Ajit jalandhar

As many of you might know about the protests that took place in Desh Bhagat University(nursing college) Punjab, the government has ordered to shut down the nursing college and ordered the migration of the students.( please continue in body text)

2023.10.15 03:08 Johnny__069 As many of you might know about the protests that took place in Desh Bhagat University(nursing college) Punjab, the government has ordered to shut down the nursing college and ordered the migration of the students.( please continue in body text)

As many of you might know about the protests that took place in Desh Bhagat University(nursing college) Punjab, the government has ordered to shut down the nursing college and ordered the migration of the students.( please continue in body text)
I am the student of Bsc Nursing 3rd year and have been told to select from the colleges that are mentioned in this list. Can you guys be kind and go through the list and check if you have anyone (relative or friend) working or studying in these colleges, so I can contact them and ask about the college and college life, please guys MY FUTURE DEPENDS ON THIS ( please give first preference to colleges of Mohali and Amritsar as there is an airport in both cities, i'm an outside state student)
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2023.10.14 17:16 Johnny__069 As many of you might know about the protests that took place in Desh Bhagat University(nursing college) Punjab, the government has ordered to shut down the nursing college and ordered the migration of the students.( please continue in body text)

As many of you might know about the protests that took place in Desh Bhagat University(nursing college) Punjab, the government has ordered to shut down the nursing college and ordered the migration of the students.( please continue in body text)
I am the student of Bsc Nursing 3rd year and have been told to select from the colleges that are mentioned in this list. Can you guys be kind and go through the list and check if you have anyone (relative or friend) working or studying in these colleges, so I can contact them and ask about the college and college life, please guys MY FUTURE DEPENDS ON THIS ( please give first preference to colleges of Mohali and Amritsar as there is an airport in both cities, i'm an outside state student)
My top picks- 1.Guru Gobind singh con burnala 2.Silver oaks mohali 3. SV memorial college of nursing Amritsar 4. Mother Mary IOF Hoshiarpur
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2023.10.14 17:06 Johnny__069 As many of you might know about the protests that took place in Desh Bhagat University(nursing college) Punjab, the government has ordered to shut down the nursing college and ordered the migration of the students.( please continue in body text)

As many of you might know about the protests that took place in Desh Bhagat University(nursing college) Punjab, the government has ordered to shut down the nursing college and ordered the migration of the students.( please continue in body text)
I am the student of Bsc Nursing 3rd year and have been told to select from the colleges that are mentioned in this list. Can you guys be kind and go through the list and check if you have anyone (relative or friend) working or studying in these colleges, so I can contact them and ask about the college and college life, please guys MY FUTURE DEPENDS ON THIS ( please give first preference to colleges of Mohali and Amritsar as there is an airport in both cities, i'm an outside state student)
My top picks- 1.Guru Gobind singh con burnala 2.Silver oaks mohali 3. SV memorial college of nursing Amritsar 4. Mother Mary IOF Hoshiarpur
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2023.10.14 16:37 Johnny__069 As many of you might know about the protests that took place in Desh Bhagat University(nursing college) Punjab, the government has ordered to shut down the nursing college and ordered the migration of the students.( please continue in body text)

I am the student of Bsc Nursing 3rd year and have been told to select from the colleges that are mentioned in this list. Can you guys be kind enough and go through the list and check if you have anyone (relative or friend) working or studying in these colleges, so I can contact them and ask about the college and college life, please guys MY FUTURE DEPENDS ON THIS ( please give first preferance to colleges of Mohali and Amritsar as there is an airport in both cities, i'm an outside state student) My top picks- 1.Guru Gobind singh con burnala 2.Silver oaks mohali 3. SV memorial college of nursing Amritsar 4. Mother Mary IOF Hoshiarpur
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2023.08.12 18:38 singh24_ Baba Gurbachan Singh Ji Manochahal’s vision of a “Government of Khalistan”

Baba Gurbachan Singh Ji Manochahal’s vision of a “Government of Khalistan”
I don’t necessarily agree or disagree, I just found the statement interesting.
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2022.06.03 03:38 concernedpunjabi Who is Lawrence Bishnoi and SOPU? - Not a Gangster, but a Worthless Career Criminal

