The demand for online education has skyrocketed in a society going more and more digital. This is an incredible opportunity for educators and content developers.
In the world of online education, websites like Udemy, LearnWorlds, and Kajabi are well-known.
Every platform has a distinct combination of features that it offers, from powerful tools for creating courses and analytics to marketing and community building capacities.
Whether you’re an academic institution, a creative worker, or an enterprise, the range of platforms caters to varied needs. It is crucial that instructors are knowledgeable about the advantages and disadvantages of each platform.

Best Place To Sell an Online Course

• Learnworlds – Best Place To Sell an Online Course, the default choice
• Udemy – Suitable for large companies
• Kajabi – Suitable for designers

This post seeks to give you a thorough overview of the most well-liked online course selling platforms, illuminating their features, costs, and course kinds that you may offer so that you can choose the best option for your needs and experience.

Learnworlds

LearnWorlds is a feature-rich online course platform that enables instructors to design, market, and sell their courses. The platform has many features out of the box, like customisable certificates, an integrated social network, and interactive video.
In addition, it has several third-party tool integrations, the capacity to generate assignments and quizzes, and the ability to engage students with interactive ebooks.
LearnWorlds provides distinctive features, such as integrated social networking and interactive video, for course developers who prioritize interactive and captivating content. Student happiness and engagement can be greatly increased in this way, which is important for course success.
Course producers may offer a more comprehensive and organized learning experience with its configurable assignments, quizzes, and certificates.
Flexibility in organizing and promoting courses is also made possible by the platform’s broad third-party interfaces.
Important features include tasks, integrations, certificates, interactive films, and quizzes.
Get today Learnworlds

Advantages include

• incredibly engaging course material
• an integrated social network for fostering community.

Cons

• Basic plans have a higher learning curve for new users.
• Monthly and transaction fees.

Selling points include business, technology, health, lifestyle, and education.

Cost

• $299 for the Learning Center,
• $299 for the Pro Trainer, and $29 for the Starter.
• A 30-day free trial is what a free demo trial offers.

In summary, LearnWorlds is a great platform for developers seeking community development and involvement.
Knowing something is not only powerful in the digital era, but it may also lead to profitable commercial ventures. People all across the world are ready to learn, and your knowledge could serve as a lighthouse for countless others. Never allow hesitancy to stop you.
Take the step to create a course and you and the many interested minds waiting for your insights will discover a world of possibilities.
It’s time to spread knowledge, educate, and thrive!
Simply said, you’re in good hands with LearnWorlds.
Get today Learnworlds

Udemy

Advantages of Udemy

• planned, prescriptive process for creating courses
• innate audience on Udemy
• Not much design or editing is required.

Drawbacks of Udemy

• steep revenue-sharing schedule
• Video is necessary.
• To provide paid courses, one must apply and be accepted.

Cost on Udemy

Udemy charges a revenue share of 63% on all other course sales and 3% on courses made through instructor coupons. It is free to publish free courses that include less than two hours of video. (Note: Mobile platform fees for sales of mobile courses, as well as processing costs from PayPal or Payoneer, are not included in revenue sharing.)
Why are you offering your first course on Udemy? due to the platform’s abundance of resources for developing and promoting courses.
For instance, if you’re not sure whether your video courses are up to par, you may send in a sample for evaluation.
You’ll receive comments on the audio and video, as well as equipment recommendations.
Additionally, Udemy offers a helpful Teaching Center with instructions on topics like organizing a course, shooting your first video, and other related subjects.
Udemy’s customized marketing courses can help if you’re having trouble closing your first few transactions.
Take advantage of site-wide discounts, have your course highlighted in their email blasts, or sign up for Udemy’s affiliate marketing program.
Udemy gets a cut of course sales; all of these programs are optional. The promotional channel you select will determine how much they take.
Because of the scale of the marketplace you’re competing with, it’s critical that you choose the ideal course topic and evaluate how it compares to other courses on the site using Udemy’s marketplace insights.
This function, which is akin to Google Analytics, provides information on a topic’s popularity on Udemy, search volume, and related keywords.
Additionally, you may view the quantity of courses that are currently available for a given subject, the category’s highest-earning courses, the monthly revenue earned, and the most effective channels for promotion (Udemy search, Udemy discovery, external sources, and paid ads).

Kajabi

Expert designers would benefit most from using Kajabi, one of the most upscale online course platforms.
Kajabi might not be for you if you are a novice or a small business owner.
On the other hand, this is the ideal location if you are an experienced designer looking to start an online academy. This platform even has Amy Porterfield’s endorsement!

Kajabi’s features

• Infinite landing sites
• Advertising emails without limit
• 1000 active members and 10,000 contacts
• One website Usable templates
• Automations
• Assessments (tests and questionnaires)

cost

• Basic, which costs $119
• Growth, which costs $159
• Procosts $319 per month (annual memberships are also an option)

The ability to build webinar pipelines is an intriguing feature shared by all of the options.
It also has fantastic marketing options, like expertly branded messaging, because it caters to huge edupreneurs.
The cost is somewhat more than that of the other platforms on this list, but for some users, the attentive, knowledgeable support staff can make up for it.
They could have made the digital offering more varied for the price they ask by including some possibilities, such as vFair’s event gamification tool, but they don’t.
The website may seem overly technical because it was designed with specialists in mind, which may discourage novice course developers from using it.
Overall, it is a costly and comprehensive LMS supplier, according to its reputation.

Just a reminder! With Chucks Wagon & Brewholders food trucks. From 8:30am - Noon
The Lancaster Farmers Market runs for 23 weeks on Saturday mornings from May to October, plus our Harvest Market the Saturday before Thanksgiving. Each week our farmers and artisans bring a wide variety of fresh fruits and vegetables, baked goods, crafts, meat, flowers, eggs, and more.
There’s always a little something extra happening each week – we have a Community Tent where you can meet and learn more about local organizations, there are food trucks who visit, musical entertainment and kids’ activities from time to time. Check our schedule to see what fun is in store for your visit!
The market takes place rain or shine. Well-behaved dogs are welcome, but should be on a leash. Parking is available on-street and in select parking lots nearby.
Most of our vendors accept credit and debit cards. Some accept Ohio Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program and WIC Farmers Market Nutrition Program coupons.
Our market also now accepts SNAP/EBT payments! Learn how you can get twice the dollar value for your SNAP purchase with Produce Perks! Visit the Market Tent for more info or to get started.
The Lancaster Farmers Market is managed by Lancaster Fresh Market, Inc., a 501(c)(3) non profit organization that also operates the Keller Market House, an indoor, year round marketplace in downtown Lancaster.

I am relocating for work and need to purchase a new car.
I have a budget of £3000, and will be doing a mix of motorway and city driving. I’d prefer petrol as I live in a ULEZ zone. I would like something reliable, good for cruising on the motorway but also something that’s fun/interesting to drive.
I have narrowed down some options but I am unsure of the best choice, and would welcome some advice!
Mini Cooper S Checkmate 2006 (92k miles, warranty, full service before purchase, MOT til October 2024). £2999 from a dealership
Mazda 3 2.0 Sport Euro 5 2011 (106k miles, service record only up to 30k miles, newly serviced, MOT til May 2025, warranty included included parts and labour. £2850 from a dealership
Volkswagen Golf 2008 1.4 TSI GT Sport (77k miles, MOT til May 2025, FSH, serviced every 6000 miles and timing chain changed twice). £2750 - private seller
Would be interested to hear any other options that might be worth exploring.
Thanks all.

