My whole cohort is on average failing our english, we're at an average of 43% in our unit 3 so its not just a me issue as i'm also not doing too hot and I'm wondering how I take my essays up to better than average. So far this is the structure I've used a structure of:
Introduction - text author genre publish date, context sentence, contention, ideas/arguments
Body paragraphs - Topic sentence (no mention of direct characters or events), Giving context on the argument, some evidence, elaboration and explaining why it matters and the authors intentions, linking back and doing that a few more time.
Conclusions: Mentioning text, author and contention again, summarising my arguments and trying my best to resolve the prompt.
Right now we're studying We have always lived in the castle so my openings look like:
We Have Always Lived in the Castle by Shirley Jackson is a gothic literature novel published in 1962. The protagonists, the Blackwood sisters, traverse a world where they seek little agency within their confinement to the Blackwood estate. Jackson displays how property serves to confine and limit individuals; however, Jackson also presents the limited security that being connected to a property can give you. Shirley Jackson portrays this through the ideas of agoraphobia and its confinement of individuals, class alienation in accordance to wealth disparity and seeking to find agency through coping mechanisms alike to gardening and magic.
I will admit that the last argument doesn't feel fully fleshed out and will admit that its not a full essay so you can't get an actual grasp on my writing but do you have any structures you use and find helpful or any sample essays on this topic, i haven't been able to find anything. (I may or may not have the exam this upcoming Monday as well... edited a small spelling mistake lol)

Foster a Proactive Mindset
Risk management isn't just about responding to crises as they arise; it's about anticipating them before they happen. To integrate risk management into your corporate culture, encourage a proactive mindset among your team. This means nurturing an environment where foresight and forward-planning are valued above all. Equip your staff with the tools and knowledge to identify potential risks early on. By holding regular training sessions on risk assessment and mitigation, employees can become adept at spotting warning signs and taking preventative action.
Cultivate Open Communication
A culture that thrives on open communication is less prone to the perils of unforeseen risks. For risk management to be truly effective, everyone from top-tier executives to the newest recruits must feel comfortable voicing concerns and sharing insights. Establish a clear protocol for reporting potential risks, ensuring there are no barriers to communication. Celebrate transparency by highlighting instances where employee vigilance prevented a risk from becoming a reality.
Integrate Risk Awareness Into Decision-Making
Decisions are the drivers of success for any business, but they also open the door to possible risks. Embed risk considerations into the decision-making process by incorporating risk-benefit analyses in planning sessions. When discussing future strategies or projects, require team leads to present not only the expected outcomes but also the associated risks and their proposed mitigation plans. This will not only help safeguard against potential pitfalls but also promote a more analytical approach to strategic thinking.
Set the Tone From the Top
The importance of leadership in setting cultural norms cannot be overstated. Leaders who prioritize risk management send a powerful message: risks are taken seriously here. Executives should demonstrate their commitment to risk management by being actively involved in related initiatives. By sharing stories of how risk management has positively impacted the company, leaders can inspire their teams to adopt similar values and behaviors.
Regularly Review and Adapt Your Risk Strategy
In a world that's ever-changing, a static risk management approach will soon fall short. Regularly reviewing and adapting your strategy in response to new market developments, emerging technologies, and evolving threats is essential. Encourage a culture of continuous improvement where feedback on risk management practices is sought and acted upon. This not only keeps your strategy relevant but also reinforces the value placed on risk management within your company culture.
Conclusion
Integrating risk management into your corporate culture doesn't happen overnight. It's a gradual process that requires intention, effort, and consistency. By embracing these five practices, you’re equipping your business with a solid foundation to face uncertainties. Remember, in today's dynamic business landscape, those who plan for the unexpected are the ones who thrive.
For more information Enterprise And Risk Management about visit here: https://www.k2riskconsulting.com/post/5-key-steps-to-develop-an-effective-risk-management-plan

I am pretty much a newbie to programming, I did an online beginners course a while back in Python but have had a child since then and life has stopped me taking it further. I have also forgotten a lot of the stuff. I have worked in Product Management and have a good 'outsiders' understanding of software development.
An opportunity came up for me to give it another go with a project I am working on, it should be pretty straightforward and I could pass it to a dev to do but then I wont learn anything.
The problem is this, I want to monitor Meta's Advertising standards for changes. These are in seperate webpages (65 in total i think). If there is a change, I want to know about it and am happy to manually review the page on these rare occassions. If there is no change, then I dont care! The sort of info they have is aspect ratios for images in ads, max. file weight etc.
My solution is to write a Python script and use BeautifulSoup to grab the webpage data and save the information in the

tags in a file, for whatever reason I have this as a CSV but filetype doesnt matter to me (the li tags are where the info in the page I need is and just taking them should cut out all the other noise). I would run this script daily so that the new extract of the li tags can be compared with the saved version. If there is a change then update the file and let me know.
Im trying to start by just outputting the li tags in a file for one site. Once I have done that I would like to add the comparison. The next iteration would be to add the other 60+ websites in to the script, perhaps outputting different files, perhaps putting it all in one but then I have the added complexity of highlighting which one has changed.
My code is below:

import requests import csv from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #Get URL url = requests.get('https://www.facebook.com/business/ads-guide/update/image/instagram-reels') #Extract the data soup = BeautifulSoup(url.text, 'html.parser') #Find the list items terms = soup.find_all('li') #Whack it in a CSV with open('img-insta-reels.csv', 'w', newline='') as file: writer = csv.writer(file) writer.writerow(terms) 

This currently works and pops the li tags in the a CSV. It would be nicer to have it put each li tag in a new row rather than column.
How would I go about comparing my next run of the code to the saved 'img-insta-reels.csv' with it updating and notifying if there was a change?
Also is my proposed order correct, should I continue as my question above or start examining all of the websites? I would like this to be nice incremental learning steps so that at the end of I should fully understand all of my code!

