Abortion graph of 2011

# Today In Phishstory - June 1st Brought to you by tiph-bot. Beep.
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Phish

Phish, Wednesday 06/01/2022 (2 years ago) Credit One Stadium, Charleston, SC, USA
Gap Chart, Tour: 2022 Spring Tour
Set 1 : Cool It Down , Foam , Knuckle Bone Broth Avenue , Dirt , 555 > Gumbo > Backwards Down the Number Line > The Wedge , About to Run , Divided Sky
Set 2 : Wilson > Simple , Prince Caspian -> Egg in a Hole > Piper > Prince Caspian , Lonely Trip > Back on the Train , Most Events Aren't Planned , Blaze On
Encore : Nothing > When the Circus Comes , The Oh Kee Pa Ceremony > Suzy Greenberg
Jamchart Notes:
Backwards Down the Number Line - Great versions produce different points to view. Be it 7/8/14's summertime "Line"d up shimmery shake; Pitt 17's huge, crazed sustain; or 10/20/21's incendiary take; this here jam features what the best "BDNTLS" have in common: Fire Trey. Largely straightforward guitar whose inspired improvisation, offset by impassioned Fish, is the best of its type, carrying you not so much backwards, as away.
Simple - Multi-faceted shapeshifter cruises through an array of styles ranging from heavenly bliss to industrial funk, eventually ascending to a sizable peak and then briefly returns to "Simple" to close.
Piper - > from "Egg in a Hole". A familiar propulsive jam develops, with the music initially coalescing around a repeated minor key motif from Trey. Fishman and Mike's driving rhythms provide a bedrock for Trey and Page to dole out a bevy of varying textures. The jam threatens to fall apart but comes back alive via a "Manteca" tease. This then morphs into a peaky, psychedelic hard rocking jam before executing a rickety > "Prince Caspian."
Show Notes:
Mike teased Do You Feel Like We Do before Dirt. Trey teased Prince Caspian near the end of Egg in a Hole. Piper contained Guy Forget teases and quotes from Page and Manteca teases from Trey. Nothing was last played on January 15, 2017 (158 shows). The Oh Kee Pa Ceremony was last played October 20, 2018 (108 shows). The soundcheck's My Soul had Guy Forget lyrics from Fish.
Listen now at Phish.in!
Phish, Wednesday 06/01/2011 (13 years ago) PNC Bank Arts Center, Holmdel, NJ, USA
Gap Chart, Tour: 2011 Early Summer Tour
Set 1 : First Tube , Stealing Time From the Faulty Plan , Camel Walk , Heavy Things , Gotta Jibboo , Wilson > Seven Below > Kill Devil Falls , Axilla > Split Open and Melt , Suzy Greenberg
Set 2 : Tweezer > No Quarter ¹ , Carini ² > Piper > Twist > Ghost > Backwards Down the Number Line
Encore : Show of Life > Tweezer Reprise
1 Phish debut. 2 Unfinished.
Jamchart Notes:
No Quarter - Debut of the "Led Zeppelin" classic emerges > from a foggy "Tweezer".
Backwards Down the Number Line - Fiery and rocking "Type I" version with a nice big peak.
Show Notes:
This gig featured the Phish debut of Led Zeppelin's No Quarter. Trey subsequently teased No Quarter in both Ghost and Number Line. Carini was unfinished.
Listen now at Phish.in!
Phish, Friday 06/01/1990 (34 years ago) The Cotton Club, Atlanta, GA, USA
Gap Chart, Tour: 1990 Tour
Set 1 : Take the 'A' Train > Reba , Colonel Forbin's Ascent ¹ > Fly Famous Mockingbird , Bathtub Gin , David Bowie , Lawn Boy , Bouncing Around the Room , The Oh Kee Pa Ceremony > AC/DC Bag
Set 2 : Rocky Top ² , Uncle Pen ² , Run Like an Antelope ³ , Mike's Song > I Am Hydrogen > Weekapaug Groove , Hold Your Head Up ⁴ > Fee ⁵ , Terrapin ⁶ > Hold Your Head Up , Possum , Fee , Big Black Furry Creature from Mars , Contact
1 Lyrics changed to refer to Col. (Bruce) Hampton. 2 "Reverend" Jeff Mosier on banjo. 3 "Reverend" Jeff Mosier on banjo and Oteil Burbridge on bass. 4 Crowd chanted for Fee as Fish took the stage. Fish sounded perplexed and remarked that he doesn't sing Fee, but Trey and Page started the song up anyway and left Fish on the spot. 5 Fish on vocals, aborted in chorus after first verse. [6] Fish on trombone.
Jamchart Notes:
Run Like an Antelope - Awesome version with the "Reverend" Jeff Mosier on banjo and Oteil Burbridge on bass. Great intro, good jam with a huge peak, and then a cool breakdown jam featuring the bass acompanied with scat singing.
Show Notes:
After Reba, the crowd was chanting "cheeseburger." Fish and Trey subsequently went into a rap about burgers. Trey dedicated Forbin's to the Colonial (Bruce Hampton). Forbin's was then performed with a variety of lyric substitutions of Col. (Bruce) Hampton for Col Forbin. Rocky Top through Antelope featured the "Reverend" Jeff Mosier on banjo; Antelope also featured Oteil Burbridge on bass. As Fish took the stage during HYHU, the crowd chanted for Fee. Fish sounded perplexed and remarked that he doesn't sing Fee, but Trey and Page started the song up anyway and left Fish on the spot. He tried his best and got through the first verse before falling apart during the chorus. Terrapin featured Fish on trombone. The band said "Fee" several times at that start of Possum, which contained subsequent Blue Monk teases from Trey and a Rhapsody in Blue tease from Page. BBFCFM contained an Auld Lang Syne tease from Trey. The source of Set I is phish.com.
Listen now at Phish.in!
Phish, 1986-06-01 Boston Harbor, Boston, MA, USA
Setlist: https://phish.net/setlists/phish-june-01-1986-boston-harbor-boston-ma-usa.html
Tour: 1986 Tour
Show Notes: This show was performed on a boat in Boston Harbor as part of the Cambridge School graduation festivities. Mike's brother assisted Phish in securing the gig.

Trey Anastasio

Trey Anastasio Band, 2019-06-01 The Tabernacle, Atlanta, GA, USA
Setlist: https://phish.net/setlists/trey-anastasio-june-01-2019-the-tabernacle-atlanta-ga-usa.html
Tour: Not Part of a Tour
Show Notes: This show was webcast via Live Phish and featured the TAB debut of Friend. Brian and Robert and More were performed by Trey solo acoustic.
Trey Anastasio Band, 2002-06-01 Thomas & Mack Center, Las Vegas, NV, USA
Setlist: https://phish.net/setlists/trey-anastasio-june-01-2002-thomas-mack-center-las-vegas-nv-usa.html
Tour: TAB - The Dectet Summer 2002 Tour
Show Notes: The Roots, and then Antibalas opened. Trey performed "Thunderhead" acoustic.

Mike Gordon

Mike Gordon, 2019-06-01 Red Rocks Amphitheatre, Morrison, CO, USA
Setlist: https://phish.net/setlists/mike-gordon-june-01-2019-red-rocks-amphitheatre-morrison-co-usa-2.html
Tour: Not Part of a Tour
Show Notes: White Denim and Mike Gordon opened for moe.
Grappa Boom, 2003-06-01 Higher Ground, Winooski, VT, USA
Setlist: https://phish.net/setlists/mike-gordon-june-01-2003-higher-ground-winooski-vt-usa.html
Tour: Mike - Grappa Boom
Show Notes:

John Fishman

Jazz Mandolin Project, 2004-06-01 Stella Blue, Albuquerque, NM, USA
Setlist: https://phish.net/setlists/jon-fishman-june-01-2004-stella-blue-albuquerque-nm-usa.html
Tour: Fish - Jazz Mandolin Project Summer 2004 Tour
Show Notes:

Page McConnell

Page McConnell, 2007-06-01 Lupo's at the Strand, Providence, RI, USA
Setlist: https://phish.net/setlists/page-mcconnell-june-01-2007-lupos-heartbreak-hotel-providence-ri-usa.html
Tour: Page McConnell Spring & Summer 2007 Tour
Show Notes: Carl "Geerz" Gerhard sat in on trumpet for "Cars Trucks Buses."

Other

moe., 2019-06-01 Red Rocks Amphitheatre, Morrison, CO, USA
Setlist: https://phish.net/setlists/mike-gordon-june-01-2019-red-rocks-amphitheatre-morrison-co-usa.html
Tour: Not Part of a Tour
Show Notes: Mike sat in on In Memory of Elizabeth Reed.

0
I made a PowerShell script to process terminations for my company. It uses different modules such as MSOLOnline AzureADPreview and ExchangeOnlineManagement. I would then use ps2exe to convert it to an EXE file so it could be portable for others to use. But recently for some reason it keeps throwing an error when running it from the EXE file and freezing the gui. The strange part is I have no issues when running it from vscode. It had worked for months prior and even if I got back to versions where I know it worked fine previous, myself and others run into the same issue. Currently my theory is that when a command fails, such as a search for a mailbox, it crashes the related services such as ExchangeOnlineManagement. Or if it looks for assigned licenses in azure and there are none (failed), crashes the AzureADPreview service/connection. At this point though I'm finding it hard to narrow down as the script is about 4000 lines long. Another weird part, is that after loading up the GUI, the script will work for one termination, then get the error when trying the next.
Here are the errors I get on the EXE file and not running straight from VSCode.

ERROR: Error reading JToken from JsonReader. Path '', line 0, position 0. ERROR: An error occurred while receiving the HTTP response to https://provisioningapi.microsoftonline.com/provisioningwebservice.svc. This could be due to the service endpoint binding not using the HTTP protocol. This could also be due to an HTTP request context being aborted by the server (possibly due to the service shutting down). See server logs for more details

I know these modules are deprecated now, and I'm debating trying to re-create the script on PowerShell 7 with Microsoft Graph. But since we got a bunch of people using this script I'd at least like to get it back up and running asap.

• I've tried different versions of my script, from when I knew it was working.
• I've tried re-ordering certain items in the script as I know the connect commands can get funky if called in the middle of a gui.
• I've tried to narrow down which command or specific module it could come from with no luck.
• I've wondered if somehow my "clear page" button is the problem, since it works for one termination, then freezes on the second. But all it is doing is clearing some variables and textboxes

They can’t rule by compulsion alone.
People support them to gain power or advance their careers, because they like giving orders or take comfort in receiving them. They act on their prejudice or pocketbook, religious beliefs or political ideals at first, then on their fear.
They may not realize what they’re supporting until it’s too late.
In 1953, less than a year before [Salomea] Genin came to Germany, more than a million East Germans took part in strikes and demonstrations across the country. They were protesting low wages and inhuman production quotas, fuel shortages and rising food prices. Within days, Soviet forces had crushed the uprising, marching on more than fifty cities and arresting some fifteen thousand protesters. In East Berlin, Soviet tanks charged into unarmed crowds and troops fired on civilians.
Genin didn’t believe any of it.
Those stories were just capitalist lies, she thought. Like the American socialists who admired Stalin in the nineteen-thirties, or the Russians who support the war in Ukraine today, she accepted the government’s version of events. The Army wasn’t attacking innocent civilians in Berlin; it was protecting them from totalitarianism. The workers’ uprising was really a fascist coup. By 1954, when Genin arrived in West Berlin, more than thirty thousand East Germans were fleeing across the border into the West each month. According to Genin, this was another example of the West bleeding the East dry—luring its citizens with false hopes of wealth and ease.
When the Wall went up across Berlin, seven years later, she was all for it.
The East Germans had to protect themselves from bad influences, she thought.
The Wall wasn’t meant to keep them in; it was meant to keep their enemies out.
The Party was antifascist, pro-union, and radically egalitarian. Its meetings were fired with optimism and a fierce sense of belonging—everything Salomea had been missing at home. Soon, she was handing out leaflets and selling copies of Youth Voice in downtown Melbourne, reading Lenin (“Marx is too complicated,” she was told), and giving speeches on the steps of the Commonwealth Bank.
Finally, in 1961, after having coffee with the rather handsome gentleman who’d stopped her on the street, Genin got her wish: she became a Stasi informant, and later a citizen of the G.D.R.
The agent’s report after the meeting left one question unanswered, though even some of the Stasi must have asked it: Why would anyone want to move to East Germany?
The Stasi files offer an astonishingly granular picture of life in a dictatorship—how ordinary people act under suspicious eyes.
Nearly three hundred thousand East Germans were working for the Stasi by the time the Wall fell, in 1989, including some two hundred thousand inoffizielle Mitarbeiter, or unofficial collaborators, like Genin.
In a population of sixteen million, that was one spy for every fifty to sixty people.
On the evening of January 15, 1990, two months after the Wall fell, more than ten thousand protesters gathered outside the main gate of Stasi Central, carrying bricks and shouting, “If you don’t let us in, we’ll wall you in!” It was a long time coming. Most Stasi offices elsewhere in the country had been seized a few weeks earlier. The agents at Stasi Central were soaking pages and turning them to pulp, so there was no telltale smoke above the facility. Still, David Gill, [the head of the citizens’ committee that was formed after the complex was seized] said, “everyone knew.”
When I asked him why they waited two months to save the files, he said, “That’s a question that I often ask myself.”
Gill is now the German consul-general of New York, a seasoned diplomat with plump cheeks, impish eyes, and a calm, knowing manner. After reunification, he earned a law degree and served as chief of staff for Joachim Gauck, the President of Germany from 2012 to 2017. But in 1990 he was just a former plumber who was studying to be a Protestant minister like his father. He joined the citizens’ committee by chance, after talking to a fellow-protester who took him to meet the leaders of the occupation, and was soon elected to be its president.
He was one of the few committee members with any political experience.
After tenth grade, he had attended a parochial school not recognized by the state, where the curriculum wasn’t dictated by Marxist-Leninist principles. “I was unideologized,” he told me.
“We had a student parliament, so I was used to debating and giving speeches—nothing you would have learned in regular school.”
Even in the giddy months of the Peaceful Revolution, as it was called, the Stasi files were a point of bitter dispute. One faction of the citizens’ committee wanted to preserve them; the other wanted to destroy them. East Germans feared that the records could still be used against them. West Germans worried that the files would expose some of their own intelligence agents. Only the Stasi knew what was in the files, and they warned that the information could destroy all of East German society. “They said, ‘These files are social dynamite—the whole country will blow up,’ ” Gill told me.
“ ‘People will be killing their neighbors because they worked for the Stasi.’ ”
Those in favor of destruction were in the majority at first, Roland Jahn, an East German dissident who went on to direct the Stasi archive, told me. “Many West Germans, including Helmut Kohl, were also of the opinion that these files are poison,” he said.
“That was one of our biggest mistakes,” Gill told me.
“We shouldn’t have followed the fearmongers.” Stasi espionage in the West was often used against citizens in the East, he explained: “They wanted to inform themselves about the East German opposition via their West German supporters, and to know when people planned to escape.” Still, Gill and the others drew the line at destroying the rest of the files.
They knew how quickly a country could forget its past.
After the Second World War, the Allies tried to “de-Nazify” the West German population, insisting that former Nazi Party members compile lengthy dossiers to prove their innocence or their contrition. But most of the evidence was buried or whitewashed: fewer than seven thousand West Germans were convicted of crimes that they had committed as Party members. Twenty years later, during the student protests of the late sixties, the West German government and military were found to be riddled with former Nazis. “I think this is deep-seated in the culture—the idea that our history teaches us something,” Dagmar Hovestädt, the former head of research and outreach for the Stasi archive, told me.
“We messed up twice—once horrifically."
"...Never again should that happen.”
The extent of Stasi spying came as a shock to [Dieter] Tietze at first, though he had lived in its midst most of his life.
Yet he radiates no sense of impassioned purpose. He just comes to the office day after day, like the Stasi before him, and methodically reassembles what they destroyed. As we talked, Tietze laid the matching halves of a page on a plastic mat crosshatched with graph lines. The page was from the Stasi division in charge of surveillance devices.
Tietze is careful not to divulge information from the reconstructed pages to anyone, not even his family.
A document might mention someone whom the Stasi spied on, and he has no right to that information. “These files are contaminated,” Dagmar Hovestädt told me. “They were compiled with constant violations of human rights. Nobody ever gave consent.” When the files were opened to the public, careful limits were put on how they could be accessed. People can request to see what the Stasi wrote about them, but not about anyone else. Every name in the file has to be redacted, save for the reader’s own and those of Stasi agents. The only exceptions are public figures, people who have consented to have their files released, and those who have been dead for more than thirty years. “The moral point is this: the Stasi don’t get to decide what we read,” Hovestädt said. “We decide."
As a Stasi informant, Genin learned to blind herself to the reality around her.
But even ordinary East Germans had to do the same. From the moment they started school, their actions were freighted with political consequence. Kindergartners sang Marxist-Leninist anthems. Teen-agers signed petitions denouncing the Prague Spring. Adults voted in every election, though only Socialist Unity Party candidates were on the ballot. Everyone marched in parades and hung flags from their porches, even if their friends or relatives were in a Stasi prison.
“Nobody was just a rebel or conformist,” Roland Jahn, the former dissident, wrote in his 2014 book, “Wir Angepassten” (“We Who Adapted”).
Living in the G.D.R. was an unending Eiertanz—like dancing on a floor covered with eggs.
The cost of dissent was so great, the fear so deep and unconscious, that people learned to unsee the Wall itself.
“I can’t remember ever having a serious, detailed conversation about it,” Jahn wrote. “Not about the Wall, or the order to fire at those who tried to cross it, or those who died doing so. Not in the family, not among friends. Only occasionally, when the Wall appeared on West German television, would we turn to one another and shake our heads. Wasn’t it terrible that this existed? As if all of this was happening to other people and we weren’t held captive by the Wall ourselves.”
When lockdowns and mandatory covid testing were imposed during the pandemic, they said it was like living under the Stasi.
The Stasi files offer a startling corrective to such accounts—like cataract surgery on a societal scale.“That’s why this archive is so important,” Elmar Kramer, a spokesperson at the archive, told me. “There was no freedom of the press in the G.D.R., no freedom of speech. There was a shoot-at-will order at the Wall. You can see it right there.”
Political prisoners...were strip-searched, isolated, and kept awake for days at a time. Some were locked in rubber cells, outdoor cages, or basement lockers so damp that their skin began to rot. The end goal for Stasi interrogators, Fuchs wrote, was the “disintegration of the soul.”
Yet the files, in their way, give an equally distorted view of German life.
Once they were released, every moment was seen through the lens of a surveillance camera, every decision through a prism of complicity and betrayal. If government support for reconstructing the files has flagged, it may be because the story they tell is too black-and-white.
With one stroke, the files divided East Germany in two—into victims and collaborators, when almost everyone had been a little of both.
No archive can truly capture a nation’s lived experience, no matter how many documents it contains. The Stasi files are like a history of the United States told through the annals of the F.B.I. and the C.I.A.: a succession of wiretaps, interrogations, political coups, and misinformation—an America as real as it is unrecognizable. And yet that dark, disorienting perspective is what makes the files essential. They’re the version of our history that we can’t admit to ourselves.
After the Arab Spring, in 2011, delegations from Tunisia and Egypt visited the Stasi archive, hoping to learn how they might contend with their own authoritarian pasts.
But few countries have followed Germany’s example.
Revolutionaries tend to keep a government’s secrets even after they’ve overthrown it.
When the Soviet Union broke apart, in 1991, activists called for the release of the K.G.B. archives, but the Yeltsin government demurred. Seven years later, when Vladimir Putin became Prime Minister, there were few public records that could expose his role in Soviet repression, no surveillance transcripts or torture records to temper nostalgia for the Communist era. It came as no surprise, when the Russian Army invaded Ukraine two years ago, that archives were among its primary targets. More than five hundred libraries have been damaged or demolished, and military police have seized or destroyed K.G.B. records, Ukrainian archives, and books on Ukrainian resistance and independence movements.
If you want to erase a country, start by erasing its memory.
Those stories, more than any tale of double agents or government duplicity, are the heart of the Stasi files. They’re a reminder that “perfectly normal, decent people are capable of this,” as Dagmar Hovestädt put it. “By pretending that they’re evil, we forgo the lesson. We forget how close we are to being captured in the same situation.” The Stasi operated the largest intelligence network in the world, per capita, yet the people they spied on still outnumbered them more than fifty to one. Had East Germans rebelled en masse, nothing could have saved the system.
“Dictatorships need the middle to function, and the vast majority of people are in the middle,” Hovestädt said.
“They don’t stick up their heads.”
Salomea Genin did admit to her own complicity eventually, but her awakening was slow to come.
She was waiting to watch the West German news on television one night, in the fall of 1982, when an ad came on for a documentary series on the rise of Hitler. Genin had always wondered how so many Germans could claim that they didn’t know what the Nazis were doing to their Jewish neighbors. How could they have been so schizophrenic? Now it struck her that she was no different. “My whole life, I had thought about this sentence of George Santayana’s, that those who forget history are doomed to repeat it,” she told me. “And suddenly I realized that it applied to me, too. That this socialism was not what it claimed to be. That it was, in fact, a police state—and, what’s more, I had helped to make it so.”
-Burkhard Bilger, excerpted and adapted from Piecing Together the Secrets of the Stasi

