The Automotive Semiconductor Market Size was valued at USD 44.28 billion in 2021 and is expected to reach USD 66.59 billion by 2030 and grow at a CAGR of 6% over the forecast period 2022-2030.
The Automotive Semiconductor market analysis gives you a quick look at the most intriguing trends and sectors, which were constructed using CAGR and market size as a guide. The study's facts and numbers have been approved by leading professionals and industry experts from a variety of sectors. A range of primary and secondary data sources are used in the market research. A number of industry experts, suppliers, distributors, and other associated individuals were interviewed as part of the investigation. Secondary sources include statistical data from news releases, government websites, corporation annual reports, and other related materials.
On a point-by-point basis, the research report evaluates important market developments, recent trends, and notable advancements. Given the market, it also delivers critical procedures that are accepted by huge corporations. This is a fantastic resource for gaining Automotive Semiconductor market insider knowledge. The study's major goal is to provide a market development guide that will help clients describe expected approaches to achieving their business goals.
Download PDF Sample: https://altusmarketresearch.com/reports/sample/43548
Automotive Semiconductor Market Segmentation
By Component:
· Processor
· Sensors
· Discrete Power
· Memory
· Others
By Application:
· Chassis
· Safety
· Powertrain
· Telematics & Infotainment
· Body Electronics
By Vehicle Type:
· Passenger Vehicles
· LCV
· HCV
Competitive Scenario:
Analog Devices, Inc., Micron Technology, Renesas Electronics Corp., Infineon Technologies AG, NXP Semiconductors N.V., Renesas Electronics Corp., On Semiconductor Corp, Robert Bosch GmbH, ROHM Co., Ltd., STMicroelectronics N.V., Toshiba Corp., and Texas Instruments, Inc. are some of the affluent competitors with significant market share in the Automotive Semiconductor Market.

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The art of ads isn’t the cold targeting, but the precise training of each artist’s unique Meta Ads Account algorithm using tracking tools and a methodical structure to setup and data collection. This organized approach is what makes the difference between a simple template setup lifted from a YouTube guru and a professional music marketing company.
We focus on building our artist’s fan bases genuinely overtime by building relationships at scale, so we can capitalize on the 4 main revenue streams for indies: - concert tickets - merchandise - crowdfunding - synch licensing
Here to help. Ask any questions!

When you're a cop, you don't have the luxury of feeling things. You have to do the job.
Welcome Earthers to our final discussion of Leviathan Wakes. And what an ending it was! If you want to catch up on any previous discussions, you can find the schedule here and marginalia here. Otherwise let's dive in!
Chapter 48: Miller – Miller and crew arrive at Eros. Protogen’s involvement with the station has become public knowledge (and surprisingly it wasn’t Holden that told everyone) which has shifted the blame to the corporation and put the Earth-Mars war on hold. Miller and the OPA team strategically place fusion bombs on Eros and their return transport arrives, but Miller tells Diogo he’s staying behind. The next day, he heads to the outside of Eros and awaits the Nauvoo’s impact, with the Eros’ feed and his imaginary Julie keeping him company. But just before the collision, Eros shouts, “Don’t you fucking touch me!” and dodges out of the way!
Chapter 49: Holden – Understandably, everyone on the Rocinante is like WTF just happened!? Naomi explains that it can’t be magic because whatever Eros just did to move seven thousand trillion tons of rock wasted energy which they can see. So you know, just really fucking advanced science, but not magic! Eros then disappears off the radar but continues to move towards Earth at high speed. Holden and the UNN Escort Vessel agree to temporarily put their differences aside and chase Eros. Holden calls Fred and says this is a great opportunity to get everyone to work together before they all turn into vomit zombies. Fred tells Holden to call Miller and get the remote detonation codes to the bombs on Eros to maybe buy them some time.
Chapter 50: Miller – Miller tells Holden he’s still on Eros, somehow not feeling the insane movement and just hanging out upside down like a bat. Of course Holden wants to rescue Miller, but he’s like, “No bro, you get why I’m here,” and Holden drops it. Miller decides the best bet is to take the fusion bombs inside Eros to whatever is controlling it. Naomi sets him up a dead’s man switch, so now Miller has to somehow drag these heavy ass bombs around without ever lifting his finger off a button for more than 5 seconds. Miller tells Holden his last wish is to find Julie’s parents and figure out their link to Protogen, and then heads into Eros.
Chapter 51: Holden – Eros continues to travel faster and faster, and it is impossible for the Rocinante to keep up without causing serious physical damage or killing everyone on board. Fred calls and says that Earth has forgiven him after learning that he had nothing to do with Eros and, in fact, Protogen hated him. Holden doesn’t have the patience to congratulate Fred on his personal gains since his organs are about to explode. Fred says that Earth is going to launch its entire nuclear arsenal at Eros, but needs the Rocinante to bounce a laser off it so they can use its targeting system to guide their missiles. This means the crew would need to put the ship on autopilot and sacrifice themselves, which Holden isn’t super keen to do. He tells Fred he’ll think about it, but then immediately stops the ship because he refuses to let his crew (especially Naomi) die. Naomi heard everything Fred said and isn’t pleased with Holden’s decision. But no fear, he has a back-up plan! If they turn back on the OPA freighters attached to Eros, they can use their transponders to track Eros. The nukes are successfully launched and everyone’s happy until Miller calls sand says there’s a problem.
Chapter 52: Miller – It’s a struggle, but Miller manages to get into Eros which is now filled with human corpse crust and luminescent dots in the air. He realizes that to find whatever is powering the ‘ship’, he should use temperature to guide him to the hot spot. As he progresses deeper, he hears Eros talk about taking the ‘razor back’ and Miller has the biggest lightbulb moment – Julie is alive and she’s the brain of the protomolecule!
Chapter 53: Holden – Miller tells Holden to check all his vitals to clear that he’s not physically going crazy before dropping the bomb that Julie is the one driving Eros to Earth. He argues that the original protomolecule was meant to infect single-celled organisms. It is now being forced to improvise as it’s infected much more complex creatures so is using Julie and her brain as a template. Miller doesn’t think the protomolecule wants to wipe out humanity, since humans didn’t even exist when it was first launched, so if he can only speak to Julie (or what’s left of her), he can convince her to take Eros away from Earth. He agrees that if he can’t get through to her with words, he’ll use the bomb and blow up Eros, but he needs Holden to buy him some time. Naomi comes up with a plan to deflect the missiles in an arc shape and trick the UNN to not realizing what’s happening. They pitch their plan to Fred who immediately rejects it, but Holden offers him the protomolecule sample in exchange which is too good to pass up. Holden tells Miller the plan is on and that they should take Eros to Venus.
Chapter 54: Miller – Miller is looking for Julie while trying not to go insane. Visions of Holden, Havelock and Muss guide him to the backup environment control room where he finds Julie’s body. He wakes her up, introduces himself and explains the situation. Miller removes his suit helmet, letting the protomolecule infect him, and convinces Julie to head to Venus.
Chapter 55: Holden – Holden wakes up from a nightmare to a call from the UNN ship. They’ve learned about the deflected missiles and the Rocinante is in big trouble. McBride tells Holden he’s got ten minutes to deactivate the false transponders or else she’s shooting them down. Before a battle can break out, Eros reappears on the radar and everyone can see it’s heading away from Earth. It crashes into Venus, saving all of humanity from becoming vomit zombies (for now at least).
Epilogue: Fred – After the Eros crash, tensions are still high among Earth, Mars and the Belt. Fred is about to deliver a speech with the aim to establish peace between all parties. The protomolecule is NOT dead things are happening on Venus, like two kilomtere high crystal towers. So Fred’s hidden sample is the best option for finding a solution to protect humanity. Holden appears and asks if Fred can help him and his crew get amnesty and keep the Rocinante. He also wants Fred to talk about the real Miller and not turn him into a heroic Belter icon. Before his speech, Fred is tempted to go Holden’s way but ultimately labels it a “noble way to fail,” and carries on with his original plan, using Miller’s sacrifice as a tool to try and unite humanity.

Hey. Young professional, sorted and sane, based in Mission Bay and CBD. Looking for good guys for good fun. I am vers, so can top or bottom, be submissive or dominant. Not into time wasting or trading, so please only reach out if you are serious about meeting off here. I don’t often host at first meet so we’d have to meet somewhere like a hotel, sauna, your car, park or similar. I am clean, hygienic and STD free with regular tests and proof and expect the same. I am a beachub type (sorry smooth twink lovers!), open to most things and with most guys, have experience but not fussed if you don’t. Like to sometimes treat/spoil or do rwrdplay, so try your luck. Jerk, anal, oral, kink or vanilla, all is OK with me. I have met many guys who aren’t necessarily gay so if you’re curious or wanting to experiment, reach out. Only seeking non-strings attached, casual fun, nothing serious! Only chat and meet guys with photos including recent face pic. Open to filming with guys who are into this as well. Photos and info on my profile, Insta on my bio. Please do not contact me if you are only after pics, time wasting chat and cannot meet. Not into trans/couples/sissies, sorry. Flick me a DM if curious to meet. I do have some mates who may be open to threesome/group with the right guy, at the right time. Curious lads: happy to jerk/blow you and go.

I need your advice on writing task 2. I just timed myself in a TestReady writing task and I managed to write the following in the given 10 minutes. the e-rater gave me 5/5 for this.
1) is that too formal of an essay?
2) can I get a good writing score based on this sample I just did?
The topic of taking a gap between high school graduation and entrance to university has generated much discussion in recent years and it presents its own set of challenges. However, I would like to express my opinion on this. I closely align with Andrew's perspective that it will give the students a platform to really dig deep into the subjects and really know what it actually is to have some hands-on fieldwork. Furthermore, I would like to emphasize that so many people like in my country Iran need to do obligatory military service by the age of 18 and entering some university might be some sort of motive to delay that but after graduation, you still have to attend that period of 2 years which is somehow considered as a gap between studies and field work. Thus, I think it would be really beneficial for most to take a gap and hold back for a second and try to see things from a different perspective, It might not be really essential for everybody to enrol in a university program. Claire raised the relevant point that if the students take a gap prices may skyrocket in between but I think she misses a critical point that period they might transition into something completely different and not pursue academic education ever again. So yeah, I think it's super helpful that most students if not all of them, take some sort of break before entering university and starting their professional life.