Articles Regarding Lawrence Bishnoi
"PUSU President in DAV College Sukhjit Singh alleged that the attackers included SOPU representatives Lawrence Bishnoi, Amandeep Singh Multani, Robin Brar (PUCSC President), Vicky Midhukhera and Rashpal Singh other SOPU leaders. "Preliminary investigations show that there were eight rounds of firing. The attackers are habitual offenders. We have recorded the statements of the eyewitnesses and identified the miscreants. We hope to arrest them by late tonight," said an official. A case of attempt to murder and criminal conspiracy has been registered against nearly 20 students at the Sector 3 police station." Story Link 1
"The arrested SOPU leader, Bishnoi, a BA-II student of DAV College, Sector 10, has been actively involved in cases of carjacking and extortion in his home town Ferozepur." Story Link 2
"Bishnoi was one of the four dacoity accused who allegedly snatched a Safari car (PB 05 S 0086) from a financier in Talwandi Bah village (Ferozepur district) on March 9 this year and later demanded Rs 6 lakh from him. Ajit Sharma, the complainant, was allegedly threatened by Lawrence and three of his associates after he had refused to pay them extortion money. While the police recovered his Safari car earlier this month, Lawrence along with Happy Deoda, set the car afire at his residence in Ferozpur on July 19 this year. Moreover, the complainant’s son Kamaljeet was also allegedly shot at by the accused on July 14 and an attempt to murder case was also registered against the accused, including Bishnoi." Story Link 2
"Jumped bail in two cases, which involved assaulting a student in DAV College (registered February 2011) and an attempt to murder case (registered at the Sector 11 police station last year)" Story Link 2
"June 29: Attacked PUSU president Guri Brar and Harpreet Grewal in Sector 40""Arrested with five live cartridges and .5 bore pistol from DAV College on Friday" Story Link 2
"I have been harassed, threatened and attacked by Lawrence and his associates, including Amandeep Deora, repeatedly in Ferozpur after I refused to pay them extortion money. They first snatched my car at gunpoint, set it ablaze after it was recovered, and also fired at my son. They also threatened former Ferozepur SSP Katsav Sharma on phone and was on the run ever since." Story Link 2
"The video footage shows that about 2pm on July 2, Pinky and his gunman came to the joint and sat with Bishnoi and his police escorts for food. Jalandhar deputy commissioner of police (DCP) Rajinder Singh said sub-inspector Bhupinder Singh and constables Jatinder Kumar and Shiv Kumar, who had taken Bishnoi to Chandigarh, had been suspended for taking a prisoner into a public restaurant. "We have marked a departmental inquiry against them," he said." Story Link 3
"A former SOPU (Student Organisation of Panjab University) leader who graduated from student clashes in Chandigarh to carjacking and extortion in his hometown, Ferozepur" Story Link 3
"Aged 25; former student of DAV College, Sector 10; son of a farmer""Said to be close to gangster Amandeep "Happy Deora", a wanted dacoit""Had escaped police custody while being produced in an SAS Nagar court in January, was rearrested in March." Story Link 3
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Members
- Lawrence Bishnoi
- Sumit Bishnoi
- Sachin Bishnoi
- Goldy Brar
- Gurlal Brar*
- Vicky Middukhera*
- Ajaypal Middukhera
- Golchi Thind
- Mandeep Singh
- Rana Grewal
- Sampat Nehra
- Herry
- Rajat Cheema
- Chanpreet Rao
- Manveer Jodhan
- Inderpreet Singh Parry
- Sanjay Sinhmar
- Harsh Bajwa
- Manna Sekhon
- Karmbir Singh
​
*Dead
​
Mankirat Aulakh Links to Lawrence Bishnoi / Vicky Middukhera
- 2014 Ropar Jail Performance for Lawrence Bishnoi:
- Performance at Vicky Middukhera Marriage: Link 1
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Connections to Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD): Sukhbir Singh Badal / Vicky Middukhera:
"For a long time, Middukhera was a member of SOPU but later he switched to Student Organisation of India (SOI), which is supported by Youth Akali Dal. Senior Akali Dal leader Sukhbir Singh Badal, had handpicked him as Chandigarh president of the SOI. " Story Link 1
"Middukhera had no criminal background except for an FIR registered at Sector 39 police station in Chandigarh in October, 2020 mentioning his name as a member of Lawrence Bishnoi gang active in Tricity. The FIR alleged that he used to provide logistics support to gang members. " Story Link 1
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Vicky Middukhera Murder & Davinder Bambiha Group Link:
"The Davinder Bambhia’s group through a Facebook post took responsibility for the murder of Youth Akali Dal leader Vicky Middukhera, who was gunned down in broad daylight today near Mataur market in Mohali." Story Link 1
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Vicky Middukhera & Lawrence Bishnoi Group Link:
Lawrence Bishnoi was announced as SOPU president with Vicky Middukhera standing beside him: Video Link 1
"Hours after the murder on Saturday, the rival Davinder Bambiha gang had taken responsibility for the attack in a Facebook post. It claimed that Vicky was killed as he was allegedly acting as an “informer” for the Bishnoi gang. On Sunday, a Facebook page purportedly run by the Bishnoi gang posted a message, pledging to take revenge for Vicky’s death. The post in Hindi says that Vicky Middukhera was “our brother and had nothing to do with criminal activities” " Story Link 2
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Vicky Middukhera Murder & Shagunpreet Singh (one of Sidhu's Manager) Link:
"A Punjabi singer’s manager, Shagunpreet Singh, has been named in the FIR and the police have issued a lookout notice for him. The police suspect he had fled to Australia. According to the police, Shagunpreet had picked three sharpshooters in a car from near Gurdwara Singh Shaheedan and arranged their stay in a flat at Jalvayu Vihar in Kharar on August 6 last year. " Story Link 1
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Wrongly Blaming Sidhu Moosewala for Involvement Vicky Middukhera's Murder: Ajaypal Middukhera to Blame
"In the letter, Ajay Pal has stated, “Shagan Preet is the person, who is closely associated with the aforesaid shooters, he has provided every possible aid to the shooters including food, residence and even informed about the whereabouts of my brother Vicky and even showed the photographs of Vicky and our house, one day prior to the murder of my brother and Shaganpreet along-with all shooters did a recce of our house in Sector 71 Mohali... Shaganpreet himself never came forward to give any explanation regarding the confession made by all the three shooters arrested by Delhi Police in which the name of Shaganpreet has come out. So the custodial interrogation of the aforesaid Shaganpreet is very much required. Therefore I humbly request you to call upon Sidhu Moosewala and others, to ascertain the whereabouts of Shagan Preet Singh and also to verify whether Sidhu Moosewala and others were involved in the said murder. " (Story Link 1)
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2021.11.11 10:50 Tight_Cantaloupe_617 ACTIVITIES THAT CAN BOOST THE THINKING CAPABILITIES OF CHILDREN

ACTIVITIES THAT CAN BOOST THE THINKING CAPABILITIES OF CHILDREN
We can use thinking routines to teach students to make their ideas visible and accessible. It can be done by using a variety of graphics that help structure ideation and reasoning. They are very simple to use yet very impactful. Parents support the development of thinking routines at home because one of the benefits for parents in using visible thinking routines is that they can see learning through the eyes of children.
Let us discuss some of the good Thinking Routines that you can use at your home along with the classrooms of your kid. Here, we are mentioning some activities that you can organize for your child at home often. These activities are common at any preschool if your child is enrolled at a Play School in Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar then you must be aware of many of them.
https://preview.redd.it/83l652vwqxy71.jpg?width=741&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=c6f11d7af1a162e8c8f6be9ed227724b05fa1615
See Think Wonder
It is very simple, when students see something, they start to think about that and wonder about the process related to it. The curiosity in children can be ignited by using a simple object, picture, video, or artwork. This works as a great introductory thinking routine. After showing something related to the subject or lesson to the children, you can ask them to write down and share their observations with you. They will then decide what they think about their observations of what is happening or being represented? You have to encourage the child to support their thinking with reasons and also prompt them to wonder what else might be happening or have happened within or outside the shown stuff.
Peel the Fruit
In Peel the Fruit thinking routine, children are encouraged to ‘peel’ back the layers of the issue. They then move on to the substance of the deeper issue until finally, you ask them to evaluate the issue at the core. A variety of statements, images, and questions can be shared with the students throughout a lesson. They can be consistently asked to return to the ‘Peel the Fruit’ image to assist them with showing their learning and understanding any complex issue. Once they are done with the complete task, you can ask them to graph their answer to the original question and reflect on any changes to their original opinion. Such activities are arranged for the brainstorming of kids. Every Preschool in Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar conducts such routines for the thinking skills of children.
Question Organizer
Question Organizer thinking routine is a visual information organizer with spaces for questions such as when, why, who, where, and how. For example, you can teach the students Celebrations and Commemorations from History subject that focuses on cultural celebrations and commemorations around the world. You can divide children into small groups and each group member chooses a different celebration or commemoration to research.
Three-Two-One Bridge Organizer
The three-two-one bridge organizer thinking routine is used to record initial thoughts, ideas, questions, and understandings about a given concept. Once you have taught the concept or shown a video to the children, you can ask them to rethink their initial opinions after learning more about the topic. The objective is to build bridges between ideas when new information is obtained. You have to make children focus on the idea of understanding and connecting their thinking and ideas.
Kids Schools adopt such teaching methods and make children better at their thinking. You can witness the technique at any Nursery School in Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar and use it for your child.
Six Thinking Hats
In six thinking hats, students are expected to look at things from different points of view. It helps them develop decision-making and creativity in the thinking skills of students. They can put on a hat to see things from a different point of view. It can be different colored hats to make it more engaging. Parents need to tell kids that they need to think in different ways with each hat on.
Think Pair Share
In a think pair share thinking routine, students are suggested to think about a question and discuss their answer with a partner. This is a very simple routine that can be practiced daily in a classroom or even at home with some kids. It can be utilized whenever there are posing questions that might require deep thinking. Teachers use this activity to boost the confidence and thinking of children in a group. You should take your child to a Nursery School in Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar if you haven’t done it yet.
Venn Diagram
We all are aware of Venn diagrams. These are used to compare two or more things and to depict both their similarities and differences. A Venn diagram is usually made up of two or more circles or figures that overlap. In the outer circles, the differences are recorded and within the overlapping section, the similarities are recorded. By using this routine, you can ask the students to compare and contrast ideas for a greater understanding.
Read more at
  1. Play School in Jalandhar
  2. Play School in Ludhiana
  3. Play School in Mansa
  4. Play School in Moga
  5. Play School in Mohali
  6. Play School in Muktsar
  7. Play School in Pathankot
  8. Play School in Patiala
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2020.01.07 06:09 rajmangalpublishers Rajmangal Publishers Hindi Book Publishers in Amritsar Barnala Bathinda Faridkot Fatehgarh Sahib