1. Bruno Sammartino (WWE): 2,803 Days: May 17th, 1963 - January 18th, 1971
2. Bob Backlund (WWE): 2,135 Days: February 20th, 1978 - December 26th, 1983
3. Hulk Hogan (WWE): 1,474 Days: January 23rd, 1984 - February 5th, 1988
4. Roman Reigns (UC): 1,316 Days: August 30th, 2020 - April 7th, 2024
5. Bruno Sammartino (WWE): 1,237 Days: December 10th, 1973 - April 30th, 1977
6. Pedro Morales (WWE): 1,027 Days: February 8th, 1971 - December 1st, 1973
7. Roman Reigns (WWE): 735 Days: April 3rd, 2022 - April 7th, 2024
8. Brock Lesnar (UC): 504 Days: April 2nd, 2017 - August 19th, 2018
9. Hulk Hogan (WCW): 469 Days: July 17th, 1994 - October 29th, 1995
10. CM Punk (WWE): 434 Days: November 20th, 2011 - January 27th, 2013
11. Shane Douglas (ECW): 406 Days: November 30th, 1997 - January 10th, 1999
12. John Cena (WWE): 380 Days: September 17th, 2006 - October 2nd, 2007
13. AJ Styles (WWE): 371 Days: November 7th, 2017 - November 13th, 2018
14. Randy Savage (WWE): 371 Days: March 27th, 1988 - April 2nd, 1989
15. Hulk Hogan (WWE): 364 Days: April 2nd, 1989 - April 1st, 1990
16. Hulk Hogan (WCW): 359 Days: August 10th, 1996 - August 4th, 1997
17. Diesel (WWE): 358 Days: November 26th, 1994 - November 19th, 1995
18. Seth "Freakin" Rollins (WHC): 316 Days: May 27th, 2023 - April 7th, 2024
19. Superstar Billy Graham (WWE): 296 Days: April 30th, 1977 - February 20th, 1978
20. Ultimate Warrior (WWE): 293 Days: April 1st, 1990 - January 19th, 1991
21. Vader (WCW): 285 Days: March 17th, 1993 - December 27th, 1993
22. Batista (WHT): 282 Days: April 3rd, 2005 - January 10th, 2006
23. John Cena (WWE): 280 Days: April 3rd, 2005 - January 8th, 2006
24. JBL (WWE): 280 Days: June 27th, 2004 - April 3rd, 2005
25. Triple H (WHT): 280 Days: December 15th, 2002 - September 21st, 2003
26. Yokozuna (WWE): 280 Days: June 13th, 1993 - March 20th, 1994
27. Tazz (ECW): 252 Days: January 10th, 1999 - September 19th, 1999
28. Raven (ECW): 252 Days: January 27th, 1996 - October 5th, 1996
29. Bret Hart (WWE): 248 Days: March 20th, 1994 - November 23rd, 1994
30. Hulk Hogan (WWE): 248 Days: March 24th, 1991 - November 27th, 1991
31. Shawn Michaels (WWE): 231 Days: March 31st, 1996 - November 17th, 1996
32. Shane Douglas (ECW): 231 Days: August 27th, 1994 - April 15th, 1995
33. Lex Luger (WCW): 230 Days: July 14th, 1991 - February 29th, 1992
34. Brock Lesnar (WWE): 224 Days: August 17th, 2014 - March 29th, 2015
35. Seth Rollins (WWE): 221 Days: March 29th, 2015 - November 5th, 2015
36. Sheamus (WHT): 210 Days: April 1st, 2012 - October 28th, 2012
37. Triple H (WWE): 210 Days: April 27th, 2008 - November 23rd, 2008
38. Christian (ECW): 205 Days: July 26th, 2009 - February 16th, 2010
39. Drew McIntyre (WWE): 203 Days: April 5th, 2020 - October 25th, 2020
40. Randy Orton (WWE): 203 Days: October 7th, 2007 - April 27th, 2008
41. Ric Flair (WCW): 202 Days: December 27th, 1993 - July 17th, 1994
42. Bobby Lashley (WWE): 196 Days: March 1st, 2021 - September 13th, 2021
43. The Sandman (ECW): 196 Days: April 15th, 1995 - October 28th, 1995
44. Kevin Owens (UC): 188 Days: August 29th, 2016 - March 5th, 2017
45. Brock Lesnar (WWE): 184 Days: October 4th, 2019 - April 5th, 2020
46. Kofi Kingston (WWE): 180 Days: April 7th, 2019 - October 4th, 2019
47. "Stone Cold" Steve Austin (WWE): 175 Days: April 1st, 2001 - September 23rd, 2001
48. Goldberg (WCW): 174 Days: July 6th, 1998 - December 27th, 1998
49. Bret Hart (WWE): 174 Days: October 12th, 1992 - April 4th, 1993
50. Ric Flair (WCW): 171 Days: January 11th, 1991 - July 1st, 1991
51. Jinder Mahal (WWE): 170 Days: May 21st, 2017 - November 7th, 2017
52. Justin Credible (ECW): 162 Days: April 22nd, 2000 - October 1st, 2000
53. Randy Orton (WWE): 161 Days: October 27th, 2013 - April 6th, 2014
54. The Miz (WWE): 160 Days: November 22nd, 2010 - May 1st, 2011
55. Brock Lesnar (UC): 156 Days: November 2nd, 2018 - April 7th, 2019
56. Kane (WHT): 154 Days: July 18th, 2010 - December 19th, 2010
57. Chris Benoit (WHT): 154 Days: March 14th, 2004 - August 15th, 2004
58. Big Show (ECW): 152 Days: July 4th, 2006 - December 3rd, 2006
59. Brock Lesnar (WWE): 150 Days: September 18th, 2003 - February 15th, 2004
60. Ron Simmons (WCW): 150 Days: August 2nd, 1992 - December 30th, 1992
61. Randy Savage (WWE): 149 Days: April 5th, 1992 - September 1st, 1992
62. Bobby Lashley (ECW): 147 Days: December 3rd, 2006 - April 29th, 2007
63. Daniel Bryan (WWE): 145 Days: November 13th, 2018 - April 7th, 2019
64. CM Punk (ECW): 143 Days: September 1st, 2007 - January 22nd, 2008
65. Braun Strowman (UC): 141 Days: April 4th, 2020 - August 23rd, 2020
66. Hulk Hogan (WCW): 141 Days: August 9th, 1997 - December 28th, 1997
67. AJ Styles (WWE): 140 Days: September 11th, 2016 - January 29th, 2017
68. Undertaker (WHT): 140 Days: October 4th, 2009 - February 21st, 2010
69. Shawn Michaels (WWE): 140 Days: November 9th, 1997 - March 29th, 1998
70. Sting (WCW): 134 Days: February 29th, 1992 - July 12th, 1992
71. Alberto Del Rio (WHT): 133 Days: June 16th, 2013 - October 27th, 2013
72. John Cena (WWE): 133 Days: April 7th, 2013 - August 18th, 2013
73. John Cena (WWE): 133 Days: January 29th, 2006 - June 11th, 2006
74. Eddie Guerrero (WWE): 133 Days: February 15th, 2004 - June 27th, 2004
75. Undertaker (WWE): 133 Days: March 23rd, 1997 - August 3rd, 1997
76. Bret Hart (WWE): 133 Days: November 19th, 1995 - March 31st, 1996
77. Matt Hardy (ECW): 128 Days: September 7th, 2008 - January 13th, 2009
78. Raven (ECW): 127 Days: December 7th, 1996 - April 13th, 1997
79. Batista (WHT): 126 Days: November 26th, 2006 - April 1st, 2007
80. King Booker (WHT): 126 Days: July 23rd, 2006 - November 26th, 2006
81. Kurt Angle (WWE): 126 Days: October 22nd, 2000 - February 25th, 2001
82. Booker T (WCW): 120 Days: March 26th, 2001 - July 24th, 2001
83. Scott Steiner (WCW): 120 Days: November 26th, 2000 - March 26th, 2001
84. Bray Wyatt (UC): 119 Days: October 31st, 2019 - February 27th, 2020
85. Brock Lesnar (WWE): 119 Days: March 30th, 2003 - July 27th, 2003
86. The Rock (WWE): 119 Days: June 25th, 2000 - October 22nd, 2000
87. Triple H (WWE): 118 Days: January 3rd, 2000 - April 30th, 2000
88. Terry Funk (ECW): 118 Days: April 13th, 1997 - August 9th, 1997
89. Rey Mysterio (WHT): 112 Days: April 2nd, 2006 - July 23rd, 2006
90. Mike Awesome (ECW): 112 Days: December 23rd, 1999 - April 13th, 2000
91. Big E (WWE): 110 Days: September 13th, 2021 - January 1st, 2022
92. The Giant (WCW): 110 Days: April 22nd, 1996 - August 10th, 1996
93. Daniel Bryan (WHT): 105 Days: December 18th, 2011 - April 1st, 2012
94. Edge (WHT): 105 Days: December 16th, 2007 - March 30th, 2008
95. Kurt Angle (WWE): 105 Days: December 15th, 2002 - March 30th, 2003
96. Jack Swagger (ECW): 103 Days: January 13th, 2009 - April 26th, 2009
97. Seth "Freakin" Rollins (UC): 98 Days: April 7th, 2019 - July 14th, 2019
98. Chris Jericho (WWE): 98 Days: December 9th, 2001 - March 17th, 2002
99. Bret Hart (WWE): 98 Days: August 3rd, 1997 - November 9th, 1997
100. Drew McIntyre (WWE): 97 Days: November 16th, 2020 - February 21st, 2021
101. Rhyno (ECW): 93 Days: January 7th, 2001 - April 10th, 2001
102. Mark Henry (WHT): 91 Days: September 18th, 2011 - December 18th, 2011
103. Sheamus (WWE): 91 Days: June 20th, 2010 - September 19th, 2010
104. Kane (ECW): 91 Days: March 30th, 2008 - June 29th, 2008
105. Batista (WHT): 91 Days: September 16th, 2007 - December 16th, 2007
106. Triple H (WHT): 91 Days: December 14th, 2003 - March 14th, 2004
107. "Stone Cold" Steve Austin (WWE): 91 Days: March 29th, 1998 - June 28th, 1998
108. Alberto Del Rio (WHT): 90 Days: January 8th, 2013 - April 8th, 2013
109. Randy Orton (WWE): 90 Days: June 15th, 2009 - September 13th, 2009
110. "Stone Cold" Steve Austin (WWE): 90 Days: June 29th, 1998 - September 27th, 1998
111. Mike Awesome (ECW): 89 Days: September 19th, 1999 - December 17th, 1999
112. Triple H (WHT): 85 Days: September 12th, 2004 - December 6th, 2004
113. Dean Ambrose (WWE): 84 Days: June 19th, 2016 - September 11th, 2016
114. John Cena (WWE): 84 Days: March 28th, 2010 - June 20th, 2010
115. John Cena (WHT): 84 Days: November 23rd, 2008 - February 15th, 2009
116. Triple H (WHT): 84 Days: January 9th, 2005 - April 3rd, 2005
117. Goldberg (WHT): 84 Days: September 21st, 2003 - December 14th, 2003
118. Brock Lesnar (WWE): 84 Days: August 25th, 2002 - November 17th, 2002
119. Kurt Angle (WHT): 82 Days: January 10th, 2006 - April 2nd, 2006
120. Seth "Freakin" Rollins (UC): 81 Days: August 11th, 2019 - October 31st, 2019
121. Jack Swagger (WHT): 79 Days: April 2nd, 2010 - June 20th, 2010
122. Roman Reigns (WWE): 77 Days: April 3rd, 2016 - June 19th, 2016
123. John Cena (WWE): 77 Days: May 1st, 2011 - July 17th, 2011
124. Hulk Hogan (WCW): 77 Days: April 20th, 1998 - July 6th, 1998
125. Ric Flair (WWE): 77 Days: January 19th, 1992 - April 5th, 1992
126. Edge (WWE): 76 Days: July 3rd, 2006 - September 17th, 2006
127. Triple H (WHT): 76 Days: September 2nd, 2002 - November 17th, 2002
128. Sid Vicious (WCW): 75 Days: January 26th, 2000 - April 10th, 2000
129. Big Show (WHT): 72 Days: October 28th, 2012 - January 8th, 2013
130. Randy Orton (WHT): 72 Days: May 6th, 2011 - July 17th, 2011
131. Ric Flair (WCW): 71 Days: February 11th, 1996 - April 22nd, 1996
132. Vader (WCW): 71 Days: December 30th, 1992 - March 11th, 1993
133. Triple H (WWE): 70 Days: January 24th, 2016 - April 3rd, 2016
134. The Rock (WWE): 70 Days: January 27th, 2013 - April 7th, 2013
135. Sheamus (WWE): 70 Days: December 13th, 2009 - February 21st, 2010
136. Triple H (WWE): 70 Days: February 15th, 2009 - April 26th, 2009
137. Mark Henry (ECW): 70 Days: June 29th, 2008 - September 7th, 2008
138. Edge (WHT): 70 Days: May 8th, 2007 - July 17th, 2007
139. Hulk Hogan (WWE): 70 Days: April 4th, 1993 - June 13th, 1993
140. Dolph Ziggler (WHT): 69 Days: April 8th, 2013 - June 16th, 2013
141. CM Punk (WHT): 69 Days: June 30th, 2008 - September 7th, 2008
142. Hulk Hogan (WCW): 69 Days: January 4th, 1999 - March 14th, 1999
143. Chavo Guerrero (ECW): 68 Days: January 22nd, 2008 - March 30th, 2008
144. John Morrison (ECW): 68 Days: June 25th, 2007 - September 1st, 2007
145. Roman Reigns (UC): 64 Days: August 19th, 2018 - October 22nd, 2018
146. Daniel Bryan (WWE): 64 Days: April 6th, 2014 - June 9th, 2014
147. Randy Orton (WWE): 64 Days: September 19th, 2010 - November 22nd, 2010
148. Sgt. Slaughter (WWE): 64 Days: January 19th, 1991 - March 24th, 1991
149. Undertaker (WWE): 63 Days: May 19th, 2002 - July 21st, 2002
150. The Rock (WCW): 63 Days: August 19th, 2001 - October 21st, 2001
151. Steve Corino (ECW): 63 Days: November 5th, 2000 - January 7th, 2001
152. Kevin Nash (WCW): 63 Days: May 9th, 1999 - July 11th, 1999
153. Sid (WWE): 63 Days: November 17th, 1996 - January 19th, 1997
154. The Sandman (ECW): 63 Days: October 5th, 1996 - December 7th, 1996
155. "Stone Cold" Steve Austin (WWE): 62 Days: October 8th, 2001 - December 9th, 2001
156. Hulk Hogan (WCW): 62 Days: July 12th, 1999 - September 12th, 1999
157. Edge (WHT): 61 Days: December 19th, 2010 - February 18th, 2011
158. The Great Khali (WHT): 61 Days: July 17th, 2007 - September 16th, 2007
159. Shane Douglas (ECW): 60 Days: August 17th, 1997 - October 16th, 1997
160. Edge (WHT): 56 Days: February 18th, 2011 - April 15th, 2011
161. "Stone Cold" Steve Austin (WWE): 56 Days: March 28th, 1999 - May 23rd, 1999
162. Sting (WCW): 56 Days: February 22nd, 1998 - April 19th, 1998
163. Cody Rhodes (WWE): 55 Days: April 7th, 2024 - June 1st, 2024
164. Cody Rhodes (UC): 55 Days: April 7th, 2024 - June 1st, 2024
165. Damian Priest (WHC): 55 Days: April 7th, 2024 - June 1st, 2024
166. Booker T (WCW): 55 Days: October 2nd, 2000 - November 26th, 2000
167. "Stone Cold" Steve Austin (WWE): 55 Days: June 28th, 1999 - August 22nd, 1999
168. Kurt Angle (WWE): 53 Days: July 27th, 2003 - September 18th, 2003
169. Booker T (WCW): 50 Days: July 9th, 2000 - August 28th, 2000
170. Big Show (WWE): 50 Days: November 14th, 1999 - January 3rd, 2000
171. The Rock (WWE): 50 Days: November 15th, 1998 - January 4th, 1999
172. Randy Orton (WWE): 49 Days: April 2nd, 2017 - May 21st, 2017
173. Bray Wyatt (WWE): 49 Days: February 12th, 2017 - April 2nd, 2017
174. John Cena (WWE): 49 Days: June 29th, 2014 - August 17th, 2014
175. John Cena (WHT): 49 Days: October 27th, 2013 - December 15th, 2013
176. Alberto Del Rio (WWE): 49 Days: October 2nd, 2011 - November 20th, 2011
177. John Cena (WWE): 49 Days: October 25th, 2009 - December 13th, 2009
178. CM Punk (WHT): 49 Days: June 7th, 2009 - July 26th, 2009
179. Tommy Dreamer (ECW): 49 Days: June 7th, 2009 - July 26th, 2009
180. Edge (WHT): 49 Days: February 15th, 2009 - April 5, 2009
181. Chris Jericho (WHT): 49 Days: September 7th, 2008 - October 26th, 2008
182. Triple H (WWE): 49 Days: September 26th, 1999 - November 14th, 1999
183. The Sandman (ECW): 49 Days: December 9th, 1995 - January 27th, 1996
184. Bam Bam Bigelow (ECW): 45 Days: October 16th, 1997 - November 30th, 1997
185. Brock Lesnar (WWE): 43 Days: February 19th, 2022 - April 3rd, 2022
186. Sting (WCW): 43 Days: September 12th, 1999 - October 25th, 1999
187. CM Punk (WHT): 42 Days: August 23rd, 2009 - October 4th, 2009
188. Randy Orton (WWE): 42 Days: April 26th, 2009 - June 7th, 2009
189. Edge (WHT): 42 Days: April 26th, 2009 - June 7th, 2009
190. Christian (ECW): 42 Days: April 26th, 2009 - June 7th, 2009
191. Jeff Hardy (WWE): 42 Days: December 14th, 2008 - January 25th, 2009
192. Mikey Whipwreck (ECW): 42 Days: October 28th, 1995 - December 9th, 1995
193. Roman Reigns (WWE): 41 Days: December 14th, 2015 - January 24th, 2016
194. Jeff Jarrett (WCW): 41 Days: May 29th, 2000 - July 9th, 2000
195. The Rock (WWE): 41 Days: February 15th, 1999 - March 28th, 1999
196. Ric Flair (WWE): 41 Days: September 1st, 1992 - October 12th, 1992
197. Chris Jericho (WHT): 40 Days: February 21st, 2010 - April 2nd, 2010
198. Goldberg (UC): 37 Days: February 27th, 2020 - April 4th, 2020
199. Undertaker (WHT): 37 Days: April 1st, 2007 - May 8th, 2007
200. Undertaker (WWE): 36 Days: May 23rd, 1999 - June 28th, 1999
201. Albert Del Rio (WWE): 35 Days: August 14th, 2011 - September 18th, 2011
202. Randy Orton (WHT): 35 Days: August 14th, 2011 - September 18th, 2011
203. Batista (WWE): 35 Days: February 21st, 2010 - March 28th, 2010
204. Mr. McMahon (ECW): 35 Days: April 29th, 2007 - June 3rd, 2007
205. The Rock (WWE): 35 Days: July 21st, 2002 - August 25th, 2002
206. Triple H (WWE): 35 Days: March 17th, 2002 - April 21st, 2002
207. The Rock (WWE): 35 Days: February 25th, 2001 - April 1st, 2001
208. Jerry Lynn (ECW): 35 Days: October 1st, 2000 - November 5th, 2000
209. Triple H (WWE): 35 Days: May 21st, 2000 - June 25th, 2000
210. The Rock (WCW): 34 Days: November 5th, 2001 - December 9th, 2001
211. Sid (WWE): 34 Days: February 17th, 1997 - March 23rd, 1997
212. Undertaker (WHT): 33 Days: March 30th, 2008 - May 2nd, 2008
213. Randy Savage (WCW): 31 Days: November 26th, 1995 - December 27th, 1995
214. Edge (WHT): 29 Days: June 1st, 2008 - June 30th, 2008
215. Bret Hart (WCW): 29 Days: November 21st, 1999 - December 20th, 1999
216. Brock Lesnar (WWE): 28 Days: January 1st, 2022 - January 29th, 2022
217. Brock Lesnar (UC): 28 Days: July 14th, 2019 - August 11th, 2019
218. Goldberg (UC): 28 Days: March 5th, 2017 - April 2nd, 2017
219. Randy Orton (WWE): 28 Days: August 18th, 2013 - September 15th, 2013
220. CM Punk (WWE): 28 Days: July 17th, 2011 - August 14th, 2011
221. Christian (WHT): 28 Days: July 17th, 2011 - August 14th, 2011
222. Rey Mysterio (WHT): 28 Days: June 20th, 2010 - July 18th, 2010
223. Jeff Hardy (WHT): 28 Days: July 26th, 2009 - August 23rd, 2009
224. Randy Orton (WHT): 28 Days: August 15th, 2004 - September 12th, 2004
225. Big Show (WWE): 28 Days: November 17th, 2002 - December 15th, 2002
226. Shawn Michaels (WHT): 28 Days: November 17th, 2002 - December 15th, 2002
227. Hollywood Hogan (WWE): 28 Days: April 21st, 2002 - May 19th, 2002
228. Ric Flair (WCW): 28 Days: March 14th, 1999 - April 11th, 1999
229. The Iron Sheik (WWE): 28 Days: December 26th, 1983 - January 23rd, 1984
230. Bret Hart (WCW): 27 Days: December 20th, 1999 - January 16th, 2000
231. Ric Flair (WCW): 26 Days: December 27th, 1995 - January 22nd, 1996
232. Shawn Michaels (WWE): 25 Days: January 19th, 1997 - February 13th, 1997
233. Triple H (WWE): 24 Days: August 23rd, 1999 - September 16th, 1999
234. Randy Orton (WWE): 22 Days: October 25th, 2020 - November 16th, 2020
235. Sheamus (WWE): 22 Days: November 22nd, 2015 - December 14th, 2015
236. Rob Van Dam (WWE): 22 Days: June 11th, 2006 - July 3rd, 2006
237. Buddy Rogers (WWE): 22 Days: April 25th, 1963 - May 17th, 1963
238. Bobby Lashley (WWE): 21 Days: January 29th, 2022 - February 19th, 2022
239. Randy Orton (WWE): 21 Days: October 4th, 2009 - October 25th, 2009
240. John Cena (WWE): 21 Days: September 13th, 2009 - October 4th, 2009
241. John Cena (WHT): 21 Days: April 5th, 2009 - April 26th, 2009
242. Edge (WWE): 21 Days: January 25th, 2009 - February 15th, 2009
243. Edge (WWE): 21 Days: November 23rd, 2008 - December 14th, 2008
244. Rob Van Dam (ECW): 21 Days: June 13th, 2006 - July 4th, 2006
245. Edge (WWE): 21 Days: January 8th, 2006 - January 29th, 2006
246. The Rock (WWE): 21 Days: April 30th, 2000 - May 21st, 2000
247. Vader (WCW): 21 Days: July 12th, 1992 - August 2nd, 1992
248. Ivan Koloff (WWE): 21 Days: January 18th, 1971 - February 8th, 1971
249. John Cena (WWE): 20 Days: July 25th, 2011 - August 14th, 2011
250. Chris Jericho (WHT): 20 Days: November 3rd, 2008 - November 23rd, 2008
251. Booker T (WCW): 20 Days: July 30th, 2001 - August 19th, 2001
252. Kevin Nash (WCW): 20 Days: August 28th, 2000 - September 17th, 2000
253. Mankind (WWE): 20 Days: January 4th, 1999 - January 24th, 1999
254. Randy Savage (WCW): 20 Days: January 22nd, 1996 - February 11th, 1996
255. Chris Jericho (WCW): 15 Days: October 21st, 2001 - November 5th, 2001
256. Kurt Angle (WWE): 15 Days: September 23rd, 2001 - October 8th, 2001
257. Diamond Dallas Page (WCW): 15 Days: April 11th, 1999 - April 26th, 1999
258. Mankind (WWE): 15 Days: January 31st, 1999 - February 15th, 1999
259. John Cena (WWE): 14 Days: January 29th, 2017 - February 12th, 2017
260. John Cena (WWE): 14 Days: September 18th, 2011 - October 2nd, 2011
261. Diamond Dallas Page (WCW): 13 Days: April 26th, 1999 - May 9th, 1999
262. David Arquette (WCW): 12 Days: April 25th, 2000 - May 7th, 2000
263. Sting (WCW): 11 Days: December 28th, 1997 - January 8th, 1998
264. Tazz (ECW): 9 Days: April 13th, 2000 - April 22nd, 2000
265. Stan Stasiak (WWE): 9 Days: December 1st, 1973 - December 10th, 1973
266. The Miz (WWE): 8 Days: February 21st, 2021 - March 1st, 2021
267. Batista (WHT): 8 Days: October 26th, 2008 - November 3rd, 2008
268. Bobby Lashley (ECW): 8 Days: June 3rd, 2007 - June 11th, 2007
269. Booker T (WCW): 8 Days: September 17th, 2000 - September 25th, 2000
270. Jeff Jarrett (WCW): 8 Days: May 7th, 2000 - May 15th, 2000
271. Jeff Jarrett (WCW): 8 Days: April 16th, 2000 - April 24th, 2000
272. Kevin Nash (WCW): 8 Days: December 27th, 1998 - January 4th, 1999
273. Sabu (ECW): 8 Days: August 9th, 1997 - August 17th, 1997
274. The Giant (WCW): 8 Days: October 29th, 1995 - November 6th, 1995
275. Bray Wyatt (UC): 7 Days: August 23rd, 2020 - August 30th, 2020
276. Vince Russo (WCW): 7 Days: September 25th, 2000 - October 2nd, 2000
277. Ric Flair (WCW): 7 Days: May 15th, 2000 - May 22nd, 2000
278. The Rock (WWE): 7 Days: January 24th, 1999 - January 31st, 1999
279. Kurt Angle (WCW): 6 Days: July 24th, 2001 - July 30th, 2001
280. Masato Tanaka (ECW): 6 Days: December 17th, 1999 - December 23rd, 1999
281. Sting (WCW): 6 Days: March 11th, 1993 - March 17th, 1993
282. Undertaker (WWE): 6 Days: November 27th, 1991 - December 3rd, 1991
283. Christian (WHT): 5 Days: May 1st, 2011 - May 6th, 2011
284. Kevin Nash (WCW): 5 Days: May 24th, 2000 - May 29th, 2000
285. Lex Luger (WCW): 5 Days: August 4th, 1997 - August 9th, 1997
286. Mr. McMahon (WWE): 4 Days: September 16th, 1999 - September 20th, 1999
287. Sting (WCW): 3 Days: April 26th, 1999 - April 29th, 1999
288. Bob Backlund (WWE): 3 Days: November 23rd, 1994 - November 26th, 1994
289. Batista (WWE): 2 Days: June 7th, 2009 - June 9th, 2009
290. Jeff Jarrett (WCW): 2 Days: May 22nd, 2000 - May 24th, 2000
291. Sid Vicious (WCW): 2 Days: January 24th, 2000 - January 26th, 2000
292. Finn Balor (UC): 1 Day: August 21st, 2016 - August 22nd, 2016
293. Daniel Bryan (WWE): 1 Day: September 15th, 2013 - September 16th, 2013
294. Diamond Dallas Page (WCW): 1 Day: April 24th, 2000 - April 25th, 2000
295. Chris Benoit (WCW): 1 Day: January 16th, 2000 - January 17th, 2000
296. Mankind (WWE): 1 Day: August 22nd, 1999 - August 23rd, 1999
297. Randy Savage (WCW): 1 Day: July 11th, 1999 - July 12th, 1999
298. Kane (WWE): 1 Day: June 28th, 1999 - June 29th, 1999
299. Randy Savage (WCW): 1 Day: April 19th, 1998 - April 20th, 1998
300. Bret Hart (WWE): 1 Day: February 16th, 1997 - February 17th, 1997
301. Hulk Hogan (WWE): 1 Day: December 3rd, 1991 - December 4th, 1991
302. Drew McIntyre (WHC): 0 Days: April 7th, 2024
303. Seth "Freakin" Rollins (WWE): 0 Days: June 19th, 2016
304. Roman Reigns (WWE): 0 Days: November 22nd, 2015
305. Randy Orton (WHT): 0 Days: December 15th, 2013
306. Daniel Bryan (WWE): 0 Days: August 18th, 2013
307. Big Show (WHT): 0 Days: December 18th, 2011
308. Rey Mysterio (WWE): 0 Days: July 25th, 2011
309. Dolph Ziggler (WHT): 0 Days: February 18th, 2011
310. John Cena (WWE): 0 Days: February 21st, 2010
311. Ezekiel Jackson (ECW): 0 Days: February 16th, 2010
312. Jeff Hardy (WHT): 0 Days: June 7th, 2009
313. Triple H (WWE): 0 Days: October 7th, 2007
314. Randy Orton (WWE): 0 Days: October 7th, 2007
315. Chris Jericho (WCW): 0 Days: December 9th, 2001
316. The Sandman (ECW): 0 Days: January 7th, 2001
317. Ric Flair (WCW): 0 Days: May 29th, 2000
318. Tommy Dreamer (ECW): 0 Days: April 22nd, 2000
319. Yokozuna (WWE): 0 Days: April 4th, 1993
320. Andre the Giant (WWE): 0 Days: February 5th, 1988