Advanced Lesson Plan: In-Depth Exploration of Onomatopoeia
Objective: Honors students will delve deeply into the concept of onomatopoeia, examining its literary, linguistic, and cultural significance. They will analyze sophisticated examples, engage in critical discussions, and create advanced onomatopoeic expressions.
Course Level: University Honors Seminar
Duration: 2 weeks (8 sessions)
Materials: 1. Academic articles on onomatopoeia 2. Literary works with nuanced use of onomatopoeia 3. Multimedia resources (videos, audio clips) 4. Whiteboard and markers 5. Chart paper, markers, and post-it notes 6. Laptops or tablets for research
Session 1: Introduction to Advanced Onomatopoeia Studies (60 minutes)

• Briefly review basic onomatopoeia concepts to ensure a common understanding.
  
• Discuss scholarly articles on the linguistic and literary aspects of onomatopoeia.
  
• Analyze examples of sophisticated onomatopoeia in classic and contemporary literature.
  

Session 2: Cross-Cultural Examination of Onomatopoeia (60 minutes)

• Explore onomatopoeic expressions in different languages.
  
• Discuss cultural variations and the impact on meaning.
  
• Group activity: analyze onomatopoeic words from various cultures and present findings.
  

Session 3: The Psychology of Onomatopoeia (60 minutes)

• Discuss the psychological effects of onomatopoeic words on readers or listeners.
  
• Analyze studies on the neurological response to onomatopoeia.
  
• Group discussion: share personal responses to specific onomatopoeic words.
  

Session 4: Onomatopoeia in Technical Writing and Science (75 minutes)

• Explore the use of onomatopoeia in technical and scientific literature.
  
• Discuss how onomatopoeia can enhance communication in specialized fields.
  
• Case study: analyze technical documents with and without onomatopoeia.
  

Session 5: Advanced Literary Analysis (75 minutes)

• Analyze onomatopoeia in selected complex literary works.
  
• Discuss how authors use onomatopoeic elements for symbolism and thematic purposes.
  
• Small group analysis: dissect an excerpt from a challenging text.
  

Session 6: Student-led Discussions and Presentations (90 minutes)

• Assign students specific onomatopoeia-related topics for research and presentation.
  
• Conduct mini-lectures or discussions led by students on their assigned topics.
  
• Encourage critical analysis and connections to other academic disciplines.
  

Session 7: Creative Expression Through Onomatopoeia (90 minutes)

• Explore avant-garde uses of onomatopoeia in creative writing.
  
• Workshop: students create experimental onomatopoeic compositions.
  
• Share and discuss the artistic and literary implications of their creations.
  

Session 8: Culminating Project and Reflection (120 minutes)

• Individual or group projects: in-depth analysis of a specific aspect of onomatopoeia.
• Presentations and peer review.
  
• Class reflection: connect newfound knowledge to broader linguistic and literary themes.
  

Assessment Criteria:

• Active participation in discussions and presentations.
  
• Critical analysis in written reflections.
  
• Depth of understanding demonstrated in the culminating project.
  
• Integration of onomatopoeia knowledge into broader academic discourse.
  

So this is for a senior undergrad course.
How do you stay focused in your literature review while ensuring you're covering enough of the landscape? I've seen some that are quite terse and uninformative and others with sweeping scale in both depth and breadth... it's so easy to get lost. Example, for neuro - how much should be devoted to neuroanatomy, and then abnormal neuroanatomy?
When describing tasks and procedures, how much detail do you need to go into? Eg do you need 6 sources for normed assessment tools (to cover different populations) or is one really enough? Every single step of every moment of the procedure, literally (have seen this) or top level info?
There have been SO many studies of every persuasion on every structure, network, and function, how can you even start to summarize it, even for one little piece of neuroanatomy?

I was recently diagnosed with premature ventricular contractions (PVC), which means my heart sometimes beats abnormally. To monitor this, my doctor has attached a device to my chest to record my ECG over several days. One intriguing aspect of this process is the lengthy time it takes to decode and analyze the ECG data, as the doctor must meticulously review the recordings.
This got me thinking about the potential role of AI, specifically Large Language Models (LLMs), in streamlining this analysis. Traditionally, time series models paired with explainer modules might suffice for generating initial reports from ECG data, which are then refined using a template. However, could LLMs offer further enhancements or efficiencies in processing or interpreting these data sets?
For instance, LLMs could potentially:

1. Provide more nuanced interpretations of the data by integrating medical literature and patient history.
2. Generate more detailed, understandable reports directly for patients and doctors.
3. Assist in identifying patterns or anomalies that are less obvious to traditional models.

I’m curious about other perspectives or insights on how LLMs might be used in medical data analysis, particularly for time series data like ECGs. Could they indeed make the decoding process faster or provide richer insights?

~Emergency location transmitter market~ is anticipated to grow at a CAGR of 5.9% during the forecast period (2024-2031). The market’s growth is attributed to the growing demand for advancements in technology across the globe. Technological developments, such as improved battery solutions, such as the alkaline-based solution featured in the ARTEX ELT 4000M, help to improve ELT reliability and effectiveness. For instance, in May 2023, ACR Electronics introduced the ARTEX ELT 4000M, the latest transport-grade 406 MHz approved Emergency Locator Transmitter (ELT). The revolutionary ELT has 243 and 121.5 MHz homing frequencies and is powered by a patented alkaline-based solution, that eliminates it from FAA non-rechargeable lithium battery exceptions.
Get Free Sample link @ https://www.omrglobal.com/request-sample/emergency-location-transmitter-market
The global emergency location transmitter market is further segmented based on geography including North America (the US, and Canada), Europe (UK, Italy, Spain, Germany, France, and the Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (India, China, Japan, South Korea, and Rest of Asia), and the Rest of the World (the Middle East & Africa, and Latin America). Among these, European region is anticipated to hold a prominent share of the market across the globe, owing to rise in aviation security parameters has been proposed by specific developing region.
full report of Emergency Location Transmitter Market available @ https://www.omrglobal.com/industry-reports/emergency-location-transmitter-market
· Market Coverage
· Market number available for – 2024-2031
· Base year- 2023
· Forecast period- 2024-2031
· Segment Covered- By Source, By Product Type, By Applications
· Competitive Landscape- Archer Daniels Midland Co., Ingredion Inc., Kerry Group Plc, Cargill
· Inc., and others
Market Segmentation
Global Emergency Location Transmitter Market by Type
o Personal Locator Beacons
o Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacons
o Emergency Locator Transmitters
Global Emergency Location Transmitter Market by Technology
o Digital
o Analog
Global Emergency Location Transmitter Market by Service
o Maintenance Services
o Installation and Design
o Inspection and Management Services
o Engineering Services
o Others (Data Analytics Services, and Logistical Support Services)
Global Emergency Location Transmitter Market by Industry Vertical
o Civil Aviation
o Military Aviation
o Merchant Navy
o Navy (Defense Marine)
o Others (Search and Rescue Organizations, and Government & Public Safety Agencies)
Regional Analysis
o North America
o United States
o Canada
o Europe
o UK
o Germany
o Italy
o Spain
o France
o Rest of Europe
o Asia-Pacific
o China
o India
o Japan
o South Korea
o Rest of Asia-Pacific
o Rest of the World
Company Profiles
o Astronics
o Cobham
o DSS Aviation
o DSS Protection
o Dukane Seacom
o ECA Group
o ELLIOTT AVIATION INC.
o Emergency Beacon Corp.
o HOCHIKI Corp.
o Honeywell International Inc.
o HR Smith Group of Co.
o McMurdo Group
o Pointer Avionics Ltd.
o Safran
The Report Covers

