being good enough (1) While filming a soccer match (deleted scene), Enzo injured his thigh, Gustavo Zerbino told him "I took care of Numa's leg in the mountain, I will take care of yours now". Enzo says that they filmed everyday thinking about the day the survivors and the families would watch the movie (1). Zerbino also says that he can sees the greatness of humanity in Enzo. And he also thinks that Enzo's life is hard now because he became famous and lost his anonimity. Daniel Turcatti congratutaled Enzo for being able to transmit Numa's essence, and that his acting and homage was worth it. They didn't only go to the Turcatti childhood house, but also their grandparents' and also somewhere he met up with friends for barbecues. When Isabel grabbed his hand at the end of the house tour, she also told Enzo "Your'e the same". After watching the movie, Daniel approached Enzo and kept repeating "Numa was just like that". Note: Daniel wants to clarify that Numa did NOT actually ride a bycicle in Montevideo (7).
- Fernando Contigiani (Arturo Nogueira): After the dinner with the survivors, he was taken to the Nogueira’s house and had a big tea time with them (3). They also accompanied him during the whole process of the movie. Arturo’s siblings, Gabriel and Selina are very thankful towards him, say their family is open towards him, and think Arturo would have liked his work. Cristina, another sister, says he helped her close her mourning process. He was the first person Selina called after she watched the movie for the first time (2).
- Benjamín “Chori” Segura (Rafael "El Vasco” Echavarren): His biggest source of information were Rafael’s sisters, Daniel Fernández helped him a lot too, since he held a lot of love towards Vasco while in the mountains. He tried to see what all three sisters shared, because Rafael could have had those same things too (4). The first time he met the Echavarren sisters, it was at an hotel they asked "Are you Rafael?" and he said "I will try". They hugged and cried, they laughed and talked for hours. The sisters have both said that they love Chori and that having him is like having their brother back, somewhat (but that Rafael was more shameless) (2). The first time they met, Baty thought that he was too cute, and his personality was not overwhelming enough. Pilar started touching his hair and saying what he would need to do to it to resemble Vasco more. "Poor Chori". When they were filming at the airport, with all the actors lined up, he suddenly heard someone shout "Oh, my little brother!", it was Baty Echevarren, and her and another sister ran to Chori. Then, they proceeded to correct and direct his acting so that he would better resemble their brother. She lated discovered that she was always stuck to Chori in pictures, despite her not seeing the resemblance neither in looks nor personality, but like she subconciously felt something of Vasco in Chori. He later explained that he was palying the Rafael of the mountains, not the Rafael the sisters knew, but someone who was hurt and humilliated by his injuries, and, after 50 years, she could see how her brother was in the mountains. (7).
- Paula Baldini (Liliana Navarro): She was able to talk to a sister, a friend, and her daughters (3). The most emotional part of filming was meeting the Methols daughters in the airport, since she was dressed exactly as their last memory of her. They all cried, and thanked her a lot (5). Male Methol says that the movie helped her picture the mother she didn’t get to grow up with (1). The other children also say that the movie helped them close the cycle (3).
- Diego Vegezzi (Marcelo Pérez del Castillo): He says that he got a lot of who was Marcelo from the Society of the Snow book, and also from "Del Otro Lado de la Montaña", the book written by the families. He had the same role as an empathetic leader in his family, the team and in the mountains (3). When they first met him, the survivors gathered around him because he looked so alike Marcelo (6). Stella, sister, says that what she saw in the movie feels like the Marcelo she knew, that his death onscreen brought forward the feelings she had bottled up for 50 years, and that the movie remembered that the 16 that made it back did it so because of the 29 left behind (1). Their relationship started before they met, during JA and producer's visit to the Biblioteca Nuestros Hijos, where Pablo Vierci told her that Diego looked very alike Marcelo, and she was in shock when she saw his casting (pictures? videos?), she does agree that they look similar. The first time he met the Pérez del Castillo siblings, it was at Stella's house, he was with ML Berch, and they were both very nervous. Diego was growing his beard as a test for the makeup department. Stella says that it was very emotional, and that Diego's peace, brought her peace. The family knew about Diego reading their book, and how he studied the character, and they liked that he asked for small details about how he acted. They also measured him to see if their heights coincided. Stella looked for Diego in the movie, and even when he was just in the backround, she could see Marcelo. The most meaningful moment for her, was Marcelo's death, as it brought her peace. The hardest part about playing Marcelo was finding a way to be an empathetic authority (7).
- Blas Polidori (Gustavo "Coco" Nicolich): He relied a lot in Coco’s letters, since they have so much of his personality (3). He mostly talked with Álvaro, also nicknamed Coco, the younger brother. They met at his office, alongside an acting coach. They talked about what Gustavo’s essence was, their family, their parents, how them, as a family lived the tragedy. Álvaro tends to leave supportive comments on Blas Instagram from the Nicolich family business account, he says that Blas could bring Coco back in his last moments and was thankful for it, even if he saw him suffer (2). He also keeps contact with Álvaro´s daughter, Coco’s niece, Pauli (3).
- Emanuel Parga (Sgt. Carlos Roque): Roque’s family didn’t want to talk much with the production, because they were still angry and felt disrespected because of his portrayal in Alive (1993) (3). He got in contact with Alejandro, Roque’s son, and also people from the Air Force. The first time he met Alejandro, they couldn’t speak, but they cried and hugged, it felt like two friends meeting again after a long time. He promised that he would honour his father, bring his dignity back (2). Roque’s sister got in contact with Ema only after the release of the movie, and was both relieved and happy with it. She liked that they portrayed the love he had for his job (3).
- Felipe Ramusio (Diego Storm): He had played rugby as a kid. He got in contact with Diego’s brother, and also a family friend. The survivor that helped him the most was Carlitos (very close to Diego, even named one of his kids after him), who invited even him to his house. After the movie, the family contacted him again and congratulated him (3).
- Alfonsina Carrocio (Susana "Susy" Parrado): She mostly talked to Nando. He was very descriptive on how she was injured, what she could and could not do after the crash, how Liliana would take care of her (3).
- Santiago Vaca Narvaja (Daniel Maspons): He was welcomed to Daniel’s nephew’s house with tea and chocolate. He keeps contact with the Maspons sisters, specially with Rosario, the eldest. They showed him a lot of love. She thanked him for helping her understand what happened in the mountains. He does not resemble Maspons in personality, since Daniel was very shy and not very talkative, and had to learn to have a silent presence (3).
- Juandi Eirea (Juan Carlos Menéndez): He did play rugby for 15 years, which helped him with characterization. The Menéndez family didn’t take part in the movie production (3). He went to the Valley of Tears with Martín Zerbino (son), Juan Pedro Nicola (son) and Fede Aznárez in 2023 and left a letter to Juan Carlos. (2)
- Federico Aznárez (Enrique Platero): His father trained in the Old Christian’s gym as a kid, so he had always had a big connection to the story. He re-read the books after being cast. He got in contact with Roberto Canessa, before the casting even finished, and they talked for about 30 minutes in Dr. Canessa’s workplace (the hospital), mostly about how their life were before the crash. He phoned Roberto before the last round of casting, because the books had very little information about Enrique, and Canessa invited him home to practice his scenes, and also to talk a lot about Enrique and his family. Netflix wasn’t able to contact the Platero family, so Gustavo Zerbino did it instead. They had a barbecue with Enrique’s nephews and nieces, who knew very little about him, and Fede asked Zerbino a lot of questions, with some chime-ins from the Plateros (3). He later got in contact with Martín Zerbino (son), Juan Pablo Nicola (son of the Nicolas, who passed away in the crash) and, alongside Juani Eirea went to the Valley of Tears in February 2023, where they left letters for Enrique and Juan Carlos (2).
- Jerónimo Bosia (Franciso "Panchito" Abal): Netflix was not able to contact the Abal family, most of them had already passed away. After the movie release, a step sister sent Carlitos an audio message, which got to Jerónimo through Pipe Otaño, talking about how she could now understand that Pancho didn’t make it back so that some would be able to (3).
- Agustín Lain (Carlos Valeta): They told him that he resembles Valeta in his looks and his youth (3). It’s unclear who “they” are, if they were survivors, Vierci or Valeta relatives.
- Lautaro Bakir (Julio Martínez-Lamas): He got to meet the family while filming, which was something very impactful for him. He met a sister while filming at the airport, him in character with a beard. He got most of his information by what Pablo Vierci and Zerbino told him. Julio was not a rugby player, but was a big fan of the Old Christians and would always participate in the chants (3).
- Lucas Mascareña (Fernando “Flaco” Vázquez): He met Teresa Vázquez, a sister, and her family when they saw him characterized at the airport, and hugged him without saying anything. They recognized him, and could see both his eyes and facial expressions that he played Fernando. (2) He asked for their contact, and later met up to have a barbecue with them. Because Fernando was one of Canessa's best friends, he too was at that meet up. Dr. Canessa said that el Flaco was very smart and would have saved a lot of people had he lived (because of wording it's unclear if it would have been at the mountains or if he had lived to become a doctor). Lucas wants to go to Uruguay to meet them again, and also wants them to go to Argentina so thet can meet his family (8). A friend of Fernando says that Lucas’ acting brought him back (2). Fun fact, the actor is a commercial pilot.
- Federico Formento (Daniel Shaw): He was initially unable to contact the Shaw family, so he got bits and pieces from the books. He eventually met with Miguel Shaw, Daniel’s brother, after Pablo Vierci got him his contact, while they were filming the Uruguay scenes (3).
- Pablo Tate (sp?) (Dr. Francisco Nicola): He already knew one of the Nicola children before filming started. He met all four children at a Nicola family reunion alongside his onscreen partner (9). To Juan Pedro Nicola, son, seeing him acting at the airport was magic, like seeing them again (1).
- Virginia Kaufmann (Esther Horta de Nicola): Before filming, she got in contact with her co-star, Pablo Tate, saying she wanted to meet the Nicola, despite the fact that Netflix hadn't made contact with them, He said he would organize a meeting with the one he knew when she came to Montevideo. That meeting ended up being a family reunion, with all four Nicola children, plus their wives, children and the aunt that ended up raising them after their parents passed away. They told the actors about their parents, and also about how the survivors took care of them after coming back. Virginia wasn't provided one by the costuming department, but she imagined that she had a necklace with 4 figurines, signifing Esther's children, during filming, as the real Mrs. Nicola had. While filming at the airport, she was approached by Gustavo Zerbino. "Estercita". He took a step back, looked at her, and said he could see the resemblance, but that Esther was taller in real life. (9).
- Tea "Teuss" Alberti (Graziela Augusto de Mariani): She already knew the story very well before the casting process, and figured out who she was auditioning for before the roles were revealed. The production told her that they didn't have any more information than what the books out at the time had to offer. She did a lot of investigation on her own, more than Pablo Vierci even did (as said by him). She understands why her family is so private, and why there are only like 2 pictures of Mrs. Graziela in the internet. She tried finding a connection by relating to her as a mother, waiting to see her child. She also asked the costuming department for a medal, and took her grandmother's Bible to the mountain, as Mrs. Graziela was very religious, While they were filming at the airport, the survivors started recognizing her as Mrs. Mariani. Zerbino approached her, hugged her, and apologized. At some point, she was contacted by one of the Mariani children, a daughter, which was very important and emotional to Teuss. They had a long, beautiful talk. She understands Graziela as a woman who was very brave for her time (8).
- S. Giselle Pereyra (Eugenia Dolgay de Parrado): She thinks Eugenia was a very hard-working woman (2). She talked a lot with Graciela, the eldest Parrado daughter, and also with Nando but she only really talked with him on the phone. They both have a lot of adoration towards their mother. Since she is Uruguayan, she went to Punta del Este, where Graciela lives, and they met up to talk about Mrs. Eugenia and showed her pictures. Eugenia was energetic, loving, inspiring (10).
- Toto Rovito (Alexis Hounié): For him, taking part in the movie was beautiful. Because he played such a small role, he didn't have a long time with the survivors, but still got to talk to them (10).
- Maximiliano "Maxi" de la Cruz (Col. Dante Lagurara): He did personally know some survivors before filming (Nando and Carlitos). He didn't have any contact with the Lagurara family. He does know Lagurara had a daughter, who was a newborn at the time of the accident. He initially talked some Air Force members about contacting the family, and was told they didn't want to be contacted, a decision that he respects. He did try to be as respectful as possible, specially since most people do point their fingers at him. He also tried to get to know as much about Col. Lagurara as he could. (11).
- Julián Bedino (Guido Magri): Although he does have interviews (3), I could not find footage of him talking about whether he met with the Magri played, or if he talked with the survivors about them. There are pictures of Vera Magri (sister) with JA Bayona, though.
- Francisco Bereny (Felipe Maquirriaín): Sandra Maquirriaín (sister) was involved in the process of the movie (1). I could not find any interview with him.
- Jaime "Louta" James (Gastón Costemalle): I could not find interviews with him talking about SOTS. I am blaming Taylor Swift/hj.
- Fran Burghi (Alfredo Cibilis): He couldn’t meet Alfredo due to schedule conflicts (3).
- Ezequiel Fadel (Sergio Catalán): He was pressured into acting in the movie by Bayona himself due to his physical resemblance (Ezequiel is the brother of Alejandro Fadel, who directed part of SOTS). He works with horses and travels a lot to Chile. He got to meet the Catalán's family. He felt some special energy while filming in Los Maitenes. He did get to see some survivors, but from afar, because he is too timid (10). Fun fact: since he is from Mendonza, his accent is closer to a Chilean accent than a Rioplatense accent.
1) Netflix: Who Were We on the Mountain? + Tom Holland interview + Bardem interview + many other interviews with families, survivors and cast members.
2) Actors and survivors' personal Instagram accounts.
3) Interview by Moobys (YouTube)
4) Interview by Fangirleando y Chismeando (YouTube)
5) Juanicar's livestreams
6) Society of the Snow book (newest edition)
7) "Una Montaña de Amor", event organized by Biblioteca Nuestros Hijos (NGO ran since 1973 by the families of the victims), may 20th, 2024.
8) Interview by DESCAJETADOS
9) Interview by COONET
10) Interview by Pablo GF
11) Interview by Algo que decir
EDIT: Added more links.
EDIT 2: Added more details, and added info shared in the "Una Montaña de Amor" event.
EDIT 3: Found more interviews with lesser known cast members.
2024.05.19 19:59 RedWhiteBluesGuitar C0met P1ng P0ng. P1zzaG@te.
You dare not use the "P Word."
P_G draws all the looneys out; the type of crazy person that will say anything to derail the conversation; the type of hand wringing that makes it obvious there is a cover up going on.
David Seaman has alerts set up so that he is ready to respond to any P_G post within moments, to insert disinformation about James Alefantis being a Rothschild and intentionally, always, forgetting the fact that "I've never had an affair before" is the end of an email thread that describes providing three young girls for entertainment.
The P_G terrifies shills and it terrifies elites such that they spent billions trying to bury the story and make it even seem dangerous to talk about. The over-the-top suppressive response was what drew a lot of people's attention.
On Reddit, you can see the censorship at work; the most reasonable answer, awarded "Reddit Gold" is deleted.
https://i.imgur.com/teOOQPI.png
rareddit allows one to see what Reddit has deleted. In this case, we see that Reuters set of a "strawman argument" about a basement, while ignoring the real focus; the convicted pedophiles; the satanic imagery; the corruption. Reuters is a corrupt mouthpiece of the elite.
https://i.imgur.com/HZ2S8lF.png
Reuters recycled an old trope from another child sex story in Britain, "There is no basement, so there is no child abuse." The problem is that Reuters and James Alefantis lied to you. Why would they lie about a basement?
https://i.imgur.com/3Vsgpbz.jpg
Ben Swann did a 5 minute run down, which is the best introduction to the issue:
Here is the video:
https://gvid.tv/v/XzjlMh
Here is a screenshot of the opening:
https://i.imgur.com/U6oQa28.png
But notice he says, in regards to John Podesta's emails "none mention child sex trafficking".
There is literally a file called "Italy Child Sex." There is the hot tub email. Ben Swann does a pretty good job of balancing what he is and isn't allowed to say, but his summary leaves a lot to be desired.
https://i.imgur.com/o3Tyt1e.png
He does mention the "code words." "Cheese pizza" has been used as an alternative way of referring to "child porn" on the Internet, for years. 4chan even organically invented a way to deal with "cheese pizza" threads, by inserting pictures of spider man to fill the threads to limit.
"Dr. Pizza", a journalist with Ars Technica, staunchly denied Pizzagate was real, but was then caught as being a pedophile. Dojo Pizzeria was tied to an arrest. "The Pizza Connection Trial" involved using pizzerias for laundering money from drugs and human trafficking. There are plenty of red flags.
https://i.imgur.com/zBygdzo.png
Megyn Kelly did the most unjournalistic interview, possible, of James Alefantis in order to help cover up the crimes involved. She leaves out the blackmail case, Laura Silsby, the pedo musicians (Sex Stains, Majestic Ape), the satanic imagery on Alefantis' Instagram, the babies, drugs and money on Instagram, and on and on. Megyn Kelly is not just the dumbest reporter, there is, she is intentionally blind to the obvious.
https://i.imgur.com/IeLc8Rd.png
It is worth noting that Alefantis allowed a camera into the pizzeria to show a bullet hole in the computer, claiming that it went through the door first... but there is no bullet hole in the door.
https://i.imgur.com/orQNaSY.png
Megyn Kelly expresses horror, sympathy over Pizzagate in first interview with Comet Ping Pong owner
https://archive.ph/mC7q7
A fake media narrative was set up that discussing this topic was dangerous, when they staged a scene where son of an FBI agent "show up" Comet Ping Pong. A "False Flag" shooting.
https://i.imgur.com/7GN1Mzv.png
The lie was obvious. Why would a "P_G Researcher" shoot a computer that supposedly housed all the evidence?
https://i.imgur.com/qeX1oVG.jpg
Despite the suppression and spin of the story, it continued to gather steam on the Internet, resulting in entire communities being banned; tens of thousands of people blocked from viewing any content.
Before Reddit completely banned P_G subreddit, this was one of the last posts (which was deleted along with everything else.)
https://i.imgur.com/DKJkdQJ.png
Given all of the corruption and cover ups we know about, it is no surprise that P_G has been reduced to nothing more than a footnote in conspiracy forums. But, when there are new developments, thousands of people take notice, though they no longer discuss it, from fear of being banned.
The last corners of the Internet where people were allowed to discuss, were heavily shilled and monitored by SITE Intelligence Group (Mossad cut out that makes fake threat reports) and their allies, so that they could be labeled "extremists."
Even in those dark corners of the Internet, the issues were still being pushed and still causing some progress to be made; if nothing else, then they at least continued raising awareness.
https://i.imgur.com/sIjplTL.png
Project FLICKER
https://i.imgur.com/5LthZW1.png
Sodomy, bribery: The case against Terry Bean
https://archive.ph/n0UNJ
Ed Buck Sentenced to 30 Years in Federal Prison for Providing Methamphetamine to Two Victims Who Suffered Fatal Overdoses
https://archive.ph/70944
Adam Schiff and a Writer for "Lucifer"
https://i.imgur.com/oxPCj0Z.png
Adam Schiff. Ed Buck. Ted Lieu.
https://i.imgur.com/OXDXY9Q.png
P_G did not pop out of thin air. Not only was pizza already in wide use as a code word, John Podesta already had a reputation for being involved in blackmail rings.
https://i.imgur.com/s6P9uJF.png
Comet P1ng P0ng already had a reputation of documenting wild parties. Nevermind, whether or not, that could be Hillary and Huma on a ping pong table; why would there even be two women dressed to look like Hillary and Huma on a ping pong table? And why would that be recorded and then rebroadcast at Comet?
https://i.imgur.com/8FRaQAb.png
Notice the Pentagram on the Pizza, on the poster in the girl of the room who made the video of "Sex Stains" at Comet.
https://i.imgur.com/uEgcYJP.jpg
Here is her family. Draw whatever conclusions you like.
https://archive.ph/WA4lM
The research continued, but the astroturfing stuck to the same tired arguments that were now, officially, debunked.
https://i.imgur.com/pGuTcie.jpg
P_G drew so many people not because of a basement, or a specific allegation; people were drawn in because it pulled together so many issues under one umbrella, resulting in a series of cascading epiphanies that was neurologically rewarding researchers.
https://i.imgur.com/1NLY4de.png
It is now deleted, but my recollection of when P_G "broke" was on the now banned "The Donald" subreddit, when, along with the realization that John Podesta and James Alefantis were connected in a number of ways (David Brock even claimed they were dating in a video interview), the "FBIAnon" post about Hillary Clinton being involved in human trafficking, the connection with Marina Abramovic and "Spirit Cooking", and the "Edible Schoolyard"... the question emerged organically...
https://i.imgur.com/j1vhVmI.png
"Are these people joking about eating kids?"
https://i.imgur.com/udXqU5T.png
This is what the media and government was really trying to hide. Whether it was true or not, people asking the question is enough to destroy nearly every single career politician, CEO and news outlet that helped cover it up; as well it should.
https://i.imgur.com/BjVwBKr.png
All of the other corruption is bad enough, but these people are practically bragging about it on social media.
https://i.imgur.com/EXBPYZa.png
In The Secret Teachings of All Ages, we are introduced to a number of ancient rituals that date back prior to the written word. One of these rituals was to be buried alive. One might say a sensory deprivation tank is the modern version, but we keep seeing child sized coffins in the social media of this group of people.
https://i.imgur.com/xHh29a7.png
"Marina" was who Hillary Clinton was printing classified material for. Here is Marina Abramovic with John of God.
https://i.imgur.com/Q3L7A0r.png
Marina with boy.
https://i.imgur.com/7PFEISA.png
Marina with girl.
https://i.imgur.com/Mu0mhYr.png
People have every right to question what is going on with these images.
https://i.imgur.com/uzRNGCj.png
Note: Tamara Luzzatto is not actually their grandmother. But, she is in Sydney Blumenthal’s contacts, along with half of DC. The other half? Have her husband in their contact list.
https://i.imgur.com/HiVEmyI.png
Marina Abramovic, Marco Brambilla, Jeff Dupre
https://i.imgur.com/utVX6tg.png
Marina's "Art".
https://i.imgur.com/CqRsMDZ.png
More "Art".
https://i.imgur.com/EGq6cag.png
A cannibalism reference?
https://i.imgur.com/7tcDgUE.png
Marina and Rothschild.
https://i.imgur.com/jvZ7XTW.png
Marina and Dr. Oz?
https://i.imgur.com/aFM9ayl.png
Similar to the Finders ritual?
https://i.imgur.com/PpSmLBH.png
Many of the researchers on the Internet were correct and their research was borne out with the arrest of Epstein, Maxwell, Nygard, Brunel and others.