Ok so first off I gotta say that I found these questions from another post and I'm just gonna use this as a template to write my own answers.
Sorry for the bad grammar.
I've been questioning what my mbti is for sometime and It's really bugging me that I can't get a clear answer.I always thought I'm an INTJ but idk(sometimes I get INTP, INFJ or ISFP on personality tests) so yeah it's pretty much a mess💀I thought I knew myself better than this Let's get started!
• How old are you? What's your gender? Give us a general description of yourself.
-16 yo girl
• Is there a medical diagnosis that may impact your mental stability somehow?
-nope (I do have social anxiety tho.Im still working on it)
• Describe your upbringing. Did it have any kind of religious or structured influence? How did you respond to it?
-No one in my familly is actually religious.Only my grandma and It's pretty moderate.When I was little she would take me to church a lot and I actually enjoyed following the traditions.As I got a bit older I started to question If God was actually real or not and came to the conclusion that this whole religion thing sounds pretty stupid.In the present day, although I don't belive in God,I still respect religion and find it quite beautiful to follow.I especially admire the dedication and self control one must have in order to be called a true beliver.Something that I hate tho is those people who use their religion to bring down others and their different perspectives on life.
• What do you do as a job or as a career (if you have one)? Do you like it? Why or why not?
-I'm in highschool and I guess It's alright -As a career I want to go to law school and become a prosecutor because I'm intrested in the justice system (it's corrupt af) and criminology • If you had to spend an entire weekend by yourself, how would you feel? Would you feel lonely or refreshed?
-a weekend spent alone and organised with a routine so that I can focus on my hobbies and the stuff that I need to get done is a perfect weekend in my opinion! But Let's be honest,a productive weekend rarely happends for me..!
• What kinds of activities do you prefer? Do you like, and are you good at sports? Do you enjoy any other outdoor or indoor activities?
Mostly indoor activities like drawing, listening to music, painting, writing when it comes to outdoor activities.. Walking alone through the forest or going to the cinema/restaurant with my friends/family and sometimes even weight lifting at the gym!
• How curious are you? Do you have more ideas then you can execute? What are your curiosities about? What are your ideas about - is it environmental or conceptual, and can you please elaborate?
I'm a pretty curious person and want to take in as much info as possible but only in subjects that peak my intrest like anatomy, history, philosophy,psychology.When it comes to stuff like math,chemestry,even if I want to learn more, it's like I have a mental block that prevents me from remembering info about them (I still do good academically in those subjects.I force myself cuz I want good grades)
• Would you enjoy taking on a leadership position? Do you think you would be good at it? What would your leadership style be?
-I really like being the one in control but only when it comes to smaller projects or stuff that I'm familiar with and not too anxious about.Around my friends I make a pretty good leader because I am not afriad to be assertive with them(sometimes I am too mean)but around people that I don't know very well it's like I have no backbone.So I find it hard to be direct with them and instead would do it in subtle ways. One thing that I'm good at(when it comes to school presentations)is organising the project and being the first one to step up and get the work done(alone if I have to)I like doing the design,breaking down and synthetizing the info and being the one who does most of the talking in front of the class because I always make sure to prepare my speach and look as confident as I can.
• Are you coordinated? Why do you feel as if you are or are not? Do you enjoy working with your hands in some form? Describe your activity?
-I guess??? I'm not really sure about this one🥲but yeah I enjoy stuff like pottery, painting, drawing, writing.I'm pretty messy when I work on my paintings and often get frustrated when it doesn't come out right so I just start scribbling on them and then abandon the project 💀
• Are you artistic? If yes, describe your art? If you are not particular artistic but can appreciate art please likewise describe what forums of art you enjoy. Please explain your answer.
-I am really artistic and creative! Art was my hyperfocus when I was little and I would get praised for it a lot.My art always had this clean finished look.Now that I'm a little older,I have other intrests than art and studying and I have become a bit more disorganised and lazy(teenage years are hard💪😔) this has reflected in my art which now doesn't have a consistent artstyle and is a lot more messy.
• What's your opinion about the past, present, and future? How do you deal with them?
-Past:I am not extremly focused on the distant past but I do sometimes reevaluate cringe memories and past conversations.I always try to put on in public this facade that I am a confident person(when I was little I was extremly anxious) and try to think beforehand of how to act when talking with other people.These efforts are cut short tho because of how socially oblivious I seem to be and how hard I understand people's reactions and emotions.I am also really paranoid that I did something wrong or that the person I was talking to was trying to sabotage me in some way.This makes me always think about past conversations and try to remember their words and body language to realise what it all meant.
-Present:I am not really intrested in the present moment as I do have my head in the clouds most of the time.I also do not really enjoy my moments spent with other people because I think they are pretty meaningless.My incapability to like this stuff and be more geniune like the others really infuriates me and makes me try to sometimes copy their behaviors.Either way, don't take it as me not apreciating the moments spent with my loved ones.I really do and it makes me be happy but It's not Something that will actually stick with me as I grow older.The moments that I really like are those when I am left alone.For example,my newest pleasent memory is one where I was sitting on the school bus, staring out the window and watching the heavy rain as I listened to a video essay with my headphones on.That moment touched my heart deeply somehow. (And I just realised I started talking about the past again hehe)
-Future:The future is my main concern.I really want to make the most of this life.I want to become somone great.I really wish to give it my all to my future job,to write books that could inspire other people and to stand up for causes I belive in. Either way,the problem is that, although not unachivable,these are really just goals that I yet haven't started working on.They seem to be just a little kids dream that is not backed up by me putting in actual work.Other than me working hard for high grades,it seems like I have no actual concrete plan for the future,just the aspirations.My lack of determination to completly dedicate myself from now infuriates me.Still I guess I have a more well put toghether life than others..Idk I just have really high standards for myself and get upset whenever I let myself get distracted by usslless stuff when I could be doing something better.
• How do you act when others request your help to do something (anything)? If you would decide to help them, why would you do so?
-I would help them because I see no reason not to.Only if it's something that doesn't take much effort tho. Also,it would be good because that person might help you in the future if you help them now.If they ask for my help often and they don't help me back I would kinda just start making half assed excuses with a judgemental expression on my face ,clear enough to make them realise the fact that I no longer care.
• Do you need logical consistency in your life?
-If I understand the meaning of this term corectly then yes.I mean,right now I am confused about my personality type and feel like I no longer understand myself so my brain has been pretty foggy lately.
• How important is efficiency and productivity to you?
-I think I already explained it earlier 💀
• Do you control others, even if indirectly? How and why do you do that?
-I don't think of myself as controling.Maybe sometimes around a select group of people???Like my friends/familly...I can be really layed back but I become really demanding and agressive with them when I'm under stress
• What is your learning style? What kind of learning environments do you struggle with most? Why do you like/struggle with these learning styles? Do you prefer classes involving memorization, logic, creativity, or your physical senses?
-I learn by robotically reapeating the info until I memorize it.If it's a subject that I care about,I will try to actually understand the information and dissect it to make it easier to understand.I learn best in an enviroment that is not too overly stimulating.I found that I get really stressed when it comes to having an untidy room and a mind that is overclouded with thought.I prefer classes that require memorization and creativity.I also have a really short attention span and often procrastinate..
• How good are you at strategizing? Do you easily break up projects into manageable tasks? Or do you have a tendency to wing projects and improvise as you go?
I like preparing in advance but I do have to say that a lot of the time I also kinda wing it
• What are your aspirations in life, professionally and personally?
-i want to become a prosecutor,not necesarilly for the money but for the high status and oportunities this job can give in getting a better understanding of how my country runs -i want to help people by donating to charity and stuff -i want to focus on maintaining a healthy strong body -i want to focus on my art -I want to become a strong woman and prove that I can live a fulfilling life by myself (I don't want to get married or have children and this is something that is often ridiculed by the people around me.Do I care?Nope!)
• What are your fears? What makes you uncomfortable? What do you hate? Why?
-I am afraid of faillure and living an unremarkable life. -I hate the fact that, although I try to look composed,I am so sensitive and quick to cry whenever somone insults me (cough coughI'm talking about my amazing father that never hesitates on pinpointing my weakpoints and throwing really personal attacks at me -I also hate the fact that I don't always stand up for myself,or atleast not in a effective way.Whenever my dad insults me,I could respond to him the same way with a comment that would hurt him deeply because,just like he knows me,I also know him and his insecurities really well...but yet I don't..because I am aware of what the consecquences will be,I am aware that this won't make him try to better himself and would just make him become more deffensive..and also I really don't want to lower myself to his level.
• What do the "highs" and “lows” in your life look like?
-highs: when I am at peace with myself and feel confident,I become a bit more social and I respect the routines I make and I become more open to new experiences
-lows: when I feel like my self asteem gets really bad I do the exact opposite of the things I just stated.
• How attached are you to reality? Do you daydream often, or do you pay attention to what's around you? If you do daydream, are you aware of your surroundings while you do so?
-I am often daydreaming to escape reality but that doesn't mean I'm completly disconected from it.I rely heavily on my hearing to be aware of what's going on. A lot of people like to say that I have my head in the clouds because I am always zoning out but really most of the time I do that to make it look like I'm not paying attention and have an excuse to be left alone.
• Imagine you are alone in a blank, empty room. There is nothing for you to do and no one to talk to. What do you think about?
I would probably talk out loud and go on a rant about how this situation is going to affect my perception of reality.I would also make up scenarios in my mind that I'm in a different place along with my friends or favorite fictional characters. (Why am I in that room tho??? That's concerning...)
• How long do you take to make an important decision? And do you change your mind once you've made it?
-I am not a big fan of making decisions and I would deffinetly not do it spontaneously. (for example,my class and I were going on a trip to another country.Because I currently don't really have any friends(womp womp) to go with,I didn't know if I should go or not.At first I decided that I shouldn't because I knew damn well that I wouldn't manage to fit in and I also knew that it wouldn't be that intresting of a trip that it would be worth spending so much money on.I was also really anxious about the thought that something would go wrong and the bus will crash or that I would forget my ID home etc.On the other hand,I really wanted to try this new experience.So I put the decision off for some time until I finnaly texted the teacher that I wanted to come (spoiler alert:I was right!I didn't enjoy it!heheh)
• How long do you take to process your emotions? How important are emotions in your life?
I care a lot about how I feel about stuff and being in touch with my own feelings.My emotions don't seem very strong on the outside most of the time tho.I rarely express them in front of people who I don't know well and I dislike it when people have these emotional outbursts in public.
• Do you ever catch yourself agreeing with others just to appease them and keep the conversation going? How often? Why?
-I would agree with them but give subtle hints that I'm lying(like the tone of my voice) If the conversation is about a subject that I'm really passionate about I'm deffending my point of view till the end!
• Do you break rules often? Do you think authority should be challenged, or that they know better? If you do break rules, why?
-I see no point in breaking the rules as I belive they exist for a reason and that they keep a certain social order.I am very critical of those who break the rules just because but I deeply admire the people who question authority and demand change for the better.
This is my first Reddit post by the way Thank you for sticking till the end and please leave your thoughts about what my mbti/cognitive functions could be!