• Market value data analysis of 2023 and forecast to 2031.
• Annualized market revenues ($ million) for each market segment.
• Country-wise analysis of major geographical regions.
• Key companies operating in the global emergency location transmitter market. Based on the availability of data, information related to new product launches, and relevant news is also available in the report.
• Analysis of business strategies by identifying the key market segments positioned for strong growth in the future.
• Analysis of market-entry and market expansion strategies. Competitive strategies by identifying ‘who-stands-where’ in the market.

For More Customized Data, Request for Report Customization @ https://www.omrglobal.com/report-customization/emergency-location-transmitter-market
About Orion Market Research Orion Market Research (OMR) is a market research and consulting company known for its crisp and concise reports. The company is equipped with an experienced team of analysts and consultants. OMR offers quality syndicated research reports, customized research reports, consulting and other research-based services. The company also offer Digital Marketing services through its subsidiary OMR Digital and Software development and Consulting Services through another subsidiary Encanto Technologies.
Media Contact:
Company Name: Orion Market Research
Contact Person: Mr. Anurag Tiwari
Email: [info@omrglobal.com](mailto:info@omrglobal.com)
Contact no: +91 780-304-0404

About a month ago, I (38M) was diagnosed with a rare, slow growing neuroendocrine tumor (carcinoid) in my appendix which was discovered during an appendectomy. We have no data to suggest that 100% of the tumor was not removed during the appendectomy: the margins were clear and from a statistical perspective, the majority of people with a tumor the size of mine (~1cm) are cured by appendectomy alone.
However, there were some other findings that cloud the picture. The primary tumor was not growing quickly and had a Ki-67 index of 2%, which is compatible with grade 1 (good for me). Despite this, the tumor had almost broken through the appendix wall, showed signs of perineural invasion, mesoappendix invasion and lymphovascular invasion. (To be honest, only the last thing means much to me but I know it’s bad). Because of these attributes, the tumor was assigned a primary tumor stage of T3. Only one lymph node was dissected but no tumor cells were found there (N0) and there was no distant metastasis (M0). All three of these stages indicate an overall cancer stage group of IIA. My case was reviewed by the tumor board at the GI center at the local med school and they recommended further surgery to prevent possible metastasis of any cancer cells that remain. This surgery, known formally as a right hemicolectomy would remove the ascending portion of my colon. My rectum and anus would be unaffected and I would (in a sense) still use the toilet normally. From the literature, many people report more diarrhea, looser stools and sometimes fecal incontinence after the procedure, but it seems peoples experiences can vary greatly. I will add that the idea of having these challenges as a single person scares me quite a bit. Pooping my pants on a date seems very non-ideal and I’d really like to find someone to spend my life with.
The other compounding factor is that while the 5 year survival rate for neuroendocrine appendiceal tumors is luckily quite high (90% or so if there is only local spread) there is no approved radiation therapy or chemotherapy. My scientific understanding of this is that since the growth rate of these tumors is slow compared to other cancers, they grow at similar rates to normal healthy tissue. This makes cytotoxic chemotherapies that target rapidly dividing cells ineffective: the only treatment that would kill the tumor, would kill you just as fast. There are some therapies that can inhibit tumor growth (somatostatin I think?), but the tumors never shrink in size. Since there is no chance to completely kill the tumor, one appears to be left with the unavoidable outcome of living the rest of your life with cancer if surgery doesn’t work. And significantly, the survival rates for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors appear to be far less rosy than if they are caught early. I woke up the other night and sat straight up in bed to catch my breath thinking about that.
I am really wrestling with the idea that the surgeons are recommending a procedure, which will undoubtedly degrade my quality of life to some degree, and from a statistical point of view, is not expected to find any tumor cells. It seems that the oncologists view the surgery as insurance for me (and frankly for them). I get it, but…like…come on. Maybe I’m being crazy to even be thinking about this, given that if the tumor were to spread, I’m kind of screwed?
Some questions:

• did you have a right colectomy? How has your quality of life changed? Was it a permanent change or only temporary?
• did you have a different cancer but faced a similar dilemma ?
• how did you think about trading quality of life for “peace of mind”?
• did age affect your decision?

Thanks for reading. This community has been so helpful to me recently. I wish I could hug you all. You are the best.