Bill Clinton denied, but he lied.
https://i.imgur.com/i2uInFa.jpg
Nobody was yet talking about Maxwell and Epstein stealing babies.
https://i.imgur.com/hJP7I5W.png
The Finders files were not yet public in October of 2016.
This story, though guessed at by P_G researchers, was also borne out.
Secret CIA Files Say Staffers Committed Sex Crimes Involving Children
https://archive.ph/L6C9F
CNN Producers were not yet arrested for trying to build their own sex slave networks.
https://archive.ph/3n11T
Another former CNN producer under investigation for child sex crimes
https://archive.ph/c13rY
Comey had not been exposed, yet, in October of 2016, of ordering a cover up of P_G. The IG report with emails from Comey's personal account had not been released, yet.
"A Serious Woman*
https://i.imgur.com/x9sj7cB.png
Coleman Notes:
https://i.imgur.com/KNwKJRT.png
The Anthony Weiner Laptop:
https://i.imgur.com/AyvYFUf.png
Brett Blomme, a juvenile court judge, had not yet been arrested, where he and his husband were sexually abusing their adopted children and uploading the recordings of it to Kik, gave out kids, using the legal system, to his pedo friends.
https://i.imgur.com/fzO0K70.png
Adam Schiff and Ed Buck are both into young black men.
https://i.imgur.com/oxPCj0Z.png Epstein Didn't Kill Himself. But, someone went to a lot of trouble making a fake video to try and convince us he did.
https://i.imgur.com/1aK08wN.png
All of the evidence disappeared.
https://i.imgur.com/b661F86.jpg
"Minimum Security" Maxwell's Customers Are Still Free.
https://i.imgur.com/NokPzFZ.png
A Mossad blackmail ring was, more or less, operating out in the open and anyone who complained about it was treated like they were crazy. This went on for decades, and, then, it turns out everyone who was complaining was, not only right, but that it was worse than anyone was willing to let on.
https://i.imgur.com/Fr11sR5.jpg
Former Israeli Intel Official Claims Jeffrey Epstein, Ghislaine Maxwell Worked for Israel
https://archive.ph/Sja88
Former Spy Details Israel’s Main Motive Behind Epstein’s Sexual Blackmail Operation
https://archive.ph/IeBgO
Epstein's blackmail ring was never the only game in town.
Jean-Luc Brunel: Epstein associate found dead in Paris prison cell
https://archive.ph/2R41A
Fashion Mogul Set to Face Sex-Trafficking Charges in U.S.
https://archive.ph/nMs3v
This all happened AFTER Reuters insisted that P_G was fake.
Even prior to October of 2016, there was already a great deal of public information that should have been very concerning. There was plenty of reason to have legitimate concerns about Comet P1ng P0ng when some weird information started to come out.
Before Comet P1ng P0ng made the spotlight, most people were not aware of information that was already available.
Jeffrey Epstein was accused of sex trafficking young girls on his mysterious private island. Over 40 years ago, a different millionaire escaped justice in a stunningly similar case.
https://archive.ph/8ivRh
Ghislaine Maxwell's father was an Israeli spy and she almost certainly inherited his blackmail operation. Robert Maxwell was also involved in text books for the US educational system.
*The “Anti-Extremism” Think Tank Started by Sons of Israeli Superspy Robert Maxwell *
https://archive.ph/lCvQ6
Mega Group, Maxwells and Mossad: The Spy Story at the Heart of the Jeffrey Epstein Scandal
https://archive.ph/A6dsG
Roy Cohn was another blackmail ring operator and mentor of Donald Trump.
https://i.imgur.com/Pnly1CT.png
The Hellfire Club
https://archive.ph/LrXni
When James Jameson Bought A Girl Just To Watch Her Be Eaten By Cannibals
https://archive.ph/3YT1d
You will be cooked into a kebap if you are too uppity about it and the police will do nothing.
https://i.imgur.com/X7kdBG4.png
Clinton's faith healer, Oprah's friend, John of God, with a baby farm and in jail for sexually abusing hundreds of women. The Chicago Ripper Crew. The Franklin Scandal. UN Child Sex Abuse. None of this stuff is new.
https://i.imgur.com/cvkO8Ix.jpg
DynCorp
https://i.imgur.com/cMndyxc.png
Bacha Bazi
https://i.imgur.com/gaNSXaH.png
Cover Ups.
https://i.imgur.com/a1fAvlo.png
More cover ups.
https://i.imgur.com/fSir93g.png
And more cover ups.
https://i.imgur.com/hlV5aAe.png
And more cover ups.
https://i.imgur.com/FyzLh0e.png
And more cover ups.
https://archive.ph/sAu38
How many pedophiles are the Clintons tied to? I've lost count.
https://i.imgur.com/dcXvCNm.jpg
James Alefantis and David Brock
https://i.imgur.com/sxTSS5p.png
Lawsuit of David Brock and James Alefantis
https://i.imgur.com/lHFkcNy.png
Media Matters for America
https://i.imgur.com/oxE9aPs.png
Exclusive Access to money laundering through art.
https://i.imgur.com/Gl1ds8y.png
Friends with Police
https://i.imgur.com/aYc1Xuq.png
Heather Podesta on the Board.
https://i.imgur.com/y01Onag.png
But P_G was more than just about research into what was going on politically, or into James Alefantis obvious satanic proclivities and his obvious attraction to children. What was revealed was a dark nexus of media, politics and these weirdo cultists.
There was a widespread epiphany of a great many people that this degeneracy was being intentionally pushed by people who were occultists and wanted everyone else wrapped up in their dark religion. And when we said, "No", they collectively lost their minds.
It should also being concerning that Kamala Harris was tied to Comet, as well, and, seemingly, a top choice for John Podesta to run for office. Considering her ties to fake police...
https://i.imgur.com/vgai2ns.png
In Your Own Homes It is becoming increasingly more difficult to resist these forces from coming into your own home; particularly if you have children.
The pedophiles reading to kids in drag is nothing new to anyone.
Drag Queen Story Hour
https://i.imgur.com/1vg4oCF.png
Alberto Garza
https://i.imgur.com/HjE2JQg.png
William Dees
https://i.imgur.com/7MPhRV0.png
Sasha Sota
https://i.imgur.com/VgQZW8n.png
The bottom line is that the media, the disgusting shills on the Internet, the FBI and many other groups are involved in covering up these crimes because their political agendas demand it.
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submitted by RedWhiteBluesGuitar to conspiracy [link] [comments]
P_G draws all the looneys out; the type of crazy person that will say anything to derail the conversation; the type of hand wringing that makes it obvious there is a cover up going on.
David Seaman has alerts set up so that he is ready to respond to any P_G post within moments, to insert disinformation about James Alefantis being a Rothschild and intentionally, always, forgetting the fact that "I've never had an affair before" is the end of an email thread that describes providing three young girls for entertainment.
The P_G terrifies shills and it terrifies elites such that they spent billions trying to bury the story and make it even seem dangerous to talk about. The over-the-top suppressive response was what drew a lot of people's attention.
On Reddit, you can see the censorship at work; the most reasonable answer, awarded "Reddit Gold" is deleted.
https://i.imgur.com/teOOQPI.png
rareddit allows one to see what Reddit has deleted. In this case, we see that Reuters set of a "strawman argument" about a basement, while ignoring the real focus; the convicted pedophiles; the satanic imagery; the corruption. Reuters is a corrupt mouthpiece of the elite.
https://i.imgur.com/HZ2S8lF.png
Reuters recycled an old trope from another child sex story in Britain, "There is no basement, so there is no child abuse." The problem is that Reuters and James Alefantis lied to you. Why would they lie about a basement?
https://i.imgur.com/3Vsgpbz.jpg
Ben Swann did a 5 minute run down, which is the best introduction to the issue:
Here is the video:
https://gvid.tv/v/XzjlMh
Here is a screenshot of the opening:
https://i.imgur.com/U6oQa28.png
But notice he says, in regards to John Podesta's emails "none mention child sex trafficking".
There is literally a file called "Italy Child Sex." There is the hot tub email. Ben Swann does a pretty good job of balancing what he is and isn't allowed to say, but his summary leaves a lot to be desired.
https://i.imgur.com/o3Tyt1e.png
He does mention the "code words." "Cheese pizza" has been used as an alternative way of referring to "child porn" on the Internet, for years. 4chan even organically invented a way to deal with "cheese pizza" threads, by inserting pictures of spider man to fill the threads to limit.
"Dr. Pizza", a journalist with Ars Technica, staunchly denied Pizzagate was real, but was then caught as being a pedophile. Dojo Pizzeria was tied to an arrest. "The Pizza Connection Trial" involved using pizzerias for laundering money from drugs and human trafficking. There are plenty of red flags.
https://i.imgur.com/zBygdzo.png
Megyn Kelly did the most unjournalistic interview, possible, of James Alefantis in order to help cover up the crimes involved. She leaves out the blackmail case, Laura Silsby, the pedo musicians (Sex Stains, Majestic Ape), the satanic imagery on Alefantis' Instagram, the babies, drugs and money on Instagram, and on and on. Megyn Kelly is not just the dumbest reporter, there is, she is intentionally blind to the obvious.
https://i.imgur.com/IeLc8Rd.png
It is worth noting that Alefantis allowed a camera into the pizzeria to show a bullet hole in the computer, claiming that it went through the door first... but there is no bullet hole in the door.
https://i.imgur.com/orQNaSY.png
Megyn Kelly expresses horror, sympathy over Pizzagate in first interview with Comet Ping Pong owner
https://archive.ph/mC7q7
A fake media narrative was set up that discussing this topic was dangerous, when they staged a scene where son of an FBI agent "show up" Comet Ping Pong. A "False Flag" shooting.
https://i.imgur.com/7GN1Mzv.png
The lie was obvious. Why would a "P_G Researcher" shoot a computer that supposedly housed all the evidence?
https://i.imgur.com/qeX1oVG.jpg
Despite the suppression and spin of the story, it continued to gather steam on the Internet, resulting in entire communities being banned; tens of thousands of people blocked from viewing any content.
Before Reddit completely banned P_G subreddit, this was one of the last posts (which was deleted along with everything else.)
https://i.imgur.com/DKJkdQJ.png
Given all of the corruption and cover ups we know about, it is no surprise that P_G has been reduced to nothing more than a footnote in conspiracy forums. But, when there are new developments, thousands of people take notice, though they no longer discuss it, from fear of being banned.
The last corners of the Internet where people were allowed to discuss, were heavily shilled and monitored by SITE Intelligence Group (Mossad cut out that makes fake threat reports) and their allies, so that they could be labeled "extremists."
Even in those dark corners of the Internet, the issues were still being pushed and still causing some progress to be made; if nothing else, then they at least continued raising awareness.
https://i.imgur.com/sIjplTL.png
Project FLICKER
https://i.imgur.com/5LthZW1.png
Sodomy, bribery: The case against Terry Bean
https://archive.ph/n0UNJ
Ed Buck Sentenced to 30 Years in Federal Prison for Providing Methamphetamine to Two Victims Who Suffered Fatal Overdoses
https://archive.ph/70944
Adam Schiff and a Writer for "Lucifer"
https://i.imgur.com/oxPCj0Z.png
Adam Schiff. Ed Buck. Ted Lieu.
https://i.imgur.com/OXDXY9Q.png
P_G did not pop out of thin air. Not only was pizza already in wide use as a code word, John Podesta already had a reputation for being involved in blackmail rings.
https://i.imgur.com/s6P9uJF.png
Comet P1ng P0ng already had a reputation of documenting wild parties. Nevermind, whether or not, that could be Hillary and Huma on a ping pong table; why would there even be two women dressed to look like Hillary and Huma on a ping pong table? And why would that be recorded and then rebroadcast at Comet?
https://i.imgur.com/8FRaQAb.png
Notice the Pentagram on the Pizza, on the poster in the girl of the room who made the video of "Sex Stains" at Comet.
https://i.imgur.com/uEgcYJP.jpg
Here is her family. Draw whatever conclusions you like.
https://archive.ph/WA4lM
The research continued, but the astroturfing stuck to the same tired arguments that were now, officially, debunked.
https://i.imgur.com/pGuTcie.jpg
P_G drew so many people not because of a basement, or a specific allegation; people were drawn in because it pulled together so many issues under one umbrella, resulting in a series of cascading epiphanies that was neurologically rewarding researchers.
https://i.imgur.com/1NLY4de.png
It is now deleted, but my recollection of when P_G "broke" was on the now banned "The Donald" subreddit, when, along with the realization that John Podesta and James Alefantis were connected in a number of ways (David Brock even claimed they were dating in a video interview), the "FBIAnon" post about Hillary Clinton being involved in human trafficking, the connection with Marina Abramovic and "Spirit Cooking", and the "Edible Schoolyard"... the question emerged organically...
https://i.imgur.com/j1vhVmI.png
"Are these people joking about eating kids?"
https://i.imgur.com/udXqU5T.png
This is what the media and government was really trying to hide. Whether it was true or not, people asking the question is enough to destroy nearly every single career politician, CEO and news outlet that helped cover it up; as well it should.
https://i.imgur.com/BjVwBKr.png
All of the other corruption is bad enough, but these people are practically bragging about it on social media.
https://i.imgur.com/EXBPYZa.png
In The Secret Teachings of All Ages, we are introduced to a number of ancient rituals that date back prior to the written word. One of these rituals was to be buried alive. One might say a sensory deprivation tank is the modern version, but we keep seeing child sized coffins in the social media of this group of people.
https://i.imgur.com/xHh29a7.png
"Marina" was who Hillary Clinton was printing classified material for. Here is Marina Abramovic with John of God.
https://i.imgur.com/Q3L7A0r.png
Marina with boy.
https://i.imgur.com/7PFEISA.png
Marina with girl.
https://i.imgur.com/Mu0mhYr.png
People have every right to question what is going on with these images.
https://i.imgur.com/uzRNGCj.png
Note: Tamara Luzzatto is not actually their grandmother. But, she is in Sydney Blumenthal’s contacts, along with half of DC. The other half? Have her husband in their contact list.
https://i.imgur.com/HiVEmyI.png
Marina Abramovic, Marco Brambilla, Jeff Dupre
https://i.imgur.com/utVX6tg.png
Marina's "Art".
https://i.imgur.com/CqRsMDZ.png
More "Art".
https://i.imgur.com/EGq6cag.png
A cannibalism reference?
https://i.imgur.com/7tcDgUE.png
Marina and Rothschild.
https://i.imgur.com/jvZ7XTW.png
Marina and Dr. Oz?
https://i.imgur.com/aFM9ayl.png
Similar to the Finders ritual?
https://i.imgur.com/PpSmLBH.png
Many of the researchers on the Internet were correct and their research was borne out with the arrest of Epstein, Maxwell, Nygard, Brunel and others.
Bill Clinton denied, but he lied.
https://i.imgur.com/i2uInFa.jpg
Nobody was yet talking about Maxwell and Epstein stealing babies.
https://i.imgur.com/hJP7I5W.png
The Finders files were not yet public in October of 2016.
This story, though guessed at by P_G researchers, was also borne out.
Secret CIA Files Say Staffers Committed Sex Crimes Involving Children
https://archive.ph/L6C9F
CNN Producers were not yet arrested for trying to build their own sex slave networks.
https://archive.ph/3n11T
Another former CNN producer under investigation for child sex crimes
https://archive.ph/c13rY
Comey had not been exposed, yet, in October of 2016, of ordering a cover up of P_G. The IG report with emails from Comey's personal account had not been released, yet.
"A Serious Woman*
https://i.imgur.com/x9sj7cB.png
Coleman Notes:
https://i.imgur.com/KNwKJRT.png
The Anthony Weiner Laptop:
https://i.imgur.com/AyvYFUf.png
Brett Blomme, a juvenile court judge, had not yet been arrested, where he and his husband were sexually abusing their adopted children and uploading the recordings of it to Kik, gave out kids, using the legal system, to his pedo friends.
https://i.imgur.com/fzO0K70.png
Adam Schiff and Ed Buck are both into young black men.
https://i.imgur.com/oxPCj0Z.png Epstein Didn't Kill Himself. But, someone went to a lot of trouble making a fake video to try and convince us he did.
https://i.imgur.com/1aK08wN.png
All of the evidence disappeared.
https://i.imgur.com/b661F86.jpg
"Minimum Security" Maxwell's Customers Are Still Free.
https://i.imgur.com/NokPzFZ.png
A Mossad blackmail ring was, more or less, operating out in the open and anyone who complained about it was treated like they were crazy. This went on for decades, and, then, it turns out everyone who was complaining was, not only right, but that it was worse than anyone was willing to let on.
https://i.imgur.com/Fr11sR5.jpg
Former Israeli Intel Official Claims Jeffrey Epstein, Ghislaine Maxwell Worked for Israel
https://archive.ph/Sja88
Former Spy Details Israel’s Main Motive Behind Epstein’s Sexual Blackmail Operation
https://archive.ph/IeBgO
Epstein's blackmail ring was never the only game in town.
Jean-Luc Brunel: Epstein associate found dead in Paris prison cell
https://archive.ph/2R41A
Fashion Mogul Set to Face Sex-Trafficking Charges in U.S.
https://archive.ph/nMs3v
This all happened AFTER Reuters insisted that P_G was fake.
Even prior to October of 2016, there was already a great deal of public information that should have been very concerning. There was plenty of reason to have legitimate concerns about Comet P1ng P0ng when some weird information started to come out.
Before Comet P1ng P0ng made the spotlight, most people were not aware of information that was already available.
Jeffrey Epstein was accused of sex trafficking young girls on his mysterious private island. Over 40 years ago, a different millionaire escaped justice in a stunningly similar case.
https://archive.ph/8ivRh
Ghislaine Maxwell's father was an Israeli spy and she almost certainly inherited his blackmail operation. Robert Maxwell was also involved in text books for the US educational system.