Every single day there is a question from someone here saying "where do I start for AWS Solutions Architect Associate" when there are a few hundred articles from those who passed already.
So here is a master list of resources to help those who have this question.
Cloud Practitioner version of this is here
If you find this post useful - upvote. I am happy to take feedback / suggestions / changes etc - please comment!

tl;dr

1. Get 1 video course and watch it end to end - the subreddit favourites are below / scroll down further for links
   • I cannot afford any courses / need a free option - get Andrew Brown's YouTube course
   • I want to just learn bare minimum to pass exam - Stephane Maarek on Udemy
   • I really want to learn this AWS and cloud stuff well and be good at it - Adrian Cantrill
2. Read whitepapers / review new announcements from re:Invent 2023
3. Do one decent set of practice exams from one provider- subreddit favourites below / scroll down further for links
   • Tutorialsdojo (personal favourite - I passed ALL my exams using "TD")
   • Udemy (Stephane Maarek)

Take and Pass exam!

Subreddit Search

Following my own usual guidance, you can always use the subreddit search feature and read articles from everyone in the last month who posted about this exam / passed it. There is a wealth of detail / experience here to learn from :
Link : https://www.reddit.com/AWSCertifications/search/?q=saa+solutions+architect+associate+pass&type=link&t=month

Exam Details

If you have absolutely no clue about the exam - start here.
The exam code is SAA-C03
AWS page with all the details : https://aws.amazon.com/certification/certified-solutions-architect-associate/
Always read the Exam Guide (tells you whats in / out of scope) : https://d1.awsstatic.com/training-and-certification/docs-sa-assoc/AWS-Certified-Solutions-Architect-Associate_Exam-Guide.pdf

Minimum Viable Path to Certification

Most people usually need 3 things to pass the exam

1. A single video based course introducing AWS and all the key exam topics

Typically these are courses where someone reads from some slides, shows you the AWS console and how to use it and then gives you tips on what to remember - there are free and paid versions of these.

1. Additional material on key topics.

For SAA-C03 - there are some recommended whitepapers on WAF and also since 6 months have passed since the last re:Invent 2023 - any of the major announcements from then now are in scope for the exam. You wont see too many new things but there is a chance there are some random questions that were not covered in any practice exam / course.