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VEHICLE VOLTRON I: THE MIGHTIEST OF SAVIORS RISE
written by Robert D.C. Barnes III (PeachLover94)
Inspired by "Voltron: Defender of the Universe" created for World Events Productions
by Peter Keefe, John Teichmann and Toei Animation
Based on "Armored Fleet Dairugger XV" created for Toei Animation
by Saburo Yatsude (Kozo Morishita, Masahisa Saeki, Keisuke Fujikawa,
and Shigemitsu Taguchi)
TREATMENT: 07-21-2017 2006.cosmo@gmail.com
NOTE: This proposal is the property of New Frontier Cinema (PeachLover94's production company) produced in partnership with World Events Productions (WEP LLC) and Toei Company, Ltd. Any unlicensed exhibition, copying or redistribution without written consent of the mentioned parties is strictly prohibited. All rights reserved.
Vehicle Voltron I: The Mightiest of Saviors Rise Story Treatment
The Logline
In the Near Universe, an experimental carrier-battleship hybrid starship under the command of fifteen crack space explorers from the Galaxy Alliance of Earth comes under assault by the evil Drule Empire. On a faraway planet, they find fifteen vehicles which combine into the evil-fighting giant humanoid robot - Vehicle Voltron.
Main Characters
1) JEFF ♂ - Pilot of the Command Jet Explorer #1 which forms the head of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Jeff Aki Manabu. Being the leader of the entire Vehicle Voltron Force and commander of the Air Team, Jeff is head-strong, occasionally quick-tempered, yet still a great fighter and a very capable leader, even if he does not always follow the rules. During his time at Galaxy Alliance Academy, Jeff was one of the first to ever beat the no-win scenario test entitled the G.A.S. Zodiac simulation - by reprogramming the simulation to make it possible to rescue the ship and its people. A major source of contention with his peers in the Sea Team's Krik and Land Team's Cliff is Jeff's continuous scoffs at no-win scenarios trying to one-up his older sister Janet.
2) KRIK ♂ - Pilot of the Communications Module #6 which forms the torso midriff section of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Krik Miranda Keats. Hailing from the water planet of Dulcinea (Mu Arae c) with a light blue skin tone and pointed ears, Krik is appropriately the leader of the Sea Team. Speaking with an alien dialect (which can be approximated to possibly being played by an Indian), he has clairvoyant powers that tells him when something bad happens or will happen. Of the five members of the Sea Team, it is Krik who keeps a cool head and is quick-thinking when situations call for it – particularly when he is at the receiving end of a gun or when the security of Voltron Force is compromised. He will often share drinks with the others in victory times.
3) CLIFF ♂ - Pilot of the Jet Radar Station #11 which forms the lower torso and hips of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Walter Clifford Jack. An accomplished sportsman and former racing driver who won many circuits in Australian touring car championships before joining the Galaxy Alliance, he can at times be bad-tempered and reckless. Cliff studied at Sydney University before transferring to Galaxy Alliance Academy, where his own nigh impetuousness led to a clash with authorities over the launching (and subsequent crash) of an unsanctioned rocket he built. Hawkins took charge of the situation, steering the interest toward constructive ends, with Cliff now serving with the Vehicle Voltron Force's Land Team. But sometimes he misses the old days of his racing.
4) ZANDEE ♂ - Pilot of the Multi-Wheeled Explorer #10 forming the left lower leg of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Zandee Barros Carateja. Born to a Boston astronomer father and Brazilian mother, Zandee is boyishly handsome, still long in the process of maturing. An unusual combination, he has inherited from his father the mathematical ability and navigation sense from his mother. He is a phenomenally brilliant mathematician and space theorist. But he has also inherited his mother's Latin temperament, fighting what is his perpetual and highly personalized battle with his technology, suspecting that space is engaging in a gargantuan conspiracy to make his professional and personal life as difficult and uncomfortable as possible in both life and love.
5) CHIP ♂ - Pilot of the blue Advanced Recon Helicopter #4 forming the left upper arm of the Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Chipley Yasuo Mutsu Stoker, and the twin brother of Darrell Hiroshi Suzuishi "Pidge" Stoker or "Pidge I", the first Paladin of Lion Voltron's Green Lion of Forest. Chip is very much the youngest member at 13 of the Vehicle Voltron Force. He can best be described as the brains of the Vehicle Voltron Force, much like his brother Pidge I is or will be to the Lion Voltron Force in the Denubian Galaxy (Far Universe). When he is not tinkering with inventions or fawning over technology and displays of data, Chip spends most of his time with Rocky in trying to find suitable soul mates for Jeff, Cliff and Krik so that they can keep all their stress down.
6) MARVIN ♂ - Pilot of the yellow All-Terrain Space Vehicle #14 which forms the right foot of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Marvin Tasuku Izu. A good friend of Hutch's since childhood and both being members of the Land Team, the two can often be seen together, either playing cards or brawling with each other. Marvin is usually comedic, with his sense of humor being on par with that of Shannon and Cliff's in riling up Jeff and Krik. During most of the operations the Vehicle Voltron Force takes part in, Marvin's specialist expertise is in Demolition, Heavy Lifting and Logistics which he sometimes cracks jokes that are sometimes inappropriate only because he is able to do it so well for such a long time. But his jokes have even started to bug Lance.
7) GINGER ♀ - Pilot of the Falcon Jet Fighter #5 which forms the chest plate of Vehicle Voltron. Her full name is Patricia Ginger Ellington. She is a strong and brave pilot, who has always tried to fight the good fight and to this day maintains a distrust of the arrogance of science ever since seeing her family destroyed in an starship crash when she was young. She is smitten towards her Air Team commander Jeff, and the two still maintain a close professional relationship. With that said, she certainly doesn't hide her jealousy when another woman shows any affection towards him, married or otherwise. When not in the heat of battle, Ginger likes to spend her downtime shopping, hanging out with friends, or helping Cinda and Lisa with science and cartography.
8) LISA ♀ - Pilot of the red Space Prober #7 which forms the left thigh of Vehicle Voltron. Her full name is Lisa Haruka Kaga. She is very knowledgeable in ancient cultures, and always seems to know the right thing to say to others. Born on the colony world of New San Diego, Lisa was enamored with the ocean and all its native forms of life at a young age. This led to her entering the 2976 Olympic Games, and at 16 years old, became the youngest human of the Galaxy Alliance era not from Earth to win the Gold medal in the 400 meter backstroke event. Possessing an unyielding affinity for the undersea animals and environment, this makes Lisa a perfect choice for the Vehicle Voltron Force's Sea Team, as she is able to urgently take command if Krik is unable to.
9) CINDA ♀ - Pilot of the Rotating Personnel Carrier #12 which forms the right forearm of Vehicle Voltron. Her full name is Cinda Moya Qiligasz. Like Lisa, she too is kind and emotional, especially when it comes to nature. She is a Dulcinean like Krik, and the two are the main psychics and mystics of the entire Vehicle Voltron Force. It would not show up on Krik's file, but Cinda was often the only friend he had growing up back on Dulcinea, as young Dulcineans have their fears like human children have of monsters under the bed. Krik often had to have his fears reined in by Cinda, who vowed to banish all the monsters from peoples' lives so that they would not have to suffer like both she and Krik had to suffer. Even as an Alliance world, Dulcinea has hard times for Cinda.
10) WOLO ♂ - Pilot of the red Advanced Recon Helicopter #3 forming the right upper arm of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Shota Wolo Kreutz. He is a blue-skinned Galilean of the Galileo (Kepler-451b) system who is a noted scholar of astronomy and has authored several of the most popular accredited astronomy textbooks in use by the Galaxy Alliance. He is a graduate of the Galileo Polytechnic University with an esteemed Doctorate degree in Advanced Telecommunications. Among his friends, Wolo is known to be exceedingly patient, kindly and gracious and possessive of both great intelligence and poise as the gifts he has inherited from his talented mother through which he is able to take charge at times. The kindness comes from helping raise seven sisters.
11) SHANNON ♂ - Pilot of the Multi-Wheeled Explorer #9 which forms the right lower leg of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Shannon Tatsuo Izumo Cochrane. During his childhood, he piloted a deep-sea bathyscaphe to investigate marine farming methods in making food production on various worlds possible. Of all the Vehicle Voltron Force, Shannon tries to keep things from getting too serious by becoming the funny one, which gives him a tendency to get into trouble with Jeff and Krik over his flippant sense of humor. Even so, he chooses to fight for nobler causes than himself, as his brother was just taken to be a prisoner of what will be known as the Drule Empire on its tribute vassal world of Galra (Planet Doom) in the Denubian Galaxy (Far Universe).
12) HUTCH ♂ - Pilot of the black All-Terrain Space Vehicle #15 forming the left foot of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Kazuto Hutch Nagato. A good friend of Marvin's since childhood and both being members of the Land Team, the two can often be seen together, either playing cards or brawling with each other. In contrast to the comedic Marvin, Hutch is a regular tough guy, always looking for a good fight with any Drule that has the guts to challenge him mano e mano. Outside of space missions, Hutch loves to dance, listen to music, and wear the most extravagant clothes around. His strong, muscular build was put to the test during the 2976 Olympic Games, where he won the Gold medal in the weightlifting event to the congratulations of future comrade Lisa.
13) ROCKY ♂ - Pilot of the Strato Weapons Module #2 which forms the upper torso of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Rockford Kai Shinobu. He is the Brooklyn-accented member of the Air Team, usually described by the Galaxy Alliance and by the Drule Empire as the "Hunk" of the Vehicle Voltron Force, which paints a big target on his back for many of the Drule commanders like the Galvestonian Throk in the Milky Way (Near Universe), the Derinja Bi'Os in the Hyperion Galaxy (Middle Universe) and the Galran Prince Lotor in the Denubian Galaxy (Far Universe). He did not have much family growing up, so the chance to have a spiritual little brother in Chip gives him something missing from his life. He joined the Alliance to be able to make a chart of all the stars.
14) TANGOR ♂ - Pilot of the blue Space Prober #8 which forms the right thigh of Vehicle Voltron. His full name is Saluta Tangor Katz. He is as dedicated to his calling of serving the Galaxy Alliance on Vehicle Voltron Force as any of his shipmates. His off-duty demeanor is at times much less boisterous than most of his male colleagues, indulging in painting and playing the piano. Tangor has, in fact, composed a great deal of lounge tunes on the piano to play so to keep his shipmates relaxed and escape boredom. Some of his tunes he is compiling to be sold as an easy listening album. His and Wolo's species is the blue-skinned Galileans from their planet Galileo (Kepler-451b), who are very noted for their appreciation of the finer arts that speak to the soul about existence.
15) MODOK ♂ - Pilot of the Armored Equipment Carrier #13 which forms the left forearm of Vehicle Voltron. His full given name is Modok MacKenzie "Mack" Chucker. He is one of the few eldest active members of the Vehicle Voltron Force. Stern and serious, Modok focuses on the task at hand above all else. He acknowledges that his gruff approach can lead to conflict with the younger crew, though he always means well, and just is out to ensure their mission is accomplished successfully, safely, and professionally. When not on assignment, Modok is a self-described gentle giant like Rocky from the Air Team who likes to find a secluded spot outside the G.A.S. Explorer/Rugger Guard on planets and spend a day fishing and cooking whatever fish are caught.
16) HAWKINS ♂ - Age: 54. Acting Commander of the Vehicle Voltron Force stationed aboard the new Galaxy Alliance Starship Explorer (the pride of the Galaxy Alliance's project code-named Rugger Guard). His full title is Commander James Shinji Ise Hawkins of the Galaxy Alliance. While it is Commander Hawkins who gives all the orders to the Vehicle Voltron Force, he is Executive Officer who answers to Captain Newley on the mission of the Explorer. When it comes to saving lives, Hawkins is always deadly serious - but subtly cracks a joke every now and then. He's so dedicated to the mission that he constantly remains on assignment, and has very little time for recreation, much to the disappointment of his gentler and relaxed commanding officer Newley.
17) NEWLEY ♂ - Age: 58. Captain of the Galaxy Alliance Starship Explorer who is the Commanding Officer of and a good friend to the Vehicle Voltron Force's Commander Hawkins. His full title is Captain Richard "Dick" Asimov Newley. He regards all the members of the Vehicle Voltron Force as replacements for the son he had lost in battle, and sorely regrets his son's death in battle near planet Likon, along with the apparent death of Jeff's older sister Janet who represented him in court martial over cheating to win the G.A.S. Zodiac scenario, but was lost in a training accident. As a child, he was told of the story of Voltron and became intrigued with the prospect of finding it and bringing it back. Now it seems like that dream shall come true at last down on Likon.
18) PAGE ♂ - Age: 56. Science Officer of the Galaxy Alliance Starship Explorer. Though originally an aerospace engineer (albeit an unsuccessful one), he becomes the ship's primary medical officer. He is good humored and always willing to give advice, but he can become deadly earnest when chiding others' behavior. His full title is Professor Michael Search Page. He frequently sips up coffee whilst moving around speaking at an extremely accelerated rate. Despite his bumbling nature, he is actually very wise and knowledgeable, choosing to learn from mankind's past mistakes so that they won't happen again in the future. Page believes that knowledge is the most powerful weapon from any species' history and seeks the knowledge of the universe for this goal.
The Background
Long in the past of the Milky Way Galaxy, the fifteen-piece fighting humanoid robot known as the Vehicle Voltron was known as Dairugger XV by the peoples of the planets the robot visited. Dairugger XV or Vehicle Voltron was a sentient being, renown across the galaxy for its feats of heroism and bravery. Ultimately, this led to Voltron developing something of an ego, as it challenged both a reincarnated wicked Zaar King Drolmacht Dolmen and the goddess Arcadia to battle it for supremacy. Arcadia, having sensed the egotism brewing in Vehicle Voltron/Dairugger XV out of simple ignorance of its own power and not out of sinister malice, defeated but spared the robot as she pondered what punishment would do it best to teach humility/sportsmanship.
In a rage, the dying King Drolmacht disguised himself as Arcadia and tried to destroy Voltron while succeeding at slaying Arcadia. With her last acts, a mortally injured Arcadia managed to save Vehicle Voltron/Dairugger XV by splitting it back up into its fifteen component space vehicles - five joining into the airborne Strato Fighter the Kurugger, another five forming the submersible Aqua Fighter the Kairugger, and another five forming the ground-hugging Turbo Terrain Fighter or Rikurugger - that when all are combined together form Voltron. They were flung through space until they crash-landed on the uncharted planet known as Likon. It is here that the fifteen vehicles will rest until the arrival of the Zaars' posterity in the form of the Drule Empire of Galveston.
The Premise
Historically, the Vehicle Voltron Force story arc of Voltron: Defender of the Universe was adapted from the 1982 anime series Armored Fleet Dairugger XV - but was adapted to be part of a much bigger storyline. We start the Voltron story as a Asimovian science fiction story that is about how the titular machines came to be, used to solve problems, and how their presence affects people for good or ill. Taking the team of heroes premises of the Japanese Super Sentai/Power Rangers series, the galactic journey of Star Trek, the swashbuckling adventure and journeys of Horatio Hornblower, and the appeal of robots found in both the Gundam and Transformers franchises, Voltron is ready to launch with the debut film of a potential cinematic universe of science fiction.
In this four-quadrant five-act mecha science fiction epic, the Galaxy Alliance Starship Explorer launches from Earth in the year 2981 on its mission to chart the Milky Way Galaxy and to find new planets for the Alliance to colonize or terraform to solve problems of scarce food and water supplies as well as both overpopulation and resource depletion. They are forced to land and make repairs on the planet Likon by the forces of the Drule Empire of Planet Galveston, when fifteen of its primary space explorers find fifteen space-worthy ships able to join together to form the mythical Vehicle Voltron - Defender of the Near Universe. Can they join together to stop a Drule attack that threatens a peaceful planet? It may lead to war, but also a step towards evolution.
The Nemeses (The Galvestonian Drule Empire of Planet Galveston)
Aside from normal human squabbles and quandaries that face teams of people trying to survive in the hostile universe, Vehicle Voltron and its team of pilots have to contend with the new horrible menace threatening the Milky Way Galaxy. Many of the Galvestonian Drules of Planet Galveston (also called the Drule Homeworld) fit the tradition of the classic "empire of evil". Most of the Drules are humanoids with light purple skin and red eyes. With fleets of starfighters and space battleships; as well as armies of tanks, super soldiers and Robeast mecha monsters, Galvestonian Drules are aimed at making the Drule Empire a major if not the superpower in the Milky Way Galaxy controlling hapless innocents, with only the Voltron Forces daring to stand in their way.
1) ZEPPO ♂ - Age: Late 40s/Early 50s. Species: Galvestonian Drule. Homeworld: Galveston (Drule Homeworld). Eye Color: Red. His full title is Emperor Zeppo Corsair of Planet Galveston. Like many a major and admittedly rather incompetent dictator, Zeppo rules the Empire with the fists of iron fury, sending others to do his dirty work and harshly punishing those who fail him. With how abusive and destructive he can be towards his many subordinates on a bad day, it is practically insane that there have not been attempts to overthrow him as of yet. A complete and utter sadist by inclination, Zeppo is willing to send his forces to capture slaves from other worlds and force slaves of his own people to fight to the death. His tyranny is only egged on by his followers.
2) ROBEASTS - Wherever one goes in the Empires of the Drules, there will always be such things as Robeasts to challenge the Voltrons and threaten the peace of the Near, Middle and Far Universes. Robeasts from Galveston (Drule Homeworld) sent to battle the Vehicle Voltron are humanoid monsters created through more advanced science and technology, most often from the prisoners of war that are reared in Zeppo's sadistic gladiatorial combat, though some of them are simply giant robots piloted by Centurion troopers. There is often a platoon of fifteen robeasts ready at a moments notice to travel with fighters, tanks, space battleships and or Centurion armies to lay siege to whatever may get in their Empire's way. The Vehicle Voltron Force must take great care.
3) THROK ♂ - Age: Late 60s. Species: Galvestonian Drule. Homeworld: Galveston (Drule Homeworld). Eye Color: Red. Hair Color: White. His full title is Viceroy Throk Al Caponero. Possibly the worst of the worst, Throk is at bitter ends with Hazar, and the loyalest supporter of Emperor Zeppo. It is often rumored that Throk is the one stroking Zeppo's ego to throw him off the scent of Throk's own attempted bids at becoming Emperor of the Drules. A natural-born kiss-up and backstabber, he lives for nothing more than destroying any "invaders" that could make a pass at the Empire and generally making Hazar and his followers out to look like fools, imbeciles and other pejorative words not to be listed. But it is his lust for power that makes Throk underestimate foes.
4) CENTURIONS - Say hello to the mixed organic and cybernetic shock troopers of the Drule Empire. They all serve as the central backbone of the Drule military forces. Their drones have no built in weapons, instead using the same weapons as their mainly organic counterparts. Drones are capable of squad-level infantry tactics and understanding vocal commands. These androids can somewhat resemble fellow Drules, appearing to wear this green-purple armor. In fact, some of the living soldiers appear identical to their own Drones. In addition, Drule Drones can be used for scouting environments full of every kind of hazards, are more durable, and have no fear of utter destruction to claim victory for Zeppo and the Empire. Some are known to pilot their Robeasts.
5) HAZAR ♂ - Age: 40s. Species: Galvestonian Drule. Homeworld: Galveston (Drule Homeworld). Eye Color: Red. Hair Color: White. His full title is Chief Commander Hazar Dorita Teles of the Galvestonian Drules. Hazar is an athletic fellow, able to dodge and move around quickly to evade attacks. This is despite his large size, topping at about six and a half feet. Unlike most other fleet and army commanders in the Empire of the Drules, Hazar is often a composed and rational figure who never has a bad word to say about any of his underlings. He is his own worst critic, as inside, he frequently doubts himself on whether an action he or the Empire takes is right or at least justifiable. Due to this, Robeasts and Centurions alike find him to be more approachable than Throk.
The Heroes and the Twist
Each member of Vehicle Voltron's three teams (Air, Land and Sea) of a super force of space explorers is meant to be reflective of aspects of ourselves that we all have been at some point in our lives - a class clown, a lone wolf, a young genius, a tough guy who is also a mediator, and that young person destined for life greater than their own backyard. At the beginning of the story, the three team leaders Jeff, Cliff and Krik all function as the Id/McCoy (Cliff), Ego/Kirk (Jeff) and Superego/Spock (Krik) found in the Freudian psyche. It is what they learn from each other that they all have to pass down to the other four members of their respective teams in order to effectively come together and operate Vehicle Voltron to save both the Galaxy Alliance and planet Galateia.