Rajmangal Publishers Hindi Book Publishers in Amritsar Barnala Bathinda Faridkot Fatehgarh Sahib
Rajmangal Prakashan, Hindi Book Publishers in Firozpur Fazilka Gurdaspur Hoshiarpur Jalandhar Kapurthala Ludhiana Mansa Moga Sri Muktsar Sahib Pathankot Patiala Rupnagar Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar Sangrur Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar Taran Taran, India.
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जल्द आ रही हैं, युवा हिन्दी लेखिका सिम्मी गुप्ता अपनी नई किताब (उपन्यास) उस रात की छाप के साथ.
कनाडा में रह रहीं, भारत की युवा हिन्दी लेखिका सिम्मी गुप्ता का जन्म एक सिख परिवार में हुआ था और शादी एक हिन्दू परिवार में। सिम्मी जी की ज़िन्दगी का ये पहलू भी किसी रोमांचक कहानी से कम नहीं है। सिम्मी जी ने जीव विज्ञान से स्नातक(B.Sc) किया है। शादी के बाद अपने पति के साथ अनेक देशों में रहीं और 2013 में कनाडा आकर बस गयीं। शुरूआती समय कठिन संघर्षों भरा रहा। सिम्मी की उन्हीं दिनों एक बेटी की माँ भी बन चुकीं थीं। वहाँ सिम्मी जी ने आगे की शिक्षा हासिल की और सरकारी नौकरी हासिल कर ली। किन्तु पारिवारिक ज़िम्मेदारियों के चलते कुछ समय बाद यह सरकारी नौकरी छोड़ दी। अब एक गृहणी के तौर पर पूरे परिवार को सम्हालने की ज़िम्मेदारी के साथ-साथ लिखना भी शुरू कर दिया था। सिम्मी जी हिन्दी के साथ-साथ अंग्रेज़ी और पंजाबी में भी बखूबी लिखती हैं। यही नहीं, इन्हें पाक कला और किताबें पढ़ने के साथ-साथ कई भारतीय पारंपरिक नृत्यों का भी ख़ूब ज्ञान है। --
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https://preview.redd.it/xfg70861ia941.jpg?width=1200&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=98fbcdca1d3bac553e34eed924c6395e7ddd5b6d
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2019.12.14 06:25 rajmangalpublishers Rajmangal Publishers Hindi Book Publishers in Amritsar Barnala Bathinda Faridkot Fatehgarh Sahib Firozpur

Rajmangal Publishers Hindi Book Publishers in Amritsar Barnala Bathinda Faridkot Fatehgarh Sahib Firozpur
Rajmangal Prakashan, Hindi Book Publishers in Fazilka Gurdaspur Hoshiarpur Jalandhar Kapurthala Ludhiana Mansa Moga Sri Muktsar Sahib Pathankot Patiala Rupnagar Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar Sangrur Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar Taran Taran, India.
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जल्द आ रहे हैं, वरिष्ठ हिन्दी साहित्यकार रमेश कुमार ‘संतोष’ अपनी नई किताब (उपन्यास) "स्थिर-अस्थिर" के साथ. पंजाब के प्रतिष्ठित हिन्दी साहित्यकार संतोष जी अमृतसर, पंजाब से ताल्लुक रखते हैं। संतोष जी की ज़िन्दगी का अधिकांश हिस्सा कपड़ा मिलों में मुलाज़मत करते हुए गुज़रा है। ज़िन्दगी के इस हिस्से को संतोष जी कभी दिल से निकाल न सके। इसी का परिणाम था कि अमृतसर के बाज़ारों, दरवाज़ों, सड़कों, पार्कों और गली-कूँचों का महीन चित्रण हमेशा इनकी कहानियों-क़िस्सों का हिस्सा रहा है। संतोष जी के पाठक इन्हें ज़मीन से जुड़ा कथाकार मानते हैं। कपड़ा मिलों में मुलाज़मत करते हुए संतोष जी ने श्रमिकों के संघर्ष और संवेदनाओं को अपनी कहानी-क़िस्सों का हिस्सा बनाया। ७० के दशक से साहित्य सृजन का यह सिलसिला आज भी निरंतर ज़ारी है। इनकी कई कहानियाँ पाठकों के दिल पर अमिट छाप छोड़ चुकी हैं। लेखन की शुरुआत कच्ची उम्र में लिखे गये उपन्यास ‘माँ’ से हुई। ततपश्चात् ‘अंतहीन’ नामक कहानी संग्रह भी प्रकाशित हुआ। अमृतसर से प्रकाशित लघु पत्रिका ‘बरोह’ के लघुकथा अंक के अतिथि संपादक के रूप में संतोष जी को आज भी जाना जाता है।
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https://preview.redd.it/z23eclsxaj441.jpg?width=1200&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=e70474047590a63ef3f4e3c3560da9cd3e759b48
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2019.12.04 06:31 ptcnewspun ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਗਾਇਕ ਹੰਸ ਰਾਜ ਹੰਸ ਤੇ ਯੁਵਰਾਜ ਹੰਸ ਨੂੰ ਲੱਗਾ ਗਹਿਰਾ ਸਦਮਾ ,ਵਾਪਰਿਆ ਇਹ ਭਾਣਾ

ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਗਾਇਕ ਅਤੇ ਦਿੱਲੀ ਦੇ ਉੱਤਰੀ-ਪੱਛਮੀ ਹਲਕੇ ਤੋਂ ਭਾਜਪਾ ਦੇ ਸੰਸਦ ਮੈਂਬਰ ਹੰਸ ਰਾਜ ਹੰਸ ਅਤੇ ਯੁਵਰਾਜ ਹੰਸ ਨੂੰ ਗਹਿਰਾ ਸਦਮਾ ਹੈ। https://www.ptcnews.tv/punjabi-singer-hansraj-hans-mother-smt-ajit-kaur-expired-today-at-jalandha
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2019.11.23 08:15 financebazaar Cheapest Firm Registration Services Provider in Punjab