1. One good quality practice exam

Note : do not fall for some random "dump" found on internet or a file your mate gave you to study.
Also note - you do NOT need more than 1 of each category. You can buy more than one practice exam for sure but doing one is enough IMHO.

1. Video Courses

Free Video based Courses

Free from AWS's own training service (Skillbuilder) :
There is an "Exam Prep" course from Skillbuilder but note that this just covers the high level domains but is not a comprehensive deep dive.
https://explore.skillbuilder.aws/learn/course/external/view/elearning/14760/exam-prep-aws-certified-solutions-architect-associate-saa-c03
Optional : There is a slightly extended version of this in the paid tier with additional exam-style questions, flashcards and more importantly FREE hands on labs and the official practice exam.
https://explore.skillbuilder.aws/learn/course/external/view/elearning/14776/exam-prep-aws-certified-solutions-architect-associate-saa-c03-with-practice-material
There is a 7 day (extended to 10 days sometimes) free trial for the paid tier which can help you cram this. You can subscribe, immediately cancel but still enjoy 7 days free.
Please note that this course is not enough on its own to pass and you may want to try additional material below.
YouTube based video course
This course below is a better alternative to the SkillBuilder course above but is about 50 hours.
Andrew Brown is an AWS community hero who runs his own training site called exampro.co but offers most of the material for free on FreeCodeCamp's YouTube channel.
The 2024 refresh of the SAA course is here : https://youtu.be/c3Cn4xYfxJY
Andrew also has additional (free / paid) content on his site to check out.

PAID Video based courses

Adrian Cantrill's courses :
Adrian Cantrill is an independent content creator and has his own site from where you can obtain courses.
His courses go above and beyond what the exam needs and this is exactly why the community loves these courses as you get more practical knowledge than just cramming for the exam. The additional coverage means these courses are longer and not as cheap as other courses that cover just the exam material but in the general opinion of everyone who has taken the course it is absolutely worth it.
Link : https://learn.cantrill.io/
Udemy Courses :
Udemy is a marketplace for courses created by independent authors.
Two of the well known authors are mentioned below but please note that Udemy's pricing model can be a bit weird. One day it may show 150 USD for a course and another day 15 USD. This price it high and discount it heavily model catches out most people - so NEVER pay more than USD 20 for anything on Udemy.
Just wait for a day or so and prices may change. Opening Udemy in another incognito browser etc usually yields a different price or follow the authors on social media for codes that shrink the cost.
Stephane Maarek :
Go via his site : https://courses.datacumulus.com/ for links to his Solutions Architect Associate with the best available coupon.
Neil Davis :
https://www.udemy.com/course/aws-certified-solutions-architect-associate-hands-on/
Either one of these Udemy courses is sufficient. You still need to combine it with practice exams but you do not need more than 1 video course.
Other sites :
Exampro.co
As mentioned above Andrew Brown has his own site with additional material over his YouTube course.
Cloud Academy
https://cloudacademy.com/learning-paths/aws-solutions-architect-associate-saa-c03-certification-preparation-for-aws-1-7446/ has both a learning plan and a practice exam at the end.

2. Additional Material

I will update this section soon with some additional guidance soon as I am not happy yet (please let me know in comments if there are key additional coverage I should include) - I am scouring recent exam pass posts to see whats current and also want to add links to re:Invent 2023 announcements. I also am thinking of adding in links to "cheat sheets" / docs - let me know if this would be useful.
WAF - Well Architected Framework
https://aws.amazon.com/architecture/well-architected/
You need to know at some decent depth on what the pillars are and what they do.
Read the whitpapers from https://aws.amazon.com/whitepapers/
Specifically I found the Reliability and Cost Optimization white papers very useful.

3. Practice Exams

Please do NOT fall for "dumps" - if anyone offers you the EXACT list of AWS questions or guarantees the question bank matches the exam - these are dumps. The links below are either official or well regarded sources.
Free :
AWS skillbuilder has one free official exam with just 20 free questions.
To be honest its not really worth it - you can search for "Official practic exam skillbuilder SAA-C03" using your favourite search engine to find it.
exampro.co
Has 1 free practice exam you can sign up to.
Paid :
Official Practice exam
https://explore.skillbuilder.aws/learn/course/external/view/elearning/13593/exam-prep-official-practice-exam-aws-certified-solutions-architect-associate-saa-c03-english - there is a free 7 day trial available for you to use as this exam may not be worth a month's subscription fee
Tutorialsdojo.com
Highly recommended independent resource for practice exam questions with a very useful "review mode" and every question comes with detailed explanations on answers
Udemy
Stephane Maarek : again go via his site : https://courses.datacumulus.com/
Neal Davis : https://www.udemy.com/course/aws-certified-solutions-architect-associate-hands-on/
Other popular sites :
Exampro.co
Andrew Brown has I believe 3 practice exams as well on his site. One is free - the other two you pay for.
Whizlabs
I havent used them personally but https://www.whizlabs.com/aws-solutions-architect-associate/
Cloud Academy
https://cloudacademy.com/learning-paths/aws-solutions-architect-associate-saa-c03-certification-preparation-for-aws-1-7446/ has both a learning plan and a practice exam at the end.

Not Recommended sites :

Sites that are sadly NOT recommended anymore - Avoid A Cloud Guru / Pluralsight as their courses are not considered the best anymore. They used to be leaders but somehow have fallen behind and their subscription model doesnt work in a world with cheap one time purchase courses.
If you want a sandbox to experiment - then ACG offers one but so do Whizlabs and Tutorialsdojo.

Optional / Complementary material

I have an article where you can find complementary / alternatives to the Solutions Architect Exam - most are free and includes the "AWS Knowledge : Architecting Free Digital Badge"
https://www.reddit.com/AWSCertifications/comments/1d1o522/no_payment_options_to_learn_aws_with_digital/
This material isnt exam focused but if you want some free alternatives / cannot afford to pay for the exam - then check out the link.

FAQ

1. Do I need ALL this material?

No. Just one of each is fine. Example : just Adrian's Course + tutorialsdojo

1. Do I really need to do hands on work?

Yes - it is recommended that you get some hands on work at the Associate level. You can use one of the sandboxes but be careful using your own free tier account that you dont end up with leaving resources running too long and getting a big bill. Always secure your account and set billing alarms and dont create an account till you know how to do these!

1. Where can I find vouchers for the exam?

Check this thread : https://www.reddit.com/AWSCertifications/comments/18woit6/2024_aws_vouchers_exam_discounts_othe?utm_source=share&utm_medium=web3x&utm_name=web3xcss&utm_term=1&utm_content=share_button

1. Can I cheat my way using Dumps that I found online / my mate gave me / found on GitHub / YouTube?

Using dumps there is a high chance you fail and/or get caught / banned - the risk isnt worth it. Stick with genuine resources.

1. Can I pass with just free resources as I cannot afford the resources?

Its possible but please it is recommended to atleast spend on decent practice exams. If you cannot afford the exam / resources - just get the free digital badges (Architecting) for the interim

1. I skipped CCP / CLF - is that okay?

Yes - its okay to have skipped the foundational level - almost all the courses above teach you from scratch.

1. Can someone who is new to IT do this exam?

Yes - Many people start from scratch and get to the Associate level. Just make sure you are investing the time required.

1. Is it worth it?

Plenty of threads on this subreddit covering this. You have to make up your own mind if its worth it to you or not.

1. Do I need to do coding?

While there is no coding involved in the course - knowing how to use the AWS CLI / being able to do some basic scripting would be very helpful anyway. You can also use free tools like CoPilot / Code Whisperer to help you with pieces you struggle with.

1. Can I use ChatGPT / Amazon Q etc to learn?

Many of these Generative AI tools can still give you incorrect answers. So do not rely on them fully. If it helps you to quickly get the concept, use them but make sure to double check the results against official docs.

1. Are there books to learn from instead of videos?

Books get out of date too quickly and I do not recommend learning from them. However there is an official Sybex Guide to the exam. Tutorialsdojo and Neal Davis (Digital Cloud) also have an ebook. You can google for links to these.
Good Luck folks!

TradingView.com.com is a popular online platform that provides a comprehensive suite of tools and resources for traders, investors, and analysts to analyze and trade financial markets. In this chapter, we will provide an overview of TradingView.com, its features, and its benefits, setting the stage for a deeper dive into the platform's capabilities in subsequent chapters.

What is TradingView.com?

TradingView.com is a cloud-based platform that enables users to analyze and trade financial markets, including stocks, forex, futures, and cryptocurrencies. Founded in 2011, TradingView.com has grown to become one of the largest and most popular trading communities in the world, with over 10 million registered users.

Key Features of TradingView.com

TradingView.com offers a wide range of features that make it an attractive platform for traders and analysts. Some of the key features include:
1. Charting and Technical Analysis: TradingView.com provides a powerful charting platform that allows users to create custom charts with various indicators, drawing tools, and annotations. Users can also access a vast library of pre-built indicators and templates.
2. Backtesting and Paper Trading: TradingView.com allows users to backtest and paper trade their strategies using historical data, enabling them to refine their trading ideas and test their performance.
3. Community and Social Trading: TradingView.com has a large and active community of users who share their ideas, strategies, and insights. Users can follow other traders, participate in discussions, and share their own ideas and insights.
4. Alerts and Notifications: TradingView.com provides a robust alert system that allows users to set custom alerts based on market conditions, technical indicators, and other criteria.
5. Data Feeds: TradingView.com offers a range of data feeds, including real-time and historical data, for various markets and instruments.
6. Scripting and Automation: TradingView.com's PineScript language allows users to create custom indicators, strategies, and automated trading systems.
7. Mobile Apps: TradingView.com offers mobile apps for iOS and Android devices, enabling users to access the platform on-the-go.

Benefits of Using TradingView.com

TradingView.com offers several benefits to its users, including:
1. Improved Trading Decisions: TradingView.com's charting and analysis tools enable users to make more informed trading decisions.
2. Access to a Large Community: TradingView.com's community provides users with access to a vast network of traders, analysts, and experts.
3. Customization and Automation: TradingView.com's scripting and automation capabilities allow users to create custom strategies and automate their trading.
4. Real-time Data and Alerts: TradingView.com's real-time data and alert system enable users to stay up-to-date with market movements and react quickly to market changes.
5. Cost-Effective: TradingView.com offers a range of pricing plans, including a free version, making it an accessible platform for traders and analysts.

Conclusion

In this chapter, we have provided an overview of TradingView.com, its features, and its benefits. TradingView.com is a powerful platform that offers a range of tools and resources for traders, analysts, and investors. Whether you are a seasoned trader or just starting out, TradingView.com provides a comprehensive suite of tools to help you analyze and trade financial markets. In the next chapter, we will delve deeper into the charting and technical analysis capabilities of TradingView.com.

Chapter 2: Creating an Account and Setting Up Your Profile

As a new user, creating an account and setting up your profile is the first step in exploring the world of [Platform/Service]. In this chapter, we will guide you through a step-by-step process to create an account and set up your profile, ensuring a seamless and enjoyable experience.

Section 1: Creating an Account

To create an account, follow these steps:
1. Visit the Sign-up Page: Go to the [Platform/Service] website and click on the "Sign Up" or "Create an Account" button. This will take you to the sign-up page.
2. Enter Your Email Address: Enter a valid email address to serve as your login credentials. Make sure to use a unique and memorable email address, as it will be used to reset your password if needed.
3. Choose a Username: Choose a unique and memorable username that will be used to identify you on the platform. This can be your real name, a nickname, or a combination of letters and numbers.
4. Create a Password: Create a strong and unique password for your account. A strong password should be at least 8 characters long and include a mix of uppercase and lowercase letters, numbers, and special characters.
5. Confirm Your Password: Re-enter your password to confirm it. This ensures that you have entered the correct password.
6. Verify Your Account: Click on the "Create Account" button to create your account. You will receive an email verification link to verify your email address.

Section 2: Setting Up Your Profile

Once you have created your account, it's time to set up your profile. Follow these steps:
1. Fill Out Your Profile Information: Fill out your profile information, including your name, birthday, and location. This information will be used to personalize your experience and connect with other users.
2. Add a Profile Picture: Upload a profile picture that represents you. This can be a photo of yourself, a logo, or an avatar.
3. Add a Bio: Write a brief bio that describes yourself, your interests, or your expertise. This will help others get to know you better and find common ground.
4. Customize Your Profile Settings: Customize your profile settings to control what information is visible to others and what notifications you receive.
5. Connect with Others: Start connecting with other users by sending friend requests or joining groups related to your interests.

Tips and Best Practices

· Use a strong and unique password for your account.
· Keep your profile information up-to-date and accurate.
· Be cautious when sharing personal information or connecting with strangers.
· Use the platform's built-in features to block or report suspicious or inappropriate behavior.
· Respect other users' privacy and boundaries.

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully created an account and set up your profile. You are now ready to explore the world of [Platform/Service] and start connecting with others. Remember to keep your account information secure, be respectful of others, and have fun exploring the platform. In the next chapter, we will dive deeper into the features and functionality of [Platform/Service].