THE EMERGENCE OF BIOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY
The vast reservoirs of carbon dioxide, silicon dioxide, oxygen, water, methane, and ammonia
molecules, present on the early Earth, would have been manufactured, sorted, combined and
refined by the planet itself; and would later serve as the raw materials for the planet-wide
production of more complex compounds, such as sugars, amino acids, fatty acids and other complex
carbon-containing compounds. In other words, on the early Earth, many of those inorganic chemical
compounds and the molecular structures they form would serve as the container (or beaker and
petri dish), fuel source (or Bunsen burners), reactant, catalyst and reagents for various complex
reactions (or syphoned-off, closed-off, pressurized and temperature controlled reactions) used for
the production of many basic organic compounds. Essentially, the natural convection and
geochemical mechanisms of the planet would only need to get certain specific light or gaseous
elements confined within certain reaction channels, pockets, or cavities, at or just below the Earth’s
surface, in the presence of certain natural catalysts and reagents, to start to create the very first
chemical permutations for biological life. This is because, spectroscopic analysis of organic
compounds and biological molecules (such as sugars, amino acids, and fatty acids) shows that, in
their most basic forms, all organic molecules comprise of some combination of just 11 specific light
elements, all of which would have been abundant within the lower atmosphere and upper crust of
the newly formed Earth.
Essentially, because of the specific chemical composition and energy orientation of the early Earth,
all variations of carbon-based life, at the molecular level, mainly contain six elements: oxygen,
carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus, with trace amounts of another five elements:
potassium, sulphur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium. Which is why, the experiment conducted by
Stanley Miller and Harold Urey, in the 1950's, where they tested if organic molecules readily form
from simple inorganic compounds, used a closed system of gases, thought to be abundant in the
atmosphere of the early earth (namely, H2O, N2, NH3, and CH4). Importantly, for the main energy
resource, to aid or ignite the chemical reactions, they chose to simulate lightning by sending sparks
of electricity through the mixture. Then, after letting the experiment run for a week, Miller and Urey
found that various types of amino acids, sugars, fatty acids and other organic molecules emerged
within the mixture. However, no natural catalysts (such as clays minerals, metallic substances, or
phosphates) were used and as a result, no large complex polymer chains, such as proteins or RNA,
were formed within this mixture, but the experiment demonstrated that, at least, some of the
building blocks for life could form spontaneously from simple inorganic compounds, using
reasonable quantities of energy.
Therefore, in nature, the sequences of compounds, made from those 11 elements, that did not
immediately overheat and decompose back to their individual inorganic or elemental components,
and were able to remain stable, long enough, to merge into complex polymer chains, to become
proteins and lipids, would mark the start of bio-coherency on the planet. Where, under this notion
of bio-coherency the reactant for the newer reaction would mainly be comprised of the organic
compounds or strings of organic chemical information that were manufacture in the previous
reactions, microseconds earlier. This is because, the emergence of the first set of protein molecules,
would also make the arrival of enzymes, as well; as most enzyme are proteins that would allow ever
more complex polymer chains to be engineered or manufactured, and would allow more chemical
information and chemical energy to be stored within increasingly more complex chemical mixtures
and chemical systems. Additionally, these newly formed enzymes would be able to act as natural
catalysts (or Extremozyme), and thus would help many complex reactions to occur at much lower
activation energy levels, than they otherwise would in nature (as, enzymes are known to be able to
catalyse more than 5,000 biochemical reaction types), even at extreme temperatures. As such, the
emergence of life and biological complexity would about not only the quality and quantity of
chemical ingredients, but it would also be about energy availability, reaction activation levels,
chemical durability, and catalytic integrity, as well.
Furthermore, introducing a catalytic component to these mixtures would allow for faster and more
efficient reaction, and would allow for a more streamline ordination of the reactions that need to
occur in sequential order (or even concurrently). Essentially, the organic molecules or polymers that
emerged to take the place of inorganic mineral catalyst would quickly elevate the complexity and
efficiency of those enclosed mixtures, as they would not have to rely on constant outside refuelling
of catalytic components, instead they could simply make their own, in the right proportions, as
needed. As such, any protein or other polymer structure that reliable meet, those functionalities
would quickly attain significant dominants within the burgeoning mixtures. Which is why, ribonucleic
acid (or nucleotides) and amino acids (or peptides) became an indomitable part of all functioning
bio-chemical mixtures at the molecular level, as they are the chemical that possess the ability to
preserve both chemical information and catalytic information, within their overall arrangement and
overall molecular structural framework, shape, and orientation. Furthermore, ribonucleic acid, as a
polymer of nucleotides, functionally act as the sequencer that facilitates the polymerization of
amino acids into specific proteins. As such, the set of RNA molecules that possesses catalytic
properties to optimize (or that are able to recall and preserve the exact steps and components need
for) the production of organic compounds such as proteins would serve as the first type of genetic
code (or as a means of storing the chemical and catalytic identity of an enclosed mixture).
Consequently, the emergence of the first set of enzymes, which are the type proteins or other
polymers that can catalyse the creation of protein molecules, would facilitate the emergence of the
very first closed loop autocatalytic chemical mixture, which would represent a mixture containing
reactant and catalysts that were synthesized by and within the mixture itself. Additionally, the
existence of this catalyst-filled mixture running on reaction autopilot would facilitate or allow ever
more complex polymer chains to be engineered, or manufactured, within minutes if not seconds of
each other. Essentially, this would allow vast quantities of chemical information, or chemical energy,
to be stored within these increasingly more complex compounds, or chemical systems. Such that,
these chemical mixtures or chemical systems would conduct organic chain reactions on overdrive, as
the chemicals contained within them would be either the main ingredients and/or the means of
lowing the activation energy for future reactions, which would exponentially increase the likelihood
of specific types of reaction taking place. Therefore, the constituent parts (or catalytic substances
and substrates) within these dynamic mixtures would quickly evolve into more complex and large
polymer structures, which would allow them to acquire more functionalities, as well as more
physical properties, shapes and traits.
Importantly, it should be noted that given that unlike most inorganic catalyst, catalytic enzyme
cannot function in open / unprotected environments; as such, the emergence of lipids (which are
the complex polymer chains, or molecular chains, of fatty acids), would represent the emergence of
the very first partially insoluble molecular shells or membranes, that could enclose or wall-off
mixtures. Thus, the many little spherical pockets or oily bubbles create by lipid molecular shells
would serve as the very first maze-like multi-chambered multi-layered structures that could fully
enclose and insulate various chemical systems, or mixtures, of ongoing molecular reactions that
contain both catalytic enzymes and proteins. So, many of the reactions that were being catalysed by
proteins and enzymes would readily be protected from being directly exposed to the harshness of
the outside environment, like they would be if those reaction were solely occurring in underground
vents, rock channels and closed rock cavities (or in lakes or stagnant pools of water). As such, the
concurrent emergence of the carbon- containing compounds, or chemicals, known as proteins,
enzymes, and lipids would mark the point where new portable diffusion gradients, reaction
pathways, along with new pressure and temperature gradients could form on the early Earth.
Therefore, within those moments, thousands of new reaction types, or chemical combinations,
would start create fully functional Molecular Machines, designed to complete specific chemical and
physical tasks, while others would become Discrete Data storage units, designed to store specific
kinds of chemical information, within the 3-dimensional structure of their physical molecular chain.
Thus, some of these organic molecular machines and molecular structures would represent fully
functional sequences, or pockets of chemical information and they would preserve the accumulated
lineage of the chemical information once only held within the system that created them, while
others would preserve the properties, functionalities, chemical pathways, rules, protocols, and
syntax unique to those systems. As such, these units or pocket biological coherency, could be
defined ostensibly as an enclosed set of localized mixtures (or as a mesh of compounds) that exist
collectively to follow an existential set of algorithmic permutations (or axiomatic source codes),
written in, written on, or stored within carbon-based molecular compounds, or chemical molecules.
Where, those compounds would not only possess the ability to store information by virtue of their
arrangements, configurations, reactions, and interactions, but they would also possess the ability to
functionally read, compile, execute, and utilize, the multiplicity of chemical information, or chemical
energy, stored within the other molecules they come in contact with (or interact with). Therefore,
the life-like structures would represent bounded units of stored chemical information working
together in unison with or within various mechanical and chemical microsystems; where, catalytic
enzymes and lipids would actively, or continuously, help to reduce the activation energy levels
needed for certain reaction to occur, and to prevent premature halting caused by excess heat or
other external environmental pressures.
As such, with these lipid enclosed chemical pockets, reactions that once took days or even millions
of years to unfold naturally would now reach completion within microseconds; and, this jump in
complexity, and efficiency, would result in the creation more complex chemical entities such as
viruses, which toe (or straddle) the line between the living and non-living world. As, viruses are
portable chemical structures that are simply messenger catalysts / enzymes and proteins (or
chemical information) physically and chemically fused to, or encased within, a lipid shell (and can
simultaneously be view as nest of biological functionalities, or as inert chemical molecules stuck
together). However, unlike the limited chemical information and functionalities or properties stored
within individual lipids, proteins and enzymes, each virus’s amalgamated molecular structure would
possess a lot more functionalities and a lot more stored chemical information, when compare to the
basic polymers or organic compounds, or progenitors, that preceded them. Therefore, viruses would
represent one stratum up in the lineage of chemical structures manufactured by a concurrent
amalgamation of chemical mixtures that actively use energy to sequence and store information, and
that protect and insulate these pockets of chemical information from the inorganic world, or outside
environment.
Additionally, the syntax or sequences of chemical information (proteins, enzymes and catalytic RNA)
held within these viruses, would have the added functionality of being able to hijack the resources,
mechanisms and chemical infrastructures of other chemical systems, to derail, interrupt, or interfere
with many of their natural protocols and tasks. As, viruses would be able to chemically, or
genetically, introduce some of their own chemical information, catalytic instructions, RNA code and
mechanical sequences into other structures and mixtures, specifically through the existing chemical
pathways of the lytic and lysogenic cycle, which is the universal chemical syntax shared by all
biological entities. Which would allow viruses to functionally transport and actively facilitate the
exchanging of genetic material and catalytic tasks among the many lipid bound microsystems that
happen to be in close physical proximity to each other, or that possess very structurally similar lipid
membranes and can attract and attach to each other. Therefore, viruses would be the means
through which some isolated lipid bound chemical mixtures would place, preserve or package
segment of their existing catalytic information or catalytic instructions into portable pockets, for
later use by them or by other larger systems to make newer, more complex, or more elaborate
permutations or arrangements of polymer chains.
Consequently, on the newly formed Earth, before the formation of the first true single cell
organisms, viruses and some loosely held together proto-cells that resemble lipid bound organelles
would be the main stores of biochemical information and catalytic instructions. However, the cross
membrane interactions among these wide array of organelle like structures or viruses (or proteins
stores of chemical information protected by lipid shells) and enzymes (or functional catalytic
proteins), would quickly lead to the creation of the first true single-celled prokaryotic organism.
Which would represent one of the most significant leap in the complexity of shared and stored
chemical information (and would take the form of a concentrated energy enriched mixture of
proteins, enzymes, and various dissolved organic and inorganic substances, protected by or encased
with a semi-permeable lipid mesh). Additionally, even though, at first glance, a prokaryotic organism
would appear to be very similar to a virus, or would appear to be a virus that simply happens to be a
lot more hydrated (or that happens to have retained a lot more water and dissolved chemicals); it
would, actually, represent a gigantic leap in biological complexity. This is because, prokaryotes
would be able to install within themselves organelles or molecular structures such as Ribosomes,
which comprise of many set of catalytic molecular machines, that would serve as the site of
biological protein synthesis; and would represent a set of structures that no virus would be complex
enough to possess. As, these ribosomes would have the ability to link amino acids together, in the
sequential order specified by the instructional templates, or data, stored within the physical
structure of the molecules such as messenger RNA molecules.
However, much like viruses, many prokaryotic entities would possess the ability to either hijack,
and/or have its own internal mechanisms infiltrated by, other prokaryotes due to the similarity
among their internal catalytic structure, proteins and enzymes, or because of the shared
commonalities of syntax used within certain aspects of their membranes and lysogenic chemical
pathways. Subsequently, this process of endosymbiosis would allow two or more prokaryotes, (or
one prokaryotic entity and a multiplicity of viruses), to merged or to coalesce within a share physical
structures. Which would permanently merge the molecular, chemical or catalytic lineage of these
different chemical structures, or sources of chemical information, and would represent a key step in
the evolutionary process of cellular structure; as, it would lead to the creation of the first set of
eukaryotes, which are the entities that are one fractal stratum above prokaryotes in biological
complexity. Which means that, eukaryotes are the results or by-products of a multiplicity of
prokaryotes and viruses hijacking or co-opting each other’s genetics and catalytic chemical pathways
via forceful membrane intrusion and through the lysogenic cycle. Thus, the double-membranebound mitochondria, with its very own strands of circular DNA, found in the complex structures of
most eukaryotic cells, may have originally been a prokaryotic entity that had its own internal
mechanisms hijacked or overwritten by another; where, one entity utilized the lysogenic cycle to
forcibly splice its own chemical instructions, or genetic information, into the other.
CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION
Overtime, depending on the level of exchange, integration or interaction amongst these prokaryotic
entities, there would soon emerge more reliable ways to attain mobility or to acquire energy, more
efficient ways of storing chemical information and catalytic instruction, or more reliable ways for
recording or storing genetic information and instruction, etc. As such, congruent to this exponential
growth in complexity would be the emergence of DNA (which are nested fractal molecular folds of
cumulative codes or polymerized RNA), from which more expansive protein synthesis can be
harness, when pair with extensive clusters of ribosomes, and more proficient ways of storing or
extracting power or energy within the cell. In addition, some microcellular organisms would develop
or acquire new say build, generate or repair their membranes and the specialized membranes would
create separate species that are able to defend against unwanted genetic material or chemical
resources, chemical energy, and chemical information intrusion, or defend against viruses and other
intrusive external pockets of genetic code or catalytic information. Which would ensure that only
specific type of chemical information would be absorbed or incorporated into their existing chemical
system, without causing significant changes to, or disruption within, the system. Therefore, this
would allow for the assimilation, upgrade and installation of entire chemical systems, and this would
mark the first sign of true biological evolution.
Essentially, these prokaryotes would exist as unique individually and not necessarily direct clones or
replicas of each other, but since they would not be able shout to each other nor shine a flashlight to
display the unique qualities, they would only be able to communicate or show their distinct
personalities through means of physical contact or through direct chemical exchanges. Which would
allow them to transfer catalytic enzymes, proteins, or genetic information, within their local
ecosystem. As such, it is through these cross membrane (or intermembrane) means of
communication, regulated by the share syntax of lysogenic cycle, where techniques and chemical
procedures would have occasionally gotten distributed, amongst the population, without invasively
destroying or completely overriding existing information. Which would serve as a new multiplicative
or additive way for organisms to develop or refine their previously individually developed ways of
performing certain tasks, and would allow them to adopt or develop many new traits,
functionalities, or techniques, to add to, or replace, all the ones that they came up with in isolation.
Furthermore, this continued growth in complexity amongst all these populations of biological
entities, where information from external sources could get continually, continuously and seamlessly
added to existing nucleic acid / RNA or DNA, rather than causing the host cell to be destroyed, would
allow for a seamless elevation in overall biological complexity across the entire planet.
In general, this lysogenic exchange or sharing of chemical information and catalytic instructions, via
physical and chemical mechanism, would be a process that predate the development of any multicelled entities, and predate any firm classification of living entities in any known domain, kingdom,
phylum, class, species, or even gender mechanisms. Thus, it would have been the continued
absorption and replication of new or existing genetic information (or physical chains of chemical
information, chemical instructions, chemical instruments, and chemical energy) through those
chemical exchanges that would have led to the emergence of, the stratum of microbial complexity,
known as eukaryotic entities. As such, the distinct organelles or structural features and physical
characteristics present within a eukaryote would have originally been in a separate and distinct living
entity that somehow got absorbed and chemical or genetically fully integrated into this much larger
biochemical composite structure or system. Therefore, in general, eukaryotes are, undoubtedly, the
entities within which many viruses and prokaryotes voluntarily (or forcibly) passed on their catalytic
data, RNA and DNA, during their life cycle, and their combined genetic code or combine catalytic
information, which got preserved by the larger hosts, before being passed on to future generations,
of the new hybridized entities.
As a result of this, the first eukaryotic entity to exist on the planet, ostensibly as an interconnected
net of subjugated prokaryotes, would have emerged with the collective chemical knowledge or traits
of the many strata of entities whose merged genetics and functional chemical codes helped to make
it in into a full functional being. Such that, even the cell nucleus of a eukaryote and the nucleolus of
this nucleus, would been acquired via some version of this absorption or integration process.
Essentially, the precursor to the nucleus may have been an entity that was able to proficiently
control and assemble ribosomes, was able to allocate a vast array of catalytic enzymes to alter
transferred RNA, or was proficiently able to sense intracellular stresses, which allowed it to co-opt
many of the chemical traits of the entities that it encountered. As such, while maintain its own
position of dominance, the nucleolus within this precursory entity was able use its extensive
repository of DNA, RNA and proteins to create a new network of cognition, logic modules, and
chemical data pockets, much like the catalytic data utilized by enzymes to subjugated many other
entities, while ensuring that its own structure remained intact.
Therefore, once the subjugated chemical systems have been fully integrated and is now a part of its
collective, the nucleus and its nucleolus would be able to pass information these organelles (or
subjugated prokaryotes), and the internal infrastructure of these organelles would follow the
catalytic information in the data pockets they received. Where, most of the instructions given for
each subjugated prokaryote would no longer come from chemical sequences recorded on circular
genetic code, or a maze of functional RNA or catalytic enzyme, floating within its structure, instead
most instructions would come from the nucleus and the enzyme and proteins it produce, which
would mimic the syntax of the original prokaryote. Consequently, these structures would only use,
bind, fuse and combine the existing finite number of polymerized molecules whose existence and
functionalities got deemed valuable by the intracellular network, controlled by the nucleus. Thus,
most of the hybridized structures within a eukaryote would not aim to create or catalogue all 10 to
the 21 power peptide bonds (or protein combinations) that are possible, or all possible chains of
billions of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen that can make the most lavish genes, instead they
would simply do the tasks assigned to them. Which is why there is not currently an infinite number
of random permutations, combinations, or arrangements of mismatched proteins, peptides, and
genes, instead only a stable syntax of very consistent and very steady arrangements of proteins,
peptides, and genes now exist, shared across most classification of biological life forms, on the
planet.
Furthermore, in addition to their very stable, organized and well control intracellular system,
eukaryotic entities would have been the first entities to emergence with cognitive functionalities,
such as the ability fully perceive their surroundings, ascertain ideas, understand correlations, and
make logic based decisions about allocating resources, as well as using precedent and prioritization
to make correct choices. Essentially, eukaryotic entities would be able to use computational logic to
interpret any stimuli acquired from the outside environment, related to vibrations,
electromagnetism, temperature levels, PH, hydration levels, etc. This is because the centralized
nucleus or main organelle of the eukaryote would have been an entity that originally specialized in
many of those functions as well as sensing the chemistry of the outside world or ecosystem. Which
allowed it to be the entity that successfully co-opted the catalytic function other entities, to merge
with them catalytically or genetically, and to construction a fully functional ecology made entirely of
subjugated molecular structure and chemical data. Therefore, in general, microscopic life on the
early Earth would have been less like a "pitch patch" mesh of random chemicals stuck together, and
would more be like refined self-contained amalgamation of micro-machines or self-contained microecosystems.
Which is highlighted in the existence of the mitochondria, as it is an organelle that possess its very
own remnant genetic material, its own lipid membrane, is able to divide at its own independent
rate, and is able to take nutrients and breaks them down, to the creates energy rich molecules for
itself and the eukaryote within which it resides. Which means that, the mitochondria too is perhaps
yet another organelle that may have originally been an entirely separate prokaryotic entity, whose
entire structure and genetic information were absorbed, interpreted and incorporated into a much
large system of chemical chains and sequences. So, in general, microscopic symbiotic system built
from an integrated set of recursively synthesized, recycled and replicated structures built made of
sugars, acids, proteins, enzymes, viruses, RNA and DNA all confined with a variety of lipid
membranes are the things that would together create life and pre-life or life-adjacent systems or
chemical mechanisms. Such that, complexity, or higher-level functionalities would emerge in nature
only through those types of symbiotic relationships or genetic mergers amongst catalytic, viral,
prokaryotic and eukaryotic microsystems. Thus, the development of new higher-level traits such as
logic, computation, cognition, consciousness, and self-awareness, would all relate to those types of
mergers and interactions amongst microbial entities, and this would help those systems to attain the
ability to proficiently solve problems and make decisions about themselves, their environment, and
their acquired resources.
However, as the bridge between the living and non-living world, viruses at their core would not be
conscious and would possess no notion of good or bad intent, they simply would exist as pocket of
data or as pockets of catalytic instruments that can relocate from one biological microsystem to the
other. In other words, virus would mainly serve as hardware to upload and install new genetic data
into and existing bio-computers or cells, without necessary overriding all of the existing stored
chemical data that was stored in the form of polymerized molecular strings or sequences.
Consequently, the concurrent emergence or existence of a collection of two or more viruses,
prokaryotic entities, and eukaryotic entities, regardless of their size, regardless of their relationship
to each other, and regardless of their relative physical distance to each other, would constitute the
existence of first true sign of ecological biodiversity, on the planet. However, these entities would
either have the ability continue to exist as separate entities, or to have their genetic information
chemically further co-opted by one or more of the other entities. Where, although the acquisition of
a stable pool of genetic and catalytic information would be important, if this information is unable to
help the organism to acquire raw material, ingredients, and energy (or chemical resources), in the
form of sugars and/or ions, to prevent the its chemical death or thermal decomposition, then the
information acquired would be functionally useless.
Consequently, as these entities continue to interact physically, chemically and genetically, they
would either all maintain the ability to acquire energy directly from physical inorganic resources; or
only some would continue to possess this ability, and the others would become symbiotic or
omnivorous to acquire readymade pockets of chemicals such as sugars, amino acids and fatty acids
from the others. Essentially, one or more of these entities would recognize the other biological
entities as portable pockets of energy or as food and fuel, which would start a food chain mechanism
to convey energy resources to themselves. As such, the food web that would emerge would be an
offshoot of the lysogenic and lytic battle amongst these viruses, prokaryotes, eukaryotes and other
microbes. Where, some cells would consciously choose to reinforce their infrastructure to protect
themselves and to acquire the life sustaining resources from the inorganic world; whereas, another
group of cells would consciously choose rip open other cells to get their resources (and the remnants
of this choice is evident in the distinction between plant cells and animal cells).
Alternatively, one of the entities may have overly selecting for specialization in lysogenic defence by
way of lysogenic offence, such that it would develop the cognitive ability to detect and capture all
lipid bound or protein producing entities within its vicinity. Where, once captured it would break
down their structure to it prevent its own genetic or catalytic control from being corrupted,
changed, overwhelmed, and over time this fight or flight mechanism would turn entity into the a cell
that can envelop, breakdown, consume or digest other cells, and conduct the absorption of their
chemical remains. As such, eukaryotic plant cells possess chloroplasts, which are organelles that
convert light energy into relatively stable chemical energy via the photosynthetic process. By doing
so, they provide diverse metabolic activities for plant cells, including the synthesis of fatty acids,
membrane lipids, starch, and hormones. While, animal do not contain any energy producing
organelles, but they possess lysosome, which is a membrane-bound cell organelle that contains
digestive enzymes; where, lysosomes destroy invading viruses and bacteria and break down excess
or worn-out cell parts, back to their non-living constituent parts. Therefore, the entities at the
bottom of the food chain would be the entities that were able utilize the energy that come directly
from the Earth or directly from the sun (sunlight), and were able to make direct use of the inorganic
and non-living chemical energy resources that came from metallic salt ions, hydrogen ions, carbon
dioxide, sulphur, sulphate, etc.
Beyond this, the unexplained and overwhelming innate drive that most organic entities have to
reproduce and replicate themselves, would also be an offshoot of the lysogenic and lytic battle
amongst viruses, prokaryotes, eukaryotes and other microbes. This is because, the story of life is a
story about captured energy, that happens to be temporarily held or confined within very organized
chemical pockets on the surface of the Earth; and without this captured energy there would be no
organic chemistry, and no organic chemical reactions on the surface of the Earth. Consequently, the
main self-sustaining goal that all living organisms would have is to breathe and feed, or to take in
both simple and complex organic and inorganic compounds, as well as to find ways to use energy to
sustain their internal repository of biochemical resources, or to prevent it from collapsing and
reverting to simplest individual non-living inorganic compounds. Therefore, many of the main
characteristics of living things, at the base level, are functionalities that arise as a lysogenic byproduct of the encounters or interactions amongst microscopic cells or that arise as a means to
cause or prevent natural chemical energy resources from being continually co-opted, transmuted,
transformed, and transferred.
Importantly, the emergence of multi-cellular organisms would be a natural progression in biological
complexity once eukaryotic entities have acquired enough catalytic data (or are unable to readily
merge with new external entities), and cognitively start to recognize or compute that they can
construct towers of themselves to strategically specialize in specific task, in order to benefit their
interconnected unit parts. Essentially, a multi-celled organism would represent a nested set of
Turing machines (or computers) that achieved collective synchronicity across the lysogenic network.
Where, each cell or specific sets of cells would have certain task to carry out based on the specific
instructions held within their internal cellular matrix (or their internal mesh of proteins, enzymes
and translated genes). Furthermore, the cross-membrane communication amongst the different
cells within the network would allow certain catalytic functionalities to be on or off (or specific
protein synthesis or polymerization processes to be active or inactive), where this selective cell
specialization would improve the efficiency and sustainability of the collective. Therefore, the
lysogenetic transfer or cross-membrane transmission of protein, enzyme and other forms of
chemical information, amongst these physically conjoin collection of cells, would allow certain cells,
from very early on in their lifespan, to possess certain specific traits, perform certain specific tasks,
or to conduct certain specific functions.
Essentially, these towers or columns of cells from the same eukaryotic entity, would communicate
via the lysogenic network (where, chemicals molecules would be the data and enzymes or the signal
receivers and transmitters in the inter-cell and intra-cell network); and this would mark the arrival of
the first set of multi-cellular biological stratum on the planet. Furthermore, as the level of
instructional data held within these collection of cells continue to grow, and each group of cells
become substantially better at the specific specialized task, then this would eventual cause the
emerge of stem cell, organs and systems. Where, these organs and systems would be stacks,
columns or rows of cells or groups of cells assigned to certain tasks or specialized functions (or
cluster of specialized cells operating within an inter-group co-operative that share data or
information and instructions across the lysogenic network). As such, the specifications of the
specialization would come from the instructions held within genes, but could also come through the
action of protein, enzymes or other chemical units.
Nevertheless, if the different traits, tasks and functions assigned are good to the organisms overall
wellbeing, and are passed on, then the generational longevity of these traits would be noticeable
genetics of future generations. However, if the organism’s death was due to the lock of functionality
brought about by these traits then they would not attain any genetic longevity, as most biological
units with the population with those traits would eventually die off. Unfortunately, another byproduct of any malfunction within this specialization process would be mutations within individual
cells, and any sustained collective breakdown process could cause the entire lysogenic or catalytic
cycle across an entire collection of cells to start to perform incorrect task, which would be cancerous
or carcinogenic, and could cause the biochemical death of the organism, as well. Essentially, cancer
cells are the cells that have some level of chemical amnesia and have had their catalytic processes
(or the controls and parameters of their operating system) changed to the wrong settings (or
corrupted), relative to the collective that they are a part of. As such, these cells would continuously
synthesize the wrong set of protein, enzymes, or lipids, because they continuously receive the wrong
instruction, or started to interpret the syntax of the instructions they receive incorrectly.
Additionally, this would have the additive effect of preventing new instructions from getting into the
cell, due to the infrastructure and catalytic machines (or proteins and enzyme) being preoccupied
with the wrong tasks, which would reduce the overall functionality of the cell in service to the
overall goals of the other cells in the collective. Therefore, cancer cells are simply cells that have
corrupted operating systems or cells that can no longer read, compile or decipher the syntax of the
existing chemical codes from its own genes, or its own intercellular polymer, catalytic enzymes or
protein chains (and thus, fail to maintain the specific traits, task and functionalities they were
selected to specialise in).