Cheapest Firm Registration Services Provider in Punjab

Do you want Company Registration in Punjab, and then this is the exact location for you. There are a lots of types of business entity, which you can register in Punjab, like Nidhi Company, NGO, Private Limited Firm, LLP, Section 8 Company, Limited Company, OPC Pvt Ltd Company, Sole Proprietor, Producer Company, Partnership Firm, etc. Punjab is one of the fastest growing State of Punjab and there are so many clients in Punjab who has incorporated Business by FinanceBazaar.com. Today FBAZAAR is the one of the Best Business incorporation service provider in Punjab, you can also visit Finance Bazaar feedback on Google. As you know Punjab is one of the quickly growing state in India where you can do your business extremely well. Firm establishment in Punjab is not an simple process for each and every one, because there are so many formalities that you must to follow and there are a lots of legal documentations that you must need to filled for whole Company formation. But you have not to stress about anything, because FBAZAAR is doing online Business formation service in Punjab which client don't need to do anything. you have to submit just papers and Gov Fees and we will take care of all. Basically Company establishment process takes 7 to 10 working days that every thing depend on your cooperation.

In this blog you will get Each and Every solution concerning Online Company Registration Service in Punjab

What FinanceBazaar.com will provide

Listed as follows details want for Business enrollment in Punjab

Documents Need for Company incorporation in Punjab

These are some following papers that you need to give for Firm registration in Punjab:

Fees for Company formation in Punjab

Company Registration Fees in Punjab is approximatively Rs 6999/- (Six Thousand Nine Hundred Ninety Nine Rupees Only/-), but it can vary as per your condition. If we discuss about fee structure, then at the beginning 1000 rupees send to the Gov for Company name application and you have two opportunities for your Business name reservation, if your Business name is uncommon, then it can be approved in first try. If two times your Company name has disallowed, then you required to pay 1000 rupees once again to the Gov for again apply other name registration. After Business name certification you need to pay Gov registration duty that can be fluctuate as per your Authorized capital or state rules. Each and Every states have separate rules even Punjab about registration charges for Business enrollment. If you want two directors in your Firm, then around 500 Rupees Each director Fees for DSC Token, if directors will increase, then the DSC (Digital Signature Certificate) Charges will also increase consequently. PAN & TAN Fees also collect by Government that will not be vary. And lastly our registration fees includes for doing and preparing all documents, documentations and other things.

FinanceBazaar offer Following services in Punjab

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2019.07.23 11:41 pro_crasSn8r All 295 men to play Test Cricket for India sorted by their birthplace