Chapter 3: Navigating the TradingView.com

Interface

As a trader or investor, it's essential to understand the TradingView.com interface to get the most out of this powerful platform. In this chapter, we'll take a comprehensive tour of the TradingView.com interface and its various components. By the end of this chapter, you'll be well-versed in navigating the platform and ready to start exploring its features.

Section 1: The TradingView.com

Dashboard

The TradingView.com dashboard is the main hub of the platform, providing an overview of your account, market data, and other essential features. Let's break down the key components of the dashboard:
1. Header Bar: The header bar at the top of the screen displays your username, account balance, and other account information.
2. Navigation Menu: The navigation menu allows you to access various sections of the platform, including your watchlists, charts, and settings.
3. Market Data: The market data section provides real-time quotes for various assets, including stocks, forex, and cryptocurrencies.
4. Alerts: The alerts section allows you to set custom alerts for specific market conditions, such as price movements or news events.
5. Watchlists: The watchlists section enables you to create and manage custom lists of symbols, making it easy to track your favorite assets.

Section 2: Charting and Analysis

TradingView.com is renowned for its powerful charting capabilities, allowing you to create custom charts with various indicators, studies, and drawing tools. Let's explore the key features of the charting interface:
1. Chart Types: TradingView.com offers a range of chart types, including line charts, candlestick charts, and Renko charts.
2. Indicators: The platform comes with a vast library of built-in indicators, including moving averages, RSI, and Bollinger Bands.
3. Drawing Tools: The drawing tools allow you to annotate your charts with lines, shapes, and text.
4. Studies: Studies are custom indicators created by the TradingView.com community, offering a wide range of trading strategies and techniques.
5. PineScript: PineScript is a programming language used to create custom indicators and strategies.

Section 3: Community and Social Trading

TradingView.com is more than just a trading platform – it's a community-driven platform where traders and investors share ideas, strategies, and insights. Let's explore the community features:
1. PineCoders: PineCoders is a community of developers who create custom indicators and strategies using PineScript.
2. TradingView.com Blog: The TradingView.com blog features articles, analysis, and insights from experienced traders and investors.
3. TradingView.com Forum: The forum is a hub for discussion, debate, and learning, where traders and investors share their experiences and ask questions.
4. Watchlists: Watchlists allow you to share your favorite symbols with others, making it easy to collaborate and learn from each other.
5. PineScript Challenges: PineScript challenges are community-driven initiatives where developers create custom indicators and strategies, and the community votes on the best submissions.

Section 4: Customization and Settings

As you become more comfortable with the TradingView.com interface, you'll want to customize your experience to suit your needs. Let's explore the customization options:
1. Theme: TradingView.com offers a range of themes, allowing you to personalize the look and feel of the platform.
2. Layout: The layout options enable you to customize the arrangement of the platform's components, such as the chart, indicators, and alerts.
3. Notifications: The notification settings allow you to customize the types of notifications you receive, including market data updates and alert notifications.
4. Security: The security settings enable you to set up two-factor authentication, password recovery, and other security measures to protect your account.

Conclusion

Navigating the TradingView.com interface is an essential step in unlocking the full potential of this powerful platform. By understanding the various components of the dashboard, charting and analysis tools, community features, and customization options, you'll be well-equipped to start exploring the platform and developing your trading skills. In the next chapter, we'll dive deeper into the world of PineScript, exploring the programming language and its applications in trading and investing.

Chapter 4: Understanding Charts and Time Frames

In this chapter, we will delve into the world of charts and time frames, a fundamental concept in technical analysis. We will explore the different types of charts, time frames, and how to use them effectively on TradingView.com. By the end of this chapter, you will have a solid understanding of how to use charts and time frames to analyze and trade the markets.

What are Charts and Time Frames?

Charts and time frames are the foundation of technical analysis. A chart is a graphical representation of a security's price action over a specific period. Time frames, on the other hand, refer to the duration of the data displayed on the chart. In other words, time frames determine how much data is displayed on the chart and how often the data is updated.

Types of Charts

There are several types of charts, each with its own strengths and weaknesses. The most common types of charts are:
1. Line Chart: A line chart connects the closing prices of a security over a specific period, creating a continuous line. This chart is useful for identifying trends and patterns.
2. Candlestick Chart: A candlestick chart displays the high, low, open, and close prices of a security over a specific period. Each candle represents a specific time period, and the color of the candle indicates whether the price closed higher or lower than the previous day's close.
3. Bar Chart: A bar chart is similar to a candlestick chart but does not display the open and close prices. Instead, it shows the high and low prices, as well as the open and close prices.
4. Renko Chart: A Renko chart is a type of chart that uses a unique algorithm to create a chart that is not based on time. Instead, it uses price movements to create a chart that is more focused on the price action.

Time Frames

Time frames determine the duration of the data displayed on the chart. Common time frames include:
1. 1-minute: A 1-minute chart displays the price action over a 1-minute period.
2. 5-minute: A 5-minute chart displays the price action over a 5-minute period.
3. 15-minute A 15-minute chart displays the price action over a 15-minute period.
4. 30-minute: A 30-minute chart displays the price action over a 30-minute period.
5. 1-hour: A 1-hour chart displays the price action over a 1-hour period.
6. 4-hour: A 4-hour chart displays the price action over a 4-hour period.
7. Daily: A daily chart displays the price action over a 1-day period.
8. Weekly: A weekly chart displays the price action over a 1-week period.
9. Monthly: A monthly chart displays the price action over a 1-month period.

Using Charts and Time Frames on TradingView.com

TradingView.com is a popular platform for charting and analyzing financial markets. Here's how to use charts and time frames on TradingView.com:
1. Creating a Chart: To create a chart on TradingView.com, go to the "Charts" tab and select the security you want to chart. Choose the chart type and time frame you want to use.
2. Customizing the Chart: Once you have created a chart, you can customize it by adding indicators, drawing tools, and other features.
3. Switching Time Frames: To switch time frames on TradingView.com, click on the "Time Frame" dropdown menu and select the desired time frame.
4. Zooming In and Out: To zoom in and out of a chart on TradingView.com, use the mouse wheel or the "Zoom" button.

Conclusion

In this chapter, we have covered the basics of charts and time frames, including the different types of charts and time frames. We have also explored how to use charts and time frames on TradingView.com. By mastering charts and time frames, you will be able to analyze and trade the markets more effectively. In the next chapter, we will explore the importance of indicators and how to use them to make informed trading decisions.

Chapter 5: Technical Indicators and Studies

In this chapter, we will delve into the world of technical indicators and studies available on TradingView.com. As a trader, it is essential to understand the various indicators and studies that can be used to analyze and predict market movements. This chapter will provide an overview of the different types of technical indicators and studies available on TradingView.com, their uses, and how to apply them in your trading strategy.

What are Technical Indicators and Studies?

Technical indicators and studies are mathematical calculations based on historical price data that help traders identify trends, patterns, and potential trading opportunities. These indicators and studies can be used to analyze and predict market movements, making it easier to make informed trading decisions.

Types of Technical Indicators and Studies

There are numerous types of technical indicators and studies available on TradingView.com, including:
1. Trend Indicators: These indicators help identify trends and potential trading opportunities. Examples include the Moving Average, Relative Strength Index (RSI), and Bollinger Bands.
2. Momentum Indicators: These indicators measure the rate of change of an asset's price over a given period. Examples include the RSI, Stochastic Oscillator, and Momentum Indicator.
3. Volatility Indicators: These indicators measure the degree of price movement or volatility. Examples include the Average True Range (ATR) and Bollinger Bands.
4. Pattern Recognition Indicators: These indicators help identify specific chart patterns, such as head and shoulders or triangles. Examples include the Ichimoku Cloud and the Keltner Channel.
5. Statistical Indicators: These indicators use statistical methods to analyze market data. Examples include the Exponential Moving Average (EMA) and the Simple Moving Average (SMA).

Popular Technical Indicators and Studies on TradingView.com

Some of the most popular technical indicators and studies available on TradingView.com include:
1. Moving Average: A simple moving average calculates the average price of an asset over a given period.
2. Relative Strength Index (RSI): The RSI measures the magnitude of recent price changes to determine overbought or oversold conditions.
3. Bollinger Bands: Bollinger Bands consist of a moving average and two standard deviations plotted above and below the average.
4. Stochastic Oscillator: The stochastic oscillator compares the closing price of an asset to its price range over a given period.
5. Ichimoku Cloud: The Ichimoku Cloud is a comprehensive technical analysis system that inclues multiple indicators, including the Tenkan-sen, Kijun-sen, and Senkou Span.
6. Keltner Channel: The Keltner Channel is a volatility-based indicator that plots two lines above and below a moving average.
7. Average True Range (ATR): The ATR measures the average true range of an asset over a given period.
8. Exponential Moving Average (EMA): The EMA is a type of moving average that gives more weight to recent price data.
9. Simple Moving Average (SMA): The SMA is a type of moving average that calculates the average price of an asset over a given period.
10. Stochastic Momentum Index (SMI): The SMI is a momentum indicator that measures the rate of change of an aset's price over a given period.

How to Use Technical Indicators and Studies

To get the most out of technical indicators and studies, it is essential to understand how to use them effectively. Here are some tips:
1. Combine Indicators: Combining multiple indicators can help confirm trading signals and reduce false positives.
2. Use Multiple Time Frames: Analyzing multiple time frames can help identify trends and patterns that may not be visible on a single time frame.
3. Adjust Parameters: Adjusting the parameters of an indicator can help tailor it to your specific trading strategy.
4. Use Indicators in Conjunction with Fundamental Analysis: Combining technical indicators with fundamental analysis can help provide a more comprehensive view of the market.
5. Backtest Indicators: Backtesting indicators can help evaluate their performance and identify potential biases.

Conclusion

Technical indicators and studies are powerful tools that can help traders analyze and predict market movements. By understanding the different types of indicators and studies available on TradingView.com, traders can develop a comprehensive trading strategy that incorporates multiple indicators and studies. Remember to combine indicators, use multiple time frames, adjust parameters, and backtest indicators to get the most out of technical indicators and studies.

Chapter 6: Creating and Customizing Charts

As a trader, having the right tools and information is crucial for making informed decisions. Charts are an essential component of any trading strategy, providing valuable insights into market trends and patterns. In this chapter, we will explore the process of creating and customizing charts on TradingView.com, a popular platform for traders and analysts.

Creating a Chart on TradingView.com

Creating a chart on TradingView.com is a straightforward process that can be completed in a few steps.
1. Log in to Your TradingView.com Account: Start by logging in to your TradingView.com account. If you don't have an account, you can create one by signing up on the TradingView.com website.
2. Select the Symbol: Once logged in, navigate to the "Symbols" tab and select the symbol you want to chart. You can search for symbols by typing in the symbol name or by using the "Search" function.
3. Create a New Chart: Click on the "Create a New Chart" button to create a new chart. You can also create a new chart by clicking on the "New Chart" button in the top-right corner of the TradingView.com window.
4. Select the Chart Type: Choose the type of chart you want to create. TradingView.com offers a variety of chart types, including line charts, candlestick charts, and more.
5. Customize the Chart Settings: Customize the chart settings to suit your needs. You can adjust the chart size, grid lines, and other settings to create a chart that meets your requirements.

Customizing Charts on TradingView.com

Customizing charts on TradingView.com is an essential step in creating a chart that meets your specific needs. Here are some tips for customizing your charts:
1. Add Indicators: Add indicators to your chart to gain insights into market trends and patterns. TradingView.com offers a wide range of indicators, including moving averages, RSI, and more.
2. Add Drawings: Add drawings to your chart to highlight specific patterns or trends. You can add lines, shapes, and other drawings to your chart to create a visual representation of your analysis.
3. Add Alerts: Set up alerts on your chart to notify you of specific market events or price movements. You can set up alerts based on price movements, volume, and other market indicators.
4. Customize the Chart Grid: Customize the chart grid to suit your needs. You can adjust the grid lines, grid spacing, and other settings to create a chart that meets your requirements.
5. Save and Share Your Chart: Save and share your chart with others. You can save your chart as a template or share it with other traders and analysts.

Advanced Chart Customization

In addition to the basic customization options, TradingView.com offers advanced customization options that allow you to create complex charts and indicators. Here are some tips for advanced chart customization:
1. Create Custom Indicators: Create custom indicators using the TradingView.com PineScript programming language. You can create custom indicators that meet your specific needs.
2. Use Custom Drawings: Use custom drawings to create complex patterns and shapes on your chart. You can create custom drawings using the TradingView.com drawing tools.
3. Customize the Chart Layout: Customize the chart layout to suit your needs. You can adjust the chart size, grid lines, and other settings to create a chart that meets your requirements.
4. Use Advanced Chart Settings: Use advanced chart settings to customize your chart further. You can adjust the chart settings to suit your specific needs.

Conclusion

Creating and customizing charts on TradingView.com is a powerful way to gain insights into market trends and patterns. By following the steps outlined in this chapter, you can create complex charts and indicators that meet your specific needs. Whether you're a seasoned trader or a beginner, TradingView.com offers a range of tools and features that can help you create charts that meet your specific needs.
Chapter 7:

Introduction to Trading Strategies

As a trader, having a solid understanding of various trading strategies is crucial for making informed decisions and maximizing profits. In this chapter, we will explore popular trading strategies, their underlying principles, and how to implement them on TradingView.com. By the end of this chapter, you will have a comprehensive understanding of various trading strategies and how to apply them using TradingView.com's powerful platform.