Introduction:
In industries dealing with hazardous materials and complex processes, ensuring the safety of operations is a critical concern. Process Safety Management (PSM) is a systematic approach designed to prevent and mitigate incidents that could lead to severe consequences such as chemical releases, fires, and explosions.
Understanding Process Safety Management:
Process Safety Management involves a comprehensive set of practices managing hazards associated with industrial processes involving hazardous chemicals. Unlike occupational safety, which focuses on preventing workplace injuries, process safety aims to prevent catastrophic incidents that can have widespread impacts. Key components of PSM include process hazard analysis, development of safety protocols, training, emergency planning, and continuous improvement.
Key Best Practices for Implementing PSM:
Leadership and Safety Culture:
Strong leadership and a culture of safety are foundational to effective PSM. Leadership commitment is essential for establishing and maintaining safety priorities. This involves setting clear safety policies and objectives, actively engaging employees in safety initiatives, and fostering an environment where safety concerns can be openly communicated. Leaders must demonstrate commitment through regular safety meetings, training sessions, and visible support for safety programs. A strong safety culture encourages employees to prioritize safety and take personal responsibility for their actions.
Comprehensive Hazard Analysis:
Conducting thorough hazard analyses is crucial for identifying and mitigating potential risks. Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) techniques, including HAZID studies, are uncovering hazards. By evaluating scenarios from raw material handling to finished product storage, HAZID studies help organizations pinpoint vulnerabilities and implement appropriate safeguards. Regularly revisiting and updating these analyses ensures and is effective as processes and technologies evolve.
Developing and Maintaining Safety Procedures:
Detailed operating procedures are essential for ensuring safe operations. These procedures should cover all phases of process operations, including start-up, normal operations, shutdown, and emergencies. Procedures must be clear, concise, and accessible to all employees. Regular reviews and updates are necessary to ensure compliance with industry standards and regulatory requirements.
Management of Change (MOC):
Changes in processes, equipment, or personnel can introduce new hazards or exacerbate existing ones. Management of Change (MOC) procedures are designed to assess and manage these risks. An effective MOC program involves evaluating the potential safety impacts of proposed changes, implementing necessary controls, and ensuring that all affected personnel are informed and trained on the changes. Documentation and tracking of changes are essential for maintaining process integrity and safety.
Emergency Response Planning:
Developing and practicing emergency response plans is vital for minimizing the impact of incidents. These plans should detail the actions of various emergency scenarios, including evacuations, spill containment, firefighting, and medical response. Regular drills and evaluations help ensure that response teams are prepared and effective. Coordination with local emergency services and regulatory authorities can enhance the robustness of emergency response strategies.
Utilizing HAZID Studies for Risk Mitigation:
HAZID studies play a pivotal role in identifying and mitigating risks. These studies involve a structured approach to hazard identification, using checklists, brainstorming sessions, and expert judgment. Integrating HAZID findings into the overall PSM strategy allows organizations to address potential hazards comprehensively. Case studies of successful HAZID implementations demonstrate how this tool can prevent incidents and improve overall process safety. Lessons learned from past incidents and near-misses provide valuable insights for continuous improvement.
Conclusion:
Implementing best practices in Process Safety Management is essential for mitigating risks and ensuring operational safety in industrial environments. Organizations can proactively address potential hazards and enhance their overall safety performance by fostering a strong safety culture, conducting comprehensive hazard analyses, and utilizing tools like HAZID studies. Continuous improvement, training, and adherence to regulatory standards are key to sustaining a robust PSM framework that protects people and the environment.