Joe Perez is exactly the type of voter President Biden and former President Donald J. Trump are fighting over: A 22-year-old Hispanic man in Las Vegas who grew up leaning Republican, he also supports abortion rights and was turned off by the Capitol rioters on Jan. 6, 2021.
But Mr. Perez — unenthusiastic about a Biden-Trump rematch, overwhelmed by the news and disillusioned by politics — is tuning out.
“If you ask me right now what’s going on with, like, the presidential race, or the situation in Gaza or Ukraine or whatever, I don’t think I can answer,” said Mr. Perez, who supported Mr. Trump in 2020 and is intrigued by Robert F. Kennedy Jr. now. “I’m not trying to follow that anymore.”
Instead, said Mr. Perez, a valet who hopes to become a firefighter, “I’m just going to have to roll with the punches, because I don’t think I’m going to make a difference.”
In fact, people like him could be quite important.
Politically disengaged Americans are emerging as one of the most unpredictable, complex and potentially influential groups of voters in the 2024 race. They are fueling Mr. Trump’s current polling leads but in many cases hail from traditionally Democratic communities, giving Mr. Biden a chance to win some of them back — if he can get their attention.
No shortage of events could jolt alienated voters over the next five months, starting with a verdict in the first criminal trial of a former president in American history, which could arrive this week. Even though many of these people are historically infrequent voters, those who do cast ballots could make the difference in an inevitably close race.
But reaching them is a problem. Campaigns up and down the ballot are operating in an ever-more-fragmented media landscape where misinformation thrives — spread especially by Mr. Trump and his allies — and basic facts are often ignored, disputed or filtered through a partisan lens.
“People have really separated into their own information cul-de-sacs,” said former Representative Stephanie Murphy, a Florida Democrat. “It’s harder now to reach people than it was in previous elections because of that disaggregated or decentralized information network.”
In a presidential election in which more than 80 percent of voters, according to a Pew Research Center survey, say they wish one or both major candidates were not running, some are opting out of straight-ahead political news entirely.
When your team’s losing, you don’t read the sports page’
In a presidential election in which more than 80 percent of voters, according to a Pew Research Center survey, say they wish one or both major candidates were not running, some are opting out of straight-ahead political news entirely.
That is evident in polling about current events.
Recent New York Times/Siena College/Philadelphia Inquirer surveys found that nearly 20 percent of voters in battleground states said Mr. Biden was responsible for ending the constitutional right to abortion, even though it was Mr. Trump’s choices for the Supreme Court who helped overturn Roe v. Wade.
Almost half of the country believes the unemployment rate is at a 50-year high, a Harris poll conducted for The Guardian found, even though it is near a 50-year low.
And in a recent Politico-Morning Consult poll, voters were divided over who had done more to “promote infrastructure improvements and job creation.” Mr. Biden signed a $1 trillion infrastructure bill into law, while Mr. Trump repeatedly failed to advance the issue.
“When your team’s losing, you don’t read the sports page after the game,” said Ken Goldstein, a professor of politics at the University of San Francisco. “You have a big swath of the country that just thinks they’re losing when it comes to politics, and so the way to deal with that is to just not pay attention.”
Low-information voters are hardly a new phenomenon: Landmark studies dating back nearly 80 years have found that the public is often uninformed on key issues.
And many Americans are indeed following this contest.
A Gallup survey released this month showed that 71 percent said they had given “quite a lot” of thought to the upcoming presidential election, in keeping with findings around this time in 2020 and 2008.
Voters who are paying less attention, pollsters say, tend to be younger or more working-class, and are more likely to engage late in the race, if they do at all.
“It’s not that politics is unimportant to them, but they have other priorities,” said Whit Ayres, a veteran Republican pollster. “Turning out the low-information voters who favor your candidate is one of the major tasks of political consultants.”
An NBC News poll conducted last month found that 15 percent of voters surveyed said they did not follow political news closely. Among those voters, Mr. Trump had an edge of 26 percentage points over Mr. Biden.
By contrast, among voters who primarily consume news through newspapers, national network and cable news — 54 percent of those surveyed — Mr. Biden was up by 11 points.
Mr. Trump’s commanding lead among the politically disengaged underscores how hard it may be for Mr. Biden to translate his record and vision into a galvanizing and attention-grabbing message for these voters, some of whom are firmly committed to Mr. Trump.
But some Democrats also see an opportunity.
“A single piece of information might have a radical impact on them, because they are by definition low-information,” former Mayor Bill de Blasio of New York said.
Pointing to subjects like Mr. Trump’s record on abortion rights or Mr. Biden’s work to lower the cost of insulin for older people, he added: “That doesn’t take a lot of explaining. It takes focusing people, it takes jolting them, but these are not complex points to get across.”
Mr. Trump also remains unpopular, and Democrats are betting that he will grow weaker as more voters see reminders of what they disliked about him.
Republicans, however, note that most Americans drew conclusions about Mr. Trump and Mr. Biden years ago — and that many voters are not following the former president’s provocations closely.
“Trump, I think he gets up there and talks a lot of stuff,” said Carla Williams, 50, of Detroit.
But Ms. Williams, who said she was often too busy with her work at an auto factory and a hotel to follow the news closely, said she was considering him anyway. She faulted Mr. Biden, whom she said she supported in 2020, for the high cost of living.
“People out here are struggling,” she said. “Everything is expensive.”
For voters who pay less attention to the news, “short-term forces” tend to play a dominant role in their thinking about politics, said Christopher H. Achen, an emeritus professor of politics at Princeton University.
“If the price of eggs goes up, they’re more likely to vote against the incumbent, even if the incumbent has nothing to do with the price of eggs,” he said.
Those are among the concerns driving Paul Ferando, 61, of Henderson, Nev., to consider voting for the first time, he said.
“You go to the grocery store, 150 bucks for one bag,” said Mr. Ferando, who works in construction and said he was too busy to closely follow the news. “It’s a joke.”
He added of Mr. Trump, “This year I might vote just to make sure he gets in.”
Many Americans now consume political news through social media, and TikTok’s emergence has greatly accelerated that trend.
By 2023, almost a third of people aged 18 to 29 were regularly getting news from TikTok, a hub for liberal causes that has also had an uptick of pro-Trump influencers since the last election.
The nature of social media — fast-moving and sometimes driven by unreliable narrators or bad actors — means that large audiences are more vulnerable to misinformation.
“I don’t really dig into it very much,” said Dean Citroni, 30, of Newnan, Ga., who works in TV and film production and said he predominantly got political news from Facebook or TikTok. Mr. Citroni, who said he would “probably” lean toward Mr. Trump over Mr. Biden but was interested in Mr. Kennedy, added, “Somebody posts a reel of it, I’m probably looking at it, going: ‘Huh! Can’t believe that!’”
And even as young voters get much of their information from individualized social media feeds, while cable news often reinforces partisan instincts, Americans have fewer cultural connections to unite them.
The era of major-network, prime-time TV hits has given way to pay-walled streaming services. Music has moved into personalized, app-driven experiences. Instagram and TikTok algorithms pelt people with unending, individualized streams of content.
And Americans’ shared vocabulary — and shared set of facts — is shrinking.
“It used to be that you could reach practically every voter through conventional electronic media, radio and television,” said Representative Dan Kildee, a Michigan Democrat. Now, he said: “You can’t really even just reach them through the more popular social media platforms. The splintering of information, the way people consume information, it’s much more difficult.”
Darrell Hammond, the comedian and former “Saturday Night Live” cast member, said those realities were even changing the nature of political comedy.
“You’d like to think that in order to laugh at a joke, the crowd has to basically understand the premise and agree with it to some extent,” he said. “But now, you have blanket generalizations only.”
Kal Penn, an actor who worked in the Obama administration, said he challenged himself to bridge the divide through humor.
“I love making something that your crazy uncle can watch with you on Thanksgiving,” he said. “And it’s like the only night where you’re not yelling at each other about the election.”
NYT link here: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/28/us/politics/trump-biden-voters.html

Around a decade ago, there was an operating wordpress blog by a radical feminist (specifically a feminist who followed the radical feminist movement) called witchwind. In this blog, she attacked men, women, trans people (especially trans men), lesbianism, heterosexuality, intersectionality, and heterosexual and homosexual sex in a long-winded and generally unpleasant way. She wrote a post on what she imagined the post-patriarchical utopian world to be. This post is... dubious in terms of science, but the real badhistory was in the comments.

(witchwind) Given that men are by far more protected from violence than women, less violated etc, that there will always be a woman for them to turn to who will mend their ego or problems, and that even in these cushy conditions men die earlier than women, if things turned round for them many of them really wouldn’t live long on their own. I was thinking, maybe that’s why men called the middle ages the “dark ages” because men would die so early and perhaps women wouldn’t, because so many women ran away from marriage at the time. Just a speculation.

The real reason why the medieval period was deemed "the dark ages" was due to the conception of the Roman period being a "light age", which itself is due to the enormous influence that Roman civilisation and culture has had on European culture. You could certainly make an argument that women had more power than in the Roman period, but this is entirely due to the extremely patriarchical Roman culture giving way to a slightly less extremely patriarchical culture. While estimating the sex of skeletons is a difficult procedure fraught with error, and records of deaths are often lacking, there is very little evidence to support the idea that women had a notably higher life expectancy than men during the medieval period, ESPECIALLY given that women would carry children. Estimates for maternal mortality during the medieval period typically range from about 1-2%, but this is per birth during a period when contraception was not readily avaliable or effective, and the same was true for abortion (with the added fact that it was significantly more dangerous.) Also, most women would have been giving birth around the ages of 18-35, which would drag their life expectancy down.
Furthermore, bear in mind that, due to the ease of disappearing in a pre-modern world and the patriarchical social system of the time, men who ran away from marriage were in a far better situation. There are a number of tragic accounts of men disappearing, leaving their wives and children bereft of financial support or any means of finding them, and forcing them to take up poor paying, difficult, and socially disreputable jobs while often living in unpleasant conditions. There was very little in the way of a social safety net.

(witchwind) Another example: the plague happened in the middle-ages at a time where christian religious authorities decided to decimate cats (because they were considered evil, probably because they were associated to witches), but cats were those that regulated rat population, and the plague was a consequence of an overpopulation of infected rats (if my memory is correct).

Well, first of all the plague was a consequence of infected fleas, but that is a minor quibble. The supposed extermination of cats by Christian religious authorities not only was a reaction to the plague, not pre-dating it, but in reality did not happen. The idea that they did supposedly comes from Vox in Rama from Pope Gregory IX, but this is actually a letter talking about alleged heretical rites in the town of Stedinger. There is no evidence that cats were killed en masse during the medieval period, and while they could be associated with witchcraft, the same was true of frogs and other animals.