Experience the best of New York City with a personalized and immersive Private NYC Area Bike Tour, offering exclusive access to off-the-beaten-path locations, insider tips from knowledgeable guides, and the flexibility to tailor your experience to specific interests
Introduction to Private NYC Area Bike Tours
Private bike tours in the NYC area offer a unique and personalized way to explore the bustling city that never sleeps. These tours provide visitors with an immersive experience, allowing them to delve into the heart of New York City while enjoying the flexibility to tailor the adventure to their specific interests. Whether individuals, couples, families, or small groups, private bike tours cater to those seeking a one-of-a-kind adventure in the Big Apple.
Exploring the diverse neighborhoods of New York City, private bike tours highlight iconic landmarks such as Central Park, the Brooklyn Bridge, and the Hudson River, providing a closer look at these famous attractions. For instance, visitors can enjoy a leisurely ride through Central Park, stopping to learn about the park's history and design, or opt for a thrilling ride across the Brooklyn Bridge with panoramic views of the city skyline, immersing themselves in the rich tapestry of New York's history and culture. Additionally, private tours can be customized to include hidden gems off the beaten path, offering a unique perspective of the city beyond its well-known landmarks.
Private bike tours offer an exclusive and intimate experience, allowing participants to connect with the city on a deeper level. By choosing a private tour, visitors can avoid the crowds often associated with group tours and enjoy a more personalized journey through the vibrant streets of New York City. For example, imagine cycling along the scenic Hudson River Greenway with your own private guide, who not only shares historical insights but also tailors the experience to your preferences, creating a memorable and customized adventure. This individualized approach sets private bike tours apart, making them ideal for special occasions, solo travelers, or anyone looking to explore the city in a more personal and engaging way.

Why Opt for a Private NYC Area Bike Tour

Choosing a private NYC area bike tour offers a multitude of benefits that make it a compelling option for exploring the city. Unlike standard group tours, private tours provide exclusive access to hidden gems and off-the-beaten-path locations that showcase the authentic essence of New York City. For instance, a private bike tour might include a visit to the vibrant street art of Bushwick in Brooklyn, offering a unique perspective on the city's artistic landscape.
Moreover, the personalized attention provided by experienced guides during private tours goes beyond just showing the sights. Guides often share insider tips , historical facts, and local knowledge that bring the landmarks to life, creating a more immersive and enriching experience for participants. This tailored approach allows visitors to delve deeper into the culture, history, and stories that make each location significant, fostering a deeper connection with the city. The intimate nature of private tours also fosters meaningful interactions between participants and guides, making them ideal for travelers seeking a more personalized and engaging adventure in the Big Apple.
Private bike tours offer the flexibility to customize the experience according to individual preferences, ensuring that each tour is unique and tailored to the interests of the participants. For example, visitors can choose to focus on specific themes such as architecture, history, or even cuisine, allowing for a more specialized and in-depth exploration of New York City. By opting for a private tour, participants have the freedom to design an itinerary that aligns with their passions and curiosity, creating a truly unforgettable and personalized adventure in the vibrant streets of the city.

Key Highlights of Private Bike Tours in the NYC Area

Private bike tours in the NYC area provide a unique and immersive way to explore the city's iconic landmarks up close, offering a perspective that walking or bus tours cannot match. For instance, cyclists can pedal along the Hudson River Greenway, enjoying stunning views of the skyline and passing by popular attractions like Chelsea Piers and Battery Park. This personalized approach allows visitors to engage with the surroundings at their own pace, capturing memorable moments that are often missed in larger group settings.
In addition to famous landmarks, private bike tours offer the flexibility to discover hidden treasures scattered throughout the city. One such gem is the vibrant street art scene in Brooklyn's Bushwick neighborhood, where colorful murals and graffiti masterpieces adorn the walls, providing a unique backdrop for an unconventional tour experience. By tailoring routes to incorporate these lesser-known spots, private bike tours offer an enriching journey that goes beyond the typical tourist trail, catering to individuals seeking a deeper connection with the cultural fabric of New York City.
Private bike tours strike a balance between structured sightseeing and leisurely exploration, allowing participants to immerse themselves in the city's vibrant energy while also taking time to relax and enjoy the surroundings. For example, a private tour might include stops at scenic overlooks where riders can pause to soak in breathtaking views of the city skyline, capturing memorable photos and creating lasting memories. This blend of adventure and relaxation makes private bike tours a versatile and engaging way to experience the diverse attractions and neighborhoods of New York City.

Customization Options for Private NYC Bike Tours

When opting for a private NYC bike tour, visitors have the opportunity to personalize their experience according to their preferences and interests. Apart from the standard routes that cover iconic landmarks, participants can delve into specialized themes that offer a unique perspective of the city. For instance, food enthusiasts can embark on a culinary adventure through NYC's diverse neighborhoods, sampling local delicacies and exploring hidden gems known only to locals. This immersive experience allows travelers to not only see the city but to taste and smell its vibrant culinary scene firsthand, making for a memorable and sensory-rich journey.
Photography enthusiasts can tailor their private bike tour to focus on capturing the best angles and views of the city. Guides can lead them to lesser-known spots with breathtaking vistas or unique architectural details, providing insider tips on composition and lighting to enhance their photography skills. By customizing the tour to cater to specific interests such as food, photography, or even history, visitors can enjoy a more engaging and enriching exploration of New York City, creating lasting memories that align with their passions and preferences.
In addition to thematic customization, private bike tours can also be adjusted to accommodate specific needs and preferences of participants. For example, individuals with dietary restrictions can request specialized food options during the tour, ensuring a comfortable and enjoyable experience for all. Accessibility needs, such as mobility assistance or language support, can also be addressed through tailored arrangements, allowing for a seamless and inclusive adventure through the bustling streets of New York City. By offering a range of customization options, private bike tours cater to a diverse audience and ensure that every participant can make the most of their journey through the city.