*The “Anti-Extremism” Think Tank Started by Sons of Israeli Superspy Robert Maxwell *
https://archive.ph/lCvQ6
Mega Group, Maxwells and Mossad: The Spy Story at the Heart of the Jeffrey Epstein Scandal
https://archive.ph/A6dsG
Roy Cohn was another blackmail ring operator and mentor of Donald Trump.
https://i.imgur.com/Pnly1CT.png
The Hellfire Club
https://archive.ph/LrXni
When James Jameson Bought A Girl Just To Watch Her Be Eaten By Cannibals
https://archive.ph/3YT1d
You will be cooked into a kebap if you are too uppity about it and the police will do nothing.
https://i.imgur.com/X7kdBG4.png
Clinton's faith healer, Oprah's friend, John of God, with a baby farm and in jail for sexually abusing hundreds of women. The Chicago Ripper Crew. The Franklin Scandal. UN Child Sex Abuse. None of this stuff is new.
https://i.imgur.com/cvkO8Ix.jpg
DynCorp
https://i.imgur.com/cMndyxc.png
Bacha Bazi
https://i.imgur.com/gaNSXaH.png
Cover Ups.
https://i.imgur.com/a1fAvlo.png
More cover ups.
https://i.imgur.com/fSir93g.png
And more cover ups.
https://i.imgur.com/hlV5aAe.png
And more cover ups.
https://i.imgur.com/FyzLh0e.png
And more cover ups.
https://archive.ph/sAu38
How many pedophiles are the Clintons tied to? I've lost count.
https://i.imgur.com/dcXvCNm.jpg
James Alefantis and David Brock
https://i.imgur.com/sxTSS5p.png
Lawsuit of David Brock and James Alefantis
https://i.imgur.com/lHFkcNy.png
Media Matters for America
https://i.imgur.com/oxE9aPs.png
Exclusive Access to money laundering through art.
https://i.imgur.com/Gl1ds8y.png
Friends with Police
https://i.imgur.com/aYc1Xuq.png
Heather Podesta on the Board.
https://i.imgur.com/y01Onag.png
But P_G was more than just about research into what was going on politically, or into James Alefantis obvious satanic proclivities and his obvious attraction to children. What was revealed was a dark nexus of media, politics and these weirdo cultists.
There was a widespread epiphany of a great many people that this degeneracy was being intentionally pushed by people who were occultists and wanted everyone else wrapped up in their dark religion. And when we said, "No", they collectively lost their minds.
It should also being concerning that Kamala Harris was tied to Comet, as well, and, seemingly, a top choice for John Podesta to run for office. Considering her ties to fake police...
https://i.imgur.com/vgai2ns.png
In Your Own Homes It is becoming increasingly more difficult to resist these forces from coming into your own home; particularly if you have children.
The pedophiles reading to kids in drag is nothing new to anyone.
Drag Queen Story Hour
https://i.imgur.com/1vg4oCF.png
Alberto Garza
https://i.imgur.com/HjE2JQg.png
William Dees
https://i.imgur.com/7MPhRV0.png
Sasha Sota
https://i.imgur.com/VgQZW8n.png
The bottom line is that the media, the disgusting shills on the Internet, the FBI and many other groups are involved in covering up these crimes because their political agendas demand it.
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2024.05.16 08:37 C0nd0rX Clips of wisdom
Previously posted in discord by multiple group members.
Still WIP
Last update 2024-05-31
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxO57q32WVDbSC43Zd8MlVgAbkqHxsQIXT Why clips are important?
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxb7zTcK3IseoDgOc2d6XlVjyrHkPOLsMd Reddit - Sleeping on a gold mine
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxNBHptGMdNl-eBsi5prqlhbMdN5EzyKsM Megaphone pattern
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxvfeZp4-W4dBsgl07Hhc4o3h9RE93u7v0 Focus
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZl8MctTB3beEa7pzjluNxQO3\_VBCNAal Ignorance breeds emotion
https://www.twitch.tv/winternomics/clip/FaintFrozenHorseradishCoolCat?filter=clips&range=all&sort=time The Central Banker's Bankers
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxnTV9Et5R3hk\_x\_yju-oRrCGCY5xCkZ0w Bullflags bottoms - dead bodes - told you so
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYJc\_JkjrimMdIonC3qtD3WYcNb2dIALq Consumer sentiment 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxEPyYOKTzOGPZZrJa\_2bHSBaOJYY2bOpo Consumer sentiment 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYXuccyb\_NeQMtgLCHFRjaFtZMCSkXdb3 Foresight minded
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxD-jrWFeozWA-gzozwYT8UKnBH7v7yx14 Thought preceeds action - graph is a behaviour
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxr-qbKm3Zfkp0cnQKUTKTBVOpj2SSWEoj losses are set and potential cost of doing business
https://www.twitch.tv/winternomics/clip/TsundereStrangeAubergineNerfRedBlaster?filter=clips&range=all&sort=time study the losses
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxtew1O645zcDrC5zGAJtVfOvY9zG9psiD overvalue - undervalue - value governed by law of substitution
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxOaUIid7SyFq6KIFlvnUzTFcWBTe2p-e3 learn to fish - learn to think for yourself and have conviction
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxz6Crr-rsUILhd5OIO1AwnYnrspAzOf81 Herd mentality 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxpFIaKerCkrqEeazuZ17UvmSlGY-7jsWh Herd mentality 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxG2yXkDU5qpwkuq9XsQnLkd7pvl7m7oO4 arbitrage of perception
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxJ0JR1KzYWV9ddeVbEzWhBW7zo8u1mdV7 Housing Price Mechanics - yield - prices
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx29-VDu1Ihxz5WgOuk54PefxUkCPSWMGf What causes SPY gaps
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxbICssst49iuTwHOC1KR5ZBjIeLUfoqPy disappering ppl from the eco
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxkVOaqsCHu5j8dPcBMbH9-TLLBfygLPWP Sector subdivision sympathy
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx12T4L9E1Skui5p70m\_rp\_YEzJylG9fsA Never bet against the trend if you found one
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx3r5WpgGUK5TMmhKn3oTL5ktEAARjHqyK Don't fomo - think and plan
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxY8vV5jmQM3kzmvJ\_L8mjik8RO1PyTIT5 Brics VS West 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxrCBo1Hi0Y2Xq4XelOvg7A-mjUb9vUQ24 Brics VS West 2
https://clips.twitch.tv/FantasticFunNightingaleM4xHeh Inflation - like water in the pool
https://clips.twitch.tv/DarkCrackyTermitePeteZaroll Fear is a mind killer
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxs51NcN8mahiWGxITSuGieipMQQ9mC2sy Psychology of trends and bullflag
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx3JUCvnfSEvKVqNCOD63SZfryoS7lYU83 Be proactive, be vigilent
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxdqZlIXfNBbRlKtxoT7Q8uvbF1AdfomGX Pusshing buttons -> take a breatherPusshing buttons -> take a breather
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzeW-NTXGpX-XSfSn78ucvnROvJeKMGXT Expected earnings surprise - perception arbitrage 1
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxx86A594tRWrbcGFCMhqWYBoPUMNYg1MC Expected earnings surprise - perception arbitrage 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxCwxB01EJPXSqbq-yIeMrgHeWduE\_y71- Being active is a habit most people don't have - most people are lazy
https://www.twitch.tv/winternomics/clip/EnjoyableTolerantFriesYee?filter=clips&range=all&sort=time Keep progressing, constantly become your better version
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8CcBVtVEt62uF-m1HcjEc\_JhksduoFwS Fractal analysis - add context and sentiments
https://clips.twitch.tv/AlertHelpfulTardigradePermaSmug Manage risk and increase capital systematically
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxs8\_E7qC6tk4ni\_nlNjyW71iJzEdl5W2e manage emotions - make plans - quantum paths
https://clips.twitch.tv/RichStrongBatteryPeteZaroll Be mechanical - have a business plan
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxPmYxjqI1gUHsRVgqFYs-BYTZth6vAuEB Price is people
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxVI3m4\_GUlgYElHIMuTVIOJIBy-AA4wgR attention span - Organisation is everything - consistency - life pattern
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxX76aXOjDlKdGu-SpHU0OtypgBo7HHkue Government spending is the driver of the economy
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxFZBeTIfKWGYNOkPwF0rvy9idF79JICyN Drift is Real - can happen to all of us
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx949hC7BQ40bYdtVMkekP2ih-ZeF30kQ4 Perspective matters - 2 sides of the cup
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxngVpphKOi\_hvcyf09g8LqNds4YMgAQrU Fed fighting inflation by preventing labour force from having pricing power over wages.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYdoI\_l7Q0JOrAp2d5fZsZJHXIn-zD70J no one is in - AAPL gets to ATH because no one is ever in it. #AppleEvents
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-AaE6dG173xUdBFE\_MLU2geWUPSZMRej The habits for career trading is not something that everyone has.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxPH2YtekA\_hkIVwHbVSPMh8fH5eqPcqkB when it seems too bullish pause and reflect on that
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZnlIU6yS9ACV0ehQJIbOuKrNGXfzoqDO world basket index
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxXxQQL8aiOlUqwMdY9zahI52idcWBlvSM if it's free, you are the product - People are the product in free to trade brokers
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxlDBkPy9nx5La4D6WAqgzWjTFwDmMKhwE Markets about a few making money -- value is about scarcity and utility -- universe hates socialist
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxpi1XcxdeqXBdVytLYUW5-GJGVzjGjpu3 Watch other sectors for catch up mode on SPY flag rotation
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx5f4tP4tKEEDskgMirStfIUgdZnAuRkEO Not trading is a trade
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxqNSmtWHN90fn3Vu-pw0ZjtSW8x9pppgN price has memory
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-06loG1pjfXeMSKNcoFLOJO2NjFsxcJb Sentiment damage at he bottom of the bull flag led to the arch.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxBd9GGCQ8tlxVgAMo5MPiF9aB0q1843e2 No one wants it till ATH. - major sentiment damage in the bottom
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx5ex9OC2B58MkYvMAZLFx\_rNoRSPdGN9x Duration of the bottom rotation mind fucks people
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxOqS34ojsxMG4Vya3gqzczieprntJiBEM Fed derisking market == sending people back to work
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxscWAVJw\_7Szlp98qZxsfJL\_SY1p2tdWt Fed derisking market == sending people back to work --2
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx120HZOMQN-TTZL7bcHB2HfOd5YMsQNHp Dxy index and what it is
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxQmdDSdNiMPBVNnpuH5xzsldF1E5Uw8bf inflation / deflation = water illustration
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxC6ZW23V9pZzZO1tctMH5zW3K3vL-wlML inflation / deflation = water illustration - 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxG5Oe1QlKN\_l1T-dCZqXM4q49-a1UvOuh inflation / deflation = water illustration - 3
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxTFxRy6t-ifxZ-mwaGgc3jGhlASaQm-\_w Long attention span important for planning on macro resolutions
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxlLskc-W9jpUusxqHvDweDHJoERNGv-uz synchronicity, Objective analysis - observing without judgement
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZ6rraHg\_Sg7Ae1K0o1TDPv3iUHwEkazP observe without judgement - twitter greatest sample of population
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx2Az-MMLUF8QVCA6Dbdmb6fRTgDUiuFEq FED is the Market memo - never bet against the fed
https://www.twitch.tv/winternomics/clip/NeighborlyFrailMallardCmonBruh Information bigotry - system to system
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8N26\_1JkraljnpETDlEt7UFJEAVBbr4a Cycles of the Presidency in US part #1
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxq0ZnFYocliIk5g2u\_UdUZRDwpxuc4FMh Debt base Economy explanation, government spending under Democrats
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxAk4Zm2lxbtvqEazMXu0FZ\_lwK0rdjs\_W Professional trader habits
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxn6kg1Pi-GVfXYxQ9gCSx36hDrcBfWaPI When you cant manage the data flow, you cant use it memo
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxDvijqhLZpj1PjHCMuB5lw06JVqqsPc1t Memo on good idea is seldom and value requires scarcity and utility
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxwg\_tahfMcO6\_nnCM2ZQAso\_3DIgVS5gV Sentiment on rotation to the top memo - nobody wants it
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZvuNUI5X3i0fOsntLwPU-fPQ-FfW6QBr Best of breed
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxAJLoZuWnTNDKc793xvBn\_Z01bUphdpuv What the crowd does
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxR8iZck8a6EkmHOcBcVROpAOjEEo\_QtGO Japan - The carry trade and why we watch the YEN
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxyvL3t1R3KbFCP5a-ROWrClRMkbkXE0fe Economists are clueless
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxsjVrJzJJ94eFpCc6V4299ZQww-stfOFP Tesla - Arc & Probably needs consolidation
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzVwbfPERuc1DEWSj0WZqnlEPVwwc0Lpm Unity - Been a Long Time
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxB8ON2jDIFAIA\_BADJC\_RJsho0yp-MGfo Rotation of sentiments of crowd and marketing phase
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxfO1TqBMKTO1ZbngTU5jdZwsu6\_5d1up6 smart money (e.g. goldman sachs in this clip) bullshitting the crowd
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxvw-yvYNdmPv9ekoM76iu8xJK7niQvdE7 TM_HMC_japan - don't sleep on Japan
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxMtNza7rjujyNMXZNvbDXPc9J2FpvHdq5 Bias & People deleting information
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8YrM1Ps-AxSoUe1jtEuPO-vx-BbE1MpB Bias & People deleting information - emotion and ego
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxcDBNVvhDWXip8x2N4xV\_55PL1hkBimSP Detecting Emotions within self is a skill to develop and how we correlate like a school of Fish.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxLyW76I4Ykt6LZth9vVIeqBvbGvydhLd- SPY Emotional Levels - box ranges
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxXjaWFHn57-ME-auOaeKBMFo-0MJCK5mt 1/atometh memo - defi
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxdgPMMTveupZa-Jdr8dvME\_lLFJuA5GaH 1/atometh memo second part
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxI3NOZJsydIBPZy3xQ2c8loPuRfGkCLeF Where bad ideas come from... memo on behavior! - dunning kruger effect, empty bell makes the most noise
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzaMRBzYUZo2UsaEGKVKR00N8g4voM5ji BTC & ETH not targeted by SEC
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxbkRh5G6F1nXCvejweGcGCx99I7mXFusn memo on planing for breakout, localised monopoly free and clear.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxQeY\_6i6FEjKsC4wRBaKwCz2E70CCoIpc Price is people 💀 - mass shootings
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxNWKCsJnUp8goTdqjlBbjcAc45SUbCjJM Sympathy plays 🔮
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx2DDHPjBEXRI3rNAiOzQgS1pzOpTgqt2j darth maul move after fed announcement
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxT8XNCfA7ydDtd\_78xA\_2WPVyMzEm1vzs How misinformation spreads among people
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxr5HkBp1sYdYYFdLlxA0Z4fUWAeH8kEJ\_ Media writers are the point of value in the sea of shit and are clueless about the market
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx6WM9HxmMnKziP-yn6GBshuDIz7HiljBv Dow/Gold ratio -- using the ratio to track how Bob Pisani misleads the crowd
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxKU3SBRgBj3TAcz5HZ0jAP47CRCBJF7b2 quad witching day is noisy - caution
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxD554zo5j9erz9d3sUnCneun0yIZpOmFx Close Emotional Extremes and Interaction
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxbBOuFMfAzAaVou3l7z23HF7hcucrum0D backwadation explained
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzagKnzgubOy-CSIYxiViUSZPZidGv\_Cw How bias works - deletion of information
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxL3WOIg4OolydVOrImzbiUI17LGJ9ULhi Darth Maul rule explanation
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxrI1H1P\_ihnIWxktFZRRbCCOF8tK2dzir managing information - focus, plans for years
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxHQBT\_OBCL1ET\_UKZh2DPbjJs5pFWtP5E All you need is in the price, footprint in Price, Good TA will put you in the same place as FA - smartest guy leaves a footprint in price
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxR2JI\_oXt2IB7zW04i0FcN6uYP1aCWP8j Volatility Dynamics
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxgMVblWcEWsNyLJjlgp3qxDkFyl1tOLIL Heart of darkness - self sentiment read
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzFkaRP32zHiZHN2m15XOx8pND-YmBFrA Fomo
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxBaaN3PoWpLxjzVUf2zaLS0cLKPGuEO-2 Lack of confidence - you are a superstar in your own world
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxTuRjBYJ2-L4WKrtKmBkkBbVWYU46z3kM gratitude and mental state to see abundance - foreseight, perspective
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxxk9EBs4Jh69lTqpflo5mcQSQZRSZixUC Crypto: Solution Looking for a Problem. Part 1
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxsc0gfW\_g81M6bOmOLBPTTsRqkRTzz-fQ Crypto: Solution Looking for a Problem. Part 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxjaceJtljrT\_IjaZsup52FgaCRZvIwOyT In markets, Trigger Fundamentally, Enter Technically - trading perceptions
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx94LfDLpVXXXEn3oyufhoU8WtuDzBgwYJ Installed Optimism, Why only Long ? Part 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxkCha7prvR9KwuqWY-r6V29iXHhOBgl18 Installed Optimism, Why only Long ? Part 2 - information tilt
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxqvZx-\_YfMKaRtihNPM53S4q31MayRIZm The Market Cycle, The Arbitrage of Perception Part 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxW25dUaUvXgq0SNskXO9lXl49nKaw33BZ The Market Cycle, The Arbitrage of Perception Part 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxI5s0zaQDk1BxX4N6B5Da2opxYJDJqaLq x / y Tingz: Outcompete yourself !
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxqlu2h0tbV0izUF8ONr6ciM2msRVYqj9G Controlling emotions and being consistent - move like a boss
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxK-ELg74I0CvOuInzOkxVq9wCoV8PvL27 Consistency - rare habit
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxD1-BBwOQnvwyvXVXbL4xkT0raXNgXZQE concentrate mental horsepower on a few things - can't trade every single asset -> king of none
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8aKBYbZJHzszBtR3f3IWaprjK2Tnob8I How to hedge clones ? - protect NFT asset base
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxEf3t2v1InBzPaZcQQa8nx4itBm\_s-qiA Sentiment Damage
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxUtaedFVe2EKJwOfEXj0YbSBMx1Exx0pr It doesnt matter what might happen, it just matters what really is
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxwuv\_Zw8jwKcVjYFeiXdJNsYx\_WasBof\_ Proper Position-sizing
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxvlXQA97BgBb\_NvDFcJbXhyyEjgNR2gyU Only have a small watch list to increase hit rate and focus
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx2ckQF9lx2QzjYDbGdHRvobcXg8wjpQlR Manifest your own reality by being the biggest fan of your own capacities - get negative self talk out
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxJoUdnTzhGA30a0xYVjW-1vdVmLKp92K1 Importance of having goals to understand what to work on - what is the ultimate plan
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxaUKgCBwPxEJOeYY7IWT4CWqde5XwHNY7 Don’t measure yourself against others as it isn’t a apples to apples comparison - energy flows where attention goes
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxV3fBFjBjbRnRop6LTvEgJuXKpvm5\_Mfn You are the worst enemy - introspection is key to fight that enemy
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxM\_sHyTwlpFe-3IR55\_s9wI\_Lg7M5z2K9 Apple Moves counter to Other Names
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxSQ5lE\_Q\_AOS7Q0sCXZKDB\_3YFJowGicR Market is always speaking - listen to Market's Message, not only price structure
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxQ0HCJUGxBdlo-XQ5mXOiNvyM1P1SOWR1 No one is really looking to be outclassed by anybody - happy family of equally stupid
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxMgr6JCKjDJ0-VFkAYbWvASMtKcvgZJFV dow (risk on) vs gold (risk off)
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxhjtkZZyUqN9BCQ1z4Cr2svTF4QdUp1LY Maximum leverage of risk assets vs risk off assets
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-wwOneDG0wraTFexKghAx0ATPFa-3SMk Similar sentiments to Dow/Gld ratio pump
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxX6Jg41TzsyQTvDFTvafKuaCKd9R7lmIf People sleeping on 100% btc pump
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxDkuAHEHjQp52kU\_hqGZogWPkUJv2bgPL Japan's macro overview
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYJDI5fFOp9RBcIaa1p2IVmiHRK586qPo Be patient, plan around the indexes and macro.