Envy and Help Giving, Part 1
https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2020-62974-001.pdf
One of envy’s instantiations is to increase, not decrease, dependence to keep someone down as a manifestation of malicious envy. They are actively disabled and kept dependent on purpose if their independence is especially aggravating to the envier’s self-esteem.
In this research, we explored and demonstrated a relatively implicit and covert means of undermining envied targets—namely, helping them in a way that retains their future dependence, rather than in a way that increases their autonomy.
Unfavorable social comparisons trigger envy in those who make the person about themselves (social comparison) instead of admire (just seeing them, for the period of admiration).
In the current research, we focused on unfavorable, upward social comparisons, which are comparisons individuals make with others whom they perceive as superior to themselves. These upward social comparisons often trigger envy. Envy is among the most powerful emotional forces of human nature.
Envy is based in lack circuitry, namely not having something. This is slightly different than fear of loss circuitry, so it is less about pathways of addiction which implies possession of the addicting substance and another about unmet desire.
In addition to being conceptualized as a dispositional trait, envy also is defined as a situationally driven emotion—namely, as a state that occurs “when a person lacks another’s superior quality, achievement, or possession, and either desires it or wishes that the other lacked it” (Parrott & Smith, 1993, p. 906)
Malicious envy entails hostile feelings, thoughts and actions aimed at harming the envied other
According to the first account, malicious and benign envy vary not only in consequences but also in feelings and thoughts, with malicious envy entailing hostile feelings, thoughts, and action tendencies aimed at harming the envied other and benign envy entailing feelings, thoughts, and action tendencies aimed at improving the outcome of the envious person (van de Ven, Zeelenberg, & Pieters, 2009)
Painful feeling of envy instigates malicious motivations
We primarily focused on help-giving behaviors, and we examined and demonstrated the notion that to the extent that the painful feeling of envy toward an upward social comparison target instigates malicious motivations, it impedes helping behaviors and particularly affects the type of help that is provided to the envied target.
Envious people belittle, deceive, victimize, sabotage and undermine those they envy. All around, it shows dehumanization of the envied.
For example, envious people have been found to belittle those they envy (Salovey & Rodin, 1984; Vecchio, 1995); experience schadenfreude, that is, take pleasure in their suffering (Lange et al., 2018; R. H. Smith et al., 1996; van de Ven et al., 2015); deceive them; victimize them; sabotage their outcomes; and socially undermine them (Duffy, Ganster, & Pagon, 2002; Duffy et al., 2012; Gino & Pierce, 2009; Jensen, Patel, & Raver, 2014; E. Kim & Glomb, 2014; Moran & Schweitzer, 2008; Salovey & Rodin, 1984; Silver & Sabini, 1978; R. H. Smith & Kim, 2007; Vecchio, 1995).
Increasing future dependence is seen as a way of covertly undermining envied target from engaging in behaviors that aggravate envy.
We add to this literature by exploring and demonstrating a relatively implicit and covert means of undermining maliciously envied targets— namely, helping them in a way that retains their future dependence, rather than in a way that increases their autonomy.
When family or friends do not feel that their envy is acceptable, they will engage in covert rather than overt actions that they think will not allow them to go detected as participating in behind the scenes antisocial behavior against the envied
Consequently, we postulated that following upward envy-evoking social comparisons, people who encounter malicious motivations may opt to vent these motivations by using subtle and implicit means to undermine their envied targets (Jensen et al., 2014), especially in contexts in which individuals are generally expected to help and cooperate with each other (e.g., among friends, family, colleagues in the workplace, or members of the same team). In the present research, we used the context of teams to explore such potential subtle undermining and malicious consequences of envy.
Envy is strongly associated with a threat to one’s self-esteem (Tesser, 1988) and is predominantly evoked when the comparison target is otherwise similar and when the comparison domain is self-relevant (Feather, 1989, 1991; Parrott & Smith, 1993; Salovey & Rodin, 1984; R. H. Smith, 1991; Tesser & Collins, 1988; Vecchio, 1995, 2000)
In teams that are expected to work together, teammates in envy of other team members will maximize covert means of undermining
Moreover, given that teammates are typically expected to cooperate and coordinate with each other (Holland, Gaston, & Gomes, 2000), we postulated that when working in teams, envious people may be particularly prone to vent their malicious motivations by using covert means to undermine their envied peers
The fear of being envied leads to people increasing a prosocial interaction style. This can look like “And we couldn’t have done it without you” in donations style language or the trick some have been told of when someone is jealous ask them to help you to get them accustomed to feeling on your side. Seeking dependency implies incompetence to the envier, which lessens their feelings of inferiority. This study discounted gender, but interestingly this behavior is exactly what women are told to do when men are being aggressive towards them, implying that what the men may be feeling may indeed be envy for these women
First, the fear of being envied often increases envied targets’ attempts to ward off the potentially destructive effects of malicious envy—for example, by increased engagement in prosocial behaviors (van de Ven, Zeelenberg, & Pieters, 2010). To that end, envied targets may opt to request help from an envious peer as a means to flatter and praise them. Additionally, by seeking help, the envied target admits to at least some degree of dependency and incompetence, which in turn may lessen the threat they induce. Indeed, recent research found that revealing failures encountered on the path to success may be an effective means to reduce malicious envy (Brooks et al., 2019).
Less friendly and less generosity is a sign of increasing envy
Indeed, the fact that Rodriguez Mosquera et al. (2010) found that one of the key markers of being envied is the envied targets realizing that the envious individuals are becoming less friendly and generous toward them implies that encounters in which the envied target needs yet doesn’t receive sufficient support or assistance from envious others do in fact occur.
By opting to provide their peers with dependent rather than autonomous help, individuals can overtly conform (at least partially) to norms of cooperation and helping yet, at the same time, subtly maintain the help seekers’ incapability and dependency
In our work, we studied effects of malicious motivations toward envied outperforming others on help giving. We predominantly explored the type of help provided, distinguishing between two types of help: dependent help, which consists of providing the solution to the immediate problem only and thus reinforces recipients’ future reliance on others’ assistance, and autonomous help, where the helper also provides tools that develop the recipients’ capacities and enables them to later solve problems independently (Bamberger & Levi, 2009; Nadler, Harpaz-Gorodeisky, & BenDavid, 2009). By opting to provide their peers with dependent rather than autonomous help, individuals can overtly conform (at least partially) to norms of cooperation and helping yet, at the same time, subtly maintain the help seekers’ incapability and dependency
Envious people can be confused as non-envious people when understood in this way. One simply has to look if those they help become more or less dependent to see if they are envious or non-envious
. In organizational contexts, it also can serve as a source of power because of the reciprocal obligation incurred by the help recipient (Flynn, 2003b; Thibaut & Kelley, 1959), make people look cooperative, and enhance their perceived expertise and consequent performance evaluations, thereby boosting their self-esteem (Flynn, 2003a, 2006; Grant & Mayer, 2009; Hui, Lam, & Law, 2000; Warburton & Terry, 2000). On the one hand, envious people’s self-esteem threat (Tesser, 1988) may lead them to be excessively motivated to help others in order to gain the above-mentioned benefits. On the other hand, when contemplating whether to help an envied outperformer who triggers malicious motivations, additional factors may come into play and outdo these potential benefits. As noted above, these malicious motivations consist of the desire to level the gap by pulling down the envied target—that is, to belittle and otherwise harm them. Relatedly, numerous studies document a link between malicious motivations toward envied targets and schadenfreude, that is, taking pleasure in the maliciously envied target’s suffering (e.g., Cikara & Fiske, 2012; Hareli & Weiner, 2002; Krizan & Johar, 2012; Lange et al., 2018; Leach & Spears, 2008; R. H.
People are less willing to help a superior envied peer than a neutral peer. People show clearly marked lower willingness to help a superior peer.Hypothesis 1a: People will be less willing to help superior envied peers compared to neutral peers. Hypothesis 1b: The link between the type of peer (superior or neutral) and helping will be driven by feelings of envy and the consequent malicious motivations toward the peer. Specifically, increased feelings of envy toward a superior peer compared to a neutral peer will lead to relatively greater malicious motivations toward the superior peer, which in turn will lead to relatively lower willingness to help the superior peer.
Autonomous help is better for the receivers and more expensive for the givers, showing that those who provide true independence for others have stronger altruism drives.
When deciding whether to provide help, people also may contemplate about the type of help they provide: autonomous help or dependent help (Bamberger & Levi, 2009; Nadler et al., 2009). Autonomous help encourages recipients’ independence by providing tools that enable them to solve problems independently, while dependent help, which solely provides the solution to the specific problem, increases recipients’ dependency and need for future reliance on others’ assistance. Although autonomous help is often more beneficial for recipients (Geller & Bamberger, 2012), it obviously entails higher costs for its providers (e.g., investing more time and effort). From the helper’s perspective, recent work by Nadler and Chernyak-Hai (2014) found guiders were more likely to provide autonomous help to high- (vs. low-) status help seekers whom they viewed as more motivated and as sufficiently competent to make use of such help. We, however, offer that this may not be the case when the help seeker is a maliciously envied peer.
Moreover, given that envy-driven malicious motivations are typically socially unacceptable, and thus often not explicitly voiced (R. H. Smith, 1991; Vecchio, 2000), these hostile motivations are most likely to be manifested in covert, rather than overt, behaviors.
Extending this notion, we proposed that to the extent that the superior envied peer instigates malicious motivations, envious individuals are likely to prefer providing the superior peer with dependent rather than autonomous help. For maliciously motivated envious individuals, creating a situation in which the envied peer is dependent on them entails benefits associated with preserving a particular advantage, thereby restricting the disadvantageous gap and increasing their impaired self-esteem, sense of competence, and schadenfreude (enjoyment of others’ dependency and inability). Moreover, given that envy-driven malicious motivations are typically socially unacceptable, and thus often not explicitly voiced (R. H. Smith, 1991; Vecchio, 2000), these hostile motivations are most likely to be manifested in covert, rather than overt, behaviors.
When possible people will not help a superior other. But when it makes them look like they’re not team players, they will opt to make the person as dependent as possible to increase control to lower feelings of envy. They do not show that they care about the lowered opportunities this creates for other people that might have needed that person’s success. All they care about is relief from their envy.
Correspondingly, we expected the malicious motivations to be more observable in implicit behaviors, such as the type of help provided, than in the explicit decision of whether or not to help.
By keeping those they envy dependent, the envier is able to highlight their inability and dependence to attempt to get relief from aggressive feelings of hate and envy.
By opting to provide their envied peers with dependent rather than autonomous help, individuals can overtly be cooperative and help while at the same time subtly maintaining the envied help seekers’ inability and dependence.
Hypotheses
Hypothesis 2a: People will be less willing to provide autonomous help to superior envied peers compared to neutral peers. Hypothesis 2b: The link between the type of peer (superior or neutral) and type of help (autonomous vs. dependent) will be driven by feelings of envy and the consequent malicious motivations toward the peer. Specifically, increased feelings of envy toward a superior peer compared to a neutral peer will lead to relatively greater malicious motivations toward the superior peer, which in turn will lead to relatively lower willingness to provide the superior peer with autonomous help.
People who are prone to envy persist unnecessarily in comparing their own state with that of others
People who are prone to envy persist unnecessarily in comparing their own state with that of others (R. H. Smith et al., 1999). Recently, Lange and Crusius (2015) suggested that people also differ in their propensity to experience the different types of envy, that is, in their dispositional benign and malicious envy propensities.
Hypothesis 3: People with more envy will want to provide less help, particularly when the help-seeking peer is someone they perceive outperforms them.
Hypothesis 3: Individual’s dispositional malicious envy will be negatively related to their willingness to provide help, especially autonomous help to their peers, particularly when the help-seeking peer is an outperformer.
Doing things for someone without showing them how it’s done is a way to keep people dependent and resolve painful feelings of envy
, and three items measured their willingness to provide dependent help ( .92; e.g., “When helping Terry with a work-related problem, that I am more knowledgeable about than him, I would solve it for him, without showing him how I solved it”).4
People were much more willing to help someone they didn’t envy than someone they did.
In these analyses, we controlled for benign motivations in order to account for the possibility that participants may have been more willing to help the nonenvied (vs. envied) peer due to increased benign motivations,7 rather than increased malicious motivations toward the latter.8