(cherryblossomlife) I was just thinking to myself this morning “What was so frightening to men about the middle ages that they had to call it “the dark ages”…?”
Well, obviously it was that women were freer! Everything in patriarchy is a reversal, so you just reverse everything back the other way to get to the truth.
We can easily trace the history of men’s entrance into the birthing chambers, and it took place after the “dark ages” , which means that women had far more autonomy, and dare I say, “power” than they have today. They probably owned all the businesses too. I didn’t know that women simply left marriages back then, so that’s another one. I would absolutely love to know more about The Dark Ages.

It is true that until fairly recently, men have not been involved - or, sometimes, even allowed to be involved - with childbirth. This is not particularly good evidence of female empowerment outside of the lines that the patriarchical system of the time set for them. Certainly, midwives could achieve a good level of respect and social standing, but they were ultimately only doing so through the few channels that they were permitted to do so through. There were certainly women who accomplished great things during the medieval period; there were women who managed this while working within the bounds set by male dominance; there were even women who managed to gain control over their husbands. However, women were not even slightly "freer". Marital rape was not even a conception. Beating your wife was not considered abusive by default. Women were largely excluded from education and higher roles within medicine, politics, religion, and really most any structure.
I also have no idea what they're talking about regarding a patriarchical reversal. I've only ever seen anything similar as a concept within society and gender studies, not history, and it's nothing as simple.

(Tracy25) What a great Idea to use the concept of the Patriarchal Reversal on the so-called Dark Ages. I agree that this would be a great place to start Digging for useful feminist information, although the problem of women’s Herstory being erased is always a problem for us when we go looking for these Truths. Speculation, while holding little value in Men’s courts for example (except when used against women of course) will be all Women have many times, and connecting the dots. What a great Project to spot the reversal, speculate, and connect the Dots of information we do have, about the Dark Ages. We can also Assume that the Burning Times, which was experienced as a time of Great Evil (and extreme Fear) was most certainly a Time of great or increased Female power. It seems so Obvious once you say it. Women certainly experienced this as a time of extreme Evil and Fear too, but they were seeing Men as they really are and what they are Capable of doing to women. A different Perspective.

While the time of witch trials was conceivably a time of increased power for women, this is a common refrain (men killed women because they were too powerful) that has very little basis in reality. Quite simply, there is the obvious - the targets were largely people who were socially excluded. The poor, vagrants, widows, the socially unpopular, and so on. Additionally, the women who often had the most power within the patriarchical system were midwives, and contrary to popular belief, midwives were more commonly accusers or witnesses than they were the accused. In fact, they were more likely to take on this mantle than they were to be bystanders!

(bronte71) I imagine guild societies of women artisans or natural scientists somewhat similar to those in the so-called Dark Ages.

Even taking into account the more generous reading of this as just talking about women being part of these future guilds, and not that women formed their own guilds (which did exist, for the record), there were no guilds of philosophers or scientists during the medieval period.
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Bennett, Judith M., and Ruth Mazo Karras. The Oxford Handbook of Women and Gender in Medieval Europe. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2016.
Harley, D. (1990, April 1). Historians as demonologists: The myth of the midwife-witch. OUP Academic. https://academic.oup.com/shm/article-abstract/3/1/1/1689119?login=false
McDaniel, Spencer. “Were Cats Really Killed En Masse during the Middle Ages?” Tales of Times Forgotten, November 5, 2019. https://talesoftimesforgotten.com/2019/11/05/were-cats-really-killed-en-masse-during-the-middle-ages/.
Mortimer, I. (2011). The Time Traveller’s Guide to Medieval England. Windsor.
Murphy, Eileen M. “‘The Child That Is Born of One’s Fair Body’ – Maternal and Infant Death in Medieval Ireland.” Childhood in the Past 14, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 13–37. https://doi.org/10.1080/17585716.2021.1904595.

Hi! Political discussions on this sub are often centered on American politics, so I was wondering who non-Americans consider their best and worst leaders to be. I know that political rankings and such are sometimes viewed as frivolous, but I find them to be a fun way to learn about other countries’ political histories. As a Spaniard we haven’t had that many democratic leaders, so I’ll start by just ranking all of our PMs from best to worst (in my subjective opinion). I won’t rank Sánchez since he’s still in office.
1. Adolfo Suárez (1976-1981)-Union of the Democratic Centre (UCD).
There seems to be a broad consensus, some might even call it lazy, that Suárez is our best leader. He was the man who transitioned our country from a dictatorship to a liberal democracy through consensus-building. Some nowadays criticise him for reforming the regime without radically revolutionising it, retaining many of the more problematic and corrupt aspects, but the fact is that he spent his whole time in office walking a tightrope and trying to bring all democratic forces together while also avoiding a francoist coup. What should’ve been his last day in office turned out to be a coup, but the fact that it quickly fizzled out is a testament to his reforms’ success.
As all leaders, he made mistakes. After the Constitution passed in late 1978 he seemingly ran out of ideas and just sort of let his party and administration run adrift. His failure to reform the military, security and economic apparatus of the Franco regime had very negative effects both during his tenure and down the line, though as I’ve said a radical revolution would’ve likely led to an even worse coup if not outright civil war. The economic performance was quite bad, though this had already started before he came to power and the oil crisis and his ability to bring unions and employers together to agree to price and wage controls did somewhat curb inflation.
2. Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo (1981-1982)-UCD.
The fact that our shortest serving PM is so high up the list is more a testament to the poor quality of our leaders than an attempt to reappraise Calvo-Sotelo. The main reason that he’s here is that he did his best with the bad situation he inherited and didn’t make any major mistakes, even introducing some neat reforms like liberal divorce laws. The economy was doing poorly, his party was unraveling and the Francoist deep state was uppity and there was little he could do about it, but what little he did was generally positive. For starters ably dealt with the coup that took place just as he was being voted into office, and years later it was revealed that he also quietly foiled several other coup attempts. He was the one to bring Spain into NATO, which was a great diplomatic move which made Western and European integration far easier and which González couldn’t possibly have done for electoral and political reasons. It’s also pretty crazy to think that even though Spain has formally had democratic elections since the beginning of the XIX century (except for the Franco and Primo de Rivera periods), Calvo-Sotelo was the first PM to oversee a peaceful democratic transfer of power to the opposition.
3. José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero (2004-2011), Socialist Workers’ Party of Spain (PSOE).
His first term was very successful. He pulled us out of Iraq and introduced many progressive reforms, including gay marriage, easier access to abortion, assisted reproduction, improvements on gender equality, removed remnants of Francoist propaganda, smoking restrictions on closed and public spaces, and reformed driving licenses cutting deadly accidents in half. He also oversaw the end of ETA and the election of the first (and only) non-nationalist Basque regional president. His handling of Catalonia, though, was quite poor as he flip-flopped and fumbled on the issue of the new Statute of Autonomy and backstabbed regional PM Maragall, which contributed to the rise of Catalan nationalism and the independence movement. His administration also seems to be the cleanest in Spanish history, as it didn’t face any major corruption scandals. His first term also saw a great economic situation and he reached the lowest unemployment rate in Spanish democratic history (still over 8% lol), but he was mainly riding on the economic bubble that had started under Aznar and did nothing to try to deal with it.
In his second term he reaped what he sowed, overseeing the collapse of Spain’s economy. Now, anyone in office in 2008 was going to eat shit, but as I’ve said Zapatero did nothing to deal with the housing bubble in the first place and when it did burst he fumbled it. At first he pretended nothing was going wrong, presumably trying to calm the markets. When this failed he instituted Plan E, a parody of the New Deal which had pretty much no impact on the GDP and made the deficit balloon. When this didn’t work he instituted an austerity policy.
4. José María Aznar (1996-2004)- People’s Party (PP).
By sheer economic numbers he is by far the best Spanish PM. He oversaw a period of rapid and uninterrupted economic growth, inflation went down, unemployment went down, he balanced the budget, reining in the massive deficits of González and he oversaw the entry into the Euro. He continued a policy of deregulation and privatised many of the state owned enterprises, though his decision to place friends and allies in charge of these businesses is quite sussy (we’ll get to corruption later). This economic boom, however, was largely based on a housing and construction bubble financed by cheap and unsustainable credits as well as a great deal of corruption which ended up bursting in 2008 and led to a massive economic meltdown. At least I'm glad that of all the unsustainable economic bubbles we could've had we picked housing and construction, since I struggle to think what the housing market would look like nowadays if it wasn't for the millions of homes built during this period.
Corruption is a theme in his administration, since several of his ministers, including his deputy PM, minister of Economy and Finance and preferred successor Rodrigo Rato, are now in prison. Many of the PP corruption schemes that were unveiled under Rajoy started under Aznar.
On the other hand he did rationalise the administration, abolishing the Civil Governor system and giving greater financial autonomy to the Autonomous Regions, and abolished conscription. Diplomatically he IMO went too far in the direction of the US, alienating the Franco-German axis and his support for the Iraq war was a big mistake. Furthermore his last decision while in office was to try to cover up a terrorist attack for electoral purposes, which is frankly disgusting and quite rightfully backfired on him and his party.
5. Mariano Rajoy (2011-2018)- PP.
He did some legal reforms that rationalised the legal system. When this is the best thing he did in office, you know he goofed up. For starters, I will not hold austerity against him. When he was elected the deficit was at 8% of the GDP and it had only gone from over 10% down due to Zapatero’s austerity, so the simple fact is there was no money left and some degree of austerity was necessary, as even PSOE acknowledged. It’s arguable to what extent he might have gone too far or whether he made cuts in the wrong places or whether it’s appropriate for his party to have been embezzling huge amounts of public money in the meantime, but those are different matters altogether.
Indeed, if there’s one thing that defined his administration it’s corruption scandals. Now, recounting his party’s corruption scandals would require a book, but what is perhaps more worrying is that he also bent the institutions in a Nixonian way to go after the opposition and cover up the scandals. His Minister of the Interior created the “Patriotic Police”, a praetorian guard within the police that did all kinds of illegal things to cover up the corruption scandals including intimidating witnesses and wiretapping opponents. This also brings us to the issue of Catalonia, which he again screwed up. At first it seems like he didn’t fully take seriously the shift towards independence of the nationalist CiU government, and when he did finally snap back to reality he overreacted, craking down on the sham independence referendum and suspending regional autonomy, which only further radicalised the movement. While some degree of firm hand was required given that the nationalists were openly breaking the law, he relied exclusively on the stick and didn’t even consider offering any carrots.
At least he had the spine to block conservative attempts to severely restrict abortion.
6. Felipe González (1982-1996)- PSOE.
Our longest serving PM and often considered one of the best together with Suárez, it might be shocking to find him so low. Now, he did have major successes. He was the one to bring Spain into the ECC and his flip flop on NATO, as much controversy it might have caused in the left, was the right move. He oversaw the creation of a modern welfare state, greatly increasing social spending and rationalising the tax system. His controversial decision to close the uncompetitive businesses created by the Franco regime was necessary, as keeping them would’ve probably prevented entry into the ECC and they would in any case not have survived first contact with a competitive market economy and González did try to alleviate the situation of the now unemployed workers to a degree which a UCD or conservative government probably wouldn’t have. His ministry saw a period of strong economic growth, though he never did get inflation, the deficit and especially unemployment under control. He even introduced progressive reforms such as abortion.
However, his administration is a good counter argument to the idea that only PP is corrupt. From 1990 onwards his administration was rocked by corruption scandal after corruption scandal, leading to several high profile resignations including that of his longtime number 2 and deputy PM, Alfonso Guerra. He similarly failed to end the Spanish tradition of patronage and graft instead creating his own vast patronage networks. Some of his apparently reasonable reforms, such as making members of the Supreme Judicial Council appointed by the government seemed like a good way of preventing the judiciary, still stacked with Franco-era judges, from becoming a centre of reaction, but in the end it led to a lot of political interference and nowadays has led to the breakdown of the judicial system.
However, any corruption scandal his administration pales in comparison with the real reason he’s all the way down here (after all corruption is hardly a unique thing in Spanish politics as you might have noticed). In a country full of people should be in jail for corruption, González is a breath of fresh air in that the reason he should be in jail for is terrorism and murder. From 1983 he financed the GAL, a terrorist group made up of police and military officers and mercenaries, that carried out a “dirty war” against ETA, extrajudicially kidnapping, torturing and murdering its suspected members. The group was cartoonishly incompetent, and its members constantly got caught and often kidnapped or killed completely innocent people they mistook for ETA members. Furthermore, if the objective was to go after ETA members in France it was completely unnecessary since France started cooperating with Spain soon after González’s election and especially after Chirac’s rise to Matignon in 1986. It didn’t even do that much to destroy ETA and the organisation in fact became even more violent, with the number of victims going up.
Now some might argue that he’s not been convicted of anything and that Suárez did similar things. Firstly, while it’s true he hasn’t been convicted, high-ranking members of his administration, including the minister of Interior, were. Given the imperial nature of the Spanish Prime Ministership, González’s reputation for being hands-on in government and his close relation to Interior minister Barrionuevo, it’s ridiculous to think that the interior minister did all of this on his own. Similarly, González rejected the existence of GAL and refused to conduct any investigation, defending Barrionuevo and even implying there was nothing wrong with state terrorism. Furthermore, we have declassified CIA documents naming him as the leader of the outfit.
When it comes to the dirty war under Suárez, I’ve never seen anyone accuse Suárez of having any personal ties to it. The Francoist state was still strong during his ministry and the military and police were still operating without little regard for civilian oversight and there were still Gladio aligned paramilitaries operating on their own. Interior Minister Martín Villa was connected, but, unlike González, Suárez was known to be quite aloof of his cabinet issues and had a shaky relation with Villa, who was known to have engaged in shenanigans even before Suárez’s rise to the prime ministership. In fact, the intelligence agency, Cesid, tried to blackmail Suárez by getting him to greenlight state terrorism on tape, which backfired when Suárez admonished the intelligence officers. It was González of all people who released an altered version of the tapes to try to pin the blame for GAL on Suárez.
Feel free to comment on my ranking and do please share your own!

Hello,
I've been trying to set up XDefiant, but it keeps on crashing when entering a lobby. After a quick search, I found that I needed to install pdh.dll, however it first gives me this message when I try to install:
Checksum for /home/person/.cache/winetricks/win7sp1/windows6.1-KB976932-X86.exe did not match, retrying download
After I click "OK", it gives me this message:
SHA256 mismatch!
URL: http://download.windowsupdate.com/msdownload/update/software/svpk/2011/02/windows6.1-kb976932-x86_c3516bc5c9e69fee6d9ac4f981f5b95977a8a2fa.exe
Downloaded: b15b13ff1d4c2eb07723c208a4546cf24911ea80a9799e6969ea727b2866e2e3
Expected: e5449839955a22fc4dd596291aff1433b998f9797e1c784232226aba1f8abd97
This is often the result of an updated package such as vcrun2019.
If you are willing to accept the risk, you can bypass this check.
Alternatively, you may use the --force option to ignore this check entirely.
Continue anyway?
When I click "yes", it finally gives me this message:
Note: command cabextract -q -d /home/person/.wine/dosdevices/c:/windows/temp -L -F x86_microsoft-windows-p..rastructureconsumer_31bf3856ad364e35_6.1.7601.17514_none_b5e3f88a8eb425e8/pdh.dll /home/person/.cache/winetricks/win7sp1/windows6.1-KB976932-X86.exe returned status 1. Aborting.
Any help would be appreciated! I am using OpenSUSE Tumbleweed.

Hello,
I've been trying to set up XDefiant, but it keeps on crashing when entering a lobby. After a quick search, I found that I needed to install pdh.dll, however it first gives me this message when I try to install:
Checksum for /home/person/.cache/winetricks/win7sp1/windows6.1-KB976932-X86.exe did not match, retrying download
After I click "OK", it gives me this message:
SHA256 mismatch!
URL: http://download.windowsupdate.com/msdownload/update/software/svpk/2011/02/windows6.1-kb976932-x86_c3516bc5c9e69fee6d9ac4f981f5b95977a8a2fa.exe
Downloaded: b15b13ff1d4c2eb07723c208a4546cf24911ea80a9799e6969ea727b2866e2e3
Expected: e5449839955a22fc4dd596291aff1433b998f9797e1c784232226aba1f8abd97
This is often the result of an updated package such as vcrun2019.
If you are willing to accept the risk, you can bypass this check.
Alternatively, you may use the --force option to ignore this check entirely.
Continue anyway?
When I click "yes", it finally gives me this message:
Note: command cabextract -q -d /home/person/.wine/dosdevices/c:/windows/temp -L -F x86_microsoft-windows-p..rastructureconsumer_31bf3856ad364e35_6.1.7601.17514_none_b5e3f88a8eb425e8/pdh.dll /home/person/.cache/winetricks/win7sp1/windows6.1-KB976932-X86.exe returned status 1. Aborting.
Any help would be appreciated! I am using OpenSUSE Tumbleweed.