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx92h6oTCBldtDsYSS0Ihc7\_LRrDQlH9f7 dont go digging in the dumpster, just be in the asset that gives you the move
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx6uH3yJfjN1W1sYKmMxQjMfeDrLXgSRDX Play best of breed, can make a career trading few things
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8Wy8p1KpZdVMv-imP0YWzAVqQfO2PpnF Looking what the world is doing.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxUQG0c\_08xQPypJ8uai0uRhoeFlNt5QSC Looking what the world is doing. Part 2 - nowbody knows it's a bull market when it begins
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx95jhdl\_ve4g127woGdUpJRuRBXh0cKyT Valuable information is always around us and need to pay attention
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxgzE8\_Fb5a6chXFrKbanZtzI0pQys9Qu3 Bruce lee philosophies - reason to participate
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx7IqI6LQhw1o4J225pEgWd7jg2d1MH6tK Bruce lee philosophies -- 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxLbemQ3rpyzIpCWw23sFIKqXrONpXNKDc Market mood with Low Viewer Count
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxKVL0x-8xtWdj3RCPrdsvMdLSI33kiXX0 Sympathy plays definition
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxcTr258613Hd5aOFbh\_3gOPTx7\_h792oO Murder cluster analysis
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxEtnWDPQmvLt0BT69ce1nTIXQ3fOrLzJT Macro shooting cluster analysis
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzN\_avmlzsc0y\_k\_Qu8Yb0yWnYYQHwHa6 Kaz's calls
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxlELMS6OE39MG16b75snUUyYetRJiZFMA Charting murder clusters
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxR5Kh3nZv7PG6iQEMHDgePNffMD-3OleQ Charting murder clusters 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxIBoBWWBtyCx-eCRY5vr5wAeg8SAEgYr\_ Charting clusters 3 - data is data
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxcLAn9z15OxG5Si\_higErvlzf9TCEiYkj Engage in conversation to keep up with mental dexterity - different habit
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxHSBUOy5-m6tYHiIm40b2hVVmuCQIumM- Time value of conversation, short attention span, short emotional depth
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxOeapa9eBM7YliijXRokDoKgjodI8O52G LTC Bear flag correlating to SPY bottom
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxyO0ksJ-dyxT2EryJVrglPlyRpUi-WOWn murder clusters - It's Just Data; handle information in any system - speak words on data
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx08KFt6DbbL6AvQ0XUmEjWg2agRxEppsO Murder Cluster Indexes Update
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxGO-vCMqp0lVRrfBim\_K6t\_RTEcqYjpj\_ Murder cluster chart - One for the Record Books
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZMNglJeotQ5twEW4Lg2zbACOqHq7KX-m Dead Bodies and LTC as Risk Seeking Behaviour
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxxTzMLSAh-qC6qfZhFbFTz7SFwHgjI-Fv Mass Shooting Cluster Correlation Explanation
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYIUU00npyP30Nigea3zIq3koo1F5M5tA Bear markets don't end in a single bounce they end with mass graves - how synced up all the population really is
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx7XFuMnm1d79Pp5gm4u0VEjK8gsm5w4O8 having empathy&arbitrage of perception&using the intel - value when few ppl know it
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxppkwJ\_SRZaeBUj7NiWRk0FjZ3g0ufp6- Experience based goals, quality of goals
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxPIgXbH52TDxGy9NkdlU3gllvGDAm4LdZ Don't plan your goals with exact dollar amount
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxB4-fo6-B8NIpuNVFk7Yf\_e2JBNbJ95Vn Bull markets are build on dead bodies of those too ignorant to get out of the way of their own biases
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxqXHfhy4pCphgFpiUfDFo-KpQO235B7O1 Compete against yourself rather than others
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxT-mZGH25SIhbVEKQqTb7uUalVHv2LRrI Focus on you and your own work not others. Be patient, be a hunter - if everybody else is missing, opportunity is always knocking
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxnGBF4bTKqVkMUWQ0pTil7UqUveHXPd8V By the time crowd is celebrating its about to over. crowd is exit liquidity - party over there. retail is the exit
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxco29bg76fZa68v3Ad9SbwbLOSf2RrTG- Inceptions - Most people aren't at the party. most ppl lose
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8p\_0e1vtaBxLu\_gUYs5H3ST3p5ARKNMy Pay attention to the empty space around you. It's the few that make money
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxE4PzX5bZfoczZUCZEANWaRFlBEP5-A4Y You can't affect what's past no matter how hard you think about it; all you have it what's next. there's a bunch lot more opportunities
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxhgSYvH7HXuzu3s11JgECcvJTmOQJyJP3 Be a Lion - Don't be food.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxHYk6Up3nenzHrDhWcFtf6b0qLRQItPWX When in doubt, zoom out to see the macro (theme art explanation) - what you missed doesn't mean nothing now. today is today
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxNRRHetbCfLuumJt\_zwHmuT8lBST6UP81 CPI numbers and what they mean
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxFdg78eDVCqMVhfiaXOv6sLJeMyfHPDyS Entangled emotions at the bottom of full flags - psychology is to look away - use mechanics. a read in you is either anomalous read or a tell in everybody else
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxQkm61n9\_uV-b5S5GM5k\_SWxd4-UJ6o0Q Warp speed macro... What if? in midpoint
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxf\_HtCJYV-x0Ar0PnTfC\_ECYb1H4rvqjN be precise about your geometry
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxSZG82cE7npImvdZAaPxzYqE9tOcj\_CFk I'm just a straight shooting motherf*cker. it's worth to hear something direct
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxX-jHh8dp\_hDnr-a0p6BZ7zdeicjG7uhV All you do is draw bull flags - that's all what it is
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxCg\_NVAJZm9ji1EpP\_70pcMVPayjiaNa7 Value is governed by the law of substitution
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxUP9ySuBYVzMywt2PPSW1tkkTMHX8d7P1 Dangerous to trade in super low resolutions for 24/7 market.
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxz9\_CCAuddiwz5nC2Hh0s0YTtW\_56t\_H1 Trading in really low resolutions in 24/7 market = trading against the market makers
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxdJ4DdVyzNOnEr5hVWARLPD8x4QIjylZa Trade currencies at the time where it is most liquid. you can't trade all the time, you'll get killed
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx5KuX5fa-sBo766u5ofptfExZc\_EuhZmM Nato run out of bullets - chess move
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxXZC9MjaJcpOqkzCzP-laQP4tj0IuNRxI Technicals are avout human behavior analysis. taught preceeds action
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxaPiB-f3SKQwp7wRoqoO\_8CQRNEAXMX2Z to buy into trends memo - relative low vs future high
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx\_tis1pH381iUVCy0pduPDyu5RvdYOp4s it's not as hard if you show for make money with it - don't flake out
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxUUmXHC2KoxyQINVTX64V2T3S4xeNyfs6 Less is always more - you don't need to hit it all - pick one target and focus on that one gazelle
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxY4FEV9tvkpsc\_yEzGsRsq9YHeSvpmtg7 What is TA really? - people make a mark on the chart
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxLIj9ogoHvxbmZ8dDY-ItkUCQccSpWVgp Hindsight Mindset Will F*** U Up!....Todays High Can 🐝 Tomorrows Low 📈
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx0XD\_CQ8BUA9wsFDPr6mdSo2\_iGaK2luf What happens when you don't play best of breed
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxp9IWD90iJ0KurpklHNbZVBCt3Smu32Vx Why do we get a hard arc (gas move) ? - gotta have a piece of this
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxVex\_Hrs6lf\_VRVfQoLo\_oLRw7PJJew7R marketing phase -- new dumb money makes old dumb money look relatively smarter
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxtVSJQ33N14hk4mG03hbUtsL4XQ695GCR When waiting for the pullback becomes a crowded trade
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxuAmbswZVobSkxj1wwKmcwRfqnDDMRlt9 Buy high sell higher mind state in extended wave
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx2JdNqGwk22\_rxthuWn19OcMKcxHrW-6b opportunity somewhere when everyone crowds one side of the equation - rotations
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxLIRGj177n0WGwVV-GscNwrTMiziCKbB\_ If everyone is around there is no best month for you to have - opportunity is looking as a ghost town
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-OG2b-kGbZBCY6we01oXEgJFpS8I5tGp Little Blip on the radar
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxT9cuNp8ZvA53ZkWjpdNE6Jboa5-R6A8w Possible energy demand reduction & acces humans by AI
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxyQerDa65wneRZTXwraX99-EMZ8peUzPb Trading during earning season depends on your resolution
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxijl9Q8n-3mAPP89RRKn1XNI-jC1MDeSt Relationship between oil & VIX
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxoOjYVas2q7Wi2aEkU0LEaFkjNr2gqR-T rising rates
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxRn-6hksKHCbaGC-rZADgRuEyEviZ\_k4\_ What’s the next thing + time corrections
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxVNJD\_iXcne5XWPLB5FmZLwQjRx1IqUzs You can turn it around at any given moment. it's a mindset thing
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-RD79gPLqmYPwxuKII78stD9yRQYrgoH Crash cycle in every systems
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxTBg6rrIEPaxLNVq7EFA7Q\_9TMzXH-HR9 tip of the spear = liquidation territory
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8ALy3I1BGaG50MlIJEyVrgSjyRDsVWIZ Risk assets / Risk off assets ratio analysis
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxaj1a7ycaaJ2vj3Mp8WaD\_c03dmuUcoTJ Emotions are hell of a drug. Consistency is what wins the game
submitted by C0nd0rX to WinternomicsTV [link] [comments]
Still WIP
Last update 2024-05-31
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxO57q32WVDbSC43Zd8MlVgAbkqHxsQIXT Why clips are important?
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxb7zTcK3IseoDgOc2d6XlVjyrHkPOLsMd Reddit - Sleeping on a gold mine
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxNBHptGMdNl-eBsi5prqlhbMdN5EzyKsM Megaphone pattern
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxvfeZp4-W4dBsgl07Hhc4o3h9RE93u7v0 Focus
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZl8MctTB3beEa7pzjluNxQO3\_VBCNAal Ignorance breeds emotion
https://www.twitch.tv/winternomics/clip/FaintFrozenHorseradishCoolCat?filter=clips&range=all&sort=time The Central Banker's Bankers
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxnTV9Et5R3hk\_x\_yju-oRrCGCY5xCkZ0w Bullflags bottoms - dead bodes - told you so
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYJc\_JkjrimMdIonC3qtD3WYcNb2dIALq Consumer sentiment 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxEPyYOKTzOGPZZrJa\_2bHSBaOJYY2bOpo Consumer sentiment 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYXuccyb\_NeQMtgLCHFRjaFtZMCSkXdb3 Foresight minded
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxD-jrWFeozWA-gzozwYT8UKnBH7v7yx14 Thought preceeds action - graph is a behaviour
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxr-qbKm3Zfkp0cnQKUTKTBVOpj2SSWEoj losses are set and potential cost of doing business
https://www.twitch.tv/winternomics/clip/TsundereStrangeAubergineNerfRedBlaster?filter=clips&range=all&sort=time study the losses
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxtew1O645zcDrC5zGAJtVfOvY9zG9psiD overvalue - undervalue - value governed by law of substitution
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxOaUIid7SyFq6KIFlvnUzTFcWBTe2p-e3 learn to fish - learn to think for yourself and have conviction
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxz6Crr-rsUILhd5OIO1AwnYnrspAzOf81 Herd mentality 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxpFIaKerCkrqEeazuZ17UvmSlGY-7jsWh Herd mentality 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxG2yXkDU5qpwkuq9XsQnLkd7pvl7m7oO4 arbitrage of perception
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxJ0JR1KzYWV9ddeVbEzWhBW7zo8u1mdV7 Housing Price Mechanics - yield - prices
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx29-VDu1Ihxz5WgOuk54PefxUkCPSWMGf What causes SPY gaps
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxbICssst49iuTwHOC1KR5ZBjIeLUfoqPy disappering ppl from the eco
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxkVOaqsCHu5j8dPcBMbH9-TLLBfygLPWP Sector subdivision sympathy
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx12T4L9E1Skui5p70m\_rp\_YEzJylG9fsA Never bet against the trend if you found one
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx3r5WpgGUK5TMmhKn3oTL5ktEAARjHqyK Don't fomo - think and plan
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxY8vV5jmQM3kzmvJ\_L8mjik8RO1PyTIT5 Brics VS West 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxrCBo1Hi0Y2Xq4XelOvg7A-mjUb9vUQ24 Brics VS West 2
https://clips.twitch.tv/FantasticFunNightingaleM4xHeh Inflation - like water in the pool
https://clips.twitch.tv/DarkCrackyTermitePeteZaroll Fear is a mind killer
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxs51NcN8mahiWGxITSuGieipMQQ9mC2sy Psychology of trends and bullflag
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx3JUCvnfSEvKVqNCOD63SZfryoS7lYU83 Be proactive, be vigilent
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxdqZlIXfNBbRlKtxoT7Q8uvbF1AdfomGX Pusshing buttons -> take a breatherPusshing buttons -> take a breather
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzeW-NTXGpX-XSfSn78ucvnROvJeKMGXT Expected earnings surprise - perception arbitrage 1
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxx86A594tRWrbcGFCMhqWYBoPUMNYg1MC Expected earnings surprise - perception arbitrage 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxCwxB01EJPXSqbq-yIeMrgHeWduE\_y71- Being active is a habit most people don't have - most people are lazy
https://www.twitch.tv/winternomics/clip/EnjoyableTolerantFriesYee?filter=clips&range=all&sort=time Keep progressing, constantly become your better version
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8CcBVtVEt62uF-m1HcjEc\_JhksduoFwS Fractal analysis - add context and sentiments
https://clips.twitch.tv/AlertHelpfulTardigradePermaSmug Manage risk and increase capital systematically
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxs8\_E7qC6tk4ni\_nlNjyW71iJzEdl5W2e manage emotions - make plans - quantum paths
https://clips.twitch.tv/RichStrongBatteryPeteZaroll Be mechanical - have a business plan
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxPmYxjqI1gUHsRVgqFYs-BYTZth6vAuEB Price is people
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxVI3m4\_GUlgYElHIMuTVIOJIBy-AA4wgR attention span - Organisation is everything - consistency - life pattern
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxX76aXOjDlKdGu-SpHU0OtypgBo7HHkue Government spending is the driver of the economy
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxFZBeTIfKWGYNOkPwF0rvy9idF79JICyN Drift is Real - can happen to all of us
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx949hC7BQ40bYdtVMkekP2ih-ZeF30kQ4 Perspective matters - 2 sides of the cup
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxngVpphKOi\_hvcyf09g8LqNds4YMgAQrU Fed fighting inflation by preventing labour force from having pricing power over wages.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYdoI\_l7Q0JOrAp2d5fZsZJHXIn-zD70J no one is in - AAPL gets to ATH because no one is ever in it. #AppleEvents
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-AaE6dG173xUdBFE\_MLU2geWUPSZMRej The habits for career trading is not something that everyone has.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxPH2YtekA\_hkIVwHbVSPMh8fH5eqPcqkB when it seems too bullish pause and reflect on that
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZnlIU6yS9ACV0ehQJIbOuKrNGXfzoqDO world basket index
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxXxQQL8aiOlUqwMdY9zahI52idcWBlvSM if it's free, you are the product - People are the product in free to trade brokers
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxlDBkPy9nx5La4D6WAqgzWjTFwDmMKhwE Markets about a few making money -- value is about scarcity and utility -- universe hates socialist
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxpi1XcxdeqXBdVytLYUW5-GJGVzjGjpu3 Watch other sectors for catch up mode on SPY flag rotation
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx5f4tP4tKEEDskgMirStfIUgdZnAuRkEO Not trading is a trade
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxqNSmtWHN90fn3Vu-pw0ZjtSW8x9pppgN price has memory
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-06loG1pjfXeMSKNcoFLOJO2NjFsxcJb Sentiment damage at he bottom of the bull flag led to the arch.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxBd9GGCQ8tlxVgAMo5MPiF9aB0q1843e2 No one wants it till ATH. - major sentiment damage in the bottom
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx5ex9OC2B58MkYvMAZLFx\_rNoRSPdGN9x Duration of the bottom rotation mind fucks people
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxOqS34ojsxMG4Vya3gqzczieprntJiBEM Fed derisking market == sending people back to work
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxscWAVJw\_7Szlp98qZxsfJL\_SY1p2tdWt Fed derisking market == sending people back to work --2
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx120HZOMQN-TTZL7bcHB2HfOd5YMsQNHp Dxy index and what it is
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxQmdDSdNiMPBVNnpuH5xzsldF1E5Uw8bf inflation / deflation = water illustration
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxC6ZW23V9pZzZO1tctMH5zW3K3vL-wlML inflation / deflation = water illustration - 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxG5Oe1QlKN\_l1T-dCZqXM4q49-a1UvOuh inflation / deflation = water illustration - 3
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxTFxRy6t-ifxZ-mwaGgc3jGhlASaQm-\_w Long attention span important for planning on macro resolutions
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxlLskc-W9jpUusxqHvDweDHJoERNGv-uz synchronicity, Objective analysis - observing without judgement
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZ6rraHg\_Sg7Ae1K0o1TDPv3iUHwEkazP observe without judgement - twitter greatest sample of population
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx2Az-MMLUF8QVCA6Dbdmb6fRTgDUiuFEq FED is the Market memo - never bet against the fed
https://www.twitch.tv/winternomics/clip/NeighborlyFrailMallardCmonBruh Information bigotry - system to system
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8N26\_1JkraljnpETDlEt7UFJEAVBbr4a Cycles of the Presidency in US part #1
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxq0ZnFYocliIk5g2u\_UdUZRDwpxuc4FMh Debt base Economy explanation, government spending under Democrats
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxAk4Zm2lxbtvqEazMXu0FZ\_lwK0rdjs\_W Professional trader habits
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxn6kg1Pi-GVfXYxQ9gCSx36hDrcBfWaPI When you cant manage the data flow, you cant use it memo
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxDvijqhLZpj1PjHCMuB5lw06JVqqsPc1t Memo on good idea is seldom and value requires scarcity and utility
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxwg\_tahfMcO6\_nnCM2ZQAso\_3DIgVS5gV Sentiment on rotation to the top memo - nobody wants it
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZvuNUI5X3i0fOsntLwPU-fPQ-FfW6QBr Best of breed
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxAJLoZuWnTNDKc793xvBn\_Z01bUphdpuv What the crowd does
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxR8iZck8a6EkmHOcBcVROpAOjEEo\_QtGO Japan - The carry trade and why we watch the YEN
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxyvL3t1R3KbFCP5a-ROWrClRMkbkXE0fe Economists are clueless
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxsjVrJzJJ94eFpCc6V4299ZQww-stfOFP Tesla - Arc & Probably needs consolidation
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzVwbfPERuc1DEWSj0WZqnlEPVwwc0Lpm Unity - Been a Long Time
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxB8ON2jDIFAIA\_BADJC\_RJsho0yp-MGfo Rotation of sentiments of crowd and marketing phase
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxfO1TqBMKTO1ZbngTU5jdZwsu6\_5d1up6 smart money (e.g. goldman sachs in this clip) bullshitting the crowd
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxvw-yvYNdmPv9ekoM76iu8xJK7niQvdE7 TM_HMC_japan - don't sleep on Japan
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxMtNza7rjujyNMXZNvbDXPc9J2FpvHdq5 Bias & People deleting information
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8YrM1Ps-AxSoUe1jtEuPO-vx-BbE1MpB Bias & People deleting information - emotion and ego
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxcDBNVvhDWXip8x2N4xV\_55PL1hkBimSP Detecting Emotions within self is a skill to develop and how we correlate like a school of Fish.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxLyW76I4Ykt6LZth9vVIeqBvbGvydhLd- SPY Emotional Levels - box ranges
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxXjaWFHn57-ME-auOaeKBMFo-0MJCK5mt 1/atometh memo - defi
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxdgPMMTveupZa-Jdr8dvME\_lLFJuA5GaH 1/atometh memo second part
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxI3NOZJsydIBPZy3xQ2c8loPuRfGkCLeF Where bad ideas come from... memo on behavior! - dunning kruger effect, empty bell makes the most noise
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzaMRBzYUZo2UsaEGKVKR00N8g4voM5ji BTC & ETH not targeted by SEC
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxbkRh5G6F1nXCvejweGcGCx99I7mXFusn memo on planing for breakout, localised monopoly free and clear.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxQeY\_6i6FEjKsC4wRBaKwCz2E70CCoIpc Price is people 💀 - mass shootings
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxNWKCsJnUp8goTdqjlBbjcAc45SUbCjJM Sympathy plays 🔮
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx2DDHPjBEXRI3rNAiOzQgS1pzOpTgqt2j darth maul move after fed announcement
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxT8XNCfA7ydDtd\_78xA\_2WPVyMzEm1vzs How misinformation spreads among people
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxr5HkBp1sYdYYFdLlxA0Z4fUWAeH8kEJ\_ Media writers are the point of value in the sea of shit and are clueless about the market
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx6WM9HxmMnKziP-yn6GBshuDIz7HiljBv Dow/Gold ratio -- using the ratio to track how Bob Pisani misleads the crowd
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxKU3SBRgBj3TAcz5HZ0jAP47CRCBJF7b2 quad witching day is noisy - caution
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxD554zo5j9erz9d3sUnCneun0yIZpOmFx Close Emotional Extremes and Interaction
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxbBOuFMfAzAaVou3l7z23HF7hcucrum0D backwadation explained
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzagKnzgubOy-CSIYxiViUSZPZidGv\_Cw How bias works - deletion of information
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxL3WOIg4OolydVOrImzbiUI17LGJ9ULhi Darth Maul rule explanation
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxrI1H1P\_ihnIWxktFZRRbCCOF8tK2dzir managing information - focus, plans for years
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxHQBT\_OBCL1ET\_UKZh2DPbjJs5pFWtP5E All you need is in the price, footprint in Price, Good TA will put you in the same place as FA - smartest guy leaves a footprint in price
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxR2JI\_oXt2IB7zW04i0FcN6uYP1aCWP8j Volatility Dynamics
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxgMVblWcEWsNyLJjlgp3qxDkFyl1tOLIL Heart of darkness - self sentiment read
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzFkaRP32zHiZHN2m15XOx8pND-YmBFrA Fomo
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxBaaN3PoWpLxjzVUf2zaLS0cLKPGuEO-2 Lack of confidence - you are a superstar in your own world
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxTuRjBYJ2-L4WKrtKmBkkBbVWYU46z3kM gratitude and mental state to see abundance - foreseight, perspective
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxxk9EBs4Jh69lTqpflo5mcQSQZRSZixUC Crypto: Solution Looking for a Problem. Part 1
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxsc0gfW\_g81M6bOmOLBPTTsRqkRTzz-fQ Crypto: Solution Looking for a Problem. Part 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxjaceJtljrT\_IjaZsup52FgaCRZvIwOyT In markets, Trigger Fundamentally, Enter Technically - trading perceptions
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx94LfDLpVXXXEn3oyufhoU8WtuDzBgwYJ Installed Optimism, Why only Long ? Part 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxkCha7prvR9KwuqWY-r6V29iXHhOBgl18 Installed Optimism, Why only Long ? Part 2 - information tilt
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxqvZx-\_YfMKaRtihNPM53S4q31MayRIZm The Market Cycle, The Arbitrage of Perception Part 1
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxW25dUaUvXgq0SNskXO9lXl49nKaw33BZ The Market Cycle, The Arbitrage of Perception Part 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxI5s0zaQDk1BxX4N6B5Da2opxYJDJqaLq x / y Tingz: Outcompete yourself !