The Canadian English Language Proficiency Index (CELPIP) is a vital gateway for immigration, citizenship, and professional opportunities in Canada. Acing this computer-based test requires focused preparation, and a well-structured CELPIP prep course can be your game-changer.
Why Choose a CELPIP Prep Course?
While self-study is an option, enrolling in a celpip preparation course offers a multitude of advantages:

• Structured Learning: Prep courses provide a clear roadmap to CELPIP success. They break down the test format, task types, and scoring criteria into easy-to-understand modules, ensuring you target all areas effectively.
• Expert Guidance: Benefit from the knowledge of experienced instructors who possess CELPIP expertise. They can identify your strengths and weaknesses, offering personalized feedback and tailored strategies to maximize your score.
• Practice Makes Perfect: Courses provide a wealth of practice materials, including mock tests that mirror the actual exam environment. This hones your test-taking skills, builds time management expertise, and boosts your confidence on test day.
• Vocabulary & Grammar Expansion: Many courses include targeted vocabulary-building exercises and grammar drills specifically aligned with CELPIP requirements. This refines your fluency and ensures your writing and speaking meet the expected standards.
• Personalized Feedback: Some courses offer one-on-one sessions or small group settings. Here, you can receive invaluable feedback on your writing and speaking samples, allowing you to pinpoint areas for improvement and tailor your approach for optimal results.

What to Expect from a CELPIP Prep Course:
The exact structure and content can vary depending on the provider and format (online vs in-person). However, you can generally expect the following:

1. Comprehensive Test Overview:

This initial stage lays the foundation for your CELPIP success. A good prep course will provide a thorough breakdown of the following:

• Test Format: You'll gain a crystal-clear understanding of the CELPIP structure, including the number of sections, time allocation for each, and the types of tasks you'll encounter.
• Task Types: Each CELPIP section (Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking) involves specific task formats. The course will meticulously explain what each task entails, what skills are assessed, and how to approach each one effectively.
• Scoring Criteria: Understanding how your test is scored is vital. The course will demystify the scoring rubrics, highlighting what examiners look for in each section and how to maximize your points in every task.
• Essential Test-Taking Strategies: There are proven strategies to approach the CELPIP that can significantly improve your performance. The course will equip you with time management techniques, active listening skills, effective reading comprehension approaches, and valuable writing and speaking frameworks – all designed to help you excel on test day.

1. Targeted Skills Development:

Acing the CELPIP isn't just about memorizing facts. It's about honing the specific skills required for each section. Here's how a prep course helps you achieve that:

• Listening: Sharpen your listening comprehension by focusing on identifying key points, understanding accents, and following the flow of conversations and lectures.
• Reading: Develop effective reading strategies to tackle various text types, improve your reading speed and comprehension, and strengthen your ability to analyze and infer information from the passages.
• Writing: The course will guide you in crafting clear, concise, and grammatically sound essays and letters that meet the specific CELPIP writing requirements. You'll learn effective vocabulary building techniques and practice writing under timed conditions.
• Speaking: Gain confidence in your spoken English! The course will provide opportunities to practice speaking on various topics, refine your fluency and pronunciation, and develop the ability to organize your thoughts and express yourself clearly and coherently.

1. Practice & Mock Tests:

Practice truly makes perfect when it comes to the CELPIP. A good prep course offers a wealth of practice materials to solidify your learning:

• Practice Questions: Test your understanding with a variety of practice questions that closely mirror the format and difficulty level of the actual CELPIP exam.
• Full-Length Mock Exams: Simulate the real test environment by taking full-length mock exams under timed conditions. This allows you to identify areas that need further work, get comfortable with the exam format, and develop effective time management strategies.
• Personalized Feedback: Some courses provide opportunities to receive feedback on your practice writing and speaking tasks. This invaluable feedback helps you identify and rectify any shortcomings before the actual test.