Introduction to Trading Strategies

Trading strategies are pre-defined rules or methods used to make trading decisions. These strategies are designed to help traders navigate the markets, identify profitable opportunities, and minimize losses. Trading strategies can be categorized into several types, including:
· Trend following strategies: These strategies aim to identify and ride the trend, whether it's an uptrend or a downtrend.
· Range trading strategies: These strategies focus on identifying and trading within a specific price range.
· Mean reversion strategies: These strategies rely on the idea that prices will revert to their historical means.
· Statistical arbitrage strategies: These strategies involve identifying mispricings in the market and exploiting them.

Popular Trading Strategies

2.1 Trend Following Strategies
Trend following strategies are designed to identify and ride the trend. These strategies involve identifying the direction of the market and trading in that direction. Some popular trend following strategies include:
· Moving Average Crossover (MAC): This strategy involves identifying the crossover of two moving averages to determine the direction of the trend.
· Relative Strength Index (RSI): This strategy involves identifying overbought or oversold conditions using the RSI indicator.
· Bollinger Bands: This strategy involves identifying breakouts above or below the bands to determine the direction of the trend.
2.2 Range Trading Strategies
Range trading strategies focus on identifying and trading within a specific price range. These strategies involve identifying support and resistance levels and trading within the range. Some popular range trading strategies include:
· Support and Resistance Trading: This strategy involves identifying key support and resistance levels and trading within the range.
· Channel Trading: This strategy involves identifying and trading within a specific price channel.
2.3 Mean Reversion Strategies
Mean reversion strategies rely on the idea that prices will revert to their historical means. These strategies involve identifying overbought or oversold conditions and trading in the opposite direction. Some popular mean reversion strategies include:
· Mean Reversion Trading: This strategy involves identifying overbought or oversold conditions and trading in the opposite direction.
· Statistical Arbitrage: This strategy involves identifying mispricings in the market and exploiting them.
2.4 Statistical Arbitrage Strategies
Statistical arbitrage strategies involve identifying mispricings in the market and exploiting them. These strategies involve analyzing historical data and identifying statistical anomalies. Some popular statistical arbitrage strategies include:
· Statistical Arbitrage: This strategy involves identifying mispricings in the market and exploiting them.
· Event-Driven Trading: This strategy involves identifying and trading on specific events, such as earnings announcements or mergers and acquisitions.

3.

Implementing Trading Strategies on TradingView.com

TradingView.com is a powerful platform that allows traders to implement and backtest various trading strategies. Here are some steps to follow when implementing trading strategies on TradingView.com:
1. Create a new chart: Open a new chart on TradingView.com and select the asset you want to trade.
2. Add indicators: Add the indicators you want to use for your trading strategy. For example, you may want to add a moving average crossover indicator.
3. Set parameters: Set the parameters for your indicators. For example, you may want to set the period for your moving average crossover indicator.
4. Backtest the strategy: Backtest your strategy by running a backtest on TradingView.com. This will allow you to evaluate the performance of your strategy.
5. Refine the strategy: Refine your strategy by adjusting the parameters and testing different scenarios.

Conclusion

In this chapter, we have explored popular trading strategies and how to implement them on TradingView.com. By understanding various trading strategies and how to apply them using TradingView.com, you can make informed trading decisions and maximize your profits. Remember to always backtest and refine your strategies to ensure optimal performance. In the next chapter, we will explore advanced trading strategies and how to use them to improve your trading performance.

Chapter 8:

Backtesting and Evaluating Trading Ideas

As a trader, it's essential to test and refine your trading ideas before implementing them in live markets. Backtesting and evaluating your trading ideas can help you identify potential flaws, optimize your strategy, and increase your chances of success. In this chapter, we'll explore the process of backtesting and evaluating trading ideas using TradingView.com, a popular platform for charting and backtesting trading strategies.

What is Backtesting?

Backtesting is the process of applying a trading strategy to historical market data to evaluate its performance. It allows you to test your trading idea on past data to see how it would have performed in real-time. By backtesting your strategy, you can:
1. Identify potential flaws in your strategy
2. Optimize your strategy for better performance
3. Refine your strategy to improve its accuracy
4. Evaluate the strategy's risk-reward ratio

Why Backtest?

Backtesting is crucial for several reasons:
1. Risk management: Backtesting helps you identify potential risks associated with your trading strategy.
2. Strategy optimization: Backtesting allows you to refine your strategy to improve its performance.
3. Performance evaluation: Backtesting enables you to evaluate the performance of your strategy and make data-driven decisions.
4. Confidence booster: Backtesting gives you confidence in your strategy, reducing the risk of emotional trading decisions.

How to Backtest on TradingView.com

TradingView.com offers a range of tools and features for backtesting trading ideas. Here's a step-by-step guide to get you started:
1. Create a new chart: Open TradingView.com and create a new chart for the asset you want to backtest.
2. Select the data range: Choose the time period for which you want to backtest your strategy. You can select a specific date range or use the default settings.
3. Add the strategy: Click on the "Indicators" tab and add the strategy you want to backtest. You can use built-in indicators or create your own custom indicators.
4. Set the parameters: Configure the strategy's parameters, such as the number of bars to look back, the number of trades to take, and the stop-loss levels.
5. Run the backtest: Click the "Run" button to start the backtest. TradingView.com will apply your strategy to the selected data range and provide performance metrics.
6. Analyze the results: Review the backtest results, including the strategy's profit/loss, drawdown, and other performance metrics.

Evaluating Trading Ideas

Evaluating your trading idea is a crucial step in the backtesting process. Here are some key metrics to consider:
1. Profit/Loss: Calculate the total profit or loss generated by your strategy.
2. Drawdown: Measure the maximum loss experienced by your strategy.
3. Sharpe Ratio: Calculate the Sharpe Ratio to evaluate the strategy's risk-adjusted performance.
4. Sortino Ratio: Use the Sortino Ratio to evaluate the strategy's risk-adjusted performance, focusing on the maximum drawdown.
5. Information Coefficient: Calculate the Information Coefficient to evaluate the strategy's ability to generate profits.

Best Practices for Backtesting

To get the most out of backtesting, follow these best practices:
1. Use a robust data set: Ensure your data is accurate and free from errors.
2. Test multiple scenarios: Test your strategy on different time frames, assets, and market conditions.
3. Monitor performance metrics: Keep track of your strategy's performance metrics and adjust as needed.
4. Refine your strategy: Continuously refine your strategy to improve its performance.
5. Avoid overfitting: Be cautious of overfitting, where your strategy performs well on the training data but poorly on new data.

Conclusion

Backtesting and evaluating trading ideas is a crucial step in the trading process. By using TradingView.com and following best practices, you can refine your trading strategy, optimize its performance, and increase your chances of success. Remember to evaluate your strategy's performance using relevant metrics and refine it continuously to improve its performance. With practice and patience, you'll develop a robust trading strategy that can withstand the challenges of the markets.

tldr; while my partner was visiting her sister last weekend, my sister in-law and her husband told her to break up with me. Now I don't trust them. We have a meeting today to discuss how to move forward. Help!
Background:
My (32M) partner (30F) and I met in 2011 at university. We kissed for the first time, and started a relationship in 2012. It was beautiful, so so beautiful. We were two inseparable love birds. The amazing memories from those years will last me a lifetime. In 2015 we started facing challenges in our communication. We failed to resolve them and ultimately broke up/reconciled twice between 2015 and 2018.
During the breakup we tried to live our lives, forget each other, meet other people. She even moved to another country and had a great time there. We had minimal communication while broken up: sharing only major milestones like graduation, or the random message when she got a tattoo etc. Eventually she moved back to the same country. We started talking again and agreed that we would fight to make our relationship work. We worked out our issues. Since 2018, we've been learning and growing together. We've had arguments, especially when adjusting to living together. Things are still not PERFECT but I was convinced they are good, until last weekend.....
The issue:
My GF visited her sister (35F), the husband and their 2 daughters. When she came back, she wasn't in a good mood. She started picking a fight with me about dishes, laundry and other small things. I was shocked. We didn't see each other for a weekend, and this is the hello I got. I had actually done 3 loads of laundry that weekend. I cleaned her lunch boxes and pots from the previous week that had started developing mould. The fight was very unreasonable. Ultimately she told me that she was doubting/confused about our relationship. I'm thinking: WTF!!
It's not the first time we fight after she talks to her sister. So I dug and she eventually told me that in laws wanted her to reflect on breaking up with me. It went far. They offered her a place to stay if she would need a few months to process the breakup. I became more confused the more details I learned. At family events they are always friendly. When I got the impression that they don't like me, my partner assured me that they all thought I'm a great guy. Well, it's now clear that although I'm a great guy, just not the right guy for their "little sister." I've known this woman much longer than the sister has known her husband. The arguments they made are along the lines of: I'm holding her back from her dreams, I have no direction in life, cultural differences. A suggestion was made (not sure if by my GF or them) that I may be manipulating her. As a result, I find it hard to discuss with her now because, will she just say I'm manipulating her when I share my views? According to my gf, they reiterated that I'm a nice person, just not the person for her. Part of it could be financial. I'm not close to f.e. having enough savings to purchase a house (which I know is her dream, it's mine too, I'm just not there yet).
Anyway, we're meeting later today, all four of us. I don't trust them anymore. I don't feel comfortable with my partner visiting them. I don't want to visit them either. I don't think I even want to talk to them at family events anymore. I feel angry, disgusted, humiliated, and stabbed in the back. I have so many questions. Who else did they talk to? Other siblings, the parents? How long have they been thinking this? Is my girlfriend telling me the full truth or is she protecting her family by withholding certain information? (she's done this in the past) It's a mess.
Some other context:

• My partner has been feeling low energy for a while and recently shared with her sister that she sometimes has suicidal thoughts.
• My partner and all her family are white, EU. I am black, non-EU.
• Their native language is my FIFTH language. I speak relatively well, although I am uncomfortable in a family context with fast-paced group conversations. I am usually quiet during family gatherings unless I have a 1-1 conversation.
• I am currently not working, I'm receiving unemployment benefits which isn't much money but enough to cover my basic expenses. GF is doing quite well financially.
• I'm not actively looking for a job but rather completing a 7 month, full-time data science bootcamp, accredited by government, working on real use cases with real companies, career coaching etc so I'm confident in securing a job in the coming months when the training is complete.
• GFs sister recently had kids and has shared her desire for GF to start having kids too so their kids can grow up together (I want to wait with kids until I secure a job after my training and have a better financial circumstances)
• When we got back together after 2018, we decided to move in together and I applied for a family reunion through my gf (better possibilities for me in terms of access to the job market). I live in EU for 18 years but have no nationality.

The situation now:

• My partner says that she's 99% sure about us (i can live with the 1% doubt lol)
• Partner is willing to go low contact with sister but I feel bad because she loves her nieces and actually 3 weeks ago, her and her sister had a heart to heart where they both cried and reaffirmed their sibling love for each other
• we are having a call to discuss how to move forward with our relationship, all four of us.

Honestly, I don't know how to approach the conversation. How would you do it? What would you ask? What would you want to have as outcome? Is this talk even healthy/necessary?
The truth is, if I could, I would never talk to them again, I miss nothing in my life by avoiding them. But how do I ensure that i don't push my GF from her family and create more resentment either towards me or the sister?
If you read this far, I appreciate it, and happy to hear your thoughts!