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxqlu2h0tbV0izUF8ONr6ciM2msRVYqj9G Controlling emotions and being consistent - move like a boss
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxK-ELg74I0CvOuInzOkxVq9wCoV8PvL27 Consistency - rare habit
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxD1-BBwOQnvwyvXVXbL4xkT0raXNgXZQE concentrate mental horsepower on a few things - can't trade every single asset -> king of none
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8aKBYbZJHzszBtR3f3IWaprjK2Tnob8I How to hedge clones ? - protect NFT asset base
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxEf3t2v1InBzPaZcQQa8nx4itBm\_s-qiA Sentiment Damage
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxUtaedFVe2EKJwOfEXj0YbSBMx1Exx0pr It doesnt matter what might happen, it just matters what really is
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxwuv\_Zw8jwKcVjYFeiXdJNsYx\_WasBof\_ Proper Position-sizing
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxvlXQA97BgBb\_NvDFcJbXhyyEjgNR2gyU Only have a small watch list to increase hit rate and focus
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx2ckQF9lx2QzjYDbGdHRvobcXg8wjpQlR Manifest your own reality by being the biggest fan of your own capacities - get negative self talk out
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxJoUdnTzhGA30a0xYVjW-1vdVmLKp92K1 Importance of having goals to understand what to work on - what is the ultimate plan
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxaUKgCBwPxEJOeYY7IWT4CWqde5XwHNY7 Don’t measure yourself against others as it isn’t a apples to apples comparison - energy flows where attention goes
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxV3fBFjBjbRnRop6LTvEgJuXKpvm5\_Mfn You are the worst enemy - introspection is key to fight that enemy
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxM\_sHyTwlpFe-3IR55\_s9wI\_Lg7M5z2K9 Apple Moves counter to Other Names
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxSQ5lE\_Q\_AOS7Q0sCXZKDB\_3YFJowGicR Market is always speaking - listen to Market's Message, not only price structure
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxQ0HCJUGxBdlo-XQ5mXOiNvyM1P1SOWR1 No one is really looking to be outclassed by anybody - happy family of equally stupid
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxMgr6JCKjDJ0-VFkAYbWvASMtKcvgZJFV dow (risk on) vs gold (risk off)
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxhjtkZZyUqN9BCQ1z4Cr2svTF4QdUp1LY Maximum leverage of risk assets vs risk off assets
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-wwOneDG0wraTFexKghAx0ATPFa-3SMk Similar sentiments to Dow/Gld ratio pump
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxX6Jg41TzsyQTvDFTvafKuaCKd9R7lmIf People sleeping on 100% btc pump
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxDkuAHEHjQp52kU\_hqGZogWPkUJv2bgPL Japan's macro overview
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYJDI5fFOp9RBcIaa1p2IVmiHRK586qPo Be patient, plan around the indexes and macro.
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx92h6oTCBldtDsYSS0Ihc7\_LRrDQlH9f7 dont go digging in the dumpster, just be in the asset that gives you the move
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx6uH3yJfjN1W1sYKmMxQjMfeDrLXgSRDX Play best of breed, can make a career trading few things
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8Wy8p1KpZdVMv-imP0YWzAVqQfO2PpnF Looking what the world is doing.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxUQG0c\_08xQPypJ8uai0uRhoeFlNt5QSC Looking what the world is doing. Part 2 - nowbody knows it's a bull market when it begins
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx95jhdl\_ve4g127woGdUpJRuRBXh0cKyT Valuable information is always around us and need to pay attention
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxgzE8\_Fb5a6chXFrKbanZtzI0pQys9Qu3 Bruce lee philosophies - reason to participate
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx7IqI6LQhw1o4J225pEgWd7jg2d1MH6tK Bruce lee philosophies -- 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxLbemQ3rpyzIpCWw23sFIKqXrONpXNKDc Market mood with Low Viewer Count
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxKVL0x-8xtWdj3RCPrdsvMdLSI33kiXX0 Sympathy plays definition
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxcTr258613Hd5aOFbh\_3gOPTx7\_h792oO Murder cluster analysis
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxEtnWDPQmvLt0BT69ce1nTIXQ3fOrLzJT Macro shooting cluster analysis
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxzN\_avmlzsc0y\_k\_Qu8Yb0yWnYYQHwHa6 Kaz's calls
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxlELMS6OE39MG16b75snUUyYetRJiZFMA Charting murder clusters
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxR5Kh3nZv7PG6iQEMHDgePNffMD-3OleQ Charting murder clusters 2
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxIBoBWWBtyCx-eCRY5vr5wAeg8SAEgYr\_ Charting clusters 3 - data is data
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxcLAn9z15OxG5Si\_higErvlzf9TCEiYkj Engage in conversation to keep up with mental dexterity - different habit
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxHSBUOy5-m6tYHiIm40b2hVVmuCQIumM- Time value of conversation, short attention span, short emotional depth
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxOeapa9eBM7YliijXRokDoKgjodI8O52G LTC Bear flag correlating to SPY bottom
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxyO0ksJ-dyxT2EryJVrglPlyRpUi-WOWn murder clusters - It's Just Data; handle information in any system - speak words on data
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx08KFt6DbbL6AvQ0XUmEjWg2agRxEppsO Murder Cluster Indexes Update
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxGO-vCMqp0lVRrfBim\_K6t\_RTEcqYjpj\_ Murder cluster chart - One for the Record Books
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxZMNglJeotQ5twEW4Lg2zbACOqHq7KX-m Dead Bodies and LTC as Risk Seeking Behaviour
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxxTzMLSAh-qC6qfZhFbFTz7SFwHgjI-Fv Mass Shooting Cluster Correlation Explanation
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxYIUU00npyP30Nigea3zIq3koo1F5M5tA Bear markets don't end in a single bounce they end with mass graves - how synced up all the population really is
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx7XFuMnm1d79Pp5gm4u0VEjK8gsm5w4O8 having empathy&arbitrage of perception&using the intel - value when few ppl know it
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxppkwJ\_SRZaeBUj7NiWRk0FjZ3g0ufp6- Experience based goals, quality of goals
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxPIgXbH52TDxGy9NkdlU3gllvGDAm4LdZ Don't plan your goals with exact dollar amount
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxB4-fo6-B8NIpuNVFk7Yf\_e2JBNbJ95Vn Bull markets are build on dead bodies of those too ignorant to get out of the way of their own biases
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxqXHfhy4pCphgFpiUfDFo-KpQO235B7O1 Compete against yourself rather than others
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxT-mZGH25SIhbVEKQqTb7uUalVHv2LRrI Focus on you and your own work not others. Be patient, be a hunter - if everybody else is missing, opportunity is always knocking
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxnGBF4bTKqVkMUWQ0pTil7UqUveHXPd8V By the time crowd is celebrating its about to over. crowd is exit liquidity - party over there. retail is the exit
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxco29bg76fZa68v3Ad9SbwbLOSf2RrTG- Inceptions - Most people aren't at the party. most ppl lose
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8p\_0e1vtaBxLu\_gUYs5H3ST3p5ARKNMy Pay attention to the empty space around you. It's the few that make money
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxE4PzX5bZfoczZUCZEANWaRFlBEP5-A4Y You can't affect what's past no matter how hard you think about it; all you have it what's next. there's a bunch lot more opportunities
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxhgSYvH7HXuzu3s11JgECcvJTmOQJyJP3 Be a Lion - Don't be food.
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxHYk6Up3nenzHrDhWcFtf6b0qLRQItPWX When in doubt, zoom out to see the macro (theme art explanation) - what you missed doesn't mean nothing now. today is today
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxNRRHetbCfLuumJt\_zwHmuT8lBST6UP81 CPI numbers and what they mean
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxFdg78eDVCqMVhfiaXOv6sLJeMyfHPDyS Entangled emotions at the bottom of full flags - psychology is to look away - use mechanics. a read in you is either anomalous read or a tell in everybody else
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxQkm61n9\_uV-b5S5GM5k\_SWxd4-UJ6o0Q Warp speed macro... What if? in midpoint
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxf\_HtCJYV-x0Ar0PnTfC\_ECYb1H4rvqjN be precise about your geometry
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxSZG82cE7npImvdZAaPxzYqE9tOcj\_CFk I'm just a straight shooting motherf*cker. it's worth to hear something direct
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxX-jHh8dp\_hDnr-a0p6BZ7zdeicjG7uhV All you do is draw bull flags - that's all what it is
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxCg\_NVAJZm9ji1EpP\_70pcMVPayjiaNa7 Value is governed by the law of substitution
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxUP9ySuBYVzMywt2PPSW1tkkTMHX8d7P1 Dangerous to trade in super low resolutions for 24/7 market.
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxz9\_CCAuddiwz5nC2Hh0s0YTtW\_56t\_H1 Trading in really low resolutions in 24/7 market = trading against the market makers
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxdJ4DdVyzNOnEr5hVWARLPD8x4QIjylZa Trade currencies at the time where it is most liquid. you can't trade all the time, you'll get killed
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx5KuX5fa-sBo766u5ofptfExZc\_EuhZmM Nato run out of bullets - chess move
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxXZC9MjaJcpOqkzCzP-laQP4tj0IuNRxI Technicals are avout human behavior analysis. taught preceeds action
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxaPiB-f3SKQwp7wRoqoO\_8CQRNEAXMX2Z to buy into trends memo - relative low vs future high
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx\_tis1pH381iUVCy0pduPDyu5RvdYOp4s it's not as hard if you show for make money with it - don't flake out
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxUUmXHC2KoxyQINVTX64V2T3S4xeNyfs6 Less is always more - you don't need to hit it all - pick one target and focus on that one gazelle
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxY4FEV9tvkpsc\_yEzGsRsq9YHeSvpmtg7 What is TA really? - people make a mark on the chart
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxLIj9ogoHvxbmZ8dDY-ItkUCQccSpWVgp Hindsight Mindset Will F*** U Up!....Todays High Can 🐝 Tomorrows Low 📈
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx0XD\_CQ8BUA9wsFDPr6mdSo2\_iGaK2luf What happens when you don't play best of breed
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxp9IWD90iJ0KurpklHNbZVBCt3Smu32Vx Why do we get a hard arc (gas move) ? - gotta have a piece of this
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxVex\_Hrs6lf\_VRVfQoLo\_oLRw7PJJew7R marketing phase -- new dumb money makes old dumb money look relatively smarter
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxtVSJQ33N14hk4mG03hbUtsL4XQ695GCR When waiting for the pullback becomes a crowded trade
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxuAmbswZVobSkxj1wwKmcwRfqnDDMRlt9 Buy high sell higher mind state in extended wave
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx2JdNqGwk22\_rxthuWn19OcMKcxHrW-6b opportunity somewhere when everyone crowds one side of the equation - rotations
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxLIRGj177n0WGwVV-GscNwrTMiziCKbB\_ If everyone is around there is no best month for you to have - opportunity is looking as a ghost town
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-OG2b-kGbZBCY6we01oXEgJFpS8I5tGp Little Blip on the radar
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxT9cuNp8ZvA53ZkWjpdNE6Jboa5-R6A8w Possible energy demand reduction & acces humans by AI
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxyQerDa65wneRZTXwraX99-EMZ8peUzPb Trading during earning season depends on your resolution
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxijl9Q8n-3mAPP89RRKn1XNI-jC1MDeSt Relationship between oil & VIX
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxoOjYVas2q7Wi2aEkU0LEaFkjNr2gqR-T rising rates
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxRn-6hksKHCbaGC-rZADgRuEyEviZ\_k4\_ What’s the next thing + time corrections
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxVNJD\_iXcne5XWPLB5FmZLwQjRx1IqUzs You can turn it around at any given moment. it's a mindset thing
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx-RD79gPLqmYPwxuKII78stD9yRQYrgoH Crash cycle in every systems
https://youtube.com/clip/UgkxTBg6rrIEPaxLNVq7EFA7Q\_9TMzXH-HR9 tip of the spear = liquidation territory
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkx8ALy3I1BGaG50MlIJEyVrgSjyRDsVWIZ Risk assets / Risk off assets ratio analysis
https://youtube.com/clip/Ugkxaj1a7ycaaJ2vj3Mp8WaD\_c03dmuUcoTJ Emotions are hell of a drug. Consistency is what wins the game
2024.05.15 20:22 Waste-Ad33 I got 95% in boards, and full in Pol. I am sharing the pattern and strategy that helped me in prepping for my subjects(Eng/Pol/socio/Econ/Legal). Y’all can dm me for notes as well.
Hello class 12 humanities students! I just received my class 12 results, and am sharing my study pattern, tips and tricks, and guide to score 90+ in your domains. (Eng/Pol/socio/Econ/Legal) Jitna jaldi shuru karoge, it’s better. Believe me!
For context, my aggregate scores were 95% I have a full in polsci as well!
I’ll go subject wise. Lmk if y’all need any other help!
Anyone who wants extra question papers, or material, can dm me :)
SOME COMMON POINTS
-> Questions get repeated more often than u notice in humanities. The answers expected from u oscillate around a select few topics. They alter the wording and present the questions.
-> NEVER FOLLOW GUIDEBOOKS BLINDLY. They have multiple discrepancies, and can misguide you
-> KV notes (especially the ones by Ranchi and Chandigarh), Edudel, and jawahar navodya vidyalaya notes are top notch. Do refer to them.
-> NCERT is your holy grail, even for economics. Read it very very well.
-> 5-6 markers ke lie always make mind maps after your answersin your core subjects.
-> Never write para style for theory subjects. Make crisp and clear points acc to the marks of the question.
-> Language mein para answers always.
-> questions at the end of the chapters are v important. Never miss them.
-> you should practice papers in real test like conditions to ensure getting used to the pattern and the environment.
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
::English::
Never, I repeat, never take English lightly. My marks were cut in English purely because I made the mistake of taking lit. section, especially Vistas lightly.
The best way to study English Lit. is to make short notes of each chapter, and they should have: - Keywords, poetic devices
-> Remake and re-remake them on rough sheets before exams. This helps retain more.
Clarify the updated writing section formats with your teachers before your mid-terms. Try making model answers for each chapter. For reading comp., I believe understanding the format of the current year is what u need.
TOP RESOURCES:
::Political Science::
This subject is very interesting! 12th pol is fun and easy.
****start with world pol
*maps and cartoons are important. Maps of Indian pol and cartoons of both. Mere paas pdfs hai of all the cartoons and maps if y’all need em*
BEST RESOURCES:
2.Human at Ease. Poorva ma’am’s classes are the best for sure!!
::Economics::
Economics mein IED is very simple, but macro (esp numericals) can baffle you.
::Sociology::
Very interesting, but can get confusing if your 11th concepts aren’t clear.
Again, don’t use help books, I beg of you guys. Apne notes banao, and do PYQS.
Notes banao detailed Format questions and answers NCERT is your holy grail, I repeat, your holy grail.
BEST RESOURCES:
::Legal Studies::
Possibly the most unpredictable subject of humanities, that is open to a plethora of interpretations. You need a lot of time to understand the pattern, as well as the textbook. It is very text heavy, with a lot of terms and articles and sections.
I can’t emphasise enough on the importance of being thorough with NCERT.
Make detailed notes, and reread them on regular intervals. Arihant is a good reference book (possibly the only one out there), but that too has errors. There is legit no good yt channel for legal.
TOP RESOURCES:
PYQs: read the answer keys very very well. It helps a lot, trust me. ( last 8 years) Arihant: but always cross check the answers from pyqs and the book. Notes are good.
**** I can share notes if y’all want as well. ****
A chapter-wise guide of sorts (cuz legal ka material nahi hai zyada)
Judiciary: A long and exhausting chapter. For preserving your own sanity, divide it into three parts: -> Page 3-14
ADR: seems long, but is a rather simple and straight forward chapter. -> make a comparative table of Arbitration, mediation and conciliation, along with mind maps of each topic.
4 business laws: very simple and scoring. 20 marks guaranteed if you do them well. -> understand the cases given very well. They are always used for the case based questions. Any topics that mention steps of any sort, or a doctrine are vv important.
Legal Entities: again, v simple. -> make a table for diff b/w ops and sole proprietorship ; public and pvt company ; partnership and lap.
Criminal Law -> objectives of cl is v imp.
Intl Law Divide into 2 parts and do separately:
submitted by Waste-Ad33 to CBSEarts [link] [comments]
For context, my aggregate scores were 95% I have a full in polsci as well!
I’ll go subject wise. Lmk if y’all need any other help!
Anyone who wants extra question papers, or material, can dm me :)
SOME COMMON POINTS
-> Questions get repeated more often than u notice in humanities. The answers expected from u oscillate around a select few topics. They alter the wording and present the questions.
-> NEVER FOLLOW GUIDEBOOKS BLINDLY. They have multiple discrepancies, and can misguide you
-> KV notes (especially the ones by Ranchi and Chandigarh), Edudel, and jawahar navodya vidyalaya notes are top notch. Do refer to them.
-> NCERT is your holy grail, even for economics. Read it very very well.
-> 5-6 markers ke lie always make mind maps after your answersin your core subjects.
-> Never write para style for theory subjects. Make crisp and clear points acc to the marks of the question.
-> Language mein para answers always.
-> questions at the end of the chapters are v important. Never miss them.
-> you should practice papers in real test like conditions to ensure getting used to the pattern and the environment.
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
::English::
Never, I repeat, never take English lightly. My marks were cut in English purely because I made the mistake of taking lit. section, especially Vistas lightly.
The best way to study English Lit. is to make short notes of each chapter, and they should have: - Keywords, poetic devices
- Theme - Character Sketches (keypoints) - A self prepared outline of the story/poem. This should have some important lines from the text that u quote, and some quotes from outside that are related to the main idea of the story/poem. U can also prepare model answers.-> REVISE THESE NOTES ON A REGULAR BASIS.
-> Remake and re-remake them on rough sheets before exams. This helps retain more.
Clarify the updated writing section formats with your teachers before your mid-terms. Try making model answers for each chapter. For reading comp., I believe understanding the format of the current year is what u need.
TOP RESOURCES:
- KV notes (Ranchi is the best), edudel https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xpuBvLfZvoKTvfHN0JR4sjcTgk1FsQ6Y/view
- Shipra Mishra’s YouTube videos
::Political Science::
This subject is very interesting! 12th pol is fun and easy.
****start with world pol
-> For end of bipolarity, read Cold War era first. It creates a good base, plus helps u a lot if you’re prepping for cuet! -> mind maps!!!! Always make mind maps. It helps a lot. -> globalisation, environment, security ko lightly mat lena. Very scoring but can also drop your marks if you don’t prep them well.**** indian pol
-> chronological order mein jaana here is better. Maybe club chapter 2 and 5. -> indian pol is much easier. Make detailed notes for indian pol.NEVER TRUST POL GUIDE BOOKS!
*maps and cartoons are important. Maps of Indian pol and cartoons of both. Mere paas pdfs hai of all the cartoons and maps if y’all need em*
BEST RESOURCES:
- KV notes, edudel notes https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EvoVIwVKVNZUIllRAT0XhTGpihHMCX08/view
2.Human at Ease. Poorva ma’am’s classes are the best for sure!!
- Notes banao, ya phir make questions out of each topic and create answers and use as notes, or do both.
- PYQS (last 13 years)
::Economics::
Economics mein IED is very simple, but macro (esp numericals) can baffle you.
- IED
-> Trust NCERT blindly for sure, but sandeep Garg notes are good for memorising points wise. -> Make short notes.