[Don't worry; this isn't about HOAs]
TL;DR at the end.
I was talking online about HOAs on a social media site today. [Not reddit] And I noticed that while there used to be tons of HOA hate online, and there still is, all of a sudden there are more people defending HOAs online than I've ever seen before. Anecdotal, I know.
This got me thinking. It's just speculation, but perhaps there are people infiltrating these conversations online in order to try to shift opinions towards less HOA hate, and more acceptance. We had talks in this group lately about how there are shills/trolls actively trying to shift online public opinion towards the "both sides" argument in order to create voter apathy and a loss for Biden. I was thinking the HOA support could be the same kind of thing. Doesn't really matter.
The question I had to ask myself was, if going online to talk about issues of our society is so ineffective, then why are some groups literally spending money and time to do just that? We know bot trolls and live trolls organized and/or paid to sway opinions online is a real thing. It doesn't make sense that they would expend so much effort if it were ineffective.
Where did I even get the idea that it was so ineffective? Now, I remember. From about 2011-2015 I was especially politically active online. Back then, I really spent most of my efforts on Facebook. Gross, I know. I was usually arguing in favor of legalizing same-sex marriage, legalizing cannabis, supporting gay rights in general, and arguing against aggressive policing.
I got called a "keyboard warrior" more times than I can count. I was told that doing this stuff was ineffective, stupid, virtue signaling, annoying, showed I had too much time on my hands, and was just a general waste of time by both strangers and people I knew.
But, is it, though? If it was such a waste of time, why are conservatives doing so much of it now? What if the push back was actually just meant to reduce or stop people from advocating for these values? What if being a keyboard warrior is actually effective, especially if there's thousands of us?
We constantly ask here all the time, what can we do besides vote? Maybe being a "keyboard warrior" is one answer to that?
Conservatives complain so much about liberals trying to "shut down their opinions." Really, this is just them being mad when we insist that abortion bans are harmful to the health of women and children, or when we won't stop asserting that transwomen are women and transmen are men, or any of the other issues we stand for. Their negative policies are harming the health and life of so many people. Of course they deserve to be shut down.
I probably engage in the keyboard warrior stuff about 20% of the amount that I used to. I never completely quit, but I did get discouraged and I slowed it down. Maybe it's time we all realized that our voices really do matter online and that the other side wants us to think they don't.
That said, I have a few personal rules about how I conduct myself in arguments online. I don't cuss or call them names. The reason is because most people stop listening when you do that. Some people walk away hearing nothing you said except the part where you said some nasty stuff to them, and they just tell themselves, "See? All the libs are just rude and hateful." It really cuts into the effectiveness of a message.
Also, conservatives for the most part aren't capable of conducting a conversation without all-caps and insults. We have facts and compassion. I try to use those.
The end goal is not so much to change the mind of anyone you end up disagreeing with online. That's not likely to even happen. The goal is to be the prevailing presence. To not allow the other side to take over the conversation to the point where it's more ubiquitous than our POV.
And of course, it's not only about arguing. It's also about informing people who may not know about what's going on. I think we also need to try to talk about the positives, like for example how much good Planned Parenthood does, or praising books for kids that teach acceptance.
TL;DR:
I used to do online activism more than I do now, but bought into the idea that being a "keyboard warrior" was lame and ineffective.
But conservative trolls do their own negative keyboard warrior stuff to suppress liberal ideas.
Maybe being keyboard warriors is exactly what we need to do besides voting. Maybe the only reason we get insulted for it so much is because the other side wants us to stop.
I try to focus on facts and compassion when battling online. Conservatives mostly use all-caps and insults.
The goal is not to convince people or win arguments. The goal is to be a ubiquitous positive presence online.

Hi all
After a decade of absence, I am back on Fedora. I almost love it, if it was not for this pesky bug that ruins everything. Any ideas?
Symptoms:

• After system goes into suspend mode (either forced or automatic), and gets woken up, there is no video signal, i.e. black screen (and monitor says "no video")
• System is running however. I can hear notifications come in on the fly
• tty2 is not accessible/visible
• Only known way to escape is a hard reset via power button

​
System Info (neofetch):

 .',;::::;,'. chimp@fedora .';:cccccccccccc:;,. ------------ .;cccccccccccccccccccccc;. OS: Fedora Linux 40 (Workstation Editi .:cccccccccccccccccccccccccc:. Host: XPS 8940 .;ccccccccccccc;.:dddl:.;ccccccc;. Kernel: 6.8.10-300.fc40.x86_64 .:ccccccccccccc;OWMKOOXMWd;ccccccc:. Uptime: 47 mins .:ccccccccccccc;KMMc;cc;xMMc:ccccccc:. Packages: 2107 (rpm), 6 (flatpak) ,cccccccccccccc;MMM.;cc;;WW::cccccccc, Shell: bash 5.2.26 :cccccccccccccc;MMM.;cccccccccccccccc: Resolution: 3440x1440 :ccccccc;oxOOOo;MMM0OOk.;cccccccccccc: DE: GNOME 46.1 cccccc:0MMKxdd:;MMMkddc.;cccccccccccc; WM: Mutter ccccc:XM0';cccc;MMM.;cccccccccccccccc' WM Theme: Adwaita ccccc;MMo;ccccc;MMW.;ccccccccccccccc; Theme: Adwaita [GTK2/3] ccccc;0MNc.ccc.xMMd:ccccccccccccccc; Icons: Papirus-Dark [GTK2/3] cccccc;dNMWXXXWM0::cccccccccccccc:, Terminal: gnome-terminal cccccccc;.:odl:.;cccccccccccccc:,. CPU: 11th Gen Intel i7-11700 (16) @ 4. :cccccccccccccccccccccccccccc:'. GPU: Intel RocketLake-S GT1 [UHD Graph .:cccccccccccccccccccccc:;,.. Memory: 7236MiB / 15654MiB '::cccccccccccccc::;,. 

​
Setup Notes:

• Fedora was installed on a dual boot nvme drive (PopOS is the other system)
• Fedora partition was formatted as btrfs
• during install, NVIDIA RTX 2060 was present and the main card
• after install I physically removed the card and purged all nvidia packages. Funny enough, this black-screen-suspend issue would only occasionally occur with the NVIDIA card. So suspend would work well for 2-5 wakes, but then it would show the same behavior. Now, without the card, it's a constant issue.

​
inxi -G

Graphics: Device-1: Intel RocketLake-S GT1 [UHD Graphics 750] driver: i915 v: kernel Device-2: Sunplus Innovation Aukey-PC-LM1E Camera driver: snd-usb-audio,uvcvideo type: USB Display: wayland server: X.Org v: 23.2.6 with: Xwayland v: 23.2.6 compositor: gnome-shell v: 46.1 driver: dri: iris gpu: i915 resolution: 2752x1152~60Hz API: OpenGL v: 4.6 vendor: intel mesa v: 24.0.7 renderer: Mesa Intel Graphics (RKL GT1) API: EGL Message: EGL data requires eglinfo. Check --recommends. 