Pricing, Inclusions, and Special Offers

When considering a private bike tour in the NYC area, it's essential to explore the array of additional inclusions that can elevate your experience. For instance, some tour packages offer gourmet picnics where you can indulge in delicious local fare while taking in the stunning city views. Imagine savoring artisanal treats at a scenic spot in Central Park or enjoying a romantic sunset ride along the Hudson River, creating unforgettable memories during your tour.
In addition to gourmet experiences, private bike tours often include various amenities such as bike rentals, helmets, and illustrated maps to ensure a comfortable and safe journey through the city. These inclusions not only enhance the overall experience but also provide convenience and peace of mind for participants, allowing them to focus on enjoying the sights and sounds of New York City. Furthermore, special offers and promotions, such as discounts for repeat customers or group bookings, can make private bike tours more accessible and appealing to a wider audience, encouraging more individuals to embark on this unique adventure in the Big Apple.
Private tour operators may offer add-on experiences or upgrades to enhance the tour further, such as sunset rides, guided museum visits, or even special events tailored to specific interests. These additional features not only add value to the tour but also create a more immersive and unforgettable experience for participants. By exploring the various pricing options, inclusions, and special offers available for private bike tours in the NYC area, visitors can select a tour package that aligns with their preferences and budget, ensuring a memorable and enjoyable exploration of the city's vibrant streets.

Duration, Scheduling, and Group Sizes

When opting for a private bike tour in the vibrant city of New York, visitors can enjoy the convenience of flexible scheduling to accommodate their unique preferences. Whether you are an early riser keen to explore the city in the morning light, an afternoon adventurer seeking iconic sights under the sun, or someone captivated by the city's shimmering skyline at dusk, private bike tours can be tailored to your preferred time of day. For instance, imagine starting your day with a serene ride through Central Park, followed by a leisurely afternoon cruising along the Hudson River, and ending with a magical twilight tour of Times Square - the choice is yours to make your New York experience truly unforgettable.
In addition to flexible scheduling, private bike tours offer the option to customize the duration of the tour to suit individual preferences and interests. Participants can choose from various time slots, ranging from a few hours to a full day of exploration, allowing for a comprehensive and immersive journey through the city. This adaptability ensures that visitors can make the most of their time in New York City, whether they prefer a quick overview of the highlights or a more leisurely and in-depth exploration of the diverse neighborhoods and attractions.
Private tours cater to a range of group sizes, from solo travelers to large corporate outings, providing customized rates and arrangements to accommodate different needs and preferences. For example, solo travelers may opt for a private tour with a dedicated guide for a more personalized experience, while larger groups can enjoy team-building activities or family-friendly adventures tailored to their interests. By offering flexible scheduling, customizable durations, and adaptable group sizes, private bike tours in NYC ensure that every participant can enjoy a memorable and engaging exploration of the city, creating lasting memories with their companions.

Language Options and Tour Accessibility

Private bike tours in NYC are designed to accommodate guests from various linguistic backgrounds, ensuring a seamless and inclusive experience for all. For instance, visitors who are hearing-impaired can benefit from guides proficient in American Sign Language (ASL), enhancing their understanding of the tour's historical and cultural insights. Additionally, multilingual guides proficient in languages like Spanish, French, and Mandarin not only provide language accessibility but also enrich the tour with diverse perspectives and anecdotes, making it a truly immersive experience for participants.
The provision of audio headset rentals further enhances the accessibility of private bike tours in New York City. This feature is particularly beneficial for non-English speakers, as it enables them to follow the guide's commentary clearly throughout the tour. By offering these language options and accessibility features, private bike tours ensure that all participants, regardless of their linguistic background, can fully engage with the tour's highlights and insights, making it a memorable and enriching experience for everyone involved.
In addition to language options, private bike tours prioritize accessibility for participants with diverse needs and preferences. For example, guides are trained to provide assistance to individuals with mobility challenges, ensuring that everyone can enjoy a safe and comfortable tour experience. Furthermore, accommodations can be made for participants with specific dietary restrictions, ensuring that all guests can fully partake in the culinary delights and experiences offered during the tour. By promoting inclusivity and accessibility, private bike tours in NYC create a welcoming and engaging environment for participants of all backgrounds, ensuring that everyone can enjoy the vibrant sights and sounds of the city.

Safety Protocols and Equipment Standards

When embarking on a private bike tour in the NYC area, safety is a top priority. Beyond the thrill of exploration, ensuring the well-being of participants is paramount. Private tour operators meticulously maintain their bikes and equipment, adhering to stringent industry standards to guarantee a safe and smooth riding experience. For example, brakes, gears, and tire pressure are regularly checked and adjusted to prevent any mechanical issues during the tour. This attention to detail not only promotes safety but also contributes to the overall enjoyment of the journey, allowing riders to focus on the sights and sounds of the city.
The guides leading private bike tours are not only knowledgeable about the city's landmarks but also hold certifications in CPR and first aid. This additional training equips them to handle any unforeseen emergencies promptly and effectively, offering participants peace of mind throughout the excursion. Picture this: while cruising along the Hudson River, if a participant were to encounter a minor injury, the guide's swift response and medical expertise ensure a quick resolution, allowing the tour to proceed without disruption. These safety measures underscore the commitment of private bike tour companies to providing a secure environment for guests to explore the vibrant streets of New York City.
In addition to equipment maintenance and guide certifications, private bike tours implement strict safety protocols to ensure the well-being of all participants. For instance, small group sizes are maintained to allow for a higher guide-to-participant ratio, enabling guides to provide personalized attention and assistance as needed. This focus on individualized support and supervision enhances the overall safety of the tour, ensuring that participants can explore the city with confidence and peace of mind. By prioritizing safety at every step of the journey, private bike tours in the NYC area offer a secure and enjoyable experience for riders of all skill levels and backgrounds, creating a memorable and worry-free adventure through the bustling streets of New York City.

Customer Testimonials and Reviews

When looking at customer testimonials and reviews for private bike tours in NYC, it becomes evident that participants value the personalized service and attention to detail provided during these experiences. For instance, many visitors express their admiration for the knowledgeable guides who share historical facts, movie references, and insider tips throughout the tour. This personalized touch not only enhances the sightseeing aspect but also creates a deeper connection to the city's rich culture and heritage.
Numerous reviews emphasize the unique discoveries made during private bike tours in NYC. For example, guests often praise the opportunity to explore lesser-known gems and hidden art installations that are not typically covered in standard group tours. These unexpected finds add an element of excitement and exclusivity to the experience, making the tour memorable and enriching for participants of all ages and backgrounds. The blend of iconic landmarks and off-the-beaten-path locations ensures that private bike tours offer a well-rounded exploration of the city, catering to both first-time visitors and seasoned New York enthusiasts alike.
Customer testimonials often highlight the seamless booking process and exceptional customer service provided by private tour operators in the NYC area. Whether it's assistance with selecting the right tour package, coordinating special arrangements, or addressing specific inquiries, guests appreciate the professionalism and responsiveness of the tour companies. By prioritizing customer satisfaction and ensuring a smooth and enjoyable experience from start to finish, private bike tours in NYC have garnered positive reviews and recommendations from visitors seeking a unique and unforgettable adventure through the vibrant streets of the city.

Embracing the Private NYC Bike Tour Experience

As you consider exploring the bustling streets of New York City, embracing a private bike tour promises a truly personalized and unforgettable journey. The allure of private tours lies in the unique benefits they offer, including the flexibility to customize your itinerary to match your specific interests and the exclusive access they provide to off-the-beaten-path locations not covered in standard group tours. For instance, you could opt for a specialized food tour, indulging in the diverse culinary delights of the city's neighborhoods, or tailor your experience as a photography enthusiast to capture the best vantage points and hidden gems.
The intimate nature of private tours ensures that you receive personalized attention from knowledgeable guides who are adept at sharing insider tips and local knowledge. These guides not only offer historical facts and anecdotes but can also provide insights into movie references and lesser-known stories about the iconic landmarks you visit. Imagine cycling through Central Park or crossing the Brooklyn Bridge while your guide unveils fascinating details about the locations, enriching your experience and deepening your appreciation for the city's history and culture. So, why wait? Book your private NYC bike tour today and embark on a journey that promises to be as unique and vibrant as the city itself, creating memories that will last a lifetime.
Check out this New York Bike Tour Now.
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DAY: MAY 30 2024
5-30-2024

WHAT ARE NOOTROPICS AND DO THEY REALLY BOOST YOUR BRAIN?

Humans have long been searching for a “magic elixir” to make us smarter, and improve our focus and memory. This includes traditional Chinese medicine used thousands of years ago to improve cognitive function. Now we have nootropics, also known as smart drugs, brain boosters or cognitive enhancers. You can buy these gummies, chewing gum, pills and skin patches online, or from supermarkets, pharmacies or petrol stations. You don’t need a prescription or to consult a health professional. But do nootropics actually boost your brain? Here’s what the science says. What
5-30-2024

STUDY REVEALS IMPORTANT HEALTH MARKERS

BIPS has made significant progress in identifying health markers that are crucial for a long and healthy life. Led by Prof. Dr. Krasimira Aleksandrova and in close collaboration with the German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke (DIfE), the research provides valuable insights for healthy aging. In the study published in the journal Age and Ageing, Aleksandrova and her team analyzed specific combinations of molecular markers reflecting various biological processes as possible indicators of healthy aging. The focus was particularly
5-30-2024

STUDY SHOWS AI HEALTH COACH LOWERS BLOOD PRESSURE AND BOOSTS ENGAGEMENT IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION

Architecture of data transmission. Participant data were collected from Bluetooth-enabled blood pressure (BP) monitors, wearable devices, and a mobile app–based questionnaire. Data were uploaded through the respective application programming interfaces (APIs) to our app server, where the individualized analysis was carried out before delivering recommendations to participants. A new study in JMIR Cardio shows that a fully digital, artificial intelligence (AI)–driven lifestyle coaching program can effectively reduce blood pressure (BP) in adults with hypertension. This AI-based program leverages data from wearable activity trackers and
5-30-2024

SNAPPING PHOTOS OF OUR FOOD COULD BE GOOD FOR US, STUDY SUGGESTS

New Curtin University research reveals taking pictures of food isn’t just content for our social media feeds, but could be the key to improving people’s diets. The feeding study saw researchers measure the weight of meals, which were then provided to participants over a day for breakfast, lunch and dinner. “Accuracy of energy and nutrient intake estimation versus observed intake using four technology-assisted dietary assessment methods: a randomized crossover feeding study” was published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Participants compared different technology-assisted methods to recall what they had
5-30-2024

PARENTS ARE INCREASINGLY SAYING THEIR CHILD IS ‘DYSREGULATED.’ WHAT DOES THAT ACTUALLY MEAN?

Welcome aboard the roller coaster of parenthood, where emotions run wild, tantrums reign supreme and love flows deep. As children reach toddlerhood and beyond, parents adapt to manage their child’s big emotions and meltdowns. Parenting terminology has adapted too, with more parents describing their child as “dysregulated.” But what does this actually mean? More than an emotion Emotional dysregulation refers to challenges a child faces in recognizing and expressing emotions, and managing emotional reactions in social settings. This may involve either suppressing emotions or displaying exaggerated and intense emotional responses
5-30-2024

WHAT’S THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SHYNESS AND SOCIAL ANXIETY?

The terms “shyness” and “social anxiety” are often used interchangeably because they both involve feeling uncomfortable in social situations. However, feeling shy, or having a shy personality, is not the same as experiencing social anxiety (short for “social anxiety disorder”). Here are some of the similarities and differences, and what the distinction means. How are they similar? It can be normal to feel nervous or even stressed in new social situations or when interacting with new people. And everyone differs in how comfortable they feel when interacting
5-30-2024

EYE EXERCISES TO IMPROVE SIGHT—IS THERE ANY SCIENCE BEHIND THEM? AN OPHTHALMOLOGIST IS SKEPTICAL

You may have seen advertisements claiming to eliminate the need for eyeglasses through vision therapy or vision training—basically, eye exercises. These exercises include putting pressure on or palming the eye; eye movement exercises; or straining to read by using the wrong prescription glasses to “train” the eyes. As a professor of ophthalmology—and as an eye doctor who has seen thousands of patients—I can tell you that no study to date shows strong evidence that these exercises eliminate the need for glasses or offer any long-term significant benefits. The science simply
5-30-2024

HOW COMMUNITY STRESS AFFECTS BLACK AMERICANS’ MENTAL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING

Residential segregation is an example of the long history of structural racism in the United States. Black Americans are more likely to live in low-quality neighborhoods, which contributes to disparities in health outcomes. A new study from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign looks at how community stress affects the mental and emotional health of Black men and women in the U.S. “Community stress refers to the effects of living in disadvantaged areas. This includes objective aspects, such as buildings in disrepair and lower median income. There is also a subjective
5-30-2024

GENE VARIANTS FORETELL THE BIOLOGY OF FUTURE BREAST CANCERS, STUDY FINDS

A Stanford Medicine study of thousands of breast cancers has found that the gene sequences we inherit at conception are powerful predictors of the breast cancer type we might develop decades later and how deadly it might be. The study challenges the dogma that most cancers arise as the result of random mutations that accumulate during our lifetimes. Instead, it points to the active involvement of gene sequences we inherit from our parents—what’s known as your germline genome—in determining whether cells bearing potential cancer-causing mutations are recognized and eliminated by
5-30-2024

PTSD, ANXIETY IS RISING AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS

America’s college students seem to be more stressed than ever, with a new report finding a sharp rise in cases of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and acute stress disorder (ASD) on campuses across the country. In a “national sample of U.S. college students, we found a notable increase in the prevalence of PTSD and ASD,”
5-30-2024

NIGHT OWL BEHAVIOR COULD HURT MENTAL HEALTH, SLEEP STUDY FINDS

Night owls, brace yourselves. A new study by Stanford Medicine researchers has found that following your natural inclination to stay awake until the early morning hours is a bad choice for your mental health. In a survey of nearly 75,000 adults, researchers compared the participants’ preferred sleep timing, known as chronotype, with their actual sleep behavior. They determined that regardless of one’s preferred bedtime, everyone benefits from turning in early. Morning larks and night owls alike tended to have higher rates of mental and behavioral disorders if they stayed up
5-30-2024

STUDY CONFIRMS EFFECTIVENESS OF ‘WATCH-AND-WAIT’ APPROACH TO PROSTATE CANCER

For a large percentage of men with prostate cancer, the tumor may be so slow-growing that doctors advise a “watch-and-wait” approach instead of active treatment. Now, a study of almost 2,200 patients followed for up to a decade finds that for most, that decision may be a wise one. “In this study, 10 years after diagnosis, 49% of men remained free of progression or treatment, less than 2% developed metastatic disease and less than 1% died of their disease,” reported a team led by Lisa Newcomb, a cancer prevention researcher
5-30-2024