- Macro
-> Sandeep Garg se numericals karna is much simpler. Formulas are crisp, and they have plenty of additional questions at the back. -> I’d say it’s better to do theory from NCERT. -> theory ke short notes banao, point wise. -> for numericals, practice them regularly, especially if you suck at mathematical things.
- Rajat Arora
- Sunil Panda
- KV notes, edudel https://edustud.nic.in/edu/SupportMaterial202324/12/12_economics_eng_sm_2024.pdf
- PYQS (last 15 years)
::Sociology::
Very interesting, but can get confusing if your 11th concepts aren’t clear.
Again, don’t use help books, I beg of you guys. Apne notes banao, and do PYQS.
Notes banao detailed Format questions and answers NCERT is your holy grail, I repeat, your holy grail.
BEST RESOURCES:
- Human-at-Ease Edudel notes https://edustud.nic.in/edu/SupportMaterial202324/12/12_sociology_eng_sm_2024.pdf Throughly do ncert PYQS ( last 13 years )
::Legal Studies::
Possibly the most unpredictable subject of humanities, that is open to a plethora of interpretations. You need a lot of time to understand the pattern, as well as the textbook. It is very text heavy, with a lot of terms and articles and sections.
I can’t emphasise enough on the importance of being thorough with NCERT.
Make detailed notes, and reread them on regular intervals. Arihant is a good reference book (possibly the only one out there), but that too has errors. There is legit no good yt channel for legal.
TOP RESOURCES:
PYQs: read the answer keys very very well. It helps a lot, trust me. ( last 8 years) Arihant: but always cross check the answers from pyqs and the book. Notes are good.
**** I can share notes if y’all want as well. ****
A chapter-wise guide of sorts (cuz legal ka material nahi hai zyada)
Judiciary: A long and exhausting chapter. For preserving your own sanity, divide it into three parts: -> Page 3-14
-> Page 15-21 (right before judicial review) -> Page 22- 26 (I advise reading supplementary material as well. It helps understand the cases better + is good for case based questions)*do them separately, otw pagal ho jaoge)*
ADR: seems long, but is a rather simple and straight forward chapter. -> make a comparative table of Arbitration, mediation and conciliation, along with mind maps of each topic.
4 business laws: very simple and scoring. 20 marks guaranteed if you do them well. -> understand the cases given very well. They are always used for the case based questions. Any topics that mention steps of any sort, or a doctrine are vv important.
-> mind maps ; differentiation tables are vv important here.Law and sdg: simple hai boht. ->Just read the book and make basic notes.
Legal Entities: again, v simple. -> make a table for diff b/w ops and sole proprietorship ; public and pvt company ; partnership and lap.
Criminal Law -> objectives of cl is v imp.
-> ipc, cps and iea ache se clearly samjho. There should be no confusion, nahi to phase jaoge. -> confession v/s admission is imp. -> cases ache se samjho plsHuman Rights: v difficult to remember. If you can rote learn, then nothing like it. Many case questions from here as well. ->best bet: sticky notes pe pointers banao and stick them above your table. Roz thoda padho.
-> some things I found v imp: article 14 (equality principle) ; article 19 (reasonable restrictions) ; Article 20 (section 377 chronology) ; Article 21A - DPSP to fundamental right ; arrest v/s detention ; DPSP ( 5 features, 5 dpsps) ; Fundamental duties (5)Quasi judicial bodies: v simple -> functions and features pata hona chahiye
Intl Law Divide into 2 parts and do separately:
-> Page 163- 172 (right above intl human rights) -> page 172 ( intl human rights) to 178Legal Professions Again, divide into 2 parts:
-> page 183-189 ( legal ed in india) -> pages 189 ( usa) to 193. (This is a lot to retain thus I recommend doing this alag se)Legal Services: Simple hai sabse zyada!
->make good notes—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
2024.05.13 22:03 DesignerTruck Man…it must be stressful being a Mangaka in Shonen Jump Thoughts on Dear Anemone as it faces the Axe
There’s this quote from the movie ratatouille that always comes back to me whenever I get too vitriolic with my criticism of any media.
“In the grand scheme of things, the average piece of junk is probably more meaningful than our criticism deeming it so.” – Antoine Ego
Of course criticism is valid and this shouldn’t hinder us from doing it, but if you really think about it, us critics, especially internet critics, just sit back and spew nonsense about “bad writing” and “media Literacy”, when most of us have never even attempted to write a story.
Why do I say this?
Just to preface some thoughts I had about Dear anemone, a manga that is on its way to getting axed in shonen jump almost certainly. Lots of threads on the series talk about poor writing, and bad choices, that’s all fine….but I thought instead, lets take the perspective of the mangaka for a second….and see how our criticisms might seem from the perspective of being a mangaka in Jump.
What prompted this was the report that Rin matsui had deleted mentions of dear anemone on his own twitter account, which really hit me. Something about his art not even being recognised just made me feel sad.
https://twitter.com/ELECTRO_RING?s=09
I couldn’t do it. Most cant. This doesn’t require sympathy on its own merits…. lots of jobs are hard, but goddamn must it be stressful.
Most reading this are either familiar with or have watched or read bakuman. Much of our knowledge of how shueisha works comes from this series. Some of it is outdated, much of it apparently true, but regardless…it establishes much of our “insider” knowledge of being a mangaka.
Details aside, the difference between bakuman and reality is that it is a story…obviously. But because it’s a story, we know that there is going to be a happy ending, a catharsis. He will get the girl and write the manga that becomes an anime yadda yadda. Hardship is character growth, narrative setup. Real life is not so kind….you might fail and never succeed and have your dreams taken away from you.
Lets paint a picture.
Rin matsui is in his early 20s. He does a one shot for dear anemone, while he is an assistant on my hero academia. He looks forward to his big shot and gets it. It a battle horror manga, not a common genre. He gets to serialization. His dreams come true…he is in shonen jump.
He gets the ranking back the next day or so, ( we only have the toc to go by, not an exact rank, and this is assuming the 7 week rule applies somewhat) and he ranks relatively low. A death sentence almost from the start. People online see the first ranking(much later mind you so he has to wait months knowing its coming) and scream DOA. It should have done x or y or would have worked in a seinen magazine. Weve heard all the arguments. They are blase at best, often repeating the same thing.
Maybe he frequents sites like 5ch and 2ch, and sees people ripping it apart by the second chapter. Talking about the similar looking characters, and meandering plot, and lack of intrigue. “God some of those criticism online are pedantic and infuriating, even if they have a point” is what I would think if I were him. Im not him though.
Heres some context as well. Rin matsui is doing the artwork with ink and paper, not digitally. He chose to do absurdly detailed art this way when most others in the magazine use a computer. Some might call this stupid, some might be more impressed….but the few weeks he missed his page counts make sense in light of this. Most people don’t know this though.
And then you have to hear people calling you “lazy” or “not ready” online.
And of course, by his second or third week, he was probably already aware he was likely getting axed…even if it wasnt official yet. Actually imagine what it must feel like to write a story knowing you have already failed by the time you just started.
I Couldn’t do it.
Most people can spend a lifetime learning art or storytelling, let alone both. Mangakas have to be competent at both disciplines, and combine them as well. Novelists can focus on just their writing, artists on their form and composition, but no….a mangaka needs to know both.
Which is why criticism can often seem misinformed, disingenuous and cynical to the point of being useless. Here are some fancy schmancy “critical thoughts”
“Dear anemone has a fascinating premise that invokes the terror of nature to create a visceral tone of body horror rarely seen in Jump. However, it doesn’t leverage this premise very well after the first chapter, ditching its horror elements and becoming a traditional battle manga by the second chapter. Moreover, its characters lack interesting motivations, are hard to distinguish from a visual perspective and even though the art is stunning, it can be hard to track what is happening at times.
It sets up mysteries and intrigue, but resolves many of them a few chapters in, undermining the strength of its own premise. In Terms of plotting, it seems to just drag the protagonist along on events rather than him having agency in the plot, and the lack of characterisation for the side characters amplifies the degree to which this feels like marionettes being led by a storyteller, rather than an organic character led tale.
A few interesting twists were introduced later on, the other characters were also hybrid creatures, which explains perhaps why they were underdeveloped at first, maybe this is now a battle royale….. but the twist came too late. The problem is there is no sense of overarching narrative progression. We reached the lab by the third chapter, spent a few more there introducing antagonists instead of fleshing out main characters, and then got the data we were looking for in the most anticlimactic way, which did nothing to change the complexion of the plot. Imagine if the basement in attack on titan was this uneventful……”
Where is this criticism from?
Well….its mine. If I am doing this exercise I might as well be self- critical. This sound fine and dandy but really pay attention to this criticism. Its nothing original, it’s just fanciful speech reiterating points others have made but consolidating it into one passage.
What is actual constructive criticism? Its criticism as a form of kindness…that tries to meet a work for what it is and yearns for it to be the best version of itself. Its not like the passage above… a cynical kind of distanced critique that pretends to understand narrative and art. Instead…. it has humility. To do this you have to have empathy yes…but also insight, genuine literacy at art and writing. That passage written by me, is frankly useless. Junk not worth the effort put in by Rin matsui no matter how many issues Dear anemone has.
And this only really hit me when I saw he removed mention of dear anemone from his twitter.
This isnt a pity party, im sure they wouldnt want it either…. this is what they signed up for. There is a three strike rule apparently, again another piece of “knowledge” from bakuman. And it does happen, Horikoshi from MHA only struck it big on his third serialization. People grow and change and hone their craft.
But we can just say this, they have to actually go out and do it. Face the circus again when they had a failed serialization. This takes guts in itself. Fusai Naba came back with Kyokute Necromance after aliens area within 2 years ….a quick turnaround. What is he met with?
“Its too soon, his writing is still mediocre, not another damn exorcist manga(I’m guilty of this), the lead character doesn’t stand out, the plotting of the first chapters is a little dry, it was boring, its tries too hard” etc etc
Yet he still came back and is facing the music, choosing a safer theme which makes sense, and is on twitter happy he is back, and even heralded as the author of aliens area. It wasnt pushed under the rug. We call it axed, but shueisha doesn’t actually frame it that way, it was just a completed serialization. The series has fans ….pretty good for “failed art”
https://twitter.com/ELECTRO_RING/status/1789771892062027803
本日発売週刊少年ジャンプ24号に「Dear Anemone」第12話が掲載されております。たまたま目に入った一コマでも見て頂けたらとても嬉しいです。
“Chapter 12 of "Dear Anemone" is published in the 24th issue of Weekly Shonen Jump, which went on sale today. I would be very happy if you could take a look at even just one frame that happens to catch your eye.”
I thought the least I could do is respect his wishes.
The man’s art is legitimately stunning.
https://twitter.com/DailyFairy24/status/1789759301864628698/photo/1
And so all I can hope for with dear anemone and Rin Matsui is that he recognize his own talent. Yes I can say I hope he comes back, and I look forward to his next work, and he improves at his craft, but more than that….I hope dear anemone is acknowledged for what it is…with all its flaws. Art isnt just a product, it’s a process….a living testament to the blood, sweat and tears an artist puts out into the world that documents a journey only one person has ever been through. I don’t know whats going through Rin Matsuis head….but all I can say is that his work is more meaningful than the words we use to critique it ever will be.
I hope he sees that too.
submitted by DesignerTruck to WeeklyShonenJump [link] [comments]
“In the grand scheme of things, the average piece of junk is probably more meaningful than our criticism deeming it so.” – Antoine Ego
Of course criticism is valid and this shouldn’t hinder us from doing it, but if you really think about it, us critics, especially internet critics, just sit back and spew nonsense about “bad writing” and “media Literacy”, when most of us have never even attempted to write a story.
Why do I say this?
Just to preface some thoughts I had about Dear anemone, a manga that is on its way to getting axed in shonen jump almost certainly. Lots of threads on the series talk about poor writing, and bad choices, that’s all fine….but I thought instead, lets take the perspective of the mangaka for a second….and see how our criticisms might seem from the perspective of being a mangaka in Jump.
What prompted this was the report that Rin matsui had deleted mentions of dear anemone on his own twitter account, which really hit me. Something about his art not even being recognised just made me feel sad.
https://twitter.com/ELECTRO_RING?s=09
The sheer stress of being a mangaka …..ie….why Bakuman probably romanticized it.
80-100 hour work weeks at the very least to pump out 20 pages, constantly being evaluated by rankings you are given access to after finishing, needing to adjust to the whims of an audience who articulate their grievances but probably know nothing about art and storytelling.I couldn’t do it. Most cant. This doesn’t require sympathy on its own merits…. lots of jobs are hard, but goddamn must it be stressful.
Most reading this are either familiar with or have watched or read bakuman. Much of our knowledge of how shueisha works comes from this series. Some of it is outdated, much of it apparently true, but regardless…it establishes much of our “insider” knowledge of being a mangaka.
Details aside, the difference between bakuman and reality is that it is a story…obviously. But because it’s a story, we know that there is going to be a happy ending, a catharsis. He will get the girl and write the manga that becomes an anime yadda yadda. Hardship is character growth, narrative setup. Real life is not so kind….you might fail and never succeed and have your dreams taken away from you.
Lets paint a picture.
Rin matsui is in his early 20s. He does a one shot for dear anemone, while he is an assistant on my hero academia. He looks forward to his big shot and gets it. It a battle horror manga, not a common genre. He gets to serialization. His dreams come true…he is in shonen jump.
He gets the ranking back the next day or so, ( we only have the toc to go by, not an exact rank, and this is assuming the 7 week rule applies somewhat) and he ranks relatively low. A death sentence almost from the start. People online see the first ranking(much later mind you so he has to wait months knowing its coming) and scream DOA. It should have done x or y or would have worked in a seinen magazine. Weve heard all the arguments. They are blase at best, often repeating the same thing.
Maybe he frequents sites like 5ch and 2ch, and sees people ripping it apart by the second chapter. Talking about the similar looking characters, and meandering plot, and lack of intrigue. “God some of those criticism online are pedantic and infuriating, even if they have a point” is what I would think if I were him. Im not him though.
Heres some context as well. Rin matsui is doing the artwork with ink and paper, not digitally. He chose to do absurdly detailed art this way when most others in the magazine use a computer. Some might call this stupid, some might be more impressed….but the few weeks he missed his page counts make sense in light of this. Most people don’t know this though.
And then you have to hear people calling you “lazy” or “not ready” online.
And of course, by his second or third week, he was probably already aware he was likely getting axed…even if it wasnt official yet. Actually imagine what it must feel like to write a story knowing you have already failed by the time you just started.
I Couldn’t do it.
“Good” Criticisms of Dear Anemone….or why being constructively critical is hard unless you know what you are talking about.
Being a mangaka is hard in another sense. It is technically hard. You have to be good at both Art and storytelling.Most people can spend a lifetime learning art or storytelling, let alone both. Mangakas have to be competent at both disciplines, and combine them as well. Novelists can focus on just their writing, artists on their form and composition, but no….a mangaka needs to know both.
Which is why criticism can often seem misinformed, disingenuous and cynical to the point of being useless. Here are some fancy schmancy “critical thoughts”
“Dear anemone has a fascinating premise that invokes the terror of nature to create a visceral tone of body horror rarely seen in Jump. However, it doesn’t leverage this premise very well after the first chapter, ditching its horror elements and becoming a traditional battle manga by the second chapter. Moreover, its characters lack interesting motivations, are hard to distinguish from a visual perspective and even though the art is stunning, it can be hard to track what is happening at times.
It sets up mysteries and intrigue, but resolves many of them a few chapters in, undermining the strength of its own premise. In Terms of plotting, it seems to just drag the protagonist along on events rather than him having agency in the plot, and the lack of characterisation for the side characters amplifies the degree to which this feels like marionettes being led by a storyteller, rather than an organic character led tale.
A few interesting twists were introduced later on, the other characters were also hybrid creatures, which explains perhaps why they were underdeveloped at first, maybe this is now a battle royale….. but the twist came too late. The problem is there is no sense of overarching narrative progression. We reached the lab by the third chapter, spent a few more there introducing antagonists instead of fleshing out main characters, and then got the data we were looking for in the most anticlimactic way, which did nothing to change the complexion of the plot. Imagine if the basement in attack on titan was this uneventful……”
Where is this criticism from?
Well….its mine. If I am doing this exercise I might as well be self- critical. This sound fine and dandy but really pay attention to this criticism. Its nothing original, it’s just fanciful speech reiterating points others have made but consolidating it into one passage.
What is actual constructive criticism? Its criticism as a form of kindness…that tries to meet a work for what it is and yearns for it to be the best version of itself. Its not like the passage above… a cynical kind of distanced critique that pretends to understand narrative and art. Instead…. it has humility. To do this you have to have empathy yes…but also insight, genuine literacy at art and writing. That passage written by me, is frankly useless. Junk not worth the effort put in by Rin matsui no matter how many issues Dear anemone has.
And this only really hit me when I saw he removed mention of dear anemone from his twitter.
“Im sure they will come back in the future, and I look forward to their next work!”
How many times have we heard this platitude? The fact that its true doesn’t make it less platitudinous, but regardless, this is how most threads compassionate about the hardship about being a mangaka go when news of an axed serialization comes out. We saw it with mamayuyu, phantom seer, red hood….rookies trying to make it big and that have talent, but just lacked that special something to make things click.This isnt a pity party, im sure they wouldnt want it either…. this is what they signed up for. There is a three strike rule apparently, again another piece of “knowledge” from bakuman. And it does happen, Horikoshi from MHA only struck it big on his third serialization. People grow and change and hone their craft.
But we can just say this, they have to actually go out and do it. Face the circus again when they had a failed serialization. This takes guts in itself. Fusai Naba came back with Kyokute Necromance after aliens area within 2 years ….a quick turnaround. What is he met with?
“Its too soon, his writing is still mediocre, not another damn exorcist manga(I’m guilty of this), the lead character doesn’t stand out, the plotting of the first chapters is a little dry, it was boring, its tries too hard” etc etc
Yet he still came back and is facing the music, choosing a safer theme which makes sense, and is on twitter happy he is back, and even heralded as the author of aliens area. It wasnt pushed under the rug. We call it axed, but shueisha doesn’t actually frame it that way, it was just a completed serialization. The series has fans ….pretty good for “failed art”
The Spirit of an artist
I’m not going to be so pretentious so as to presume to be able do the kind of critique any artist deserves, but in an optimistic twist of fate, right after a time skip chapter that usually signals a mangas inevitable end(into a bizarre alice in wonderland esque twist ….what are you cooking mr matsui?), Rin Matsui tweeted about dear anemone again.https://twitter.com/ELECTRO_RING/status/1789771892062027803
本日発売週刊少年ジャンプ24号に「Dear Anemone」第12話が掲載されております。たまたま目に入った一コマでも見て頂けたらとても嬉しいです。
“Chapter 12 of "Dear Anemone" is published in the 24th issue of Weekly Shonen Jump, which went on sale today. I would be very happy if you could take a look at even just one frame that happens to catch your eye.”
I thought the least I could do is respect his wishes.
The man’s art is legitimately stunning.
https://twitter.com/DailyFairy24/status/1789759301864628698/photo/1
And so all I can hope for with dear anemone and Rin Matsui is that he recognize his own talent. Yes I can say I hope he comes back, and I look forward to his next work, and he improves at his craft, but more than that….I hope dear anemone is acknowledged for what it is…with all its flaws. Art isnt just a product, it’s a process….a living testament to the blood, sweat and tears an artist puts out into the world that documents a journey only one person has ever been through. I don’t know whats going through Rin Matsuis head….but all I can say is that his work is more meaningful than the words we use to critique it ever will be.
I hope he sees that too.
2024.05.13 14:09 Waste-Ad33 My study pattern, tips and tricks, and guide to score 90+ in your domains. (Eng/Pol/socio/Econ/Legal). Y’all can dm me for notes as well.
Hello class 12 humanities students! I just received my class 12 results, and am sharing my study pattern, tips and tricks, and guide to score 90+ in your domains. (Eng/Pol/socio/Econ/Legal) Jitna jaldi shuru karoge, it’s better. Believe me!
For context, my aggregate scores were 95% I have a full in polsci as well!
I’ll go subject wise. Lmk if y’all need any other help!
Anyone who wants extra question papers, or material, can dm me :)
SOME COMMON POINTS
-> Questions get repeated more often than u notice in humanities. The answers expected from u oscillate around a select few topics. They alter the wording and present the questions.
-> NEVER FOLLOW GUIDEBOOKS BLINDLY. They have multiple discrepancies, and can misguide you
-> KV notes (especially the ones by Ranchi and Chandigarh), Edudel, and jawahar navodya vidyalaya notes are top notch. Do refer to them.
-> NCERT is your holy grail, even for economics. Read it very very well.
-> 5-6 markers ke lie always make mind maps after your answersin your core subjects.
-> Never write para style for theory subjects. Make crisp and clear points acc to the marks of the question.
-> Language mein para answers always.