Journalctl after wake

May 23 18:37:27 fedora systemd-sleep[14341]: Performing sleep operation 'suspend'... May 23 18:37:27 fedora kernel: PM: suspend entry (deep) May 23 18:37:27 fedora kernel: Filesystems sync: 0.024 seconds May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: Freezing user space processes May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: Freezing user space processes completed (elapsed 0.025 seconds) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: OOM killer disabled. May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: Freezing remaining freezable tasks May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: Freezing remaining freezable tasks completed (elapsed 0.299 seconds) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: printk: Suspending console(s) (use no_console_suspend to debug) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Synchronizing SCSI cache May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Synchronizing SCSI cache May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata2.00: Entering standby power mode May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata1.00: Entering standby power mode May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: PM: suspend devices took 0.589 seconds May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ACPI: PM: Preparing to enter system sleep state S3 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ACPI: PM: Saving platform NVS memory May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: Disabling non-boot CPUs ... May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 1 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 2 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 3 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 4 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 5 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 6 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 7 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 8 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 9 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 10 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 11 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 12 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 13 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 14 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: CPU 15 is now offline May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ACPI: PM: Low-level resume complete May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ACPI: PM: Restoring platform NVS memory May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: Enabling non-boot CPUs ... May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 1 APIC 0x2 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU1 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 2 APIC 0x4 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU2 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 3 APIC 0x6 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU3 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 4 APIC 0x8 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU4 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 5 APIC 0xa May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU5 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 6 APIC 0xc May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU6 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 7 APIC 0xe May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU7 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 8 APIC 0x1 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU8 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 9 APIC 0x3 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU9 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 10 APIC 0x5 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU10 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 11 APIC 0x7 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU11 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 12 APIC 0x9 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU12 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 13 APIC 0xb May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU13 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 14 APIC 0xd May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU14 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: smpboot: Booting Node 0 Processor 15 APIC 0xf May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: CPU15 is up May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ACPI: PM: Waking up from system sleep state S3 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ACPI BIOS Error (bug): Could not resolve symbol [\_SB.ITBP], AE_NOT_FOUND (20230628/psargs-330) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ACPI Error: Aborting method \RWAK due to previous error (AE_NOT_FOUND) (20230628/psparse-529) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ACPI Error: Aborting method \_WAK due to previous error (AE_NOT_FOUND) (20230628/psparse-529) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: xhci_hcd 0000:04:00.0: xHC error in resume, USBSTS 0x401, Reinit May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: usb usb3: root hub lost power or was reset May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: usb usb4: root hub lost power or was reset May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: nvme nvme0: 16/0/0 default/read/poll queues May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: hid-generic 0003:1E7D:2FEE.0004: offset (77) exceeds report_count (64) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: hid-generic 0003:1E7D:2FEE.0004: offset (76) exceeds report_count (64) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: hid-generic 0003:1E7D:2FEE.0004: offset (78) exceeds report_count (64) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: usb 1-11: reset high-speed USB device number 4 using xhci_hcd May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata3: SATA link down (SStatus 4 SControl 300) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata2: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata2.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata4: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: sd 1:0:0:0: [sdb] Starting disk May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata2.00: supports DRM functions and may not be fully accessible May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata4.00: configured for UDMA/100 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133 May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: ata2.00: Enabling discard_zeroes_data May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: PM: resume devices took 0.413 seconds May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: mei_hdcp 0000:00:16.0-b638ab7e-94e2-4ea2-a552-d1c54b627f04: bound 0000:00:02.0 (ops i915_hdcp_ops [i915]) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: OOM killer enabled. May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: Restarting tasks ... May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: mei_pxp 0000:00:16.0-fbf6fcf1-96cf-4e2e-a6a6-1bab8cbe36b1: bound 0000:00:02.0 (ops i915_pxp_tee_component_ops [i915]) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: done. May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: random: crng reseeded on system resumption May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: PM: suspend exit May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: thermal thermal_zone4: failed to read out thermal zone (-61) May 23 18:37:32 fedora audit[1]: SERVICE_START pid=1 uid=0 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=system_u:system_r:init_t:s0 msg='unit=systemd-suspend comm="systemd" exe="/uslib/systemd/systemd" hostname=? addr=? terminal=? res=success' May 23 18:37:32 fedora audit[1]: SERVICE_STOP pid=1 uid=0 auid=4294967295 ses=4294967295 subj=system_u:system_r:init_t:s0 msg='unit=systemd-suspend comm="systemd" exe="/uslib/systemd/systemd" hostname=? addr=? terminal=? res=success' May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: Clock change detected. Flushing caches. May 23 18:37:32 fedora gnome-shell[2364]: libinput error: event1 - Power Button: client bug: event processing lagging behind by 415ms, your system is too slow May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd-sleep[14341]: System returned from sleep operation 'suspend'. May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd[1]: systemd-suspend.service: Deactivated successfully. May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd[1]: Finished systemd-suspend.service - System Suspend. May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd[1]: Stopped target sleep.target - Sleep. May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd[1]: Reached target suspend.target - Suspend. May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd-logind[1109]: Operation 'suspend' finished. May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd[1]: Stopped target suspend.target - Suspend. May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: Closing all remaining TCP connections. May 23 18:37:32 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482252.4846] manager: sleep: wake requested (sleeping: yes enabled: yes) May 23 18:37:32 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: Resetting learnt feature levels on all servers. May 23 18:37:32 fedora ModemManager[1225]:  [sleep-monitor-systemd] system is resuming May 23 18:37:32 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482252.4852] device (enp3s0): state change: unmanaged -> unavailable (reason 'managed', sys-iface-state: 'external') May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: Generic FE-GE Realtek PHY r8169-0-300:00: attached PHY driver (mii_bus:phy_addr=r8169-0-300:00, irq=MAC) May 23 18:37:32 fedora kernel: r8169 0000:03:00.0 enp3s0: Link is Down May 23 18:37:32 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482252.6204] device (wlo1): state change: unmanaged -> unavailable (reason 'managed', sys-iface-state: 'external') May 23 18:37:32 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482252.6221] manager: NetworkManager state is now DISCONNECTED May 23 18:37:32 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183732.725914:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:32 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183732.726172:ERROR:sync_control_vsync_provider.cc(139)] Calculated bogus refresh interval=1.61162 s, last_timebase_=3236870022 bogo-microseconds, timebase=3238481646 bogo-microseconds, last_media_stream_counter_=943, media_stream_counter=944 May 23 18:37:35 fedora kernel: ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300) May 23 18:37:35 fedora kernel: sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Starting disk May 23 18:37:35 fedora kernel: ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133 May 23 18:37:35 fedora kernel: r8169 0000:03:00.0 enp3s0: Link is Up - 1Gbps/Full - flow control off May 23 18:37:35 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482255.5559] device (enp3s0): carrier: link connected May 23 18:37:35 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482255.5560] device (enp3s0): state change: unavailable -> disconnected (reason 'carrier-changed', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:35 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482255.5566] policy: auto-activating connection 'Wired connection 1' (27b7b766-e09c-3b14-bee2-42f666002d99) May 23 18:37:35 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482255.5569] device (enp3s0): Activation: starting connection 'Wired connection 1' (27b7b766-e09c-3b14-bee2-42f666002d99) May 23 18:37:35 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482255.5569] device (enp3s0): state change: disconnected -> prepare (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:35 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482255.5571] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTING May 23 18:37:35 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482255.5572] device (enp3s0): state change: prepare -> config (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:35 fedora audit[1226]: NETFILTER_CFG table=firewalld:9 family=1 entries=26 op=nft_register_rule pid=1226 subj=system_u:system_r:firewalld_t:s0 comm="firewalld" May 23 18:37:35 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482255.5696] device (enp3s0): state change: config -> ip-config (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:35 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482255.5700] dhcp4 (enp3s0): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds) May 23 18:37:35 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface enp3s0.IPv6 with address fe80::98b6:7af6:ede5:1c5f. May 23 18:37:35 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: New relevant interface enp3s0.IPv6 for mDNS. May 23 18:37:35 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Registering new address record for fe80::98b6:7af6:ede5:1c5f on enp3s0.*. May 23 18:37:35 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183735.747250:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:35 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183735.747578:ERROR:sync_control_vsync_provider.cc(139)] Calculated bogus refresh interval=1.62373 s, last_timebase_=3238481646 bogo-microseconds, timebase=3241729099 bogo-microseconds, last_media_stream_counter_=944, media_stream_counter=946 May 23 18:37:36 fedora ModemManager[1225]:  [base-manager] couldn't check support for device '/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.3': not supported by any plugin May 23 18:37:36 fedora ModemManager[1225]:  [base-manager] couldn't check support for device '/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1c.0/0000:03:00.0': not supported by any plugin May 23 18:37:36 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183736.750269:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.2091] dhcp6 (enp3s0): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds) May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.2102] policy: set 'Wired connection 1' (enp3s0) as default for IPv6 routing and DNS May 23 18:37:37 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface enp3s0.IPv6 with address fe80::98b6:7af6:ede5:1c5f. May 23 18:37:37 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface enp3s0.IPv6 with address 2001:171b:c9a1:7830:629e:3fd3:ee37:ec09. May 23 18:37:37 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Registering new address record for 2001:171b:c9a1:7830:629e:3fd3:ee37:ec09 on enp3s0.*. May 23 18:37:37 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: enp3s0: Bus client set default route setting: yes May 23 18:37:37 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::98b6:7af6:ede5:1c5f on enp3s0. May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.2143] dhcp6 (enp3s0): state changed new lease May 23 18:37:37 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Registering new address record for fdaa:bbcc:ddee:0:1d5f:79c8:1207:195 on enp3s0.*. May 23 18:37:37 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: enp3s0: Bus client set DNS server list to: fdaa:bbcc:ddee:0:f605:95ff:fe71:2ca5 May 23 18:37:37 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: enp3s0: Bus client set search domain list to: home May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.5789] dhcp4 (enp3s0): state changed new lease, address=192.168.1.49, acd pending May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.7658] dhcp4 (enp3s0): state changed new lease, address=192.168.1.49 May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.7666] policy: set 'Wired connection 1' (enp3s0) as default for IPv4 routing and DNS May 23 18:37:37 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface enp3s0.IPv4 with address 192.168.1.49. May 23 18:37:37 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: New relevant interface enp3s0.IPv4 for mDNS. May 23 18:37:37 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Registering new address record for 192.168.1.49 on enp3s0.IPv4. May 23 18:37:37 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: enp3s0: Bus client set DNS server list to: 192.168.1.67, fdaa:bbcc:ddee:0:f605:95ff:fe71:2ca5 May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.7738] device (enp3s0): state change: ip-config -> ip-check (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.7749] device (enp3s0): state change: ip-check -> secondaries (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.7749] device (enp3s0): state change: secondaries -> activated (reason 'none', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.7751] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_SITE May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.7752] device (enp3s0): Activation: successful, device activated. May 23 18:37:37 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482257.7758] manager: NetworkManager state is now CONNECTED_GLOBAL May 23 18:37:37 fedora chronyd[1150]: Source 195.186.1.100 online May 23 18:37:37 fedora chronyd[1150]: Source 192.33.96.102 online May 23 18:37:37 fedora chronyd[1150]: Source 152.67.73.149 online May 23 18:37:37 fedora chronyd[1150]: Source 212.51.144.44 online May 23 18:37:37 fedora systemd[1]: iscsi.service: Unit cannot be reloaded because it is inactive. May 23 18:37:38 fedora chronyd[1150]: Detected falseticker 195.186.1.100 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:38 fedora chronyd[1150]: Selected source 212.51.144.44 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:38 fedora chronyd[1150]: Can't synchronise: no majority May 23 18:37:38 fedora chronyd[1150]: Detected falseticker 212.51.144.44 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:38 fedora chronyd[1150]: Selected source 192.33.96.102 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:38 fedora chronyd[1150]: System clock wrong by 1.160479 seconds May 23 18:37:38 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183738.442619:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:38 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183738.442812:ERROR:sync_control_vsync_provider.cc(139)] Calculated bogus refresh interval=1.00249 s, last_timebase_=3242750141 bogo-microseconds, timebase=3243752627 bogo-microseconds, last_media_stream_counter_=947, media_stream_counter=948 May 23 18:37:38 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183738.452158:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:39 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183739.443883:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:39 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183739.460299:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:40 fedora chronyd[1150]: Detected falseticker 212.51.144.44 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:40 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183740.731338:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:40 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183740.747623:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:41 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183741.734177:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:42 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183742.735662:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:42 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183742.753701:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:44 fedora chronyd[1150]: Detected falseticker 192.33.96.102 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:44 fedora chronyd[1150]: Detected falseticker 195.186.1.100 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:44 fedora chronyd[1150]: Selected source 212.51.144.44 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:44 fedora chronyd[1150]: Detected falseticker 212.51.144.44 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:44 fedora chronyd[1150]: Selected source 192.33.96.102 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:44 fedora chronyd[1150]: Detected falseticker 212.51.144.44 (2.fedora.pool.ntp.org) May 23 18:37:45 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183745.216056:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:45 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183745.216381:ERROR:sync_control_vsync_provider.cc(139)] Calculated bogus refresh interval=1.00203 s, last_timebase_=3248737064 bogo-microseconds, timebase=3250741116 bogo-microseconds, last_media_stream_counter_=952, media_stream_counter=954 May 23 18:37:47 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183747.199316:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:47 fedora com.google.Chrome.desktop[10475]: [56:56:0523/183747.201946:ERROR:gl_display.cc(520)] EGL Driver message (Error) eglGetMscRateANGLE: glXGetMscRateOML failed. May 23 18:37:47 fedora systemd-logind[1109]: Power key pressed short. May 23 18:37:47 fedora systemd-logind[1109]: The system will suspend now! May 23 18:37:47 fedora ModemManager[1225]:  [sleep-monitor-systemd] system is about to suspend May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3053] manager: sleep: sleep requested (sleeping: no enabled: yes) May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3056] device (wlo1): state change: unavailable -> unmanaged (reason 'sleeping', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3060] manager: NetworkManager state is now ASLEEP May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3061] device (enp3s0): state change: activated -> deactivating (reason 'sleeping', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:47 fedora gnome-shell[2364]: Failed to create new MetaSelectionSourceMemory: Failed to create MetaAnonymousFile May 23 18:37:47 fedora gnome-shell[2364]: Failed to create new MetaSelectionSourceMemory: Failed to create MetaAnonymousFile May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3094] device (enp3s0): state change: deactivating -> disconnected (reason 'sleeping', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Withdrawing address record for fdaa:bbcc:ddee:0:1d5f:79c8:1207:195 on enp3s0. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Withdrawing address record for 2001:171b:c9a1:7830:629e:3fd3:ee37:ec09 on enp3s0. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface enp3s0.IPv6 with address 2001:171b:c9a1:7830:629e:3fd3:ee37:ec09. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Joining mDNS multicast group on interface enp3s0.IPv6 with address fe80::98b6:7af6:ede5:1c5f. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Registering new address record for fe80::98b6:7af6:ede5:1c5f on enp3s0.*. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Withdrawing address record for fe80::98b6:7af6:ede5:1c5f on enp3s0. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface enp3s0.IPv6 with address fe80::98b6:7af6:ede5:1c5f. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Interface enp3s0.IPv6 no longer relevant for mDNS. May 23 18:37:47 fedora rtkit-daemon[1105]: Successfully made thread 2401 of process 2364 (/usbin/gnome-shell) owned by '1000' high priority at nice level 0. May 23 18:37:47 fedora audit[1226]: NETFILTER_CFG table=firewalld:10 family=1 entries=26 op=nft_unregister_rule pid=1226 subj=system_u:system_r:firewalld_t:s0 comm="firewalld" May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3258] dhcp4 (enp3s0): canceled DHCP transaction May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3258] dhcp4 (enp3s0): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds) May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3258] dhcp4 (enp3s0): state changed no lease May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3260] dhcp6 (enp3s0): canceled DHCP transaction May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3260] dhcp6 (enp3s0): activation: beginning transaction (timeout in 45 seconds) May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3260] dhcp6 (enp3s0): state changed no lease May 23 18:37:47 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: enp3s0: Bus client reset search domain list. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Withdrawing address record for 192.168.1.49 on enp3s0. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Leaving mDNS multicast group on interface enp3s0.IPv4 with address 192.168.1.49. May 23 18:37:47 fedora avahi-daemon[1096]: Interface enp3s0.IPv4 no longer relevant for mDNS. May 23 18:37:47 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: enp3s0: Bus client set default route setting: no May 23 18:37:47 fedora systemd-resolved[995]: enp3s0: Bus client reset DNS server list. May 23 18:37:47 fedora rtkit-daemon[1105]: Successfully made thread 2401 of process 2364 (/usbin/gnome-shell) owned by '1000' RT at priority 20. May 23 18:37:47 fedora NetworkManager[1237]:  [1716482267.3638] device (enp3s0): state change: disconnected -> unmanaged (reason 'sleeping', sys-iface-state: 'managed') May 23 18:37:47 fedora kernel: r8169 0000:03:00.0 enp3s0: Link is Down May 23 18:37:47 fedora chronyd[1150]: Source 195.186.1.100 offline May 23 18:37:47 fedora chronyd[1150]: Source 152.67.73.149 offline May 23 18:37:47 fedora chronyd[1150]: Source 212.51.144.44 offline May 23 18:37:47 fedora chronyd[1150]: Can't synchronise: no selectable sources May 23 18:37:47 fedora chronyd[1150]: Source 192.33.96.102 offline May 23 18:37:47 fedora systemd[1]: Reached target sleep.target - Sleep. May 23 18:37:47 fedora systemd[1]: Starting systemd-suspend.service - System Suspend... May 23 18:37:47 fedora systemd-sleep[14567]: Performing sleep operation 'suspend'... May 23 18:37:47 fedora kernel: PM: suspend entry (deep) 

​

Have you noticed fewer veteran batters around the league? And reduced playing time for the guys still around? Well, you're not imagining it. Playing time for batters age 35+ has been in steady decline since the steroid era.
(For all data in this post, I am looking at non-pitcher batting numbers. All data is courtesy FanGraphs.)
First, let's look at the year-by-year data since the height of the steroid era.
 

Season	Total League PA	Age 35+ League PA	% of PA going to 35+ Batters
2000	183882	20861	11.34%
2001	180869	21305	11.78%
2002	180559	19231	10.65%
2003	181293	22354	12.33%
2004	182392	23071	12.65%
2005	180167	20672	11.47%
2006	182023	20617	11.33%
2007	182671	23663	12.95%
2008	181655	18001	9.91%
2009	181051	19284	10.65%
2010	179495	16812	9.37%
2011	179285	19368	10.80%
2012	178266	15691	8.80%
2013	179360	14839	8.27%
2014	178409	12983	7.28%
2015	178221	11685	6.56%
2016	179217	12507	6.98%
2017	180018	9312	5.17%
2018	180004	10581	5.88%
2019	181343	11516	6.35%
2020	66502	3650	5.49%
2021	177029	8802	4.97%
2022	182038	9145	5.02%
2023	184094	9108	4.95%
2024	54824	2250	4.10%

 
Baseball has gone through low points for veteran batters before. But this is shaping up to be the worst decade for age 35+ batters since the 1960s.

Decade	Total League PA	Age 35+ League PA	% of PA going to 35+ Batters
1920s	1142603	86309	7.55%
1930s	1006123	73587	7.31%
1940s	1002376	99848	9.96%
1950s	877188	61941	7.06%
1960s	1119498	51241	4.58%
1970s	1441491	75417	5.23%
1980s	1503516	144431	9.61%
1990s	1615857	129230	8.00%
2000s	1816562	209059	11.51%
2010s	1793618	135294	7.54%
2020s	664487	32955	4.96%

 
Reasons
1. I think the first obvious reason for the decline in veteran batter playing time has to do with the crackdown on steroids. Presumably, batters can no longer extend their careers unnaturally with the use of steroids. So guys are retiring when they start to slow down, instead of inexplicably getting better as they get older. The 2000s averaged ~70 batters age 35+ each season. In 2024, there's only 22 of them, plus a handful on the IL.
2. There seems to be a correlation between dead ball eras and disappearing old men. Whenever pitching gets the upper hand, veteran batters start dropping out of the game. This happened in the 1910s, the 1960s, and 1970s when league offense dipped.
3. At some point in the 2010s, teams realized it was more cost-efficient to add young players and their minimum salaries to a roster than give free-agent contracts to veteran players. We saw this play out when the average MLB salary dipped in the late 2010s and early 2020s, leading to a protracted CBA battle in the winter of 2021-2022.
4. Tied in with the second item in this list, baseball's skyrocketing velocity may be knocking batters out of the league at an earlier age than usual. There seems to be a correlation between the early 2010s spike in velocity and a harsh drop in veteran bats around the league. Theoretically, there may be a threshold of bat speed loss that simply dooms a player in the modern high-velocity age. Baseball has never seen higher average velocity than right now. So if this is indeed a factor, it's a new one.

I keep seeing people freaking out on here about Joe Biden handing the election to Trump because of Gaza; it's evident that those saying it don't touch grass.
TL;DR Biden is far ahead of Trump. of the 38% of Dems. nationally who believe Gaza should be top priority, 66% do not oppose Biden's handling; and of the 48% of Rep. voters nationally, upwards of 20% may oppose the overturning of Roe v Wade. Climate change and reproductive rights are among the most important issues for Dems. and he's the only possible voting option for people who care about that; most Americans are going to vote for Biden. Please go outside and talk to normal people. This is just from a surface-level Google search; I could substantiate my conclusion even further if I wanted to.

When asked to prioritize the long-range foreign policy goals of the United States, the majority of Americans say preventing terrorist attacks (73%), keeping illegal drugs out of the country (64%) and preventing the spread of weapons of mass destruction (63%) are top priorities...

70% of Democrats and Democratic-leaning independents say climate change should be a top priority [on the graph - 38% of Democrats believe Finding a solution to the conflict between Israelis and Palestinians should be a top priority} Still, about three-in-ten Americans say supporting Israel (31%)... should be given no priority. https://www.pewresearch.org/global/2024/04/23/what-are-americans-top-foreign-policy-priorities/
In addition:

Democrats are more divided: 44% approve of the administration’s response, 33% disapprove and 22% are not sure. https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2023/12/08/americans-views-of-the-israel-hamas-war

So of the 38% of Democrat voters who believe that finding a solution to the Gaza situation should be a top priority, 44% approve of Biden's response and 22% are not sure (equaling 66% who do not oppose)
And on the flip side:

In Ohio last week, 59% of voters said they were angry or dissatisfied at the U.S. Supreme Court overturning Roe v. Wade, according to the NBC News exit poll of that ballot measure that passed enshrining abortion rights.
That’s in a state Donald Trump won by 8 points in 2020.
And nationally, per the June 2023 NBC News poll, 61% of voters say they disapproved of the Supreme Court overturning Roe v. Wade.
That’s in a country where President Joe Biden’s job-approval rating was at 43%, and a Biden-vs.-Trump hypothetical rematch was a close contest, according to the same June poll. https://www.nbcnews.com/meet-the-press/first-read/gops-real-abortion-problem-60-disapprove-roe-v-wades-overturn-rcna124857

So if we extrapolate this data, we can assume that if 67% of voters nationally disapprove of Biden - the vast majority of those people would be Republicans (let's say 2/3 of them are; 44.6%)

The partisan identification of registered voters is now evenly split between the two major parties: 49% of registered voters are Democrats or lean to the Democratic Party... 48% – are Republicans or lean to the Republican Party. https://www.pewresearch.org/politics/2024/04/09/the-partisanship-and-ideology-of-american-voters

So if we further extrapolate this data - and we assume that all 49% of Dem. leaning voters oppose overturning Roe v Wade - that suggests that over 20% of Rep. leaning voters oppose overturning Roe v Wade)