All 295 men to play Test Cricket for India sorted by their birthplace
Inspired by u/Hrwrx 's posts, I decided to have a look at where all the 295 male Indian Test cricketers were born. There was a nice Scroll article which goes into more details on this, but it lacked what we all like - Maps!
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I used data from Wikipedia and cricinfo to compile this list. The maps were created using https://www.mapcustomizer.com/ . I admit that it is not the best tool for the job, but it is handy to create maps like these because, a) it allows unlimited map plots & b) you can plot locations and addresses, you don't need coordinates. (If someone has a betteeasier idea to plot these, I can use it too).
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So, first, where were all 295 men born?
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Birthplaces of all Indian test cricketers - World Map
Robin Singh (Born in Trinidad & Tobago), Ashok Gandotra (Born in Rio, Brazil) & Lall Singh (Born in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) are to blame for this ultra-zoomed out world map.
So let's ignore them and focus only on the Indian subcontinent:
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Birthplaces of Indian Test cricketers - Indian subcontinent map
Salim Durani (Born in Kabul, Afghanistan) just about fits inside this map.
​
Again apologies for using mapcustomizer - the biggest downside of this online tool is that it does not cluster multiple plots on the same location together. As in, if I have say 44 people born in Mumbai, it only shows as one pointer in the map. The number on the pointer is the Test cap number of the player born there.
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So, now let's look at some statistics. As mentioned above, there have been a few players to don Indian colours who have been born outside the country. As expected, a majority of them were born in Pakistan before partition.
​
Country born in Number of Players
Pakistan 10
Bangladesh 2
Afghanistan 1
Brazil 1
Malaysia 1
Trinidad & Tobago 1
​
Other than the above, there have been 2 other players who were technically born on foreign soil. Ebrahim Maka (Born in Daman) & Dilip Sardesai (Born in Margao) were both Portuguese citizens by birth.
​
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Indian Test Players broken down by State (and Country) of Birth
Again, as expected, the majority of Indian test players have been from the state of Maharashtra (28%). A distant second is Gujarat (11%). If you add Chandigarh & Lahore to the mix, Punjab has a major share as well, especially in the early days of Indian cricket. Their share has dropped through the ages, largely being replaced by Karnataka & Tamil Nadu.
​
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Breakdown of Indian Test players by State
For the leading cities, Mumbai has produced 44 Test cricketers, Chennai 23, Delhi 18, Bangalore 12 & Hyderabad 9 to complete the top 5.
None of the north-eastern states, Sikkim, Jammu & Kashmir & Chhatisgarh have produced a Test player. Amongst UTs, only Chandigarh and Daman & Diu feature on the list.
​
Note: For any ambiguity in birth records, I have used Cricinfo/Wizden records. Some players do have different birth places mentioned in Wikipedia and cricinfo.
Full Database:
Cap No Name First Test Last Test Tests Birth City State / Country 1 Amar Singh 1932 1936 7 Rajkot Gujarat 2 Sorabji Colah 1932 1933 2 Mumbai Maharashtra 3 Jahangir Khan 1932 1936 4 Jalandhar Punjab 4 Lall Singh 1932 1932 1 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia 5 Naoomal Jeoomal 1932 1934 3 Karachi Pakistan 6 Janardan Navle 1932 1933 2 Pune Maharashtra 7 C. K. Nayudu 1932 1936 7 Nagpur Maharashtra 8 Nazir Ali 1932 1934 2 Jalandhar Punjab 9 Mohammad Nissar 1932 1936 6 Hoshiarpur Punjab 10 Phiroze Palia 1932 1936 2 Mumbai Maharashtra 11 Wazir Ali 1932 1936 7 Jalandhar Punjab 12 Lala Amarnath 1933 1952 24 Kapurthala Punjab 13 L. P. Jai 1933 1933 1 Mumbai Maharashtra 14 Rustomji Jamshedji 1933 1933 1 Mumbai Maharashtra 15 Vijay Merchant 1933 1951 10 Mumbai Maharashtra 16 Ladha Ramji 1933 1933 1 Padhar Gujarat 17 Dilawar Hussain 1934 1936 3 Lahore Pakistan 18 M. J. Gopalan 1934 1934 1 Chennai Tamil Nadu 19 Mushtaq Ali 1934 1952 11 Indore Madhya Pradesh 20 C. S. Nayudu 1934 1952 11 Nagpur Maharashtra 21 Yadavindra Singh 1934 1934 1 Patiala Punjab 22 Dattaram Hindlekar 1936 1946 4 Mumbai Maharashtra 23 Maharajkumar of Vizianagram 1936 1936 3 Varanasi Uttar Pradesh 24 Khershed Meherhomji 1936 1936 1 Mumbai Maharashtra 25 Cotah Ramaswami 1936 1936 2 Chennai Tamil Nadu 26 Baqa Jilani 1936 1936 1 Jalandhar Punjab 27 Gul Mohammad 1946 1952 8 Lahore Pakistan 28 Vijay Hazare 1946 1953 30 Sangli Maharashtra 29 Abdul Hafeez 1946 1946 3 Lahore Pakistan 30 Vinoo Mankad 1946 1959 44 Jamnagar Gujarat 31 Rusi Modi 1946 1952 10 Mumbai Maharashtra 32 Nawab of Pataudi Sr 1946 1946 3 Pataudi Haryana 33 Sadashiv Shinde 1946 1952 7 Mumbai Maharashtra 34 Chandu Sarwate 1946 1951 9 Sagar Madhya Pradesh 35 Ranga Sohoni 1946 1951 4 Nimbahera Rajasthan 36 Hemu Adhikari 1947 1959 21 Pune Maharashtra 37 Jenni Irani 1947 1947 2 Karachi Pakistan 38 Gogumal Kishenchand 1947 1952 5 Karachi Pakistan 39 Khandu Rangnekar 1947 1948 3 Mumbai Maharashtra 40 Amir Elahi 1947 1947 1 Lahore Pakistan 41 Dattu Phadkar 1947 1959 31 Kolhapur Maharashtra 42 Kanwar Rai Singh 1948 1948 1 Darkati Himachal Pradesh 43 Probir Sen 1948 1952 14 Comilla Bangladesh 44 C. R. Rangachari 1948 1948 4 Mamandur Tamil Nadu 45 Khanmohammad Ibrahim 1948 1949 4 Mumbai Maharashtra 46 Keki Tarapore 1948 1948 1 Mumbai Maharashtra 47 Polly Umrigar 1948 1962 59 Solapur Maharashtra 48 Montu Banerjee 1949 1949 1 Kolkata West Bengal 49 Ghulam Ahmed 1949 1959 22 Hyderabad Telengana 50 Nirode Chowdhury 1949 1951 2 Jamshedpur Jharkhand 51 Madhusudan Rege 1949 1949 1 Panvel Maharashtra 52 Shute Banerjee 1949 1949 1 Kolkata West Bengal 53 Nana Joshi 1951 1960 12 Vadodara Gujarat 54 Pankaj Roy 1951 1960 43 Dhaka Bangladesh 55 C. D. Gopinath 1951 1960 8 