-> questions at the end of the chapters are v important. Never miss them.
-> you should practice papers in real test like conditions to ensure getting used to the pattern and the environment.
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
::English::
Never, I repeat, never take English lightly. My marks were cut in English purely because I made the mistake of taking lit. section, especially Vistas lightly.
The best way to study English Lit. is to make short notes of each chapter, and they should have: - Keywords, poetic devices
-> Remake and re-remake them on rough sheets before exams. This helps retain more.
Clarify the updated writing section formats with your teachers before your mid-terms. Try making model answers for each chapter. For reading comp., I believe understanding the format of the current year is what u need.
TOP RESOURCES:
::Political Science::
This subject is very interesting! 12th pol is fun and easy.
****start with world pol
*maps and cartoons are important. Maps of Indian pol and cartoons of both. Mere paas pdfs hai of all the cartoons and maps if y’all need em*
BEST RESOURCES:
2.Human at Ease. Poorva ma’am’s classes are the best for sure!!
::Economics::
Economics mein IED is very simple, but macro (esp numericals) can baffle you.
::Sociology::
Very interesting, but can get confusing if your 11th concepts aren’t clear.
Again, don’t use help books, I beg of you guys. Apne notes banao, and do PYQS.
Notes banao detailed Format questions and answers NCERT is your holy grail, I repeat, your holy grail.
BEST RESOURCES:
::Legal Studies::
Possibly the most unpredictable subject of humanities, that is open to a plethora of interpretations. You need a lot of time to understand the pattern, as well as the textbook. It is very text heavy, with a lot of terms and articles and sections.
I can’t emphasise enough on the importance of being thorough with NCERT.
Make detailed notes, and reread them on regular intervals. Arihant is a good reference book (possibly the only one out there), but that too has errors. There is legit no good yt channel for legal.
TOP RESOURCES:
PYQs: read the answer keys very very well. It helps a lot, trust me. ( last 8 years) Arihant: but always cross check the answers from pyqs and the book. Notes are good.
**** I can share notes if y’all want as well. ****
A chapter-wise guide of sorts (cuz legal ka material nahi hai zyada)
Judiciary: A long and exhausting chapter. For preserving your own sanity, divide it into three parts: -> Page 3-14
ADR: seems long, but is a rather simple and straight forward chapter. -> make a comparative table of Arbitration, mediation and conciliation, along with mind maps of each topic.
4 business laws: very simple and scoring. 20 marks guaranteed if you do them well. -> understand the cases given very well. They are always used for the case based questions. Any topics that mention steps of any sort, or a doctrine are vv important.
Legal Entities: again, v simple. -> make a table for diff b/w ops and sole proprietorship ; public and pvt company ; partnership and lap.
Criminal Law -> objectives of cl is v imp.
Intl Law Divide into 2 parts and do separately:
submitted by Waste-Ad33 to CBSE [link] [comments]
For context, my aggregate scores were 95% I have a full in polsci as well!
I’ll go subject wise. Lmk if y’all need any other help!
Anyone who wants extra question papers, or material, can dm me :)
SOME COMMON POINTS
-> Questions get repeated more often than u notice in humanities. The answers expected from u oscillate around a select few topics. They alter the wording and present the questions.
-> NEVER FOLLOW GUIDEBOOKS BLINDLY. They have multiple discrepancies, and can misguide you
-> KV notes (especially the ones by Ranchi and Chandigarh), Edudel, and jawahar navodya vidyalaya notes are top notch. Do refer to them.
-> NCERT is your holy grail, even for economics. Read it very very well.
-> 5-6 markers ke lie always make mind maps after your answersin your core subjects.
-> Never write para style for theory subjects. Make crisp and clear points acc to the marks of the question.
-> Language mein para answers always.
-> questions at the end of the chapters are v important. Never miss them.
-> you should practice papers in real test like conditions to ensure getting used to the pattern and the environment.
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
::English::
Never, I repeat, never take English lightly. My marks were cut in English purely because I made the mistake of taking lit. section, especially Vistas lightly.
The best way to study English Lit. is to make short notes of each chapter, and they should have: - Keywords, poetic devices
- Theme - Character Sketches - A self prepared outline of the story/poem. This should have some important lines from the text that u quote, and some quotes from outside that are related to the main idea of the story/poem. U can also prepare model answers.-> REVISE THESE NOTES ON A REGULAR BASIS.
-> Remake and re-remake them on rough sheets before exams. This helps retain more.
Clarify the updated writing section formats with your teachers before your mid-terms. Try making model answers for each chapter. For reading comp., I believe understanding the format of the current year is what u need.
TOP RESOURCES:
- KV notes (Ranchi is the best), edudel https://drive.google.com/file/d/1xpuBvLfZvoKTvfHN0JR4sjcTgk1FsQ6Y/view
- Shipra Mishra’s YouTube videos
::Political Science::
This subject is very interesting! 12th pol is fun and easy.
****start with world pol
-> For end of bipolarity, read Cold War era first. It creates a good base, plus helps u a lot if you’re prepping for cuet! -> mind maps!!!! Always make mind maps. It helps a lot. -> globalisation, environment, security ko lightly mat lena. Very scoring but can also drop your marks if you don’t prep them well.**** indian pol
-> chronological order mein jaana here is better. Maybe club chapter 2 and 5. -> indian pol is much easier. Make detailed notes for indian pol.NEVER TRUST POL GUIDE BOOKS!
*maps and cartoons are important. Maps of Indian pol and cartoons of both. Mere paas pdfs hai of all the cartoons and maps if y’all need em*
BEST RESOURCES:
- KV notes, edudel notes https://drive.google.com/file/d/1EvoVIwVKVNZUIllRAT0XhTGpihHMCX08/view
2.Human at Ease. Poorva ma’am’s classes are the best for sure!!
- Notes banao, ya phir make questions out of each topic and create answers and use as notes, or do both.
- PYQS (last 13 years)
::Economics::
Economics mein IED is very simple, but macro (esp numericals) can baffle you.
- IED
-> Trust NCERT blindly for this, but sandeep Garg notes are good for memorising points wise. -> Make short notes.
- Macro
-> Sandeep Garg se numericals karna is much simpler. Formulas are crisp, and they have plenty of additional questions at the back. -> I’d say it’s better to do theory from NCERT. -> theory ke short notes banao, point wise. -> for numericals, practice them regularly, especially if you suck at mathematical things.
- Rajat Arora
- Sunil Panda
- KV notes, edudel https://edustud.nic.in/edu/SupportMaterial202324/12/12_economics_eng_sm_2024.pdf
- PYQS (last 15 years)
::Sociology::
Very interesting, but can get confusing if your 11th concepts aren’t clear.
Again, don’t use help books, I beg of you guys. Apne notes banao, and do PYQS.
Notes banao detailed Format questions and answers NCERT is your holy grail, I repeat, your holy grail.
BEST RESOURCES:
- Human-at-Ease Edudel notes https://edustud.nic.in/edu/SupportMaterial202324/12/12_sociology_eng_sm_2024.pdf Throughly do ncert PYQS ( last 13 years )
::Legal Studies::
Possibly the most unpredictable subject of humanities, that is open to a plethora of interpretations. You need a lot of time to understand the pattern, as well as the textbook. It is very text heavy, with a lot of terms and articles and sections.
I can’t emphasise enough on the importance of being thorough with NCERT.
Make detailed notes, and reread them on regular intervals. Arihant is a good reference book (possibly the only one out there), but that too has errors. There is legit no good yt channel for legal.
TOP RESOURCES:
PYQs: read the answer keys very very well. It helps a lot, trust me. ( last 8 years) Arihant: but always cross check the answers from pyqs and the book. Notes are good.
**** I can share notes if y’all want as well. ****
A chapter-wise guide of sorts (cuz legal ka material nahi hai zyada)
Judiciary: A long and exhausting chapter. For preserving your own sanity, divide it into three parts: -> Page 3-14
-> Page 15-21 (right before judicial review) -> Page 22- 26 (I advise reading supplementary material as well. It helps understand the cases better + is good for case based questions)*do them separately, otw pagal ho jaoge)*
ADR: seems long, but is a rather simple and straight forward chapter. -> make a comparative table of Arbitration, mediation and conciliation, along with mind maps of each topic.
4 business laws: very simple and scoring. 20 marks guaranteed if you do them well. -> understand the cases given very well. They are always used for the case based questions. Any topics that mention steps of any sort, or a doctrine are vv important.
-> mind maps ; differentiation tables are vv important here.Law and sdg: simple hai boht. ->Just read the book and make basic notes.
Legal Entities: again, v simple. -> make a table for diff b/w ops and sole proprietorship ; public and pvt company ; partnership and lap.
Criminal Law -> objectives of cl is v imp.
-> ipc, cps and iea ache se clearly samjho. There should be no confusion, nahi to phase jaoge. -> confession v/s admission is imp. -> cases ache se samjho plsHuman Rights: v difficult to remember. If you can rote learn, then nothing like it. Many case questions from here as well. ->best bet: sticky notes pe pointers banao and stick them above your table. Roz thoda padho.
-> some things I found v imp: article 14 (equality principle) ; article 19 (reasonable restrictions) ; Article 20 (section 377 chronology) ; Article 21A - DPSP to fundamental right ; arrest v/s detention ; DPSP ( 5 features, 5 dpsps) ; Fundamental duties (5)Quasi judicial bodies: v simple -> functions and features pata hona chahiye
Intl Law Divide into 2 parts and do separately:
-> Page 163- 172 (right above intl human rights) -> page 172 ( intl human rights) to 178Legal Professions Again, divide into 2 parts:
-> page 183-189 ( legal ed in india) -> pages 189 ( usa) to 193. (This is a lot to retain thus I recommend doing this alag se)Legal Services: Simple hai sabse zyada!
->make good notes—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
2024.05.12 02:19 nuttychoccydino Just wanted to share some new pages
 | submitted by nuttychoccydino to scrapbooking [link] [comments] |
2024.05.11 05:29 Carla_OFD Launch of new book: "Walllow: 36 Spiritual Secretions from Oves Mei" (don't tell people in Opus Dei)
Hola everyone! I am Carla (or Carlita). I am a new member of this sub. I'm also a collector of spiritual sayings and wisdom, and I'm launching here the book https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0D3S81PGS/ "Wallow: 36 Spiritual Secretions from Oves Mei", which some people from this sub have helped me on - many thanks to them for their generosity and wisdom. The style of the sayings is inspired by some well known books of spiritual sayings from a certain group within the Catholic church.
It's available on Amazon Kindle, for $5.50 (or the equivalent in your currency) at this link: https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0D3S81PGS/ (There's another option at the end of the post for those who can't access Kindle.)
If you don't have the Kindle app, you can download it free here: https://www.amazon.co.uk/b?ie=UTF8&node=21568507031
If your region settings on Amazon stop you from buying it, try changing the settings - see How to Change Your Country on Amazon So You Can Buy Different Kindle Books (howtogeek.com)
Some people in some countries may find they need a UK address to buy and download it from Amazon. You can input any real UK address when you change region. It doesn't matter which one because nothing will be sent there. Here is a famous one: Apsley House 149 Piccadilly Hyde Park Corner, London W1J 7NT
If you have Kindle Unlimited, you shouldn't need to change region.
Profits from sales will go into the fundraiser for the ex-NAXes on this forum - see pinned post. Amazon takes about 1/3 of the price. I'll work with the people running the fundraiser to give evidence here of the money transfers. The way Amazon works means that 1st Amazon payment won't come for 2 to 3 months.
At the end of the book, there is some more serious information about the alleged outrage of alleged exploitation and non-payment of ex-NAXes, which this forum tries to spread the word on.
I hope you like the book and share the details far and wide, to promote it! And of course, I hope that your spirits are lifted by the book! The book has more than what you may have seen on this forum, including extremely serious disclaimers, "praise" for the book, and a foreword by His Hoolieness, Revd Feargal O'Curragh.
It goes without saying that people in Opus Dei should not read this book. Please make sure that they never hear about it. They will just misunderstand it. It's not their fault.
Thanks for reading and let me know of any feedback that could help. Hasta luego, amigos y amigas!
PS If you just can't download it on Kindle, please
submitted by Carla_OFD to opusdeiexposed [link] [comments]
It's available on Amazon Kindle, for $5.50 (or the equivalent in your currency) at this link: https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/B0D3S81PGS/ (There's another option at the end of the post for those who can't access Kindle.)
If you don't have the Kindle app, you can download it free here: https://www.amazon.co.uk/b?ie=UTF8&node=21568507031
If your region settings on Amazon stop you from buying it, try changing the settings - see How to Change Your Country on Amazon So You Can Buy Different Kindle Books (howtogeek.com)
Some people in some countries may find they need a UK address to buy and download it from Amazon. You can input any real UK address when you change region. It doesn't matter which one because nothing will be sent there. Here is a famous one: Apsley House 149 Piccadilly Hyde Park Corner, London W1J 7NT
If you have Kindle Unlimited, you shouldn't need to change region.
Profits from sales will go into the fundraiser for the ex-NAXes on this forum - see pinned post. Amazon takes about 1/3 of the price. I'll work with the people running the fundraiser to give evidence here of the money transfers. The way Amazon works means that 1st Amazon payment won't come for 2 to 3 months.
At the end of the book, there is some more serious information about the alleged outrage of alleged exploitation and non-payment of ex-NAXes, which this forum tries to spread the word on.
I hope you like the book and share the details far and wide, to promote it! And of course, I hope that your spirits are lifted by the book! The book has more than what you may have seen on this forum, including extremely serious disclaimers, "praise" for the book, and a foreword by His Hoolieness, Revd Feargal O'Curragh.
It goes without saying that people in Opus Dei should not read this book. Please make sure that they never hear about it. They will just misunderstand it. It's not their fault.
Thanks for reading and let me know of any feedback that could help. Hasta luego, amigos y amigas!
PS If you just can't download it on Kindle, please
- Send me a direct message here with an email address- it could be a burner one so I don't know your real name
- Make a donation to the fundraiser https://www.gofundme.com/f/3-exassistant-numeraries-of-opus-dei-from-ireland-and-us - book costs US$5.50 on Amazon
- I will send you a pdf version. It won't have the nice hippo picture on the front but is otherwise the same!
2024.05.10 15:11 Bearman637 The Narrow Way - Balancing Extremes in Christian Doctrine
Christian doctrine can be better understood by examining sets of opposite errors and finding the biblical truth that lies between them. By carefully studying these errors and their corresponding truths, believers can develop a more balanced perspective of their faith that is consistent with the teachings of the New Testament and the ante-Nicene Church Fathers (50-200AD). I will quote these early church bishops alongside scripture to demonstrate this was their understanding and not some novel invention. Below is a high level outline of the errors I will address.
Summary:
2. Cheap Grace (Salvation in wilful deliberate sin): This error separates faith from works, suggesting that one's actions have no bearing on their final salvation. "Once saved always saved" is a facet of this error. So also is treating sin as a transactional thing (eg a mentality of "I will sin then repent later"). People who hold this error often separate Christians into two classes, "carnal" Christians who believe in Jesus for forgiveness but don't want to obey him, and "mature" Christians who do obey him. There is no distinction like this in historical Christianity. There are immature Christians, and mature Christians but anyone who rejects submission to the teachings of Jesus is outside the faith. Jesus clearly warned about these people being wolves amongst sheep, for by their fruits we will know them. Bad trees bring forth bad fruit.
The biblical truth that balances these errors is that forgiveness (justification in Paul's usage) is by faith alone
It is essential to understand that while good works are necessary evidence of genuine faith, they are not the means by which salvation is earned. Salvation is a gift of God's grace, received through faith in Christ alone (Ephesians 2:8-9). Good works are the fruit and outworking of this saving faith (Ephesians 2:10), demonstrating the reality of the believer's transformation in Christ (Titus 2:11-14). In other words, we are saved by faith alone, but saving faith is never alone; it always produces good works (love / fruit) as a result of the Holy Spirit's work in the believer's life (Philippians 2:12-13)."
Irenaeus (130-200AD, bishop and disciple of Polycarp who was a Discple of the apostle John) said the following on the issue which perfectly captures the meaning of Pauls epistles:
6. Hedonism: This error elevates the pursuit of pleasure as the highest good, neglecting the importance of self-control, self-sacrifice for others, and the pursuit of holiness.
The biblical perspective that balances these errors is that Christians should receive God's earthly gifts with gratitude and exercise self-control, preferring others above themselves
This error ignores the ongoing reality of the struggle against temptation and the need for vigilance in the life of a believer, claiming that a true believer is incapable of making mistakes or succumbing to temptation and sinning. This error neglects the need for mercy and patience amongst Christians as they grow in maturity in Christ. While believers might occasionally stumble (James 3:2), it's crucial to distinguish between temporary setbacks and a lifestyle of persistent, unrepentant sin.
By emphasizing the power of God's grace and the possibility of Christlikeness, we embrace a balanced perspective that acknowledges the struggle against temptation while affirming God's power to enable believers to live lives pleasing to Him, avoiding the extremes of believing that Christians are either incapable of sinning or that sin is inevitable.
8. Inevitability of sin:
This error denies the transformative power of the Holy Spirit and the ability of believers to live a life pleasing to God, asserting that loving obedience is impossible and sin is inevitable, even after conversion. Those who hold to this error might say things like, 'We will never be sinless in this life,' or 'we sin in thought, word and deed every day' or 'our righteousness is filthy rags' which suggests that believers are doomed to a life of continuous sin and fails to recognize the transformative power of abiding in Christ and walking by the Spirit. It also denies the fruit of the Spirit in ones life is the actual righteousness of God, not ones own and it isn't filthy rags. John 15 says God is pleased by this fruit and we prove to be Christs disciples by abiding in Him and doing His works.
This is the most dominant error amongst believers so I will spend more time unpacking this one. It is rooted in the traditions and novel interpretations of some prominent protestant reformers and not the new testament, or the early church fathers witness.
Those who hold to this error often cite 1 John 1:8 as evidence for their position, which states,
In fact, just a few verses later, John writes,
Furthermore, throughout his epistle, John emphasizes the transformative power of God's love and the believer's union with Christ
Here are some quotations from the disciples of the disciples to prove my point:
Remember, love is the opposite of sin. Sin the opposite of love. We cannot walk and abide in love and sin. Nor can we abide in sin and profess to love God. They are polar opposites. You walk in one or the other, light or darkness. Whoever abides in love abides in God and God in Him. This is how we can assure our hearts before Him, because as He is so are we in this world. Focus on the positive - love, not on sin aversion.
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Summary:
A. Forgiveness Errors 1. Merit - Forgiveness by works (either religious ceremonies or moral achievements) 2. Cheap Grace - Salvation in willful unrepentant sin B. Rule of Life Errors 3. Legalism - Chrisitans must obey the law of Moses 4. Antinomianism (Lawlessness) - As Christians are freed from the law of Moses, they are free from all moral obligation. C. Relationship to the World Errors 5. Asceticism - Pleasure and enjoyment is sin. 6. Hedonism - Pleasure and enjoyment is the highest good. D. Relationship to Sin & Righteousness Errors 7. Mistakelessness - Its impossible for genuine christians to sin or stumble, obedience is inevitable. 8. Inevitability of Sin - Its impossible for genuine Christians to obey God and live righteously, sin is inevitable.
A) Forgiveness Errors
1. Merit (Forgiveness/Justification by works): This error promotes the idea that salvation (forgiveness of sins) can be earned through good works and obedience, or religious ceremonies and performances neglecting the simplicity of faith and Gods grace. In Pauls time, this was faith in sacrificing bulls and animals to pay for their sins. In modern times its things like penance "do x y and z, and only then will you be forgiven". While repentance does include restoration of the wrong where possible, high church traditions do not normally mean returning a stolen good to someone if you were a thief, they mean do "x" religious practice "x" amount of times to be forgiven. This is not biblical and goes against the concept of being forgiven by Gods grace freely without needing to merit it.2. Cheap Grace (Salvation in wilful deliberate sin): This error separates faith from works, suggesting that one's actions have no bearing on their final salvation. "Once saved always saved" is a facet of this error. So also is treating sin as a transactional thing (eg a mentality of "I will sin then repent later"). People who hold this error often separate Christians into two classes, "carnal" Christians who believe in Jesus for forgiveness but don't want to obey him, and "mature" Christians who do obey him. There is no distinction like this in historical Christianity. There are immature Christians, and mature Christians but anyone who rejects submission to the teachings of Jesus is outside the faith. Jesus clearly warned about these people being wolves amongst sheep, for by their fruits we will know them. Bad trees bring forth bad fruit.
The biblical truth that balances these errors is that forgiveness (justification in Paul's usage) is by faith alone
Romans 3:28 - For we hold that one is justified by faith apart from works of the law.but genuine faith will inevitably result in a life of loving obedience to Christ through the transforming power of the Holy Spirit, leading to ultimate salvation.