RESEARCHERS HARNESS THE POWER OF AI TO MATCH PATIENTS WITH THE MOST EFFECTIVE ANTIDEPRESSANT FOR THEIR UNIQUE NEEDS

Researchers at George Mason University’s College of Public Health have leveraged the power of artificial intelligence (AI) analytical models to match a patient’s medical history to the most effective antidepressant, allowing patients to find symptom relief sooner. The free website, MeAgainMeds.com, provides evidence-based recommendations, allowing clinicians and patients to find the optimal antidepressant the first time. “Many people with depression must try multiple antidepressants before finding the right one that alleviates their symptoms. Our website reduces the number of medications that patients are asked to try. The system recommends to
5-30-2024

NEW CANCER-RELATED FATIGUE TREATMENT GUIDELINES URGE EXERCISE, TALK THERAPY, MINDFULNESS, TAI CHI

The clinical practice guidelines, which came about after an extensive review of 113 published clinical trials by a panel of experts, conclude that doctors should recommend exercise, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness-based programs, Tai chi, qigong, and American ginseng to reduce fatigue severity during cancer treatment. After completion of cancer treatment, the guidelines also suggest that exercise, CBT, and mindfulness-based
5-30-2024

STUDY FINDS THAT BETTER SLEEP IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER LONELINESS

A new study to be presented at the SLEEP 2024 annual meeting found that better sleep health was associated with lower levels of loneliness, and this association was stronger among younger adults. Results indicate that better sleep health was associated with significantly lower total loneliness, emotional loneliness and social loneliness. While better sleep health was associated with lower total and emotional loneliness across ages, this association was stronger for younger adults. However, age did not moderate the association between sleep health and social loneliness. “Loneliness is an urgent public health
5-30-2024

SOCIAL MEDIA USE AND SLEEP DURATION CONNECTED TO BRAIN ACTIVITY IN TEENS

A new study to be presented at the SLEEP 2024 annual meeting found a distinct relationship between sleep duration, social media usage, and brain activation across brain regions that are key for executive control and reward processing. Results show a correlation between shorter sleep duration and greater social media usage in teens. The analysis points to involvement of areas within the frontolimbic brain regions, such as the inferior and middle frontal gyri, in these relationships. The inferior frontal gyrus, key in inhibitory control, may play
5-30-2024

HOW DOES THE WORD ‘NOT’ AFFECT WHAT WE UNDERSTAND? SCIENTISTS FIND NEGATION MITIGATES OUR INTERPRETATION OF PHRASES

When we’re told “This coffee is hot” upon being served a familiar caffeinated beverage at our local diner or cafe, the message is clear. But what about when we’re told “This coffee is not hot”? Does that mean we think it’s cold? Or room temperature? Or just warm? A team of scientists has now identified how our brains work to process phrases that include negation (i.e., “not”), revealing that it mitigates rather than inverts meaning—in other words, in our minds, negation merely reduces the temperature of our coffee and does
5-30-2024

IS GUT HEALTH LINKED TO MENTAL HEALTH? WE KNOW THEY’RE CONNECTED BUT HOW REMAINS A MYSTERY, RESEARCHER SAYS

Rebecca Carrier, associate chair of research in the Department of Chemical Engineering, researches retinal and gut epithelial repair in the Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering Complex on Jan. 24, 2023. It was an act of desperation: A woman with irritable bowel syndrome was looking for relief from her symptoms. She decided to try an at-home fecal microbiota, aka a “poop transplant.” Used to treat C. diff bacterial infections, this treatment can help introduce “good microbiomes” to the gut to ease gastrointestinal symptoms. But the woman told Netflix
5-30-2024

STUDY LINKS SLEEP APNEA TREATMENT AND HAPPIER, HEALTHIER RELATIONSHIPS

when individuals with obstructive sleep apnea use their positive airway pressure machine more regularly, it benefits their relationship with their partner. Results show that greater adherence to PAP therapy was associated with higher levels of relationship satisfaction and lower levels of relationship conflict. Higher sleep efficiency among patients also was associated with higher levels of relationship satisfaction as reported by both the patient and their partner. “Recognizing that sleep and sleep disorders have an impact on
5-30-2024

CDC REPORTS THIRD DAIRY WORKER INFECTED WITH BIRD FLU, RISK TO PUBLIC REMAINS LOW

Amid an ongoing outbreak of bird flu in dairy cows, there’s been a third case of H5N1 avian flu confirmed in a dairy worker, U.S. health officials reported Thursday. The previous two human cases—the first in Texas, the second in Michigan, where this latest case also occurred—involved only a brief discomfort of the eyes, linked to conjunctivitis (“pink eye”). However, this third case is the first to present with more typical respiratory symptoms, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention noted in a health update. “The patient reported upper
5-30-2024

RECOMMENDATIONS ISSUED FOR PALLIATIVE RADIATION THERAPY FOR SYMPTOMATIC BONE METASTASES

In a clinical practice guideline issued by the American Society for Radiation Oncology and published in Practical Radiation Oncology, evidence-based recommendations are presented for the use of palliative external beam radiation therapy (RT) for symptomatic bone metastases. Sarah Alcorn, M.D., Ph.D., M.P.H., from the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, and colleagues developed evidence-based recommendations for palliative external beam RT in symptomatic bone metastases. Five key questions regarding palliative RT were addressed. The authors noted that RT is recommended for managing pain from bone metastases and spine metastases with or without
5-30-2024

CAUSE OF COMMON TYPE OF HEART FAILURE MAY BE DIFFERENT FOR WOMEN AND MEN

Graphical abstract. Credit: Cardiovascular Research (2024). DOI: 10.1093/cvcvae070 A new study from the UC Davis School of Medicine found striking differences at the cellular level between male and female mice with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The findings could determine how HFpEF is treated in women compared to men. With HFpEF, the heart muscle contracts normally but the heart is unable to fully relax and refill properly between beats. This condition is known as diastolic dysfunction. It can occur if the heart is too stiff or if the

5-30-2024

CANCER CAN BE CAUSED BY REVERSIBLE MOLECULAR CHANGES, STUDY SHOWS

Though 1 in 2 people will develop some form of cancer in their lifetime, there’s still much we don’t know about this disease. But thanks to continued research efforts, we keep learning more about the biology of cancer. One of these recent discoveries could even transform our understanding of how cancers develop. But before we talk about the new discovery, let’s first discuss the classical theory that attempts to explain why normal cells become cancer cells. This theory posits that DNA mutations are the primary cause of cancers. It’s well
5-30-2024

HOW THE IMMUNE SYSTEM DESTROYS THE CEREBELLUM

Neurologist Professor Dr Kurt-Wolfram Sühs has discovered a new form of severe cerebellitis caused by autoantibodies. Cerebellar ataxia is a neurological disorder of the cerebellum. This important area at the back of the brain acts as a conductor, so to speak, coordinating our movements and keeping us in balance. This ability is impaired in cerebellar ataxia. Affected people can have difficulties walking, speaking and grasping or even with controlled eye movements. In some cases, the damage begins gradually and develops over a period of years.
5-30-2024

PEOPLE WHO ARE EASILY ABSORBED IN AN ACTIVITY MAY HAVE BETTER MENTAL AND CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH

Have you ever lost all sense of space and time when redecorating a room? How about being so focused while playing an instrument that the worries that weighed you down a minute ago just evaporated? Then you’ve probably experienced “flow.” Flow is a term used in psychology to describe a state of heightened concentration, in which you are completely absorbed in an activity. It exists somewhere between boredom and stress—usually experienced during activities which are somewhat challenging but still meet our skill levels. When we experience flow, we tend to
5-30-2024

SCIENTISTS FIND ‘GOLDILOCKS’ BINDING STRENGTH DETERMINES ANTI-CANCER T-CELL EFFICACY AND FATE

Immunotherapy, treatments that reinvigorate immune cells’ anti-cancer activity or reprogram T cells to target cancer, has shown promise in treating leukemias but has not yet been realized in solid tumors. One reason for the stymied success is the conversion of potential cancer-killing T cells into an inactive “exhausted” state near the tumor. St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital scientists found that how tight a parental T cell grabs a cancer
5-30-2024

IN THE BRAIN AT REST, STUDY INDICATES NEURONS REHEARSE FUTURE EXPERIENCE

Some dreams may, in fact, predict the future: New research has found that during sleep, some neurons not only replay the recent past but also anticipate future experience. The discovery is one in a series of insights afforded by a study on sleep and learning published in Nature by a team of researchers from Rice University and the University of Michigan. The research offers an unprecedented view of how individual neurons in the hippocampus of rats
5-30-2024

• 5-30-2024STUDY FINDS EVEN LOW LEAD LEVELS IN US WATER ARE LINKED TO LEAD POISONING AMONG SUSCEPTIBLE PEOPLE
• 5-30-2024STUDY PROMOTES DIGITAL HELP FOR ADULTS WITH ADHD
• 5-30-2024IN THE BRAIN AT REST, STUDY INDICATES NEURONS REHEARSE FUTURE EXPERIENCE
• 5-30-2024AI AND MATH CAN HELP PREPARE FOR NEW INFECTIONS IN CHANGING CLIMATE, NEW THESIS SHOWS
• 5-30-2024GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME ‘MORE COMMON THAN EXPECTED’ WITH RSV VACCINE IN OLDER PEOPLE, CDC REITERATES
• 5-30-2024REWRITABLE, RECYCLABLE ‘SMART SKIN’ MONITORS BIOLOGICAL SIGNALS ON DEMAND
• 5-30-2024UNDERSTANDING PROTEIN MUTATIONS THAT AFFECT GENE EXPRESSION TO PROMOTE CANCER PROGRESSION
• 5-30-2024STUDY REVEALS THAT GASTRIC CANCER SURGERY MAY REDUCE HEART DISEASE RISK
• 5-30-2024STUDY SHOWS EFFECTIVENESS OF UPDATED COVID-19 VACCINES WANES MODERATELY OVER TIME, IS LOWER AGAINST CURRENT VARIANTS
• 5-30-2024SCIENTISTS FIND ‘GOLDILOCKS’ BINDING STRENGTH DETERMINES ANTI-CANCER T-CELL EFFICACY AND FATE
• 5-30-2024STUDY FINDS SUICIDE RATES AMONG CANCER PATIENTS ARE FALLING
• 5-30-2024EXISTING DRUG SHOWS PROMISE AS TREATMENT FOR RARE GENETIC DISORDER
• 5-30-2024STUDY SUGGESTS ASTROCYTES INDUCE SEX-SPECIFIC EFFECTS ON MEMORY
• 5-30-2024STUDY OF 16 COUNTRIES SHOWS HIGHER TAXES WOULD HELP YOUNG SMOKERS QUIT OR CUT DOWN
• 5-30-2024RURAL FAMILIES AND CLINICS FEEL MEDICAID CUTS
• 5-30-2024CANCER CAN BE CAUSED BY REVERSIBLE MOLECULAR CHANGES, STUDY SHOWS
• 5-30-2024NOVEL VACCINE CONCEPT GENERATES IMMUNE RESPONSES THAT COULD PRODUCE MULTIPLE TYPES OF HIV NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES
• 5-30-2024ANOTHER MICHIGAN DAIRY WORKER HAS BIRD FLU, THE THIRD US CASE THIS YEAR
• 5-30-2024COULD ULTRA-PROCESSED FOODS BE ASSOCIATED WITH YOUR INSOMNIA?
• 5-30-2024RESEARCHERS DEVELOP EASY-TO-USE SCREENING TOOL TO HELP IMPROVE FAMILY ACCESS TO FEDERAL NUTRITION PROGRAMS
• 5-30-2024‘STICKY AND STRAIN-GRADIENT ARTIFICIAL EPINEURIUM’ CAN HEAL SEVERED NERVES IN ONLY ONE MINUTE, STUDY CLAIMS
• 5-30-2024STUDY SUGGESTS IT’S A SAFE AND EFFECTIVE GENDER-AFFIRMING HORMONE THERAPY FOR TRANS MEN
• 5-30-2024STUDY EXAMINES PRESCRIBING PATTERNS OF DRUG ASSOCIATED WITH COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT
• 5-30-2024RESEARCHERS FIND KNOWLEDGE A FACTOR IN CLOSING BLACK-WHITE COVID-19 VACCINATION GAP
• 5-30-2024MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IS ON THE RISE IN AUSTRALIA, BUT IT’S NOT ALL BAD NEWS
• 5-30-2024DRUGS CAN REDUCE RECURRENCE AFTER BOWEL CANCER SURGERY, NEW THESIS SUGGESTS
• 5-30-2024DEVELOPING HEALTHIER AND MORE CLIMATE-FRIENDLY PROTECTIVE FOOTWEAR
• 5-30-2024RESEARCHER FINDS INCREASED DEMENTIA RISK IN OLDER ADULTS WITH A CRIMINAL BACKGROUND
• 5-30-2024EXAMINATIONS OF MAJOR SALIVARY GLANDS AND HEART REVEAL PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL PROGRESSION OF PARKINSON’S
• 5-30-2024RESEARCHERS IDENTIFY FACTORS THAT HEIGHTEN RISK FOR CATHETER-ASSOCIATED URINARY TRACT INFECTIONS AND SEPSIS
• 5-30-2024TELEHEALTH STUDY MAY HELP IMPROVE ACCESS TO AUTISM ASSESSMENTS
• 5-30-2024ACCESS TO TARGETED LUNG CANCER DRUG IS COST-PROHIBITIVE GLOBALLY
• 5-30-2024NEW AVENUES TO DEVELOPING PERSONALIZED TREATMENTS FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA
• 5-30-2024CALL FOR JOURNALS TO BAN RESEARCH BY THE FIRMS, THEIR SUBSIDIARIES
• 5-30-2024TINY WORM HELPS UNCOVER LONG-LASTING PRENATAL EFFECTS FROM AMPHETAMINES
• 5-30-2024NEW MEASURE OF VALUE CAN HELP ACCOUNTABLE CARE ORGANIZATIONS DELIVER BETTER HEALTH OUTCOMES FOR LESS MONEY
• 5-30-2024HOW THE IMMUNE SYSTEM DESTROYS THE CEREBELLUM
• 5-30-2024SYSTEMATIC SURVEY REVEALS UNANNOTATED HUMAN GENE THAT’S OVEREXPRESSED IN PITUITARY TUMORS
• 5-30-2024NEW ELECTROSTATIC SAMPLER BOOSTS INDOOR VIRUS DETECTION SPEED
• 5-30-2024MICROFLUIDIC ORGAN CHIP MODELS HUMAN CERVIX TO FILL KEY WOMEN’S HEALTH GAP
• 5-30-2024CAUSE OF COMMON TYPE OF HEART FAILURE MAY BE DIFFERENT FOR WOMEN AND MEN
• 5-30-2024TO AVOID INFECTION SPREAD, HOW LONG A QUARANTINE IS SUFFICIENT? IT DEPENDS
• 5-30-2024HYPERTENSION, ALBUMINURIA RISKS ARE NO WORSE FOR KIDNEY DONORS THAN FOR NON-DONORS: STUDY
• 5-30-2024CDC REPORTS THIRD DAIRY WORKER INFECTED WITH BIRD FLU, RISK TO PUBLIC REMAINS LOW
• 5-30-2024BIMEKIZUMAB YIELDS MEANINGFUL RESPONSE IN HIDRADENITIS SUPPURATIVA
• 5-30-2024STUDY REVEALS IMPACT OF ICU DEMAND ON COVID-19 PATIENT MORTALITY IN COLORADO
• 5-30-2024SCIENTISTS DEVELOPING AT-HOME SWAB TESTS FOR ENDOMETRIAL, OVARIAN CANCER
• 5-30-2024RESEARCHERS CREATE COMPREHENSIVE TRANSCRIPTIONAL ATLAS OF HUMAN ADENOMYOSIS
• 5-30-2024THE GUT MICROBIOME, POOP AND THE FUTURE OF MEDICINE
• 5-30-2024NEW STUDY REVEALS KEY PROTEIN THAT COULD HELP PREVENT EXCESSIVE BONE LOSS IN OSTEOPOROSIS
• 5-30-2024AT-SCHOOL VACCINATION BOOSTS HPV VACCINATION COVERAGE
• 5-30-2024RECOMMENDATIONS ISSUED FOR PALLIATIVE RADIATION THERAPY FOR SYMPTOMATIC BONE METASTASES
• 5-30-2024TEAM USES SURFACE-ENHANCED RAMAN SCATTERING TO CHARACTERIZE INFECTIONS IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS
• 5-30-2024DRUG RESISTANCE DISCOVERY COULD ‘MOVE THE FIELD FORWARD’ FOR BREAST CANCER TREATMENT
• 5-30-2024AN ANTIBACTERIAL PROTEIN PROVIDES A NEW THERAPEUTIC TARGET AGAINST PANCREATIC CANCER
• 5-30-2024TALKING ABOUT A TABOO—SURVEY REVEALS STIGMA AROUND WOMEN’S MENSTRUAL HEALTH PRACTICES IN BANGLADESH
• 5-30-2024RESEARCHERS TAKE STEP TOWARD DEVELOPMENT OF UNIVERSAL COVID-19 ANTIBODIES