Chennai Tamil Nadu 56 Madhav Mantri 1951 1955 4 Nasik Maharashtra 57 Buck Divecha 1952 1952 5 Khadakwadi Maharashtra 58 Subhash Gupte 1952 1961 36 Mumbai Maharashtra 59 Vijay Manjrekar 1952 1965 55 Mumbai Maharashtra 60 Datta Gaekwad 1952 1961 11 Vadodara Gujarat 61 Gulabrai Ramchand 1952 1960 33 Karachi Pakistan 62 Hiralal Gaekwad 1952 1952 1 Nagpur Maharashtra 63 Shah Nyalchand 1952 1952 1 Dhrangadhra Gujarat 64 Madhav Apte 1952 1953 7 Mumbai Maharashtra 65 Bal Dani 1952 1952 1 Dudhani Maharashtra 66 Vijay Rajindernath 1952 1952 1 Amritsar Punjab 67 Ebrahim Maka 1952 1953 2 Daman Daman & Diu 68 Deepak Shodhan 1952 1953 3 Ahmedabad Gujarat 69 Chandrasekhar Gadkari 1953 1955 6 Pune Maharashtra 70 Jayasinghrao Ghorpade 1953 1959 8 Panchgani Maharashtra 71 Pananmal Punjabi 1955 1955 5 Karachi Pakistan 72 Naren Tamhane 1955 1961 21 Mumbai Maharashtra 73 Prakash Bhandari 1955 1956 3 Delhi Delhi 74 Jasu Patel 1955 1960 7 Ahmedabad Gujarat 75 A. G. Kripal Singh 1955 1964 14 Chennai Tamil Nadu 76 Narain Swamy 1955 1955 1 Kozhikode Kerala 77 Nari Contractor 1955 1962 31 Godhra Gujarat 78 Vijay Mehra 1955 1964 8 Amritsar Punjab 79 Sadashiv Patil 1955 1955 1 Kolhapur Maharashtra 80 Bapu Nadkarni 1955 1968 41 Nasik Maharashtra 81 Gundibail Sunderam 1955 1956 2 Udupi Karnataka 82 Chandrakant Patankar 1956 1956 1 Raigad Maharashtra 83 Chandu Borde 1958 1969 55 Pune Maharashtra 84 Ghulam Guard 1958 1960 2 Surat Gujarat 85 Manohar Hardikar 1958 1958 2 Vadodara Gujarat 86 Vasant Ranjane 1958 1964 7 Pune Maharashtra 87 Ramnath Kenny 1959 1960 5 Mumbai Maharashtra 88 Surendranath 1959 1961 11 Meerut Uttar Pradesh 89 Apoorva Sengupta 1959 1959 1 Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 90 Ramakant Desai 1959 1968 28 Mumbai Maharashtra 91 M. L. Jaisimha 1959 1971 39 Secunderabad Telengana 92 Arvind Apte 1959 1959 1 Mumbai Maharashtra 93 Abbas Ali Baig 1959 1967 10 Hyderabad Telengana 94 V. M. Muddiah 1959 1960 2 Bangalore Karnataka 95 Salim Durani 1960 1973 29 Kabul Afghanistan 96 Budhi Kunderan 1960 1967 18 Mulki Karnataka 97 A. G. Milkha Singh 1960 1961 4 Chennai Tamil Nadu 98 Man Sood 1960 1960 1 Lahore Pakistan 99 Rusi Surti 1960 1969 26 Surat Gujarat 100 Baloo Gupte 1961 1965 3 Mumbai Maharashtra 101 Vaman Kumar 1961 1961 2 Chennai Tamil Nadu 102 Farokh Engineer 1961 1975 46 Mumbai Maharashtra 103 Dilip Sardesai 1961 1972 30 Margao Goa 104 Mansoor Ali Khan Pataudi 1961 1975 46 Bhopal Madhya Pradesh 105 E. A. S. Prasanna 1962 1978 49 Bangalore Karnataka 106 B. S. Chandrasekhar 1964 1979 58 Mysore Karnataka 107 Rajinder Pal 1964 1964 1 Delhi Delhi 108 Hanumant Singh 1964 1969 14 Banswara Rajasthan 109 Kumar Indrajitsinhji 1964 1969 4 Jamnagar Gujarat 110 Srinivas Venkataraghavan 1965 1983 57 Chennai Tamil Nadu 111 Venkataraman Subramanya 1965 1968 9 Bangalore Karnataka 112 Ajit Wadekar 1966 1974 37 Mumbai Maharashtra 113 Bishan Singh Bedi 1967 1979 67 Amritsar Punjab 114 Subrata Guha 1967 1969 4 Kolkata West Bengal 115 Ramesh Saxena 1967 1967 1 Delhi Delhi 116 Abid Ali 1967 1974 29 Hyderabad Telengana 117 Umesh Kulkarni 1967 1968 4 Alibagh Maharashtra 118 Chetan Chauhan 1969 1981 40 Meerut Uttar Pradesh 119 Ashok Mankad 1969 1978 22 Mumbai Maharashtra 120 Ajit Pai 1969 1969 1 Mumbai Maharashtra 121 Ambar Roy 1969 1969 4 Kolkata West Bengal 122 Ashok Gandotra 1969 1969 2 Rio De Janeiro Brazil 123 Eknath Solkar 1969 1977 27 Mumbai Maharashtra 124 Gundappa Viswanath 1969 1983 91 Bhadravati Karnataka 125 Mohinder Amarnath 1969 1988 69 Patiala Punjab 126 Kenia Jayantilal 1971 1971 1 Hyderabad Telengana 127 Pochiah Krishnamurthy 1971 1971 5 Hyderabad Telengana 128 Sunil Gavaskar 1971 1987 125 Mumbai Maharashtra 129 Ramnath Parkar 1972 1973 2 Mumbai Maharashtra 130 Madan Lal 1974 1986 39 Amritsar Punjab 131 Brijesh Patel 1974 1977 21 Vadodara Gujarat 132 Sudhir Naik 1974 1975 3 Mumbai Maharashtra 133 Hemant Kanitkar 1974 1974 2 Amravati Maharashtra 134 Parthasarathy Sharma 1974 1977 5 Alwar Rajasthan 135 Anshuman Gaekwad 1975 1985 40 Mumbai Maharashtra 136 Karsan Ghavri 1975 1981 39 Rajkot Gujarat 137 Surinder Amarnath 1976 1978 10 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 138 Syed Kirmani 1976 1986 88 Chennai Tamil Nadu 139 Dilip Vengsarkar 1976 1992 116 Rajapur Maharashtra 140 Yajurvindra Singh 1977 1979 4 Rajkot Gujarat 141 Kapil Dev 1978 1994 131 Chandigarh Chandigarh 142 M. V. Narasimha Rao 1979 1979 4 Secunderabad Telengana 143 Dhiraj Parsana 1979 1979 2 Rajkot Gujarat 144 Bharath Reddy 1979 1979 4 Chennai Tamil Nadu 145 Yashpal Sharma 1979 1983 37 Ludhiana Punjab 146 Dilip Doshi 1979 1983 33 Rajkot Gujarat 147 Shivlal Yadav 1979 1987 35 Hyderabad Telengana 148 Roger Binny 1979 1987 27 Bangalore Karnataka 149 Sandeep Patil 1980 1984 29 Mumbai Maharashtra 150 Kirti Azad 1981 1983 7 Darbhanga Bihar 151 Ravi Shastri 1981 1992 80 Mumbai Maharashtra 152 Yograj Singh 1981 1981 1 Chandigarh Chandigarh 153 T. E. Srinivasan 1981 1981 1 Chennai Tamil Nadu 154 Krishnamachari Srikkanth 1981 1992 43 Chennai Tamil Nadu 155 Ashok Malhotra 1982 1985 7 Amritsar Punjab 156 Pranab Roy 1982 1982 2 Kolkata West Bengal 157 Ghulam Parkar 1982 1982 1 Kaluste Maharashtra 158 Suru Nayak 1982 1982 2 Mumbai Maharashtra 159 Arun Lal 1982 1989 16 Moradabad Uttar Pradesh 160 Rakesh Shukla 1982 1982 1 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 161 Maninder Singh 1982 1993 35 Pune Maharashtra 162 Balwinder Sandhu 1983 1983 8 Mumbai Maharashtra 163 T. A. Sekhar 1983 1983 2 Chennai Tamil Nadu 164 Laxman Sivaramakrishnan 1983 1986 9 Chennai Tamil Nadu 165 Raghuram Bhat 1983 1983 2 Puttur Karnataka 166 Navjot Singh Sidhu 1983 1999 51 Patiala Punjab 167 Chetan Sharma 1984 1989 23 Ludhiana Punjab 168 Manoj Prabhakar 1984 1995 39 Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh 169 Mohammad Azharuddin 1985 2000 99 Hyderabad Telengana 170 Gopal Sharma 1985 1990 5 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 171 Lalchand Rajput 1985 1985 2 Mumbai Maharashtra 172 Sadanand Viswanath 1985 1985 3 Bangalore Karnataka 173 Kiran More 1986 1993 49 Vadodara Gujarat 174 Chandrakant Pandit 1986 1992 5 Mumbai