1 Clement 32:4 (LSV - Clement was a hearer of Paul and Peter, a bishop of the Roman church in the 1st century) 4 And we who through His will have been called in Christ Jesus are justified, not by ourselves, or through our wisdom, or understanding, or godliness, or the works that we have done in holiness of heart, but by faith, by which all men from the beginning have been justified by Almighty God, to whom be glory through the ages of the ages. Amen.
James 2:14-26 - What good is it, my brothers, if someone says he has faith but does not have works? Can that faith save him? If a brother or sister is poorly clothed and lacking in daily food, and one of you says to them, "Go in peace, be warmed and filled," without giving them the things needed for the body, what good is that? So also faith by itself, if it does not have works, is dead. But someone will say, "You have faith and I have works." Show me your faith apart from your works, and I will show you my faith by my works. ...Christians are justified (ie "forgiven and reconciled to God" in Paul's sense) by faith in Christ, not by works of the law
Galatians 5:13-14 - For you were called to freedom, brothers. Only do not use your freedom as an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another. For the whole law is fulfilled in one word: "You shall love your neighbor as yourself."
Galatians 2:16 - Yet we know that a person is not justified by works of the law but through faith in Jesus Christ, so we also have believed in Christ Jesus, in order to be justified by faith in Christ and not by works of the law, because by works of the law no one will be justified.but true faith will naturally produce good works as evidence of the believer's transformed life
Titus 3:8 - The saying is trustworthy, and I want you to insist on these things, so that those who have believed in God may be careful to devote themselves to good works. These things are excellent and profitable for people.While forgiveness is by grace through faith alone, a living faith is never alone but is always accompanied by good works, resulting in ultimate salvation (justification in James' usage).
It is essential to understand that while good works are necessary evidence of genuine faith, they are not the means by which salvation is earned. Salvation is a gift of God's grace, received through faith in Christ alone (Ephesians 2:8-9). Good works are the fruit and outworking of this saving faith (Ephesians 2:10), demonstrating the reality of the believer's transformation in Christ (Titus 2:11-14). In other words, we are saved by faith alone, but saving faith is never alone; it always produces good works (love / fruit) as a result of the Holy Spirit's work in the believer's life (Philippians 2:12-13)."
Ephesians 2:8-9 -For by grace you have been saved through faith. And this is not your own doing; it is the gift of God, not a result of works, so that no one may boast.
Ephesians 2:10 - For we are his workmanship, created in Christ Jesus for good works, which God prepared beforehand, that we should walk in them.
Titus 2:11-14 - For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for all people, training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age, waiting for our blessed hope, the appearing of the glory of our great God and Savior Jesus Christ, who gave himself for us to redeem us from all lawlessness and to purify for himself a people for his own possession who are zealous for good works.
B) Rule of Life Errors
3. Legalism: This error teaches Christians are still bound to the Law of Moses. Sabbatarians fall under this category, as well as the Hebrew Roots movement. These teach we must keep the Torah in totality holding the mosaic law as Gods only and chief expression of His righteous requirement given to men. It rejects the fulfilment of the laws purpose which was to point men to Christ. It also ignores the Holy Spirits role of leading us in all things, having written the law of God on our hearts (Ezekiel 36:26-27) and shedding abroad Gods love in us (Romans 5). It denies we are no longer under the letter of the law but follow the Spirit (Romans 7:6)Ezekiel 36:26-27 I will give you a new heart and put a new spirit within you; I will take the heart of stone out of your flesh and give you a heart of flesh. I will put My Spirit within you and cause you to walk in My statutes, and you will keep My judgments and do them."4. Antinomianism (Lawlessness): This error correctly teaches we are free from the law of Moses (Romans 7) but doesn't assert we are still bound under the Law of Christ. It leads to open sin and living selfishly to the "flesh". Everyone doing what they think is right in their own eyes like in the book of judges. These people will vehemently assert Romans 7 is a description of the normal Christian life (instead of Pauls life under Judaism before coming to Christ) wanting to do whats right but always living in sin, and deny Romans 8.
Romans 5:5 Now hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out in our hearts by the Holy Spirit who was given to us.
Romans 7:6 But now we have been delivered from the law, having died to what we were held by, so that we should serve in the newness of the Spirit and not in the oldness of the letter.
Romans 8:3-4 - For God has done what the law, weakened by the flesh, could not do. By sending his own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and for sin, he condemned sin in the flesh, in order that the righteous requirement of the law might be fulfilled in us, who walk not according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.The biblical truth is we are freed from the law of Moses (torah - first 5 books of the bible) to serve Jesus doing all He taught (which far exceeds the righteousness described in the Law of Moses). This is summed up in one word - Love. But not some generic love, Jesus is the standard of our love according to the book of John. He gave us a new commandment to love as He loved. Romans 13 says love is the fulfilling of the law.
Irenaeus (130-200AD, bishop and disciple of Polycarp who was a Discple of the apostle John) said the following on the issue which perfectly captures the meaning of Pauls epistles:
A Demonstration of the Apostolic PreachingWe do this by not loving this world (1 John 2) but loving Christ above all and our neighbour as our self which we can do by following His Spirit.
Chp96 God has summed up again for Himself in us the faith of Abraham, we ought not to turn back any more-- I mean, to the first legislation. For we have received the Lord of the Law, the Son of God; and by faith in Him we learn to love God with all our heart, and our neighbour as ourselves. Now the love of God is far from all sin, [289] and love to the neighbour worketh no ill to the neighbour. (Cf. Rom xiii. 10) Wherefore also we need not the Law as a tutor. Behold, with the Father we speak, and in His presence we stand, being children in malice , [290] and grown strong in all righteousness and soberness. For no longer shall the Law say, Do not commit adultery, to him who has no desire at all for another's wife; and Thou shalt not kill, to him who has put away from himself all anger and enmity; (and) Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor's field or ox or ass, to those who have no care at all for earthly things, but store up the heavenly fruits: nor An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth, to him who counts no man his enemy, but all men his neighbors, and therefore cannot stretch out his hand at all for vengeance. It will not require tithes of him who consecrates all his possessions to God, [291] leaving father and mother and all his kindred, and following the Word of God. And there will be no command to remain idle for one day of rest, to him who perpetually keeps sabbath, [292] that is to say, who in the temple of God, which is man's body, does service to God, and in every hour works righteousness.
1 John 2:15 - Do not love the world or the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him.The Spirit of God never leads us into sin but is contrary to the the selfish desires of the flesh that result in sin (Galatians 5:16-17).
Galatians 5:16-17 - I say then: Walk in the Spirit, and you shall not fulfil the lust of the flesh. For the flesh lusts against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh; and these are contrary to one another, so that you do not do the things that you wish.Practically it just means walking with a clear conscience always and keeping a pure heart before God, resisting temptation and in short - loving him.
1 Tim 1:5 - The aim of our charge is love that issues from a pure heart and a good conscience and a sincere faith.Praying and study scripture frequently are means by which we can relate to God, as our salvation is primarily relational not transactional. Viewing salvation as transactional is what leads to the majority of these errors I am addressing. Love (goodwill) fulfils the command of righteousness before God. Jesus said in John 15, apart from Him we can do nothing but if we abide in Him we will bare much fruit.
John 15:4-5 - Abide in Me, and I in you. As the branch cannot bear fruit of itself, unless it abides in the vine, neither can you, unless you abide in Me. I am the vine, you are the branches. He who abides in Me, and I in him, bears much fruit; for without Me you can do nothing.Love obeys all the teachings of Jesus, and these are not hard teachings to those indwelt by the Spirit of God (1 John 5).
1 John 5:3 - For this is the love of God, that we keep His commandments. And His commandments are not burdensome.
C) Relationship to The World Errors
5. Asceticism: This error promotes extreme self-denial and the rejection of worldly pleasures as a means to attain righteousness, often leading to a legalistic and works-based approach to spirituality. It views pleasure as intrinsically evil.6. Hedonism: This error elevates the pursuit of pleasure as the highest good, neglecting the importance of self-control, self-sacrifice for others, and the pursuit of holiness.
The biblical perspective that balances these errors is that Christians should receive God's earthly gifts with gratitude and exercise self-control, preferring others above themselves
Philippians 4:11-13 - Not that I am speaking of being in need, for I have learned in whatever situation I am to be content. I know how to be brought low, and I know how to abound. In any and every circumstance, I have learned the secret of facing plenty and hunger, abundance and need. I can do all things through him who strengthens me.Believers are called to live lives of holiness and devotion to God, not indulging in sinful pleasures
Romans 12:10 - Love one another with brotherly affection. Outdo one another in showing honor.
1 Peter 1:14-16 As obedient children, do not be conformed to the passions of your former ignorance, but as he who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, since it is written, "You shall be holy, for I am holy."At the same time, they should not embrace extreme asceticism, which can lead to pride and a false sense of righteousness
Titus 2:11-12 For the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation for all people, training us to renounce ungodliness and worldly passions, and to live self-controlled, upright, and godly lives in the present age,
Colossians 2:20-23 - If with Christ you died to the elemental spirits of the world, why, as if you were still alive in the world, do you submit to regulations— "Do not handle, Do not taste, Do not touch" (referring to things that all perish as they are used)—according to human precepts and teachings? These have indeed an appearance of wisdom in promoting self-made religion and asceticism and severity to the body, but they are of no value in stopping the indulgence of the flesh.God's earthly gifts, when enjoyed with gratitude and moderation, are not inherently evil but are meant to be received with thanksgiving
1 Timothy 4:4 - For everything created by God is good, and nothing is to be rejected if it is received with thanksgiving,
D) Relationship to Sin & Righteousness Errors
7. Mistakelessness:This error ignores the ongoing reality of the struggle against temptation and the need for vigilance in the life of a believer, claiming that a true believer is incapable of making mistakes or succumbing to temptation and sinning. This error neglects the need for mercy and patience amongst Christians as they grow in maturity in Christ. While believers might occasionally stumble (James 3:2), it's crucial to distinguish between temporary setbacks and a lifestyle of persistent, unrepentant sin.
James 3:2 - For we all stumble in many ways. And if anyone does not stumble in what he says, he is a perfect man, able also to bridle his whole body.Stumbling is easy as a human, but if we can exercise self control in speech (by the Spirit) we can be complete and fully trained like Jesus, for He to became human:
Luke 6:40 - A disciple is not above his teacher, but everyone when he is fully trained will be like his teacher.Through the transformative power of the Holy Spirit, believers can experience victory over sin and become like Christ in this world (Luke 6:40) but we still may make mistakes.
1 John 3:7 - Little children, let no one deceive you. Whoever practices righteousness is righteous, as he is righteous.If stumbling occurs, it should be met with repentance, seeking forgiveness, and learning from one's mistakes - changing how one lives.
1 John 3:24 - Whoever keeps his commandments abides in God, and God in him. And by this we know that he abides in us, by the Spirit whom he has given us.
1 John 4:17 - By this is love perfected with us, so that we may have confidence for the day of judgment, because as he is so also are we in this world.
By emphasizing the power of God's grace and the possibility of Christlikeness, we embrace a balanced perspective that acknowledges the struggle against temptation while affirming God's power to enable believers to live lives pleasing to Him, avoiding the extremes of believing that Christians are either incapable of sinning or that sin is inevitable.
8. Inevitability of sin:
This error denies the transformative power of the Holy Spirit and the ability of believers to live a life pleasing to God, asserting that loving obedience is impossible and sin is inevitable, even after conversion. Those who hold to this error might say things like, 'We will never be sinless in this life,' or 'we sin in thought, word and deed every day' or 'our righteousness is filthy rags' which suggests that believers are doomed to a life of continuous sin and fails to recognize the transformative power of abiding in Christ and walking by the Spirit. It also denies the fruit of the Spirit in ones life is the actual righteousness of God, not ones own and it isn't filthy rags. John 15 says God is pleased by this fruit and we prove to be Christs disciples by abiding in Him and doing His works.
This is the most dominant error amongst believers so I will spend more time unpacking this one. It is rooted in the traditions and novel interpretations of some prominent protestant reformers and not the new testament, or the early church fathers witness.
Those who hold to this error often cite 1 John 1:8 as evidence for their position, which states,
1 John 1:8 - If we say we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and the truth is not in us.However, this verse must be understood in its proper context. In 1 John 1:8, John is addressing the false teaching that denies the reality of sin and the need for a Savior
1 John 1:6 - If we say we have fellowship with him while we walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth.Referring to the Gnostic idea that the spiritual realm is entirely separate from the material realm and that one's actions in the physical world do not affect one's spiritual standing. John is not suggesting that believers are doomed to a life of continuous sin.
1 John 1:10 - If we say we have not sinned, we make him a liar, and his word is not in us.
In fact, just a few verses later, John writes,
1 John 2:1a - My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin.indicating that the goal of the Christian life is to avoid sin, not to embrace its inevitability. He goes on to say,
1 John 2:1b - But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous.acknowledging that while believers may still stumble, they have the provision of Christ's forgiveness and advocacy if they do.
Furthermore, throughout his epistle, John emphasizes the transformative power of God's love and the believer's union with Christ
1 John 3:6 - No one who abides in him keeps on sinning; no one who keeps on sinning has either seen him or known him.which enables them to overcome sin and live a life of obedience. This aligns with the broader New Testament teaching that believers have been set free from the dominion of sin and can live a life pleasing to God through the power of the Holy Spirit
1 John 3:9 - No one born of God makes a practice of sinning, for God's seed abides in him; and he cannot keep on sinning, because he has been born of God.
1 John 5:18 - We know that everyone who has been born of God does not keep on sinning, but he who was born of God protects him, and the evil one does not touch him.
Romans 6:11-14 - So you also must consider yourselves dead to sin and alive to God in Christ Jesus. Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, to make you obey its passions. Do not present your members to sin as instruments for unrighteousness, but present yourselves to God as those who have been brought from death to life, and your members to God as instruments for righteousness. For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.Thus, the error of the inevitability of sin is based on a misinterpretation of 1 John 1:8 and fails to account for the overall message of 1 John and the broader New Testament teaching on the transformative power of God's grace in the life of a believer. It also opposes the earliest extra biblical witnesses on the issue, the very disciples of the disciples.
Galatians 5:16 - But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not gratify the desires of the flesh.
Here are some quotations from the disciples of the disciples to prove my point:
Ignatius to the Ephesians 14:2 (1st century Bishop and martyr, direct disciple of the apostle John)Irenaeus (130-200AD, bishop and disciple of Polycarp who was a disciple of the apostle John):
2 No man professing faith sins, and no man possessing love hates. The tree is manifest from its fruit; so they that profess to be Christ’s will be seen through their actions. For the work is not a thing of profession now, but is seen then when one is found in the power of faith to the end.
Polycarp to the Philippians 3:1-3 (1st century Bishop and another martyr, another direct disciple of the apostle John) These things, brothers, I write to you concerning righteousness, not at my own instance, but because you first invited me. 2 For neither am I, nor is any other like me, able to follow the wisdom of the blessed and glorious Paul, who when he was among you in the presence of the men of that time accurately and steadfastly taught the word of truth, and also when he was absent wrote letters to you, from the study of which you will be able to build yourselves up into the faith given to you, 3 “which is the mother of us all” when faith follows, and love of God, and Christ, and neighbor goes before. For if one is in this company, he has fulfilled the command of righteousness, for he who has love is far from all sin.
A Demonstration of the Apostolic Preaching
Chp86 And that not by the much speaking of the law, but by the brevity of faith and love, men were to be saved, Isaiah says thus: A word brief and short in righteousness: for a short word will God make in the whole world. (Cf. Isa. x. 23) And therefore the apostle Paul says: Love is the fulfilling of the law: for he who loves God has fulfilled the law. Moreover the Lord, when He was asked which is the first commandment, said: Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart and with all thy strength. [270] And the second is like unto it: Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. On these two commandments, He says, all the hangeth and the prophets. So then by our faith in Him He has made our love to God and our neighbour to grow, making us godly and righteous and good. And therefore a short word has God made on the earth in the world.
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The balanced biblical view is that loving obedience is possible through the power of the Holy Spirit, but temptation remains a reality that believers must resistPhilippians 2:12-13 - Therefore, my beloved, as you have always obeyed, so now, not only as in my presence but much more in my absence, work out your own salvation with fear and trembling, for it is God who works in you, both to will and to work for his good pleasure.The New Testament teaches that believers have been set free from the dominion of sin and can live a life of righteousness through Christ and will never be tempted beyond what they can bare.
1 Corinthians 10:13 No temptation has overtaken you that is not common to man. God is faithful, and he will not let you be tempted beyond your ability, but with the temptation he will also provide the way of escape, that you may be able to endure it.However, it also acknowledges the ongoing fight against temptation and the possibility of making mistakes, emphasizing the need for repentance if one stumbles and reliance on God's grace
Romans 6:11-14 So you also must consider yourselves dead to sin and alive to God in Christ Jesus. Let not sin therefore reign in your mortal body, to make you obey its passions. Do not present your members to sin as instruments for unrighteousness, but present yourselves to God as those who have been brought from death to life, and your members to God as instruments for righteousness. For sin will have no dominion over you, since you are not under law but under grace.
1 John 2:1 - My little children, I am writing these things to you so that you may not sin. But if anyone does sin, we have an advocate with the Father, Jesus Christ the righteous.Importantly, the Bible warns that believers will be judged according to their deeds
Romans 2:6-11 - He will render to each one according to his works: to those who by patience in well-doing seek for glory and honor and immortality, he will give eternal life; but for those who are self-seeking and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, there will be wrath and fury. There will be tribulation and distress for every human being who does evil, the Jew first and also the Greek, but glory and honor and peace for everyone who does good, the Jew first and also the Greek. For God shows no partiality.and will have to give an account for their lives, including both their sins and their righteousness
2 Corinthians 5:10 - For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may receive what is due for what he has done in the body, whether good or evil.This truth should motivate Christians to take their sanctification seriously and strive to live a life that is pleasing to God. The New Testament also warns that those who persistently live according to the flesh, even if they profess faith, will face condemnation
Romans 8:13 For if you live according to the flesh you will die, but if by the Spirit you put to death the deeds of the body, you will live.While salvation is by grace through faith alone, these warnings underscore the importance of living out one's faith through obedience and good deeds, demonstrating the reality of one's transformation in Christ.
Galatians 6:7-8 Do not be deceived: God is not mocked, for whatever one sows, that will he also reap. For the one who sows to his own flesh will from the flesh reap corruption, but the one who sows to the Spirit will from the Spirit reap eternal life.
Hebrews 10:26-31 For if we go on sinning deliberately after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, but a fearful expectation of judgment, and a fury of fire that will consume the adversaries. Anyone who has set aside the law of Moses dies without mercy on the evidence of two or three witnesses. How much worse punishment, do you think, will be deserved by the one who has trampled underfoot the Son of God, and has profaned the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has outraged the Spirit of grace? For we know him who said, “Vengeance is mine; I will repay.” And again, “The Lord will judge his people.” It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.
Remember, love is the opposite of sin. Sin the opposite of love. We cannot walk and abide in love and sin. Nor can we abide in sin and profess to love God. They are polar opposites. You walk in one or the other, light or darkness. Whoever abides in love abides in God and God in Him. This is how we can assure our hearts before Him, because as He is so are we in this world. Focus on the positive - love, not on sin aversion.
1 John 1: 5-7 This is the message we have heard from him and proclaim to you, that God is light, and in him is no darkness at all. If we say we have fellowship with him while we walk in darkness, we lie and do not practice the truth. But if we walk in the light, as he is in the light, we have fellowship with one another, and the blood of Jesus his Son cleanses us from all sin.
1 John 4:12-18 No one has ever seen God; if we love one another, God abides in us and his love is perfected in us. By this we know that we abide in him and he in us, because he has given us of his Spirit. And we have seen and testify that the Father has sent his Son to be the Savior of the world. Whoever confesses that Jesus is the Son of God, God abides in him, and he in God. So we have come to know and to believe the love that God has for us. God is love, and whoever abides in love abides in God, and God abides in him. By this is love perfected with us, so that we may have confidence for the day of judgment, because as he is so also are we in this world. There is no fear in love, but perfect love casts out fear. For fear has to do with punishment, and whoever fears has not been perfected in love.
Summary
In summary, the balanced biblical perspective on Christian doctrine can be encapsulated by the phrase "faith working through love," as stated by Paul inGalatians 5:6 - For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision counts for anything, but only faith working through love.This concise expression captures the essential relationship between faith, works, and the transformative power of God's love in the life of a believer. It effectively addresses the various errors discussed, emphasizing that genuine faith in Christ will naturally express itself through love for God and others, leading to a life of obedience and good works. By understanding and embracing this principle, Christians can develop a more accurate and balanced understanding of their faith, rooted in the teachings of the New Testament and the ante-Nicene Church Fathers.