HEY IM BACK sorry this one took a little long so let’s begin
We had to skip Human dignity alliance and right to change as their not running any MEPs.
Also since this party doesn’t have a party website or anything I’ll be using what 2 MEP of their party did and said.
We will judge them on 5 Factors (in the other posts I made their environmental policy will be in the comments)
-Housing and cost of living -immigration -Foreign Affairs -EU -Environment
LETS BEGIN
Housing and cost of living
We actually don’t have anything here.
Except Mick Wallace saying that they shut cut out developers which would save a lot of money and him also help start a campaign against the household charge
Immigration
They don’t have officially policies but both together voted for the EU asylum Policy.
Foreign Affairs
Now here is where it gets a bit messy.
Mick Wallace has made statements on how Taiwan is apart of china and claimed the Uighur Genocide doesn’t have solid evidence
Both Daly and Mick have voted against resolutions critical of Vladimir putins Russia.
Daly has supported the Crimean Occupation by Russia
Both of them opposed sanctions on Russia.
Both travelled to Lithuania to support a Convicted and alleged Russian spy.
They Daly is Pro Palestine and condemns Israel
EU
Both have been critical of the EU
ENVIRONMENT
I actually can’t find anything
Except Mick Wallace claiming degraded ecosystem fears are entirely Speculative.
And Clare Daly saying the Industrial Emissions directive is much needed not only for environment but human health.
NOW THE TWO MEPS
Clare Daly was a TD for dublin North From 2011-2016 and Dublin fingal from 2016 to 2019
In 2012 it’s reported she introduced a bill to limited access to abortion only if there is “real and substantial risk to the life” of the pregnant woman. It was defeated in the second hearing.
She used her travel expenses to cover expenses related to her attendance at anti-household charge meetings.
She also refused to call for the resignation of mick Wallace after he had a VAT controversy.
They both also criticized the Fine Gael-Labour government of prostituting the government to Barrack obama.
Her and Mick contributed 5000 euro surety ti a 23 year old man being prosecuted under terrorism legislation.
Mick Wallace was TD for Wexford from 2011-2019
After getting elected a microphone caught him insulting a Fellow Td which he later apologized for.
He has had pro prostitution views and anti household charge views and was accused of defending terrorize by Joan abutting then Tanaiste.
In 2017 Wallace called for a proposal for boycotts against Israel.
WOW THAT TOOK ALOT OF TIME AND HONESLTY WORST PARTY TO DO
If your making a political party pls make a manifesto or something haha

This one I liked more this time. It is a bit uneven but the experimentation and variety makes this a very enjoyable album. Some things like the very name of the band feel childish while on other parts it sounds pretty sophisticated and interesting.
Spotify / YouTube Music / Apple Music
I'm doing the 1001 albums before you die challenge, this is part of this journey. Join the subreddit here.
***
Next: 406. Public Image Ltd / Public Image: First Issue / 1978
Listen on: Spotify / YouTube Music / Apple Music
View Poll

JEFFERSON CITY — The 2024 legislative session that ended Friday seemed more a referendum on Republican Party loyalty than a collective venture toward policy.
Constant infighting among Republicans over priorities and which ones were truly conservative led to days-long filibusters, name calling and the death of many conservative bills, including a top party priority: making it more difficult to amend the Missouri Constitution.
The divisions were so ingrained that the Senate Democrats, holding 10 seats in a 34-person body, delivered the deciding votes on some of the session's most important bills.
The hard-right Freedom Caucus has said their issue with mainstream Republican leaders in the legislature is a lack of dedication to “big red” policies like reducing personal property tax and preventing foreign countries from owning Missouri land.
Looking back at previous sessions, that argument doesn’t quite stack up. In the last several years Republicans have passed one of the nation's most strict abortion bans, limitations on transgender health care and enacted several income tax cuts.
The Freedom Caucus went to great lengths to disrupt Senate procedure and strong-arm leadership in an effort to pass their highest priority, changes to the initiative petition process. The impact was that they were tossed off Senate committees by the Republican leadership and later in the session failed to convince their Republican colleagues to embrace their priorities.
Less than two weeks before the constitutional deadline for the budget and with an important federal health care reimbursement that creates over $4 billion in revenue, Freedom Caucus members filibustered for 41 hours with the demand that leadership first bring up a resolution changing the approval threshold for state constitutional amendments.
Going into the last week of session, initiative petition reform still had not passed.
This week, the Freedom Caucus supported a motion among Republicans to end the Democratic filibuster on the issue through an extraordinary motion — the previous question — that hasn’t been used in the Senate since 2020. But only 16 Republicans would support that plan, which needed 18 votes, so it was never brought before the floor.
With that failure on Wednesday, the resolution was sent back to the House, which refused to budge on Thursday and sent it back to the Senate. On Friday the Senate adjourned without any further action and the effort died.
The failure to pass the resolution making initiative petition changes showed the inability of even a supermajority to act when splintered on such chaotic, disruptive lines.
Senate President Pro Tem. Caleb Rowden, R-Columbia, said that this session showed that more can get done through compromise than confrontation.
"I'm walking out of here as a guy that has basically accomplished everything I wanted to accomplish and I did it in a way that was respectful and collegial," Rowden said in a press conference after adjournment.
Senate Minority Leader John Rizzo, R-Independence, backed up that point saying, "I don't think Democrats won or Republicans lost (the session), I think decorum won."
Fiscal Year 2025 budget
A set of constitutionally mandated bills that fund the state's operations passed just three hours before the May 10 deadline. The final budget is $51.7 billion, $1 billion less than what the governor proposed, and about $2 billion less than last year's budget.
Three things stuck out in this year's budget: Infrastructure continued to be a major focus, spending was reduced to come in line with revenue projects and numerous members on both sides of the aisle were frustrated by the lack of transparency in the process.
Over the last two years, about $3.5 billion has been put into widening I-70 to six lanes statewide and I-44 in the southwestern part of the state. Both projects are about equally funded through debt and general revenue. The budget that was approved is expected to reduce the state surplus to about $1.5 billion.
Up-to-date numbers from the Office of Administration show a more rosy revenue picture than anticipated. So far Fiscal Year 2024 revenue receipts are up 2.7% year over year. That's far higher than the projected .2% growth in revenue used to craft the budget. If that revenue continues at the same pace and with a current general fund balance of over $4 billion there is a chance the state's surplus will hardly be tapped over the next year.
The declining budget also represents a return to normal state budgeting. Since the pandemic, states have received an unprecedented influx of federal COVID relief and infrastructure cash. That has led to record high appropriations that oftentimes don't get spent. In the FY 2023 budget, $10 billion of the $48 billion appropriated was never used. In 2018, only $2 billion of the $28 billion budget was left unspent.
No public comment was taken during the budget process and meetings between the House and Senate where the final budget package was finalized only existed behind closed doors. Senators only had a few minutes to review the bills before voting on them and House members had little time to debate as they passed the budget just hours before the constitutional deadline.
This backdoor process drew criticism from Democrats, Freedom Caucus members and the governor as many felt out of the loop.
Elections and initiative changes Fighting over changes that would make it harder to amend the Missouri Constitution again put the brakes on normal operating procedures on the Senate floor this session.
The Freedom Caucus has more than once sent the Senate into disarray over a piece of legislation that again failed to cross the finish line after years of attempts.
The legislation, sponsored by Sen. Mary Elizabeth Coleman, R-Arnold, would have asked voters whether the current threshold to amend the state constitution — a simple majority, or 50% plus one — should be raised to also require a majority vote in at least five of the state’s eight congressional districts.
This year’s proposal included two provisions that led the chamber to several lengthy filibusters totaling more than 100 hours. In addition to the threshold requirement, the provisions would ask voters to bar noncitizens from voting on constitutional amendments and to ban constitutional amendments sponsored by foreign governments.
These provisions are already state law and Democrats made a point of filibustering against those provisions.
Republicans this session also pushed a resolution that would ban ranked-choice voting in Missouri. SJR 78 was passed by the House on Friday. The question will now go to voters to decide.
Ranked-choice voting is a practice where voters rank their preferred candidates on a single ballot until a winner is declared after receiving a majority of the vote. The idea is to give voters more options once their top-ranked choice is eliminated by distributing their vote to their next preferred candidates. Opponents said the practice does the exact opposite by splitting the vote.
While it is not in state law, St. Louis practices a version of ranked-choice voting that will be protected if the ban passes.
Education bill An omnibus education bill, SB 727, raising the minimum teacher salary, allowing charter schools in Boone County and providing private school scholarships to low-income students, has already been signed into law by Gov. Mike Parson. The provisions of the bill, approved by the minimum vote required in the House, are estimated to cost the state $468 million.
The new state minimum salary for teachers is set at $40,000 a year beginning with the next school year and includes additional incentives for teachers with longer careers and those with master’s degrees.
The voucher-like scholarship program for private school students offers up to $6,375 per child for expenses such as tuition, textbooks and transportation. The program is funded by private donors who can claim tax credits.
The size of the bill ballooned from 12 pages to more than 150 because of amendments in the Senate. House leaders blocked amendments so that the bill would not have to be returned for another vote in the Senate out of concern it would die because of filibusters on other topics.
The law requires a public vote to approve any switch to four-day school weeks while providing incentives to schools that stick with five-day weeks.
New crime provisions A major public safety bill that passed during the final House session on Friday made changes to how children are viewed in the court system, increased punishment for various crimes and limited the authority of citizen police review boards, among other items.
The bill tracks legislation passed last year, except for two technical provisions that prompted a veto by Parson. The law increases the age under which children could be considered adults in felony offenses from 12 to 14.
On July 4, 2011, Blair Shanahan Lane was killed by reckless celebratory gunfire. A portion of the bill dubbed "Blair's Law" creates penalties for such activity. After the bill passed on a bipartisan basis Friday, House members rose for a round of applause directed at Blair Lane's mother, who was in attendance.
The bill also creates "Valentine's Law" raising punishments for fleeing a law enforcement stop. It is named for St. Louis County Detective Antonio Valentine, who died in a crash pursuing a person fleeing police.
And there is a provision known as "Max's Law" that increases punishment for injuring or killing law enforcement K-9 dogs.
Sludge regulations House Bill 2134, which would create new regulations for wastewater sludge under the Missouri Clean Water Act, gained bipartisan approval and was signed by Parson.
The bill gained traction as concerns about waste lagoons and land application practices by Arkansas-based Denali Water Solutions have been brought to light. The new law prevents companies like Denali from applying waste as fertilizer without a regulatory process and testing.
Denali was previously forced to cease operations in Missouri after 6,000 gallons of slaughterhouse waste spilled into a field, causing residents to complain about the smell and runoff concerns.
Regulatory Sandbox Act The House Friday gave final approval to SB 894 creating an avenue for new companies offering innovative products to be excused from meeting some state regulations for the first 24 months that they begin offering innovative products to consumers.
Companies would be required to apply and meet certain criteria to participate in the program.
The bill also creates an Office of Entrepreneurship within the Department of Economic Development that will promote policies and initiatives to support the growth of entrepreneurship of Missouri-based businesses with less than ten employees.
Eviction moratorium A bill passed on Friday barred any municipality from enacting an eviction moratorium. The bill, SB 865, comes in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic when cities across the country prevented landlords from evicting tenets. Realtors and apartment associations spoke in favor of the bill as they feel moratoriums violate the rights of property owners.
National Guard deployment Parson signed a bill on May 8 approving additional funding for a Missouri National Guard deployment to the southern border. The governor traveled to Eagle Pass, Texas, to sign House Bill 2016 into law and visit with members who have been deployed since March.
“The battle that we’re fighting down here at the border is keeping it from happening in our own borders, in our own state in Missouri,” Parson said before signing the bill.
Members of the National Guard are assisting with Operation Lone Star after being invited by Texas Gov. Greg Abbott. Operation Lone Star is a state-level border security effort at the Texas-Mexico border that began in 2021.
The $2.2 million in funding supports the operations of approximately 200 National Guard members and 22 Missouri State Highway Patrol officers for 90 days. Since the start of their mission, only around 50 guardsmen and 22 members of the highway patrol have served in Texas.
Sports wagering moves ahead After years of failed attempts to get legalization through the Missouri General Assembly, sports gambling appears to have found a more promising path.
Early in May, the Winning for Missouri Education committee along with a coaltion of Missouri professional sports teams submitted over 340,000 signatures for a ballot initiative to the Secretary of State's office desk.
If the Secretary of State verifies that enough signatures are genuine, the question would be put to voters in November. Thirty-eight other states have legalized some form of sports wagering.
The petition proposes a 10% tax on wagers to be collected by the Department of Revenue, deposited into the state treasury and credit to the "Gaming Proceeds for Education Fund," raising a projected $35 million.
Approximately $5 million in funds from the sports wagering tax would go into a fund to help compulsive gamblers and the rest would go to public school and higher education programs.
Child tax credits Bipartisan support and a State of the State address plug by Parson helped two bills, SB 742 and HB 1488, which would add provisions allowing for tax credits related to child care services to reach the Senate floor for consideration.
However, opposition from Freedom Caucus members of the Senate stalled action both in an effort to advance bills they felt deserved more priority and out of a general dislike of tax credits. The Senate version is sponsored by Sen. Lauren Arthur, D-Kansas City, while the House bill is sponsored by Rep. Brenda Shields, R-St. Joseph.
Protecting IVF House and Senate bills to protect in vitro fertilization clinics got a flurry of attention but did not advance following an Alabama state court ruling that relied on a state abortion ban to restrict in vitro fertilization clinics.
The Missouri Court of Appeals in St. Louis ruled in 2016 that IVF-created embryos were a matter of “marital property of special order.” This has provided legal protection for doctors and patients in the IVF field.
However, that court ruling cited abortion protection offered by Roe Vs. Wade, which was overturned in 2022. With Missouri having a similar abortion ban to the one in Alabama, leading advocates and lawmakers alike are concerned about what could lie ahead.
Sen. Tracy McCreery, D-Olivette, filed SB 1486 which would specify that Missouri's abortion ban does not have a definition that includes in vitro fertilization embryos that have not been implanted in a body. Rep. Bill Allen, R-Kansas City, filed House Bill 2845 which states that the IVF process is protected under law and no one can be prosecuted for undergoing or administrating IVF.
Here is what happened to other legislative topics that garnered attention during the session but did not pass:
Protections for pesticide maker: HB 2763, sponsored by Rep. Dane Diehl, R-Butler, would have protected pesticide manufacturers from claims that they failed to warn consumers of possible cancer risks in their products as long as the federal Environmental Protection Agency has approved those products.
Much of the debate before the House approved the bill focused on Bayer, the company with U.S. headquarters in St. Louis that purchased Monsanto, the original manufacturer of RoundUp pesticide. According to The Associated Press, the company is seeking to stem a tide of lawsuits claiming that Bayer’s products cause cancer.
Diehl, a farmer, said he drafted the legislation out of fear that Bayer would be forced to pull RoundUp off of the market, harming farmers ability to grow crops. The bill never made it to the Senate floor for consideration.
Presidential primaries: New voting laws passed in 2022 eliminated the presidential primary in Missouri. Following low voter turnout in this year’s Republican presidential caucus, SB 1120 and HB 2618, which would reinstate presidential primaries, passed out of their respective committees. The House bill passed with amendments that would create new residency restrictions for candidates vying for U.S. Congress. Ultimately, neither bill got floor consideration.
The Taylor Swift Act: Bills in both the House and Senate sought to address the impact of problematic images created by artificial intelligence but did not make it into law. While ten states provide some form of retribution for this type of crime, only Minnesota and New York statutes allow for both civil and criminal relief.
The Taylor Swift Act, House Bill 2573, offered by Rep. Adam Schwadron, R-St. Charles, targeted fake pornographic images. The bill was approved by the Special Committee on Innovation and Technology but never received a floor vote. The name of the bill referred to explicit AI-created images of the singer that went viral in January.
A similar bill, Senate Bill 1424, sponsored by Sen. Travis Fitzwater, R-Holts Summit, did not get a hearing.
Media Literacy: Companion bills, House Bill 1513 and Senate Bill 1311, aimed to teach students about media and digital literacy. Neither bill advanced.
Danny's Law: Legislation that sought to protect 911 callers from prosecution when calling to report a hazing incident stalled in the House. The bill was named after former University of Missouri student Danny Santulli, who suffered irreparable brain damage after drinking too much when pledging a fraternity at MU in the fall of 2021.
Danny’s Law was meant to offer exoneration to those involved in hazing incidents if they’re the first to call for emergency help.
“As the mother of three college-age men, I understand this is a major issue,” said Rep. Jo Doll, D-St. Louis, who spoke during a March 7 committee hearing. “It’s really important to give kids the ability to call 911 without being afraid of the consequences to them.”
Protecting major water users: House Bill 2669, which sought to limit information being released to the public about major water users, was approved by a House committee but failed to get a floor vote. The bill was meant to protect the information of Missouri’s family farmers and would keep information about individually identifiable water users from being disclosed to the public.
Highway Commission changes: A bill, House Bill 2568, that would have changed the makeup of the Missouri Highways & Transportation Commission was voted down in a committee in Apri. Two other bills that would have either changed the makeup of the commission or done away with it altogether failed to move forward after being the subject of public hearings in early February.
Nursing restrictions: Missouri is one of only a few states not to allow nurse practitioners to practice independently without the authority of a physician. A House committee passed an amended version of one bill, HB 1773, sponsored by Rep. Chad Perkins, R-Bowling Green, that would allow nurses to practice independently after 6,000 hours of work under a physician's supervision. The bill was never placed on the House calendar, a roadblock which some nurses point to opposition from House Floor Leader Rep. Jonathan Patterson, R-Lee’s Summit.
Dmitry Martirosov, Molly Miller, Aidan Pittman, Grant Green and Madeline Shannon contributed to this story.
Cover image: State Representative Chantelle Nickson-Clark(cq) throws her papers at the end of the legislative session on Friday, May 17, 2024 at the Statehouse in Jefferson City. Nickson-Clark was the first Black woman elected to represent District 67 in St. Louis County in Nov. 2022.