I’m somewhat new to comics, and I’m just looking for some clarification on some of this stuff as im finding it easy to get lost. I understand I might have missed a lot of obvious stuff, I might not have looked in the right spot? I have a few (a lot) questions that may or may not be related so any insight is appreciated, thanks :))
Why are there so many different writers for Batman?? I understand the dc hiring n firing n whatever n ppl moving on to other stuff etc, but where do they all fit in? And are any of them needed for prior reading for others or can I really just read whatever the heck I want? Do I need to read all of Tom king to read chip zdarsky run? What abt James tynion? I enjoyed battle for the cowl (even tho I’ve seen ppl say it sucks?) so do I need to read all of final crisis to understand what’s going on there? Than after I read all that do I need to read everything tony s Daniel has put out? (Ik ofc not EVERYTHING, however what extent do I need to dive into his/others work to get a proper grasp on certain things. I saw he worked on detective comics 900-something, does that have any bearing on anything? Or is that its own thing?) From my understanding, the grant Morrison run mainly takes place after final crisis, as well as battle for the cowl, and has a lot of dickbats (I think that’s what ppl call him?? (Dick GraysonBatman)) which I’m interested in, but his run starts at like 600-something issues? Do I need to read 600+ issues of other stuff before that to understand the grant Morrison stuff? What are all the crisis’?? Crisis on infinite earths was like the 80s, but there’s infinite crisis omnibus in 2020? Does it take that long to make an omnibus? Is that related to final crisis at all? How does any of that relate to Scott Snyder run? How does Scott Snyder run relate to Scott Snyder dark knight metal? How does dark knight metal relate to dark knight DEATH metal? Flashpoint happened in 2011, Ik that flash went to a parallel earth with Thomas Wayne Batman, smt happened, rest the timeline, whatever, how tf is Thomas Wayne Batman in Tom king Batman run in like 2019?? I’m also extremely interested in the morbius chair wally west vs darkest knight, according to google I think it’s in dark nights death metal speed metal? I don’t see that listed in the dark night metal or dark night death metal omnibus’ at all, maybe I’m mistaken? Do those not have anything to do w that? It said somewhere here that frank miller dkr and jeph loeb long Halloween are good to read back to back? Is this in any way confirmed? Surely not every single one of these stories is the same Batman right? Do any of these questions make sense or am I missing something???
Now, all that being said, I understand that “u don’t have to read it chronologically” or whatever, I’m just trying to get a better understanding of the whole timeline(s?) I’m not freaking out over what goes where or anything I’m just a little confused on exactly how anything is connected, if at all, as well as just how convoluted it all is, and as I said, any insight is appreciated. I understand some of these may be stupid questions to yall, thank u for your patience 🫶

The profusion of identical green tents at this spring’s anti-Israel protests struck many as odd. “Why is everybody’s tent the same?,” asked New York mayor Eric Adams. Like others, the mayor suspected “a well-concerted organizing effort” driving the protests. More recent reporting shows a concerted push behind the Gaza protest movement. But it is not as simple as a single organization secretly rallying protesters or buying tents. Instead, the movement’s most determined activists represent a network of loosely linked far-left groups. Some are openly affiliated with well-known progressive nonprofits; others work in the shadows.
The movement also draws on diverse but generous sources of financial backing. Those funding streams may soon be augmented by the federal government. As I chronicled last year in a Manhattan Institute report, “The Big Squeeze: How Biden’s Environmental Justice Agenda Hurts the Economy and the Environment,” the administration’s massive program of environmental justice grants seems designed to prioritize the funding of highly ideological local groups. The Inflation Reduction Act, for example, earmarks $3 billion for “environmental and climate justice block grants” intended for local nonprofits. Today, hundreds of far-left political groups include language about environmental issues and “climate justice” in their mission statements. If just a fraction of planned grants flows to such groups, the effect will be a gusher of new funding for radical causes.
As the Gaza protests spread across U.S. college campuses, many observers noted an eerie uniformity among them. From one campus to the next, protesters operated in disciplined cadres, keeping their faces covered and using identical rote phrases as they refused to talk with reporters. The Atlantic noted the strangeness of seeing elite college students “chanting like automatons.” Students held up keffiyeh scarves or umbrellas to block the view of prying cameras and linked arms to halt the movements of outsiders. At Columbia University and elsewhere, protesters formed “liberated zones,” from which “Zionists” were excluded. Around the edges of the encampments, the more militaristic activists donned helmets and goggles and carried crude weapons, apparently eager to mix it up with police or counter-protesters. We’ve seen these tactics before—notably during the “mostly peaceful” Black Lives Matter protests of 2020, when full-time agitators helped ignite riots, set up a police-free (and violence-plagued) zone in Seattle, and laid nightly siege to Portland, Oregon’s federal courthouse.
In a remarkable work of reporting, Park MacDougald recently traced the tangled roots of organizations backing pro-jihad protests, both on and off campuses. These include Antifa and other networks of anonymous anarchists, along with “various communist and Marxist-Leninist groups, including the Maoist Revolutionary Communist Party, the Party for Socialism and Liberation (PSL), and the International ANSWER coalition,” MacDougald writes. Higher up the food chain, we find groups openly supported by America’s growing class of super-rich tech execs or the anti-capitalist heirs of great fortunes. For example, retired tech mogul Neville Roy Singham, who is married to Code Pink founder Jodie Evans, funds The People’s Forum, a lavish Manhattan resource center for far-left groups. As the Columbia protests intensified, the center urged members to head uptown to “support our students.” Following the money trail of other protest groups, MacDougald finds connections to the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, the Ford Foundation, and—surprising no one—the George Soros-backed Tides Foundation.
Of course, the current wave of anti-Israel protests also involves alliances with pro-Hamas organizations such as Students for Justice in Palestine. Last November, Jonathan Schanzer of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies testified to the House Ways and Means Committee that SJP and similar groups have deep ties to global terrorist organizations, including Hamas.
For many keffiyeh-wearing protestors, however, a recently professed concern for Palestinians is just the latest in a long list of causes they believe justify taking over streets and college quads. In Unherd, Mary Harrington dubs this medley of political beliefs the “omnicause,” writing that “all contemporary radical causes seem somehow to have been absorbed into one.” Today’s leftist activists share an interlocking worldview that sees racism, income inequality, trans intolerance, climate change, alleged police violence, and Israeli-Palestinian conflicts all as products of capitalism and “colonialism.” Therefore, the stated rationale for any individual protest is a stand-in for the real battle: attacking Western society and its institutions.
In the U.S., this type of general-purpose uprising goes back at least to the riots at the 1999 meeting of the World Trade Organization in Seattle. In those protests, mainstream liberal factions—including labor unions and environmentalists—were joined by “black bloc” anarchists and other radicals eager to engage in “direct action” against police. That pattern—relatively moderate demonstrators providing a friendly envelope for hard-core disruptors—formed the template for many later protests: the Occupy Wall Street encampments in 2011, demonstrations following the police shooting of Michael Brown in 2014, 2016’s Standing Rock anti-pipeline movement, and of course, the calamitous summer of 2020.
These uprisings were not entirely spontaneous. In some cases, activists spend months planning mass actions—for example, against economic summits or political conventions—and can recruit street fighters from across the country. In others, an event, such as George Floyd’s death, sparks popular protests involving neophyte demonstrators. Those attract far-left activists, who swoop in to organize and expand the struggle, often tilting it toward more radical action.
That has certainly been the case at the college Gaza-paloozas. At Columbia, the New York Times spotted a woman old enough to be a student’s grandmother in the thick of the action as protesters barricaded that school’s Hamilton Hall. The woman was 63-year-old Lisa Fithian, a lifetime activist, who Portland’s alternative weekly Street Roots approvingly calls “a trainer of mass rebellion.” A counter-protester trying to block the pro-Hamas demonstrators told NBC News, “She was right in the middle of it, instructing them how to better set up the barriers.” Fithian told the Times she’d been invited to train students in protest safety and “general logistics.” She claims to have taken part in almost every major U.S. protest movement going back to the 1999 “Battle in Seattle.”
America’s radical network has plenty of Lisa Fithians, with the time and resources to travel the country educating newcomers about the “logistics” of disruptive protests. And these activists appear to have played key roles in the college occupations. The New York City Police Department says nearly half the demonstrators arrested on the Columbia and City University of New York (CUNY) campuses on April 30 were not affiliated with the schools. One hooded Hamilton Hall occupier—photographed scuffling with a Columbia custodian before getting arrested—turned out to be 40-year-old James Carlson, heir to a large advertising fortune. According to the New York Post, Carlson lives in a $2.3 million Park Slope townhouse and has a long rap sheet. For example, in 2005, he was arrested in San Francisco during the violent “West Coast Anti-Capitalist Mobilization and March Against the G8.” (Those charges were dropped.)
For a quarter-century now, Antifa and other anarchist networks have worked to refine tactics and share lessons following each major action. At Columbia, UCLA, and other schools, authorities found printouts of a “Do-It Yourself Occupation Guide” and similar documents. The young campus radicals are eager to learn from their more experienced elders. And, like the high-achieving students they are, they follow directions carefully. MacDougald asked Kyle Shideler, the director for homeland security and counterterrorism at the Center for Security Policy, about the mystery of the identical tents. There was no need for a central group to distribute hundreds of tents, Shideler said. Instead, “the organizers told [students] to buy a tent, and sent around a Google Doc with a link to that specific tent on Amazon. So they all went out and bought the same tent.”
In other words, America’s radical class has gotten very skilled at recruiting and instructing new activists—even from among the ranks of elite college students with a good deal to lose. How much more could this movement accomplish with hundreds of millions in federal dollars flooding activist groups around the country?
From its first week in office, the Biden administration has trumpeted its goal to funnel more environmental spending toward “disadvantaged communities that have been historically marginalized,” partly by issuing grants to grassroots organizations. Previous environmental justice (EJ) grant programs were small in scope. But, with the passage of the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) in August 2022, a huge pool of grant money became available. EPA administrator Michael Regan told reporters, “We’re going from tens of thousands of dollars to developing and designing a program that will distribute billions.”
More than a year and a half later, it remains hard to nail down just where the Biden administration’s billions in EJ grants will wind up. Money is being distributed through a confusing variety of programs, and the process of identifying recipients is ongoing. To help outsource the job of sifting through proposals, the EPA last year designated 11 institutions as “Environmental Justice Thriving Communities Grantmakers.” These groups are empowered to make subgrants directly to community organizations, under streamlined EPA oversight. In all, the Biden administration has entrusted these outfits with distributing a staggering $600 million in funding. The money is expected to start flowing this summer.
The EPA’s grantmakers include a number of educational institutions and left-leaning nonprofits. For example, the EPA chose Fordham University as its lead grantmaker in the New York region. Fordham, in turn, lists as partners two nonprofits that oppose immigration enforcement. (One, the New Jersey Alliance for Immigrant Justice, states on its website: “NJAIJ believes in the human right to migrate, regardless of citizenship or political status.”) Neither group claims expertise in environmental issues. Given that the IRA’s eligibility requirements for EJ grants are extremely vague, however, perhaps that’s not a problem. Almost any activity that could help “spur economic opportunity for disadvantaged communities” (in the words of Biden’s EJ executive order) might qualify.
Perhaps the most prominent—and problematic—EPA grantmaker is the Berkeley, California-based Climate Justice Alliance. The CJA is a consortium of mostly far-left activist groups. It describes its mission as working for “regenerative economic solutions and ecological justice—under a framework that challenges capitalism and both white supremacy and hetero-patriarchy.” The group is a vigorous proponent of the omnicause, embracing almost every left-wing concern as a manifestation of climate change. For example, the CJA website proclaims: “The path to climate justice travels through a free Palestine.” MacDougald notes that the Grassroots Global Justice Alliance, one of CJA’s affiliated groups, “organized an illegal anti-Israel protest in the Capitol Rotunda in December at which more than 50 activists were arrested.”
The CJA website also includes a section dedicated to the cause known as Stop Cop City. It refers to an effort to halt the construction of an 85-acre police and firefighter training center outside Atlanta. Rag-tag activists from around the country have gathered around the facility since 2021. They have repeatedly battled with police—sometimes with fireworks and Molotov cocktails—and used bolt cutters to enter the site and torch construction equipment. (CJA’s Stop Cop City page features a cartoon illustration of three childlike activists; one brandishes bolt cutters.) The group also backs a legal defense fund for activists arrested in attacks on the training center or in other protests. For those looking for more inspiration, CJA links to an interview with former Black Panther and self-described revolutionary Angela Davis.
The Alliance is not an ideological outlier in Biden’s EJ coalition. On the contrary, when the White House assembled its White House Environmental Justice Advisory Council (WHEJAC), a panel of outside experts meant to provide “horizon-expanding EJ advice and recommendations,” it chose CJA co-chair Elizabeth Yeampierre to help lead the committee. Like other members of the panel, she sees environmental issues through an ideological, not a scientific, lens. “Climate change is the result of a legacy of extraction, of colonialism, of slavery,” Yeampierre told Yale Environment 360. As a group, radical EJ activists tend not to focus on pragmatic ways to reduce pollution and carbon emissions; for them, the real goal is overturning what they see as an exploitative economic and political system. Since these are the voices the White House chose to help shape its EJ policies, we can assume this worldview will dominate grantmaking decisions.
In February 2023, House Oversight Committee chairman James Comer, along with fellow committee member Pat Fallon, wrote to EPA administrator Regan asking for more information on the EPA’s grant programs. They noted that the EPA’s own studies of EJ grants issued in previous years showed sloppy supervision. According to an EPA report, an earlier version of the program funded projects that did “not logically lead to the desired environmental and/or public health [result].” Without better oversight and more clearly defined goals, the congressmen wrote, the EPA’s EJ grant machine risks becoming simply a “slush fund for far-left organizations.”
Since then, the administration has done little to reassure skeptics. To the contrary, the EPA has put at least one far-left organization—CJA—in charge of distributing $50 million in grant money. No doubt, many of the EPA grants will go to worthwhile projects. But money is fungible. A group that gets a large grant to, say, clean up dirty parks or teach children about recycling will also be able to hire more staff and divert more resources to political action.
With graduation behind them, most of the anti-Israel college protesters have stowed away their keffiyehs and moved on to summer vacations or internships. But the peripatetic activists who helped guide and intensify those uprisings are doubtless already planning their next actions. After all, two political conventions are looming. This fall, the college protests will likely flare up again, though by then perhaps focused on a different facet of the omnicause. And, with hundreds of millions in fresh funding flowing through the activist ecosystem, the groups that quietly nurture extremists—like those who firebombed “Cop City,” or who chant “Intifada Revolution!,” or who block bridges in the name of “climate”—will be more emboldened than ever.
A Slush Fund for Radical Protesters? City Journal (city-journal.org)
​

How are points accrued for models that exceed 400 downloads in the first month? For example, I have a model that I posted in May that now has over 700 downloads. When in June will I see the points earned for the downloads after the first 400 downloads? And will it be another collective 360 points or just an additional 100 points for being just 300+ downloads more than 400?
I don’t meant to sound greedy or like I’m flexing - I’m just eager and excited! I ❤️ Printables.com !!!