Choosing the Right CELPIP Prep Course:
With a plethora of courses available, selecting the perfect fit is crucial. Consider these factors:

• Learning Style: Do you prefer online flexibility or the structure of an in-person class? Choose a format that aligns with your learning preferences.
• Course Content: Ensure the course covers all aspects of the CELPIP and offers the level of detail you require.
• Budget: Prep course costs can vary. Determine your budget and find a course that delivers value for your investment.
• Student Reviews: Read testimonials from past students to gauge the course's effectiveness and instructor quality.

Invest in Your Success: Enroll in a CELPIP Prep Course Today.
Taking the CELPIP can feel daunting, but with a strategic prep course by your side, you'll be well-equipped to conquer the test and achieve your Canadian aspirations.

In the realm of computer science, computer networks play a pivotal role in enabling communication, resource sharing, and data exchange. As the digital landscape evolves, the demand for skilled professionals adept at managing and troubleshooting complex network systems continues to rise. For students pursuing advanced degrees in computer science, mastering the intricacies of computer networks is essential. At computernetworkassignmenthelp.com, we specialize in providing comprehensive assistance with computer assignments and delivering expertly crafted sample assignments to guide students through their academic journey. If you're ever in need of expert guidance, you can always count on us to "write my computer network assignment."
In this blog post, we will delve into two master-level computer network questions, offering detailed solutions crafted by our team of experts. These examples will not only aid in your understanding but also showcase the level of expertise you can expect when you seek our assistance.

Question 1: Network Design and Analysis

Scenario: A medium-sized enterprise is planning to upgrade its existing network infrastructure to support its growing operations. The company has three main departments: Sales, Research and Development (R&D), and Administration. Each department is housed in separate buildings within the same campus. The company requires a robust network design that ensures high availability, security, and scalability. The network should support the following requirements:

1. High-speed internet access for all departments.
2. Secure communication between departments.
3. Redundant paths to ensure network availability.
4. Scalable infrastructure to accommodate future growth.

Task: Design a network architecture that meets the above requirements. Provide a detailed explanation of the components used and justify your choices.
Solution:
Network Architecture Design:
To meet the requirements of the enterprise, we propose the following network design:

1. Core Layer:
   • Core Switches: Implement redundant high-performance core switches to ensure high availability and efficient traffic handling between departments.
   • Internet Gateway: A dual-homed internet gateway with redundant links to different ISPs to provide high-speed internet access and failover capability.
2. Distribution Layer:
   • Distribution Switches: Each department will have its own distribution switch. These switches connect the core switches to the access layer switches within each department. They also handle inter-departmental traffic and ensure secure communication.
3. Access Layer:
   • Access Switches: Deploy access switches in each building to connect end devices such as computers, printers, and other network devices. These switches provide PoE (Power over Ethernet) to power devices like IP phones and wireless access points.
   • Wireless Access Points (WAPs): Install WAPs throughout each department's building to provide wireless connectivity for mobile devices.
4. Security Components:
   • Firewalls: Implement next-generation firewalls at the internet gateway and between the core and distribution layers to protect against external and internal threats.
   • VPN (Virtual Private Network): Set up VPNs to enable secure remote access for employees working off-site.
5. Redundancy and Scalability:
   • Link Aggregation: Use link aggregation (LACP) between switches to increase bandwidth and provide redundancy.
   • Modular Switches: Opt for modular switches at the core and distribution layers to allow for easy scalability as the network grows.

Justification:

• Core Layer: The core switches are the backbone of the network, handling all inter-departmental traffic. Redundancy at this layer is crucial to prevent a single point of failure.
• Distribution Layer: By segmenting the network at the distribution layer, we can control and secure traffic between departments more effectively.
• Access Layer: Access switches with PoE capabilities are essential for powering devices and maintaining a clean cabling infrastructure.
• Security Components: Firewalls and VPNs are necessary to protect sensitive company data and provide secure access for remote workers.
• Redundancy and Scalability: Link aggregation and modular switches ensure that the network can handle increased traffic and be easily expanded in the future.

By implementing this network design, the enterprise can achieve high availability, secure communication, and a scalable infrastructure to support future growth.

Question 2: Advanced Network Troubleshooting

Scenario: An organization is experiencing intermittent network connectivity issues, which are affecting their productivity. The IT department has identified that the problem occurs sporadically and affects multiple devices across different departments. You have been tasked with troubleshooting and resolving the issue.
Task: Outline a systematic troubleshooting approach to identify and resolve the intermittent connectivity issue. Provide a detailed explanation of the steps involved and the tools you would use.
Solution:
Step 1: Define the Problem

• Gather Information: Collect detailed information about the issue, including the frequency of occurrences, affected devices, and any error messages received.
• Identify Symptoms: Document the symptoms experienced by users, such as slow internet speeds, dropped connections, or specific application failures.

Step 2: Develop a Hypothesis

• Analyze Patterns: Look for patterns in the occurrences, such as specific times of day, particular devices, or common activities that might be triggering the issue.
• Check for Recent Changes: Investigate any recent changes to the network, such as new hardware installations, software updates, or configuration changes that might have introduced the problem.

Step 3: Isolate the Problem

• Divide and Conquer: Use a methodical approach to isolate the problem. This could involve segmenting the network and testing each segment individually to identify the affected area.
• Use Diagnostic Tools: Employ network diagnostic tools such as ping, traceroute, and network analyzers (e.g., Wireshark) to pinpoint the location of the issue.

Step 4: Test the Hypothesis

• Replicate the Issue: Try to replicate the issue in a controlled environment to confirm the hypothesis. This may involve creating test scenarios or using network simulation tools.
• Monitor Network Traffic: Use network monitoring tools to observe traffic patterns and identify any anomalies that coincide with the connectivity issues.

Step 5: Implement a Solution

• Fix Configuration Issues: If the problem is related to a configuration error, such as incorrect settings on a router or switch, make the necessary adjustments.
• Replace Faulty Hardware: If faulty hardware is identified, such as a failing network card or a malfunctioning switch, replace the hardware and test the network to ensure the issue is resolved.
• Update Firmware/Software: Ensure that all network devices are running the latest firmware and software updates to prevent known bugs from causing issues.