This is the second half of my list for Florida's execution roster. As stated in the first part, I split it into two halves in order to follow reddit's character count limitations. Link to part 1.
The currently 105 executed offenders, cases 53 to 105:
53. Aileen Wuornos (~1974-2002, lethal injection): Wuornos murdered 7 men between the ages of 47-65. She was a street prostitute that enticed her victims with promises of sexual favors. After a victim was entrapped, Wuornos shot them dead, and robbed them of their money and their vehicles. Although Wuornos initially claimed that she killed the victims in self defense, she later admitted that they were murdered for their valuables. Her criminal history was extensive, and she had several convictions for armed robbery, assault, DUIs, reckless discharge of firearms, and disorderly conduct. She was also accused of domestic violence by an ex husband, and he placed a restraining order on her within weeks of their marriage.
54. Linroy Bottoson (~1971-2002, lethal injection): In a robbery of a post office, Bottoson stole $14,000 in money orders and $100 in cash, and abducted the post mistress, 74 year old Catherine Alexander. After holding her captive for 3 days, Bottoson stabbed Alexander 16 times, and ran her over with his car. He had several robberies on his criminal record.
55. Amos King Jr. (~1972-2002, lethal injection): After he escaped from a minimum security prison, King broke into the home of 68 year old Natalie Brady and assaulted her. She was raped, stabbed, and savagely beaten in the attack. King then set her house on fire, and returned back to the prison. At his arrival, the prison counselor confronted him about his absence and bloodied clothing. He was stabbed 25 times by King, but managed to survive his injuries. Despite her injuries, Brady managed to crawl out of her burning home, but succumbed to blood loss shortly before help could arrive. King had a previous conviction for robbery.
56. Newton Slawson (1989-2003, lethal injection): Slawson went over to the home of the Wood family (consisting of parents, 23 year old Gerald and 21 year old Peggy, and their children, 4 year old Jennifer and 3 year old Glendon) to buy some cocaine. During an argument over the transaction, Slawson shot and killed Gerald, Jennifer, and Glendon, and wounded Peggy. Slawson then stabbed Peggy (who was 8 months pregnant) with such force that he tore her unborn child out of her womb.
57. Paul Hill (1994-2003, lethal injection): During an attack on an abortion clinic, Hill shot and killed John Britton, a 69 year old abortionist, and his bodyguard, 74 year old James Barrett. Britton’s wife, 68 year old June, was also wounded in the shooting. Hill was a hardline pro life activist and Christian fundamentalist, and saw ending abortion by any means necessary as his personal divine mission.
58. Johnny Robinson (~1980s-2004, lethal injection): Robinson and his teenage accomplice picked up 31 year old Beverly St. George when they found her broken down on the side of the road. They then raped St. George and shot her to death. He tried to claim that they had consensual relations and St. George was hit by an accidental discharge during intercourse. If Robinson's "recollection" was to be believed, he then shot her again to cover up an "accidental" shooting of a white woman. The courts weren't convinced by the defense, and the accomplice admitted that the murder was entirely deliberate and calculated from the beginning. Robinson had several rape convictions and accusations before St. George's murder.
59. John Blackwelder (~1970s-2004, lethal injection): While incarcerated for molesting a 10 year old boy, Blackwelder tied up his cellmate, 39 year old Raymond Wigley, under the alleged pretenses of a bondage session and strangled him to death with makeshift rope. According to Blackwelder, Wigley had been sexually harassing him, and he wanted to put a permeant end to the unwanted advances. Blackwelder had several sexual assault convictions dating back to the 1970s, and was also previously convicted for threatening former vice president Dan Quayle. His victim was the accomplice of another executed offender, John Marek, and was serving a life sentence for assisting him in the torture murder of a woman [for more details on Marek and Wigley's crimes, please see section 68] at the time of his own death.
60. Glen Ocha (1999-2005, lethal injection): Ocha picked up 28 year old Carol Skjerva from a bar and they had sex in his home. However, Skjerva allegedly made mocking remarks towards his genitals and threatened to tell her fiance of their encounter. In a drunken rage and under the influence of ecstasy, Ocha hung her with rope from his kitchen door.
61. Clarence Hill (1982-2006, lethal injection): During an attempted bank robbery with an accomplice, Hill engaged in a shootout with the responding policemen. One of the officers, 26 year old Stephen Taylor, was killed and another was wounded.
62. Arthur Rutherford (1985-2006, lethal injection): Rutherford was hired by a widow, 63 year old Stella Salamon, to do odd jobs around her home. He then drowned Salamon in her bathtub and tried to cash in a check of $2,000 from her account. Salamon's nude body was found with a broken arm, bruising all across her face, and three head wounds.
63. Danny Rolling (~1960s-2006, lethal injection): Rolling murdered a total of 8 people between the ages of 8-55. In 1989, Rolling stabbed 55 year old William Grissom, William’s 24 year old daughter Julie, and his 8 year old grandson Sean to death in their home. Julie’s body was ritualistically mutilated and posed during the attack. A year later, he shot his estranged father, 59 year old James. Although James survived, he was left permanently blind. Rolling then burglarized several student dorms in a week long rampage. Five students, 23 year old Tracy Paules, 23 year old Manuel Taboda, 18 year old Sonja Larson, 17 year old Christa Hoyt, and 17 year old Christina Powell, were bound, raped, and stabbed to death. Only Taboada was spared from any sexual abuse. As with Julia Grissom, Rolling posed the female victims into provocative positions and mutilated their bodies. Roiling decapitated Hoyt and placed her head on a cabinet shelf for the sole purpose of shocking witnesses stumbling across the scene. He had a long history of robberies, assaults, and voyeurism, and some of his earliest convictions occurred when he was a teenager.
64. Ángel Díaz (~1960s-2006, lethal injection): In his native Puerto Rico, Díaz stabbed an unidentified man, who was a director of a local drug rehabilitation center, 19 times while the victim was asleep. Díaz was sentenced for second degree murder, but he escaped after beating a guard near death, and fled to Florida. During his stay in Florida, Díaz and his accomplices robbed a strip club at gunpoint, and shot and killed the manager, 49 year old Joseph Nagy. After Nagy’s murder, he and his accomplices relocated themselves to Connecticut. However, they were arrested for a possession of illegal firearms charge. Díaz and 3 other inmates briefly managed to escape by beating up a guard and threatening another at knifepoint, but were quickly recaptured. After a cellmate testified that Díaz confessed to Nagy’s murder, he was deported back to Florida and sentenced to death. His execution sparked controversy, as it took him 34 minutes to succumb to the lethal drugs. Díaz’s other criminal convictions include shooting and injuring an officer during an armed robbery and several drug possession charges. Authorities also suspected him of being involved with several Puerto Rican nationalist insurgent groups.
65. Mark Schwab (1987-2008, lethal injection): Schwab lured 11 year old Junny Rios-Martinez into a motel room by posing as a photographer for a surfing magazine. He bound Rios-Martinez, anally penetrated him, and smothered the boy to death with a pillow. Schwab also had a conviction for the sexual battery of a 13 year old boy, and he was released after serving 3 out of an 8 year prison sentence months before Rios-Martinez's murder.
66. Richard Henyard (1993-2008, lethal injection): Henyard and his teenage accomplice carjacked 35 year old Dorothy Lewis, and her two daughters, 7 year old Jamilya and 3 year old Jasmine. The pair raped Dorothy, and shot and killed both of her daughters. Dorothy was also shot in the head, but was able to survive. Dorothy recounted that she tried praying for her and her children's safety, and Henyard taunted her by mockingly claiming to be Satan himself.
67. Wayne Tompkins (~1980s-2008, lethal injection): While helping his girlfriend move from their home, Tompkins made sexual advances on her 15 year old daughter, Lisa DeCarr. When she rejected him, Tompkins raped and strangeld her to death with a bathrobe, and tried to report DeCarr as a runaway. Tompkins also had several sexual assault convictions and accusations prior to the murder. One incident involved him abducting and abusing a gas station clerk.
68. John Marek (~1980s-2008, lethal injection): Marek and his accomplice, Raymond Wigley, picked up 47 year old Adela Simmons. They forced Simmons to perform oral sex on them, burned her fingers and pubic hairs, and strangled her to death with a bandana. The pair then dumped her body near a beach. Marek was sentenced to death for Simmons' murder, while Wigley was given a life sentence. While in prison, Wigley himself was strangled to death by the above mentioned John Blackwelder.
69. Martin Grossman (1984-2010, lethal injection): Grossman was given probation after a spree involving the burglary of an ex girlfriend's home and stealing cars. While out shooting a stolen handgun with a friend, they were confronted by Margaret Park, a 26 year old wildlife ranger. Wanting to avoid being arrested and put back into prison for violating his parole, Grossman and his friend attacked Park with a flashlight. They wrestled her service pistol away from her and shot and killed Park with it. Due to Grossman being Jewish, his death sentence outraged several Jewish organizations across the globe, and they petitioned ceaselessly for his clemency.
70. Manuel Valle (1978-2011, lethal injection): While driving a stolen car, Valle was pulled over by Louis Pena, a 41 year old police officer, for a traffic violation. In the confrontation, Valle shot Pena and his partner. Although Pena was killed in the shooting, his partner's life was saved by a bullet proof vest.
71. Oba Chandler (~1960s-2011, lethal injection): Chandler enticed a woman, 36 year old Joan Rogers, and her two daughters, 17 year old Michelle and 14 year old Christe, with the promise of a boat ride. On board, he bound the family with rope and raped all three of them. Chandler then tied concrete blocks around Joan and her daughters' necks and tossed them into the ocean to drown. He also raped and strangled 20 year old Ivelisse Berrios–Beguerisse after abducting her from a mall, and was linked to the murder by a 2014 DNA test 3 years after his execution. Chandler was an inveterate sexual predator with a very long criminal history, and was first arrested for car theft in his early teens. Many of his other crimes include several convictions of armed robbery, burglary, rape, counterfeiting, and kidnapping. In one incident, he broke into a couple’s house, and sexually assaulted the wife in front of her husband. One surviving victim, a 24 year old Canadian tourist, helped investigators tie Chandler to the Rogers’ murders with her reports.
72. Robert Waterhouse (~1966-2012, lethal injection): In 1966, Waterhouse snuck into the home of 77 year old Ella Carter, and raped and strangled her to death. He was paroled after serving 8 years of a life sentence. A few years later, Waterhouse picked up 29 year old Deborah Kammerer from a bar and assaulted her on a nearby beach. He stabbed and violated Kammerer with a broken bottle, shoved a tampon down her throat, and drowned her in the ocean waters.
73. David Gore (1981-2012, lethal injection): Gore and his cousin abducted and murdered 4 teenage girls (17 year old Ying Hua Ling, 17 year old Lynn Eilliot, 14 year old Angelica LaVallee, 14 year old Barbara Byer) and 2 grown women (48 year old Hsiang Huang Ling and 35 year old Judith Daley). The victims were kidnapped through force, picked up while hitchhiking, or tricked into thinking that Gore was a police officer detaining them. They were then tied up, raped, and shot or strangled to death. The cousins dismembered the bodies in their attempts to destroy them and buried the scattered remains in shallow graves. Two of their victims, Ying Hua Ling and Hsiang Huang Ling, were a mother and daughter pair of Taiwanese immigrants, and the cousins murdered them together. A 7th victim, 14 year old friend of Eilliot, was also abducted and sodomized, but she managed to escape with Eilliot's help.
74. Manuel Pardo Jr. (1986-2012, lethal injection): Pardo was a corrupt cop heavily involved in the drug trade. After his department fired him for his abuse of power and suspected tampering of investigations, Pardo went on a crime spree. He shot and killed at least 9 men and women in robberies and interpersonal disputes. The victims he murdered in robberies were 39 year old Ulpiano Ledo, 37 year old Luis Robledo, 33 year old Mario Amador, and 28 year old Roberto Alons. In every robbery incident, he stole the victims’ credit cards. Pardo killed 28 year old Fara Quintero in an argument over a ring he pawned to her and 30 year old Sara Musa for refusing his demands of buying him a VCR set with a credit card stolen from one of his previous robberies. Another victim, Michael Millot, a 38 year old Haitian refugee that took up work as a gunsmith, was slain out of Pardo’s fears of him being a police informant. His last murders were 40 year old Ramon Alvero, a drug dealer that he work for, and Alvaro’s girlfriend, 38 year old Daisy Ricard. Pardo turned on the couple after Alvaro stiffed him of a meeting. He shot Alvaro dead, but Padro’s gun jammed when he tried to shoot Ricard as well. As he was beating Ricard to death with his gun, it discharged and hit Pardo’s foot. On death row, Pardo tried to fashion himself as a vigilante trying to rid Florida of all drug related crimes.
75. Larry Mann (~1970s-2012, lethal injection): Mann ambushed 10 year old Elisa Nelson while she was biking from school to a dentist appointment. He raped Nelson and beat her to death with a pipe. Authorities also initially suspected Mann in the murders of several girls in the area, such as 16 year old Janie Sanders and 13 year old Rose Levandoski, but the current thinking is that another (still unknown) predator was likely responsible. Although he had convictions against adult women, Mann was a pedophile with a history of mostly preying on young girls.
76. Elmer Carroll (~1972-2012, lethal injection): Carroll broke into the room of 10 year old Christine McGowan. He raped and strangled the girl to death, tucked the body underneath the bedsheets, and stole her stepfather's construction truck. McGowan's body discovered was by her stepfather when he came to check on her. At the time of the murder, Carroll had two separate convictions (including one against his then 5 year old niece) for child molestation and was first accused of rape at the age of 16.
77. William Van (~1971-2013, lethal injection): Poyck Van Poyck and another man, Frank Valdez, ambushed a prison van that their incarcerated friend was being transported in with the intent of freeing him. The pair shot and killed a guard, 40 year old Fred Griffis and wounded another. Despite overtaking the van, they were forced to retreat without their friend with the arrival of police reinforcements. Both were captured after a brief shootout with the police and were given death sentences for Griffis’ murder. The case sparked controversy when Valdez was beaten to death by other prison guards in his cell. The officers involved were all fired but acquitted for murder in their trials. Van Poyck had several convictions of armed robbery on his record.
78. John Ferguson (~1960s-2013, lethal injection): Ferguson was the mastermind of the Carol City massacre that his above mentioned accomplices, Marvin Francois and Beauford White, participated in. He also committed a series of murders on his own. Two of his other victims, 17 year old Brian Glenfeldt and 17 year old Belinda Worley, were a couple that were ambushed in the parking lot of an ice cream shop. Ferguson raped Worley, shot her and Glenfeldt dead, and ran off with her jewelry and Glenfeldt’s wallet. Another couple, 82 year old Katherine and 75 year old Raymond Perry, were assaulted by Ferguson in their motel room, robbed, and shot dead execution style. Authorities also believe that Ferguson was responsible for the murders of James Ward, a 40 year old runaway from a mental institution, and Joseph Walters (age unknown), but was never convicted of them in court. Ferguson had a troubled upbringing, was stealing cars at the age of 13, and convicted for the attempted murder of an officer. Due to allegations of him being a schizophrenic, his execution was delayed numerous times, which is why he was put to death decades after his accomplices.
79. Marshall Gore (1988-2013, lethal injection): Gore abducted and murdered two women, 30 year old Robyn Novick and 19 year old Susan Roark. Both women were last seen in his company, and they were raped, beaten, and stabbed to death. He also carjacked 32 year old Tina Coralis while she was driving with her 2 year old son Jimmy. Gore raped Tina, beat her with a rock, slit her throat, dumped her on the side of the road, and drove off with her car while Jimmy was still in it. Tina survived the attack and notified the police about her kidnapped son and stolen car. The police were able to rescue Jimmy unharmed and capture Gore without incident.
80. William Happ (~1980s-2013, lethal injection): Happ dragged 21 year old Angela Crowley out of her own car window in a convenience store parking lot. He anally raped and strangled Crowley to death with her pants. A corner's report mentioned that Crowley received over 20 blows to her head during the assault. Happ had several convictions of armed robbery, one of which pertained to an abduction incident.
81. Darius Kimbrough (1991-2013, lethal injection): Kimbrough climbed into the apartment window of 28 year old Denise Collin with the help of a ladder. He raped and repeatedly slammed her head against the wall. She was found bloodied and nude by the paramedics called to the scene. Collin died of her injuries in the hospital a day after the attack. Her murder went unsolved until samples of Kimbrough’s DNA were collected from another one of his rapes. With the presence of additional pubic hairs found in Collin’s room, at least two other men were also certainly involved, but they remain at large to this day.
82. Thomas Knight (~1960s-2013, lethal injection): Knight began his string of murders by abducting his former employer, 64 year old Sydney Gans, and Sydney's wife, 60 year old Lillian. After her forced them to withdraw $50,000 from their bank accounts, Knight shot the Gans' dead. He was apprehended and, but he managed to escape from jail while awaiting trial. While on the run, Knight gunned down a clerk, 54 year old William Culpepper, while holding up a liquor store, and $640 from the cash register. A month later, Knight was recaptured following an armed standoff with police, and sentenced to death for the Gan killings. On death row, he stabbed a correctional officer, 48 year old Richard Burke, to death with a sharpened spoon over the prison allegedly barring him from seeing his mother. Knight had numerous theft and burglary convictions that date back to when he was 9 years old.
83. Juan Chavez (1995-2014, lethal injection): Chavez accosted 9 year old Jimmy Ryce when the boy was dropped off at a stop by a school bus, and abducted him at gunpoint. He took Ryce to a trailer on his employers' property and raped him. When Ryce tried to signal a passing helicopter for help, Chavez shot him in the back of the head, and muffled his cries as he died. The body was then decapitated and dismembered, and Chavez buried the remains near his trailer.
84. Paul Howell (~1990s-2014, lethal injection): Howell was part of a drug smuggling gang. One of the members had a falling out with the ring and made an agreement with law enforcement to testify against them. Howell constructed a microwave bomb to assassinate the witness in her home, and he assigned an associate to carry out the hit. As he was transporting the bomb to its intended destination, the associate was pulled over and detained by deputies. While being processed, the bomb detonated prematurely, and killed a deputy, 35 year old James Fulford, Jr.
85. Robert Henry (1987-2014, lethal injection): As part of his plan to assault the gas station that he worked at, Henry tricked his co workers, 53 year old Phyllis Harris and 35 year old Janet Thermidor, into thinking that a robber was holding him hostage. He duped the women into allowing themselves to be tied up and gagged, as Henry claimed to them that the fictitious "robber" was forcing him to do it. Both women were beaten with hammers as Henry ransacked the station’s store. After he stole a total of $1,269 from the register, he poured gasoline all over the building, and set it on fire. Thermidor and Harris were burned alive in the blaze and died of their injures, but Thermidor survived long enough to identify Henry as the assailant.
86. Robert Hendrix (1990-2014, lethal injection): To prevent his cousin, 25 year old Elmer Scott Jr., from testifying against him in a then upcoming burglary trail, Hendrix broke into the home that he shared with his wife, 18 year old Susan, with an accomplice. He shot Susan and Elmer, beat them with the butt of his rifle, and slashed their throats. In the case that he was about to be tried for, Elmer and Hendrix burglarized a home together, and Elmer agreed to testify against him in exchange for a reduced sentence.
87. John Henry (~1975-2014, lethal injection): In 1975, Henry got into an argument with his first wife, 28 year old Patricia Roddy, while they were driving with her daughters. Henry pulled over and stabbed Patricia to death in front of her children. After he plead guilty, Henry was given a 15 year sentence for second degree murder, and was released in 1983 after serving 8. Shortly after his release, he married 28 year old Suzanne Overstreet. As what happened with his first wife, he fatally stabbed Suzanne during an argument in 1985. He then took his stepson, 4 year old Eugene Christian, to a chicken farm and stabbed him to death as well. Henry also had several convictions for the possession of drugs and illegal firearms.
88. Eddie Davis (~1980s-2014, lethal injection): Davis kidnapped his ex girlfriend's daughter, 11 year Kimberly Waters, from her home and gagged her with a rag. He took the girl to a trailer that he used to live in, and raped and strangled her to death. His criminal activity before the murder included several arrests for burglary and autotheft.
89. Chadwick Banks (1992-2014, lethal injection): Banks shot his wife, 30 year old Cassandra, in the head while she was sleeping on their couch. He then crept into the room of his stepdaughter, 10 year old Melody Cooper, and sexually assaulted her. Melody was also shot dead during the abuse.
90. Johnny Kormondy (~1989-2014, lethal injection): Kormondy and his two accomplices invaded a house that Gary McAdams, a 38 year old banker, shared with his wife, 38 year old Cecilia. The couple were ambushed after they returned home from a high school reunion. Gary was shot and killed by Kormondy, while Cecilia was forced to orally copulate the other intruders. Several items were stolen in the robbery, but my sources didn’t disclose any specifics. Kormondy had several previous convictions of robberies and auto thefts, and the earliest occurred when he was 14.
91. Jerry Correll (1985-2015, lethal injection): Correll shot and killed his ex wife, 25 year old Susan, their daughter, 5 year old Tuesday, Susan's sister, 29 year old Marybeth Jones, and their mother, 58 year old Mary Lou Hines. All four victims were murdered in a home they shared together.
92. Oscar Bolin (~1977-2015, lethal injection): Bolin was sentenced to death for the abductions and murders of 26 year old Teri Matthews, 25 year old Natalie Holley, and 17 year old Stephanie Collins. All 3 victims were kidnapped while they were getting off from work, raped, and killed in beating and stabbing attacks. He raped and strangled a fourth victim, 30 year old Deborah Stowe, to death in Texas, but wasn't charged due to already facing the death penalty in Florida. Bolin also took part in the non fatal abduction and gang rape of a waitress in Ohio, was charged for kidnapping his girlfriend (which were later dropped by the courts), and had several theft convictions that started when he was 15.
93. Mark Asay (1987-2017, lethal injection): Asay shot and killed a black man, 34 year old Robert Booker, during a racially charged fight that he picked at a bar. After Booker's murder, Asay, his brother, and their friend went cruising for prostitutes. They encountered a cross dressing sex worker, 26 year old Robert McDowell, they were acquainted with and picked him up. McDowell was also shot dead by Asay when they got into an argument over payment for an oral sex act.
94. Michael Lambrix (1983-2017, lethal injection): While intoxicated, Lambrix beat one of his friends, 35 year old Clarence Moore, to death with a tire iron, and fatally strangled another friend, 19 year old Aleisha Bryant, with a t-shirt in their trailer. He was previously arrested for welfare fraud and was detained for an unspecified "unrelated charge" during the murder investigation.
95. Patrick Hannon (1991-2017, lethal injection): 27 year old Brandon Snider vandalized the bedroom of his ex girlfriend while she was away on vacation. The ex girlfriend's brother was friends with Hannon, and he convinced him to launch a revenge attack on Snider with the help of another friend. They broke into Snider's apartment, stabbed him, and slit his throat. Snider's roommate, 28 year old Robert Carter, witnessed the murder, and tried hiding underneath his bed. Hannon dragged Carter out and shot him to death.
96. Eric Branch (1991-2018, lethal injection): In 1993, Branch abducted and carjacked 21 year old Susan Morris. He raped, beat, and strangled her to death, and then buried Morris' body in a shallow grave near a nature trail. Branch used Morris' car to flee back to his native Indiana, but was captured for a traffic violation. A registered sex offender, Branch had previous convictions for sexually abusing a 14 year old girl, and raped an unidentified woman 10 days before Morris' murder.
97. José Jiménez (~1990-2018, lethal injection): Jiménez fatally strangled Marie Debas, a 32 year old French woman who was allegedly in a relationship with a Medellin cartel drug runner, during a burglary of her apartment. Two years later, he burglarized the home of 63 year old Phyllis Minas, and stabbed her to death.
98. Bobby Long (~1990-2018, lethal injection): As the “Classified Ad Rapist”, Long raped over 50 women. He was given that epithet due to contacting and luring his victims through classified ads. After one of his victims sought charges that initially convicted him (though were later dropped on appeals), Long’s pattern of sexual violence escalated to murder. Long murdered at least 10 women and teenage girls between the ages of 18-28 and non fatally assaulted a 33 year old woman, Linda Nuttall, and a 17 year old girl, Lisa McVey. The victims were picked up through hitchhiking, forcibly grabbed while walking alone on streets, or were prostitutes lured with promises of payment for sexual favors. Long’s sparing of his last victim, McVey, provided to be his downfall, as it was her meticulously detailed reports that led law enforcement to him.
99. Gary Bowles (~1970s-2019, lethal injection): Bowles lured 6 men, 72 year old Milton Bradley, 59 year old John Roberts, 47 year old Walter Hinton, 47 year old Alverson, 39 year old David Jarman, and 38 year old Albert Morris by prostituting himself to them. Once a victim was enticed, Bowles strangled them, and stole their credit cards. He also had several convictions for armed robbery, hospitalized his stepfather in his early teens, and served a 6 year prison sentence for sexually assaulting his girlfriend.
100. Donald Dillbeck (~1979-2023, lethal injection): In 1979, Dillbeck stole a car, and was pulled over by a deputy, 31 year old Dwight Hall. After a prolonged chase and scuffle, Dillbeck shot and killed Hall with his own gun. He was then given a life sentence for Hall's murder. Dillbeck escaped from prison in 1990, and stabbed 44 year old Robbie Vann to death while trying to seize her car. The pursuing officers recaptured him shortly after the killing, and he was sentenced to death for Vann's murder.
101. Louis Gaskin (~1986-2023, lethal injection): Gaskin started his burglary spree by breaking into the home of couple, 56 year old Robert and 55 year old Georgette Sturmfels. He shot them both dead, and stole their lamp, VCR set, and some jewelry and money. His second target was a house owned by 38 year old Joseph Rector and his wife Mary (age unknown). Although Gaskin shot Joseph, the couple both managed to escape him with their lives. Due to him wearing a ninja costume as a disguise during the robberies, he was dubbed as the "Ninja Killer" by media outlets. Gaskin also had a few robbery convictions at the time of the murders.
102. Darryl Barwick (1983-2023, lethal injection): Barwick stalked 24 year old Rebecca Wendt as she was sunbathing in a pool, followed her to her apartment, and forced himself inside to rob it. He stabbed Wendt 37 times and raped her. At the age of 16, Barwick had committed a similar act of rape and burglary against an unidentified woman, and was released from prison 3 months before Wendt's murder.
103. Duane Owen (1984-2023, lethal injection): Owen raped 14 year old Karen Slattery while burglarizing a home she was babysitting at, and stabbed her to death. A few months later, Owen burglarized another home owned by 38 year old Georgianna Worden. She was sexually assaulted and fatally beaten with a hammer. He was captured while breaking into another house on the same day, and confessed to Worden and Slattery's murders
104. James Barnes (~1988-2023, lethal injection): In 1988, Barnes invaded the home of 41 year old Patricia Miller, and tied her up with her own shoelaces. She was sexually assaulted, beaten to death with a hammer, and Barnes set her bed on fire to destroy any evidence of the crime. 9 years later, Barnes strangled his estranged wife, 44 year old Linda, to death in her home, and stuffed the body into a closet. He stayed in the house until he was arrested by police officers. Barnes also admitted to the shooting deaths of Chester Wetmore, a 14 year old runaway, and Brenda Fletcher, a 50 year old prostitute, but was never charged for their killings. According to Barnes, he killed both victims for stealing from him.
105. Michael Zack III (1996-2023, lethal injection): Zack befriended two women, 40 year old Laura Rosillo and 31 year old Ravonne Smith, while hanging out at bars. He lured Rosillo to the beach with the promise of drugs, and assaulted her with a tire iron. Rosillo was raped, strangled to death, and he buried her body in a sand dune. A day later, he tricked Smith into letting him inside her house. She was smashed in the head with a glass bottle, raped, and stabbed to death. Zack then fled with her car, television set, VCR, and her purse. On a different note, when he was a child, Zack’s older sister dismembered their mother with an ax over an argument regarding the sister’s boyfriend. He used that story to gain the sympathy of his victims. His sister (who was simply institutionalized rather then incarcerated for the murder) also testified about their stepfather’s alleged abuse of them at his trial, though the prosecutors debunked most of her stories.