Welcome to the Sample Status/Processing Megathread. This monthly megathread (posted at the beginning of each month) allows you post your sample processing timelines, as well as to discuss and comment about any questions, concerns, or rants while you wait. Although not directly handled by AncestryDNA, shipping status may also be discussed in the thread. We recommend sorting the comments by "new" as this is a month long megathread.
You can share your sample status timeline here in one or two ways. The first way is to take a screenshot of your timeline, upload the screenshot to imgur, and share the image link here. The second way is to simply copy and paste the start and completion dates for each step. Here is the text template:
Kit Type: [Standard, Traits, or Health]
Priority processing?: [Yes/No]
DNA Kit Activated: [Date]
Sample Received:
Sample Being Processed:
DNA Extracted:
Genotyped:
DNA Analyzed:
Results Ready:
AncestryDNA support article on sample processing: https://support.ancestry.com/s/article/AncestryDNA-Lab-Processing

Welcome to the Sample Status/Processing Megathread, also known as the Waiting, Whining, and Wishing thread. This monthly megathread (posted at the beginning of each month) allows you post your sample processing timelines, as well as to discuss and comment about any questions, concerns, or rants while you wait. Although not directly handled by 23andMe, shipping status may also be discussed in the thread. We recommend sorting the comments by "new" as this is a month long megathread.
You can share your sample status timeline here in one or two ways. The first way is to take a screenshot of your timeline, upload the screenshot to imgur, and share the image link here. The second way is to simply copy and paste the start and completion dates for each step. Here is the text template:
Registered: [Date and Lab Location]
Arrived at Lab:
Prepped:
Extracted:
Genotyped:
Reviewed:
Computing Your Results:
Results Ready:
If you have any further questions or concerns, 23andMe customer service has some helpful sample status articles: https://customercare.23andme.com/forums/20635777-Sample-Status

New account, and first time using Reddit other than to browse. Sorry if something goes wrong.
So to preface this I graduated in 2023 and applied to colleges (1st cycle) but chose to take a gap year instead and applied again (2nd cycle). So if you see those, that's what they mean. ALSO PLEASE READ THE ADDITIONAL INFO PART OF THIS POST!!
Here we go:
Demographics
Gender: Male
Race/Ethnicity: South + East Asian
Residence: MD
Income Bracket: 300k?
Type of School: Competitive public
Hooks (Recruited Athlete, URM, First-Gen, Geographic, Legacy, etc.): None
Intended Major(s): Chemistry (1st cycle), Neuroscience + Linguistics (2nd cycle)
Academics
GPA (UW/W): 3.94 (UW), 4.83 (W)
Rank (or percentile): HS does not rank
Number of Honors/AP/IB/Dual Enrollment/etc.: 11 APs, 10 Honors, 1 Dual Enrollment
Senior Year Course Load: Anatomy and Physiology, AP Lang, AP Psych, "Advanced Math" (AKA dual enrollment at CC in advanced differential equations), science intern at two local hospitals (yes it's listed as a course), Molecular Bio
Standardized Testing
List the highest scores earned and all scores that were reported.
SAT: 1540 (800 M, 740 R)
ACT: 35 (33M, 35S, 35E, 35R) (didn't submit, though probably wouldn't have hurt)
AP/IB: 4s and 5s on everything except a 3 on AP Lang 💀
Other (ex. IELTS, TOEFL, etc.): N/A
Extracurriculars/Activities
List all extracurricular involvements, including leadership roles, time commitments, major achievements, etc.

1. Practiced Japanese calligraphy for over 7 years and received numerous internationally recognized awards and certifications for proficiency and artistic style (1st and 2nd cycle), uploaded samples on my application (1st cycle), but didn't upload (2nd cycle) since my parents advised me not to, and honestly I regret not doing it the 2nd time but too late now
2. Coxswain of HS Crew, participated in freshman and sophomore year before ending it due to COVID (1st and 2nd cycle)
3. Volunteer work at a cultural summer camp including leadership roles in engagement, ranked up from junior to senior position (1st and 2nd cycle)
4. Helped teach students in underserved communities who were struggling in elementary school to learn math and English (1st and 2nd cycle)
5. Internship at two local hospitals, including communicating with patients and assisting with tasks along with observing healthcare practices & surgery (1st and 2nd cycle)
6. Extensive preparation to become an EMT, including over 150 hours of mandatory training and involvement in significant realistically simulated scenarios (2nd cycle)
7. Volunteer position at a local senior memory care facility, involved with both leading and assisting group activities designed for elderly residents (2nd cycle)
8. Self - studied Python to code and design a program used to identify handwritten digits with over 99% accuracy using concepts from Linear Algebra (2nd cycle)

(9). Self - studied German to where I got a 4 on the AP German test... this, along with my dual enrollment, appeared in part of my additional info section and not in the EC list (1st and 2nd cycle)
Awards/Honors
List all awards and honors submitted on your application.

1. Numerous awards in Japanese calligraphy for "good work" (1st and 2nd cycle)
2. CPR and BLS certifications as part of EMT training (2nd cycle)
3. NASA College Scholarship Award
4. AATG National German Examination level 2 and 3 bronze awards
5. Seal of Biliteracy
6. AP Scholar with distinction

Letters of Recommendation
Teacher: (7/10): So after browsing through this subreddit, it seems like people often overinflate their rec letter ratings. I'd have to say though, my teacher recs must have been pretty good since they won me that NASA scholarship (and the team specifically said that it was the rec letters)!
Counselor: (3/10) I'm just giving it a conservative rating... anyway, this is one thing that was really out of my control, and it's honestly kind of a sad story. My school assigns counselors by name, and I had a counselor that I was particularly close with and would meet with frequently. It was really sad to see her go in my junior year, and so one of the other counselors (still a nice guy) was forced to substitute as ours instead. Needless to say, I didn't have much time to connect with him as much as his other students, and I'm not sure if his letter could have stood out too much from other students that he knew much more.
Interviews
Harvard (1st cycle): (6/10) So, as a first interview, I thought it went quite well. We laughed together and shared our stories of how we grew up and connected through that. It started slightly awkward (video isn't the ideal form of communication) but otherwise went well. Lasted substantially longer than the scheduled time.
UPenn (1st cycle): (5/10) Pretty standard interview. The interviewer was very enthusiastic, but the conversation was a bit more formal and less exciting. Got to know a lot about the school though, so that was good. 45 minutes, not bad.
Dartmouth (2nd cycle) (8/10): Probably my best interview. He shared a lot in common with me and we were able to talk a lot about our cultural similarities and how Dartmouth would be a great fit. It lasted almost 2 hours and we had a great time!
A bit surprised by the lack of interviews, but maybe this is normal.
Essays
I feel like while I thought at the time my essays were good, in hindsight, they probably weren't. I'm inclined to think that my writing ability is not that great, but I tried and gave it a lot of time. For the personal essay, I first wrote about how Japanese calligraphy had given me a new way to see the world, but looking back, I may have looked a bit introverted from the way it was written. For the second cycle, I talked about sports, which looking back I felt was even more of a cliche. I only chose to write about it because at the time it was suggested to me and I thought it could work. I will say, however, that my supplemental essays were probably much better and very school - specific.

Decisions (indicate ED/EA/REA/SCEA/RD)
FIRST CYCLE: EXTREMELY TOP - HEAVY, DON'T DO THIS UNLESS YOU'RE PREPARED FOR REJECTION!
Acceptances:
UMD (EA) (originally committed but was denied to defer acceptance to next year)
Waitlists (honestly surprised that I didn't get more waitlists):
UChicago (RD) (later rejected)
Rejections:
Berkeley
Caltech (RD)
Columbia (RD)
Harvard (RD)
Johns Hopkins (RD)
MIT (RD)
Princeton (RD)
Stanford (RD)
UCLA
UMich (EA, defer - reject)
UPenn (RD)
Yale (RD)
SECOND CYCLE: Still top - heavy but more balanced with a mix of safeties, targets, and reaches
Acceptances:
Baylor (RD, 23k scholarship), rejected BS/MD
CWRU (RD, 31.5k scholarship) (committed, but may just go to CC tbh), rejected BS/MD
Purdue FYE (RD)
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RD, 36k scholarship), rejected BS/MD
SUNY Stony Brook (RD, 28k scholarship), rejected BS/MD
University College London (school in the UK)
Wayne State (RD, 6.5k scholarship), rejected BS/MD
Waitlists (honestly surprised that I didn't get more waitlists):
GWU (RD) (declined waitlist offer), rejected BS/MD
UChicago (RD) (later rejected)
Rejections:
Brown (RD), rejected BS/MD
Cambridge (in the UK)
Cornell (RD)
Dartmouth (RD)
Duke (RD)
Harvard (RD)
Harvey Mudd (RD)
Johns Hopkins (RD)
Northwestern (RD)
UMich (RD)
UPenn (RD)
Vanderbilt (RD)
Also got straight up ghosted by UMD 💀
Additional info/Final thoughts (IMPORTANT):
Extra things that I thought would help me stand out:
I took AP Calc BC in 8th grade and scored a 5 on the AP test (lol this might already give me away), and my middle and high school had to make a special curriculum/arrangement for me (and potential future students who were advanced in their classes).
Also, I was the only person to have dual enrolled in math, after literally running out of math courses to take at my already competitive high school. Diff EQ was no joke, but it was a really useful class and I did very well.
Took every double period and AP science course at least one year ahead of my peers.
I also talked extensively about traveling to Asia in my gap year, and how I utilized my language skills to interact with people. I talked about how it has opened me to new perspectives and how interacting with communities broadened my outlook.
FINAL THOUGHTS: after two years of straight rejections from top schools, I have to say I've been extremely invested in this process, if not anything more than for the sake of my younger brother, who is gonna need as much advice from me as possible given the fierce competition.
So yeah in the end college admissions cooked me to a crisp. Besides my unremarkable personal statement and (possibly) mediocre counselor rec, I really can't understand what went wrong. Maybe this year was just too competitive with test - optional policies, and I'm pretty sure there are kids with <1400 SATs from my school who went TO and got into top schools. Also, I will say that evidently, top schools couldn't care less about your course rigor, at least beyond a certain amount. They don't care that you took AP Physics C in elementary school or can speak 10 languages. I went in with the mindset of "all it takes is one", though I guess even that was too much to ask for :/ Anyway, my #1 piece of advice?
APPLY EARLY. Seriously, I think this was my biggest downfall. I can't believe I didn't learn from my first application cycle, but too late to change that now. THIS APPLIES ESPECIALLY IF YOUR SCHOOL REGULARLY SENDS STUDENTS TO TOP SCHOOLS. It doesn't matter if you have new stuff that you want to show by the regular decision deadline. You can always update stuff in your portal later. If you apply RD, universities may already have selected their share of students from your school. Honestly given how UChicago heavily pads their yield, I might have been accepted had I applied ED there. Or maybe JHU. I don't even know :/
I will say though, I think Purdue was an interesting outlier. Even though their engineering program is quite competitive (especially OOS), they specifically reached out to me and asked for my CC dual enrollment grade which no other university did. I think that compelled them to offer me admission, and turning them down was a really hard decision that I still don't even know was the right move. I am extremely grateful for that though.
Still, I'm honestly feeling quite lost considering all my work, but looks like I might just go to CC atp. What makes it even worse is that it's looked down upon by every person in my school community and even by my parents and relatives. At least I'll save money, right?
Also remember if you're reading this and you didn't get into a top college, DO NOT BE DISCOURAGED. This sub has an INSANE amount of response bias, and post titles like "clutching an ivy" or "scored a miracle" just aren't representative and you shouldn't compare yourself to them. Not everyone gets a satisfactory outcome and you aren't alone. For the sake of your happiness, if you're applying to top universities, just expect to get rejected from all of them. Don't bank on getting into one of them even if you think you are talented or extraordinary in some regard. Chances are that they just don't care. And unless you think you can do something remarkable in a gap year, don't take one just to reapply. It's just not worth it.
Anyway, vent over. It doesn't really matter anyway, I'll crush those transfer apps 😌

I’ve had my Bernina Activa 210 for 12 years. I love it so much. I always buy “genuine/ authentic” Bernina feet/ accessories. I’ve only bought 1 snap-on cheap teflon foot for $10 that works great. I need a bias binding foot attachment (or at least I think I do) for sewing jersey knit / rayon / modal tees with a bias neckline. How bad is it to buy the non-official feet? like this. Because I don’t have $1000 to drop on the “real thing” at the moment. (aka the main foot from Bernina is like $250 + the attachment is the same. This set has a few more feet that would = $1000). I will buy if it’s ok, and I feel like a bias binding foot would seriously make it look professional without having a serger / overlocker. If you all tell me, "ignore that you get 30 feet here, spend the $500 on the 2 feet you actually need" I will do that. — For context with my cooking equipment, I always wait to buy the best.- But I have a lot of tops I need to finish in the next 2 weeks and some samples I need to make to hand over to a professional, so I feel like I could use a set like this. Please help. Thanks!
ALso, I have a walking foot that I use ALL THE TIME. I’ve tested about a million ways to do a bias binding jersey knit rayon (thin) neck (odif spray, basting spray, hand basting, tailor's tacks,...), and the only thing that looks completely “even” and professional might be this foot attachment” or so I think. OR if someone has a technique that will make the bias binding attachment perfect = even width, I’m all ears. Thank you!