Step 6: Verify and Document

• Verify Resolution: Once the solution is implemented, monitor the network to confirm that the issue is resolved and that connectivity is stable.
• Document the Process: Document the troubleshooting process, including the steps taken, tools used, and the final resolution. This documentation will be valuable for future reference and in case similar issues arise.

Tools Used:

• Ping and Traceroute: Basic network diagnostic tools to test connectivity and identify where the connection is breaking down.
• Wireshark: A network protocol analyzer that captures and analyzes network traffic to help identify the source of issues.
• Network Monitoring Tools: Tools like SolarWinds or Nagios to monitor network performance and detect anomalies in real-time.
• Configuration Management Tools: Tools like Ansible or Puppet to manage and audit network configurations systematically.

By following this systematic troubleshooting approach, you can effectively identify and resolve intermittent network connectivity issues, ensuring minimal disruption to the organization’s operations.

Conclusion

Mastering computer networks requires a deep understanding of both theoretical concepts and practical troubleshooting skills. The questions and solutions provided in this blog are just a glimpse of the expertise our team at computernetworkassignmenthelp.com brings to the table. Whether you're struggling with complex network designs or facing challenging troubleshooting scenarios, our experts are here to help. The next time you find yourself thinking, "I need someone to write my computer network assignment," remember that we're just a click away, ready to provide the assistance you need to succeed.
Feel free to reach out to us for any computer network assignment help, and let our experts guide you through the complexities of your coursework. With our support, you can confidently tackle any network-related challenge that comes your way.

The Canadian English Language Proficiency Index (CELPIP) is a vital gateway for immigration, citizenship, and professional opportunities in Canada. Acing this computer-based test requires focused preparation, and a well-structured CELPIP prep course can be your game-changer.
Why Choose a CELPIP Prep Course?
While self-study is an option, enrolling in a celpip preparation course offers a multitude of advantages:

• Structured Learning: Prep courses provide a clear roadmap to CELPIP success. They break down the test format, task types, and scoring criteria into easy-to-understand modules, ensuring you target all areas effectively.
• Expert Guidance: Benefit from the knowledge of experienced instructors who possess CELPIP expertise. They can identify your strengths and weaknesses, offering personalized feedback and tailored strategies to maximize your score.
• Practice Makes Perfect: Courses provide a wealth of practice materials, including mock tests that mirror the actual exam environment. This hones your test-taking skills, builds time management expertise, and boosts your confidence on test day.
• Vocabulary & Grammar Expansion: Many courses include targeted vocabulary-building exercises and grammar drills specifically aligned with CELPIP requirements. This refines your fluency and ensures your writing and speaking meet the expected standards.
• Personalized Feedback: Some courses offer one-on-one sessions or small group settings. Here, you can receive invaluable feedback on your writing and speaking samples, allowing you to pinpoint areas for improvement and tailor your approach for optimal results.

What to Expect from a CELPIP Prep Course:
The exact structure and content can vary depending on the provider and format (online vs in-person). However, you can generally expect the following:

1. Comprehensive Test Overview:

This initial stage lays the foundation for your CELPIP success. A good prep course will provide a thorough breakdown of the following:

• Test Format: You'll gain a crystal-clear understanding of the CELPIP structure, including the number of sections, time allocation for each, and the types of tasks you'll encounter.
• Task Types: Each CELPIP section (Listening, Reading, Writing, and Speaking) involves specific task formats. The course will meticulously explain what each task entails, what skills are assessed, and how to approach each one effectively.
• Scoring Criteria: Understanding how your test is scored is vital. The course will demystify the scoring rubrics, highlighting what examiners look for in each section and how to maximize your points in every task.
• Essential Test-Taking Strategies: There are proven strategies to approach the CELPIP that can significantly improve your performance. The course will equip you with time management techniques, active listening skills, effective reading comprehension approaches, and valuable writing and speaking frameworks – all designed to help you excel on test day.

1. Targeted Skills Development:

Acing the CELPIP isn't just about memorizing facts. It's about honing the specific skills required for each section. Here's how a prep course helps you achieve that:

• Listening: Sharpen your listening comprehension by focusing on identifying key points, understanding accents, and following the flow of conversations and lectures.
• Reading: Develop effective reading strategies to tackle various text types, improve your reading speed and comprehension, and strengthen your ability to analyze and infer information from the passages.
• Writing: The course will guide you in crafting clear, concise, and grammatically sound essays and letters that meet the specific CELPIP writing requirements. You'll learn effective vocabulary building techniques and practice writing under timed conditions.
• Speaking: Gain confidence in your spoken English! The course will provide opportunities to practice speaking on various topics, refine your fluency and pronunciation, and develop the ability to organize your thoughts and express yourself clearly and coherently.

1. Practice & Mock Tests:

Practice truly makes perfect when it comes to the CELPIP. A good prep course offers a wealth of practice materials to solidify your learning:

• Practice Questions: Test your understanding with a variety of practice questions that closely mirror the format and difficulty level of the actual CELPIP exam.
• Full-Length Mock Exams: Simulate the real test environment by taking full-length mock exams under timed conditions. This allows you to identify areas that need further work, get comfortable with the exam format, and develop effective time management strategies.
• Personalized Feedback: Some courses provide opportunities to receive feedback on your practice writing and speaking tasks. This invaluable feedback helps you identify and rectify any shortcomings before the actual test.

Choosing the Right CELPIP Prep Course:
With a plethora of courses available, selecting the perfect fit is crucial. Consider these factors:

• Learning Style: Do you prefer online flexibility or the structure of an in-person class? Choose a format that aligns with your learning preferences.
• Course Content: Ensure the course covers all aspects of the CELPIP and offers the level of detail you require.
• Budget: Prep course costs can vary. Determine your budget and find a course that delivers value for your investment.
• Student Reviews: Read testimonials from past students to gauge the course's effectiveness and instructor quality.

Invest in Your Success: Enroll in a CELPIP Prep Course Today.
Taking the CELPIP can feel daunting, but with a strategic prep course by your side, you'll be well-equipped to conquer the test and achieve your Canadian aspirations.