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• Linear Algebra - Foundations to Frontiers
• Introduction to Linear Models and Matrix Algebra
• Mathematics for Machine Learning: Linear Algebra
• Matrix Methods in Data Analysis, Signal Processing, and Machine Learning (Spring 2018)
• Linear Algebra III: Determinants and Eigenvalues
• Linear Algebra IV: Orthogonality & Symmetric Matrices and the SVD
• Linear Regression in R for Public Health
• Linear Algebra (Fall 2011)
• Linear Algebra II: Matrix Algebra
• Linear Algebra I: Linear Equations
• Advanced Linear Algebra: Foundations to Frontiers
• Data Science: Linear Regression
• Linear Regression and Modeling
• Analytic Combinatorics
• Algebra: Elementary to Advanced - Functions & Applications
• Algebra: Elementary to Advanced - Polynomials and Roots
• Algebra: Elementary to Advanced - Equations & Inequalities
• Optimization: principles and algorithms - Linear optimization
• Calculus: Single Variable Part 1 - Functions
• Calculus: Single Variable Part 2 - Differentiation
• Calculus: Single Variable Part 3 - Integration
• Introduction to Differential Equations
• Differential Equations: 2x2 Systems
• Differential Equations: Fourier Series and Partial Differential Equations
• Calculus: Single Variable Part 4 - Applications
• Calculus Applied!
• Combinatorial Mathematics
• Single Variable Calculus (Fall 2006)
• Calculus through Data & Modeling: Differentiation Rules
• Differential Equations: Linear Algebra and NxN Systems of Differential Equations
• Differential Equations (Fall 2011)
• Single Variable Calculus
• Calculus through Data & Modeling: Applying Differentiation
• Calculus through Data & Modeling: Limits & Derivatives
• Calculus through Data & Modeling: Precalculus Review
• Calculus through Data & Modelling: Techniques of Integration
• Calculus through Data & Modelling: Series and Integration
• Applied Calculus with Python
• Calculus through Data & Modelling: Integration Applications
• A-Level Further Mathematics for Year 12 - Course 2: 3 x 3 Matrices, Mathematical Induction, Calculus Methods and Applications, Maclaurin Series, Complex Numbers and Polar Coordinates
• Discovery Precalculus: A Creative and Connected Approach
• Precalculus
• Precalculus: Relations and Functions
• Precalculus: Periodic Functions
• Precalculus: Mathematical Modeling
• Multivariable Calculus (Fall 2007)
• Calculus through Data & Modelling: Vector Calculus Please note that this is not an exhaustive list.