Maharashtra 175 Raju Kulkarni 1986 1987 3 Mumbai Maharashtra 176 Bharat Arun 1986 1987 2 Vijayawada Andhra Pradesh 177 Raman Lamba 1986 1987 4 Meerut Uttar Pradesh 178 Arshad Ayub 1987 1989 13 Hyderabad Telengana 179 Sanjay Manjrekar 1987 1996 37 Mangalore Karnataka 180 Narendra Hirwani 1988 1996 17 Gorakhpur Uttar Pradesh 181 Woorkeri Raman 1988 1997 11 Chennai Tamil Nadu 182 Ajay Sharma 1988 1988 1 Delhi Delhi 183 Rashid Patel 1988 1988 1 Sabarkantha Gujarat 184 Sanjeev Sharma 1988 1990 2 Delhi Delhi 185 M. Venkataramana 1989 1989 1 Secunderabad Telengana 186 Salil Ankola 1989 1989 1 Solapur Maharashtra 187 Sachin Tendulkar 1989 2013 200 Mumbai Maharashtra 188 Vivek Razdan 1989 1989 2 Delhi Delhi 189 Venkatapathy Raju 1990 2001 28 Alamuru Andhra Pradesh 190 Atul Wassan 1990 1990 4 Delhi Delhi 191 Gursharan Singh 1990 1990 1 Amritsar Punjab 192 Anil Kumble 1990 2008 132 Bangalore Karnataka 193 Javagal Srinath 1991 2002 67 Javagal Karnataka 194 Subroto Banerjee 1992 1992 1 Patna Bihar 195 Pravin Amre 1992 1993 11 Mumbai Maharashtra 196 Ajay Jadeja 1992 2000 15 Jamnagar Gujarat 197 Rajesh Chauhan 1993 1998 21 Ranchi Jharkhand 198 Vinod Kambli 1993 1995 17 Mumbai Maharashtra 199 Vijay Yadav 1993 1993 1 Gonda Uttar Pradesh 200 Nayan Mongia 1994 2001 44 Vadodara Gujarat 201 Aashish Kapoor 1994 1996 4 Chennai Tamil Nadu 202 Sunil Joshi 1996 2000 15 Gadag Karnataka 203 Paras Mhambrey 1996 1996 2 Vishakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh 204 Venkatesh Prasad 1996 2001 33 Bangalore Karnataka 205 Vikram Rathour 1996 1997 6 Jalandhar Punjab 206 Sourav Ganguly 1996 2008 113 Kolkata West Bengal 207 Rahul Dravid 1996 2012 164 Indore Madhya Pradesh 208 David Johnson 1996 1996 2 Arsikere Karnataka 209 V. V. S. Laxman 1996 2012 134 Hyderabad Telengana 210 Dodda Ganesh 1997 1997 4 Bangalore Karnataka 211 Abey Kuruvilla 1997 1997 10 Mannar Kerala 212 Nilesh Kulkarni 1997 2001 3 Dombivli Maharashtra 213 Debashish Mohanty 1997 1997 2 Bhubaneswar Odisha 214 Harbhajan Singh 1998 2015 103 Jalandhar Punjab 215 Harvinder Singh 1998 2001 3 Amritsar Punjab 216 Ajit Agarkar 1998 2006 26 Mumbai Maharashtra 217 Robin Singh 1998 1998 1 Princes Town Trinidad & Tobago 218 Robin Singh, Jr. 1999 1999 1 Delhi Delhi 219 Sadagoppan Ramesh 1999 2001 19 Chennai Tamil Nadu 220 Ashish Nehra 1999 2004 17 Delhi Delhi 221 Devang Gandhi 1999 1999 4 Bhavnagar Gujarat 222 MSK Prasad 1999 2000 6 Medikonduru Andhra Pradesh 223 Vijay Bharadwaj 1999 2000 3 Bangalore Karnataka 224 Hrishikesh Kanitkar 1999 2000 2 Pune Maharashtra 225 Wasim Jaffer 2000 2008 31 Mumbai Maharashtra 226 Murali Kartik 2000 2004 8 Chennai Tamil Nadu 227 Nikhil Chopra 2000 2000 1 Allahabad Uttar Pradesh 228 Mohammad Kaif 2000 2006 13 Allahabad Uttar Pradesh 229 Shiv Sunder Das 2000 2002 23 Bhubaneswar Odisha 230 Saba Karim 2000 2000 1 Patna Bihar 231 Zaheer Khan 2000 2014 92 Shrirampur Maharashtra 232 Vijay Dahiya 2000 2000 2 Delhi Delhi 233 Sarandeep Singh 2000 2002 3 Amritsar Punjab 234 Rahul Sanghvi 2001 2001 1 Delhi Delhi 235 Sairaj Bahutule 2001 2001 2 Mumbai Maharashtra 236 Sameer Dighe 2001 2001 6 Mumbai Maharashtra 237 Hemang Badani 2001 2001 4 Chennai Tamil Nadu 238 Deep Dasgupta 2001 2002 8 Kolkata West Bengal 239 Virender Sehwag 2001 2013 104 Delhi Delhi 240 Sanjay Bangar 2001 2002 12 Beed Maharashtra 241 Iqbal Siddiqui 2001 2001 1 Aurangabad Maharashtra 242 Tinu Yohannan 2001 2002 3 Kollam Kerala 243 Ajay Ratra 2002 2002 6 Faridabad Haryana 244 Parthiv Patel 2002 2018 25 Ahmedabad Gujarat 245 Lakshmipathy Balaji 2003 2005 8 Chennai Tamil Nadu 246 Aakash Chopra 2003 2004 10 Agra Uttar Pradesh 247 Yuvraj Singh 2003 2012 40 Chandigarh Chandigarh 248 Irfan Pathan 2003 2008 29 Vadodara Gujarat 249 Gautam Gambhir 2004 2016 58 Delhi Delhi 250 Dinesh Karthik 2004 2018 26 Tiruchendur Tamil Nadu 251 Mahendra Singh Dhoni 2005 2014 90 Ranchi Jharkhand 252 R. P. Singh 2006 2011 14 Raebareli Uttar Pradesh 253 S. Sreesanth 2006 2011 27 Kothamangalam Kerala 254 Piyush Chawla 2006 2008 2 Aligarh Uttar Pradesh 255 Munaf Patel 2006 2011 13 Ikhar Gujarat 256 V. R. V. Singh 2006 2007 5 Chandigarh Chandigarh 257 Ramesh Powar 2007 2007 2 Mumbai Maharashtra 258 Ishant Sharma 2007 2018 90 Delhi Delhi 259 Amit Mishra 2008 2016 22 Delhi Delhi 260 Murali Vijay 2008 2018 61 Chennai Tamil Nadu 261 Pragyan Ojha 2009 2013 24 Bhubaneswar Odisha 262 Subramaniam Badrinath 2010 2010 2 Chennai Tamil Nadu 263 Wriddhiman Saha 2010 2018 32 Siliguri West Bengal 264 Abhimanyu Mithun 2010 2011 4 Bangalore Karnataka 265 Suresh Raina 2010 2015 18 Muradnagar Uttar Pradesh 266 Cheteshwar Pujara 2010 2019 68 Rajkot Gujarat 267 Jaydev Unadkat 2010 2010 1 Porbandar Gujarat 268 Praveen Kumar 2011 2011 6 Meerut Uttar Pradesh 269 Virat Kohli 2011 2019 77 Delhi Delhi 270 Abhinav Mukund 2011 2017 7 Chennai Tamil Nadu 271 Ravichandran Ashwin 2011 2018 65 Chennai Tamil Nadu 272 Umesh Yadav 2011 2018 41 Deoria Uttar Pradesh 273 Varun Aaron 2011 2015 9 Jamshedpur Jharkhand 274 Vinay Kumar 2012 2012 1 Davangere Karnataka 275 Ravindra Jadeja 2012 2019 41 Jamnagar Gujarat 276 Bhuvneshwar Kumar 2013 2018 21 Meerut Uttar Pradesh 277 Shikhar Dhawan 2013 2018 34 Delhi Delhi 278 Ajinkya Rahane 2013 2019 56 Sangamner Maharashtra 279 Mohammed Shami 2013 2019 40 Amroha Uttar Pradesh 280 Rohit Sharma 2013 2018 27 Nagpur Maharashtra 281 Stuart Binny 2014 2015 6 Bangalore Karnataka 282 Pankaj Singh 2014 2014 2 Sultanpur Uttar Pradesh 283 Karn Sharma 2014 2014 1 Meerut Uttar Pradesh 284 KL Rahul 2014 2019 34 Mangalore Karnataka 285 Naman Ojha 2015 2015 1 Ujjain Madhya Pradesh 286 Jayant Yadav 2016 2017 4 Delhi Delhi 287 Karun Nair 2016 2017 6 Jodhpur Rajasthan 288 Kuldeep Yadav 2017 2019 6 Kanpur Uttar Pradesh 289 Hardik Pandya 2017 2018 11 Surat Gujarat 290 Jasprit Bumrah 2018 2019 10 Ahmedabad Gujarat 291 Rishabh Pant 2018 2019 9 Roorkee Uttarakhand 292 Hanuma Vihari 2018 2019 4 Kakinada Andhra Pradesh 293 Prithvi Shaw 2018 2018 2 Thane Maharashtra 294 Shardul Thakur 2018 2018 1 Palghar Maharashtra 295 Mayank Agarwal 2018 2019 2 Bangalore Karnataka
submitted by pro_crasSn8r to Cricket [link] [comments]

2017.08.28 02:04 BotSpeaks A detailed look (with maps) of the Persecution of Hindus in India between 971-1707 (>700 years)

A shorter version (reduced by 95.0%) can be found on IndiaSpeaks.
This is an extended summary, original article can be found here

Extended Summary:

A detailed look (with maps) of the Persecution of Hindus in India between 971-1707 (>700 years).
This is a detailed look at the Persecution of Hindus on the Indian Subcontinent between 971 and 1707.
wikipedia.org/wiki/Persecution_of_Hindus Some of the citations haven't been fully copied over from Wikipedia so I need to go back and copy/paste them over.
Mahmud's court historian Al-Utbi viewed Mahmud's expeditions as a jihad to propagate Islam and extirpate idolatry.
[32] According to military historian Victoria Schofield, Sabuktagin, the Turkish ruler of Ghazni and father of Mahmud, "set as his goal the expulsion of the Hindus from the Kabul valley and Gandhara (Khandar), as the vale of Peshawar was still called.
[33] Till the year 980 CE, this area of Gandhara was under Hindus until Sabuktagin from Ghazni invaded it and displaced its last Hindu Shahi king Jaya Pala.
[38][39][40] Mahmud of Ghazni sacked the second Somnath Temple in 1026, looted it, and the famous Shiva lingam of the temple was destroyed.
[43] Alberuni, a historian who accompanied Mahmud of Ghazni, described the conquests in North Western India by stating that Mahmud impoverished the region and that the civilisation of the scattered Hindus declined and retreated from the North West.
The first mosque built in Delhi, the "Quwwat al-Islam" was built with demolished parts of 20 Hindu and Jain temples.
Alauddin's taxation system was probably the one institution from his reign that lasted the longest, surviving indeed into the nineteenth and even the twentieth century.
Alauddin Khilji enforced four taxes on non-Muslims in the Sultanate - jizya (poll tax), kharaj (land tax), kari (house tax) and chari (pasture tax).
Over time, farmers quit farming for income and shifted to subsistence farming, the general food supply worsened in north India, shortages increased and Delhi Sultanate witnessed increasingly worse and extended periods of famines.
[41] The shortages, price controls and rationing system caused starvation deaths of numerous rural people, mostly Hindus.
In India's fertile lands between Ganges and Yamuna rivers, the Sultan increased the land tax rate on non-Muslims by tenfold in some districts, and twentyfold in others.
[31] Many became robber clans.
[31] Ibn Battuta noted in his memoir that Muhammad bin Tughlaq paid his army, judges (qadi), court advisors, wazirs, governors, district officials and others in his service by awarding them the right to force collect taxes on Hindu villages, keep a portion and transfer rest to his treasury.
Hindus who erected a deity or built a temple and those who praticised their religion in public such as near a kund (water tank) were arrested, brought to the palace and executed.
Simultaneously, he raised taxes and jizya, assessing it at three levels, and stopping the practice of his predecessors who had historically exempted all Hindu Brahmins from jizya tax Each military campaign and raid on non-Muslimkingdoms yielded loot and seizure of slaves.
[71] Both Ibn Battuta's memoir and Shihab al-Din ibn Fadlallah al-'Umari texts recorded a flourishing market of non-Muslim slaves in Delhi.
He destroyed vast majority of Hindu and Buddhist temples in his reach in Kashmir region (north and northwest India).
Many were also killed.
He forbade the Hindus to apply a tilak mark on their foreheads.
Sikandar stopped Hindus and Buddhists from cremating their dead.
He further observes, "And Sikandarpora (a city laid out by Sultan Sikandar) was laid out on the debris of the destroyed temples of the Hindus.
"Towards the fag end of his life, he (Sultan Sikandar) was infused with a zeal for demolishing idol-houses, destroying the temples and idols of the infidels.
In his second Rajtarangini, the historian Jonraj has recorded, "There was no city, no town, no village, no wood, where the temples of the gods were unbroken.
Writes Ajit Bhatracharjee, "Sikandar (13891413) equalled the most blood-thirsty and iconoclastic Muslim conquerors anywhere in his zeal to obliterate all traces of the Hindu religion and convert its followers to Islam on pain of death.
He further records, "Hindu temples were felled to the ground and for one year a large establishment was maintained for the demolition of the grand Martand temple.
He further records, "Sikandar's reign was disgraced by a series of acts, inspired by religious bigotry and iconoclastic zeal for which there is hardly any parallel in the annals of the Muslim rulers of Kashmir"..
[2] After the massacres of Timur, the people and lands within Delhi Sultanate were left in a state of anarchy, chaos and pestilence.
Over 1414 through 1423, according to the Muslim historian Yahya bin Ahmad, the Islamic commanders "chastised and plundered the infidels" of Ahar, Khur, Kampila, Gwalior, Seori, Chandawar, Etawa, Sirhind, Bail, Katehr and Rahtors.
In 1431, Jalandhar for example, was retaken by Hindus and all Muslims inside the fort were placed in prison.
Religious violence and persecution continued during the reign of the two significant Lodhi dynasty rulers, Bahlul Khan Lodhi and Sikandar Lodhi.
Sikandar, with his governor of Bihar Azam Humayun, asked Islamic scholars and sharia experts of their time whether such pluralism and peaceful messages were permissible within the Islamic Sultanate.
The Hindu refused to change his view, and was killed.
A companion of Jahangir, and Muslim historian, described the religious violence as,[83] Temple idols were destroyed and by the order of the Emperor, to disgrace the infidels..
The reign of Aurangzeb witnessed one of the strongest campaign of religious violence in the Mughal Empire's history.
[84] (6 Million Jews died in the Holocaust) Aurangzeb banned Diwali, re-introduced jizya (tax) on non-Muslims,[85] led numerous campaigns of attacks against non-Muslims, forcibly converted Hindus to Islam and destroyed Hindu temples.
Idols in temples were smashed, and the city of Mathura was temporarily renamed as Islamabad in local official documents.
Until end of first millennium Hindu philosophy and traditions enjoyed a significant amount of flexibility and adaptability.
Debates of different religious and philosophical aspects were organized and cherished.
[113][114] Many rituals and customs were restricted as a natural reaction of self defense and survival.
[117] The architecture of Hindu temples underwent change under the Muslim rulers and incorporated Islamic influences..
[118] It is speculated that the flexible varna system that existed in India for centuries, slowly converted into the modern caste system by 15th century.

Stats For Nerds:

Original Length 19381
Summary Length 6631
Summary Ratio: 65.79
If I am not working properly, please contact Blackbird-007 or send a message to moderators of /IndiaSpeaks.
submitted by BotSpeaks to SummarySpeaks [link] [comments]

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