Follow the link for last month's recap: April 2024 - Psychological Thrillers & Body Horror!
May was Body Horror & Home Invasion Month!
In a first for the marathon, I watched a newly released show that coincided with this month's theme, Parasyte: The Grey... Regarding how it's data will be inputted, I will be logging each episode oj the day they were watched, but the entire show will be marked as 'one film' for the tally, with all of its runtime going into the total as per usual.
With that out of the way, here's this month's line-up!
May 01 - When a Stranger Calls (1979) 97min
May 02 - The Fly (1986) 96min
May 03 - High Tension (2003) 90min
May 04 - Crimes of the Future (2022) 107min
May 05 - Eden Lake (2008) 91min
May 06 - The Human Centipede (2009) 92min

• Tusk (2014) 102min

May 07 - Funny Games (2007) 111min
May 08 - Hellraiser (1987) 94min
May 09 - Final Destination (2000) 98min

• Possessor (2020) 104min

May 10 - Saw (2004) 103min

• The Collector (2009) 88min

May 11 - Eraserhead (1977) 89min

• Rubber Johnny (2005) 6min
  
• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 1 (2024) 60min
  

May 12 - Mother's Day (1980) 90min

• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 2 (2024) 42min

May 13 - Splinter (2008) 82min

• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 3 (2024) 43min
  
• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 4 (2024) 52min
  

May 14 - Teeth (2007) 94min

• Silent House (2011) 85min
  
• The Strangers (2008) 86min
  
• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 5 (2024) 48min
  

May 15 - The Purge (2013) 86min

• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 6 (2024) 52min

May 16 - Tetsuo: The Iron Man (1989) 67min
May 17 - Don't Breathe (2016) 89min

• You're Next (2011) 94min

May 18 - Videodrome (1983) 88min

• In My Skin (2002) 93min

May 19 - The Strangers: Chapter 1 (2024) 91min
May 20 - The Blob (1988) 95min
May 21 - Hush (2016) 82min
May 22 - American Mary (2012) 102min

• The Stuff (1985) 87min

May 23 - Knock Knock (2015) 99min

• The Incredible Melting Man (1977) 84min
  
• Body Melt (1993) 81min
  

May 24 - A Serbian Film (2010) 103min

• Emelie (2015) 82min

May 25 - Sleep Tight (2011) 97min
May 26 - Thanatomorphose (2012) 100min
May 27 - Contracted (2013) 84min

• Raw (2016) 99min

May 28 - The Brood (1979) 92min

• Kidnapped (2010) 85min

May 29 - Inside (2016) 85min
May 30 - Bug (2006) 98min
May 31 - Street Trash (1987) 100min

• Hostel (2004) 94min

Current Entries: 48
Current Runtime: 4,459min (74hr 19min ≈ 3 ^1/10 Days)
Total Entries: 239
Total Runtime: 23,088min (384hr 48min ≈ 16⅓ Days)
Now it's time for June, Found Footage Month!

April 2024 - Psychological Thrillers & Body Horror Month
May was Body Horror & Home Invasion Month!
In a first for the marathon, I watched a newly released show that coincided with this month's theme, Parasyte: The Grey... Regarding how it's data will be inputted, I will be logging each episode oj the day they were watched, but the entire show will be marked as 'one film' for the tally, with all of its runtime going into the total as per usual.
With that out of the way, here's this month's line-up!
May 01 - When a Stranger Calls (1979) 97min
May 02 - The Fly (1986) 96min
May 03 - High Tension (2003) 90min
May 04 - Crimes of the Future (2022) 107min
May 05 - Eden Lake (2008) 91min
May 06 - The Human Centipede (2009) 92min

• Tusk (2014) 102min

May 07 - Funny Games (2007) 111min
May 08 - Hellraiser (1987) 94min
May 09 - Final Destination (2000) 98min

• Possessor (2020) 104min

May 10 - Saw (2004) 103min

• The Collector (2009) 88min

May 11 - Eraserhead (1977) 89min

• Rubber Johnny (2005) 6min
  
• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 1 (2024) 60min
  

May 12 - Mother's Day (1980) 90min

• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 2 (2024) 42min

May 13 - Splinter (2008) 82min

• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 3 (2024) 43min
  
• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 4 (2024) 52min
  

May 14 - Teeth (2007) 94min

• Silent House (2011) 85min
  
• The Strangers (2008) 86min
  
• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 5 (2024) 48min
  

May 15 - The Purge (2013) 86min

• Parasyte: The Grey - Episode 6 (2024) 52min

May 16 - Tetsuo: The Iron Man (1989) 67min
May 17 - Don't Breathe (2016) 89min

• You're Next (2011) 94min

May 18 - Videodrome (1983) 88min

• In My Skin (2002) 93min

May 19 - The Strangers: Chapter 1 (2024) 91min
May 20 - The Blob (1988) 95min
May 21 - Hush (2016) 82min
May 22 - American Mary (2012) 102min

• The Stuff (1985) 87min

May 23 - Knock Knock (2015) 99min

• The Incredible Melting Man (1977) 84min
  
• Body Melt (1993) 81min
  

May 24 - A Serbian Film (2010) 103min

• Emelie (2015) 82min

May 25 - Sleep Tight (2011) 97min
May 26 - Thanatomorphose (2012) 100min
May 27 - Contracted (2013) 84min

• Raw (2016) 99min

May 28 - The Brood (1979) 92min

• Kidnapped (2010) 85min

May 29 - Inside (2016) 85min
May 30 - Bug (2006) 98min
May 31 - Street Trash (1987) 100min

• Hostel (2004) 94min

Current Entries: 48
Current Runtime: 4,459min (74hr 19min ≈ 3 ^1/10 Days)
Total Entries: 239
Total Runtime: 23,088min (384hr 48min ≈ 16⅓ Days)
Now it's time for June, Found Footage Month!

I'll be doing an AMA for a few days. However, I am busy, so I may not be able to answer or test out all requests. But I'll try to answer as much as I can.
I have the device with me for only a few days. I will be publishing a full review within a week as well. This will be a written review. A video review might happen if there is time.
The configuration that I have right now - Ryzen 7 8845HS 8 Core, RTX 4060 8GB 115W TGP, 16GBx1 DDR5 5600MHz, 512GB Gen 4 SSD, 144Hz FHD 100% sRGB 15.6in 300 nits display.
Bought at Rs 98,498 (including 3 Year warranty upgrade) using student coupon and UNBOX35. Ordered on 15th May 2024 and got it on 1st June 2024.
Ordering affiliate link - Lenovo LOQ Gen 9 15AHP9 (2024) 83DXCTO1WWIN1 - Customized
Deal Post Link - DEAL: LOQ 2024 Ryzen 7 8845HS, RTX 4060 8GB, 100% sRGB under Rs 83,000 effectively!

The more conspiracist someone in New Zealand is, the more likely they are to bring up Zimbabwe. I know that because I have a cooker in my family, and by god, you’d think the place was his home country for the amount he talks about it. But it’s become a real conspiracy for the right, and an angle from verified bad actor accounts that was modded out of this sub at our beginning.
And the reason why there’s a direct correlation between conspiracists and Zimbabwe stans is that you can’t help but notice their fears of history repeating fall apart somewhat when you actually look into it. For a start, you can blame one person for the deaths and economic devastation caused by Mugabe, and that Tony Blair, because he kicked the whole thing off when he walked back Thatcher’s promise of 50% of the compensation for white landowners. Thatcher did like one decent thing and Blair came in and messed it up. Not without context. But through its entire history, it is the UK’s choices and the choices of her colonial government there that spur change and negative outcomes in Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe was first thought to be mineral rich at its early 1890 settlement, and a lot of money was put into getting prospectors to Southern Rhodesia. When this return didn’t eventuate, land was given to the settlers instead in hope their farming could become productive enough to cover the settlements continuing administrative costs. By 1986 they had distributed 16 million hectares, a sixth of Southern Rhodesia, and by 1917, this was up to 21.5 million hectares. However, this expanse of farming would cause friction of land rights and grazing rights with the two resident groups already living there. Cattle in the region expanded from about 60 000, owned mostly by the preexisting Ndebele and Shona peoples, to up to 2 million split evenly between both groups, leading to overgrazing and land competition.
The solution in the 1930s by the colonial government was a segregated land distribution method split into five parts, with the best 3/5 being reserved for white owners and the much more unusable remainder of the land being split amongst black land owners — despite them being greater in number than white people. White people had so much productive land they literally couldn’t farm it all, while the remaining Tribal Trust land was still being overfarmed, forcing black Rhodesians to seek work in cities and the colonial government to introduce forced destocking measures (sell or slaughter excess animals), as well as putting aside 7.2 million more acres for native farmers to purchase.
The 50s saw attempts at redistribution that ultimately failed and authority for this would then be vested the traditional tribal leaders.
The beginning of the 60s were an attempt to introduce a semblance of actual land parity, splitting the land 50/50 with whites and blacks — unfortunately this didn’t work very well because black people greatly outnumbered white people, and the fertile land was still just given to whites. Abuses of the system also saw white people legally shift their boundaries to claim black land resulting in evictions that would create Nationalist sympathies leading to the following war.
60s-70s was the Rhodesian Bush War between three groups, one of them being the colonial government, and resulting in Mugabe taking power. He was left juggling the land issue along with the cohesion of his new coalition. Farmer workers had fled to cities during the fighting and been organised into guarded settlements following state suppression of armed conflicts. More land was made available to purchase by people of any race, and then race-based ownership was abolished completely in 1979. Despite this, white farmers owned 73% of fertile land and contributed 80% of agricultural output.
Under a doctrine of willing buyer, willing seller for at least ten years, the US and the UK agreed to finance part of the redistribution costs, and Southern Rhodesia was recognised as finally-independent Zimbabwe. However, land inequality and erosion of black land due to forced overfarming continued, but white-owned commercial farms were reduced by about 20% by 1987, and progress was continued into the 90s. However corruption issues began to emerge with land and leases going to Mugabe’s family and political associates as well as other powerful people. Donor and investor states became concerned with who was benefitting, heightened when Mugabe took powers to supersede the courts. He held that land was a political matter only, not judicial.
British opinion in funding this programme would deteriorate, until the Short and the then-Labour government would deny their obligation to support the redistribution programme.

I should make it clear that we do not accept that Britain has a special responsibility to meet the costs of land purchase in Zimbabwe. We are a new government from diverse backgrounds without links to former colonial interests. My own origins are Irish and, as you know, we were colonised, not colonisers.

In June 1998, the Zimbabwe government published its "policy framework" on the Land Reform and Resettlement Programme Phase II (LRRP II), which envisaged the compulsory purchase over five years of 50,000 square kilometres from the 112,000 square kilometres owned by white commercial farmers, public corporations, churches, non-governmental organisations and multinational companies. Broken down, the 50,000 square kilometres meant that every year between 1998 and 2003, the government intended to purchase 10,000 square kilometres for redistribution.
In September 1998, the government called a donors conference in Harare on LRRP II to inform the donor community and involve them in the program: Forty-eight countries and international organisations attended and unanimously endorsed the land program, saying it was essential for poverty reduction, political stability and economic growth. They agreed that the inception phase, covering the first 24 months, should start immediately, particularly appreciating the political imperative and urgency of the proposal.
The Commercial Farmers Union freely offered to sell the government 15,000 square kilometres for redistribution, but landowners once again dragged their feet. In response to moves by the National Constitutional Assembly, a group of academics, trade unionists and other political activists, the government drafted a new constitution. The draft was discussed widely by the public in formal meetings and amended to include restrictions on presidential powers, limits to the presidential term of office, and an age limit of 70 for presidential candidates. This was not seen as a suitable outcome for the government, so the proposals were amended to replace those clauses with one to compulsorily acquire land for redistribution without compensation. The opposition mostly boycotted the drafting stage of the constitution claiming that this new version was to entrench Mugabe politically.
Guerrilla veterans of the Zimbabwe African National Liberation Army (ZANLA) and Zimbabwe People's Revolutionary Army (ZIPRA) began to emerge as a radical force in the land issue around this time. The guerrillas forcefully presented their position that white-owned land in Zimbabwe was rightfully theirs, on account of promises made to them during the Rhodesian Bush War. Calls for accelerated land reform were also echoed by an affluent urban class of black Zimbabweans who were interested in making inroads into commercial farming, with public assistance.
The government held a referendum on the new constitution on 12–13 February 2000, despite having a sufficiently large majority in parliament to pass any amendment it wished. Had it been approved, the new constitution would have empowered the government to acquire land compulsorily without compensation. Despite vast support in the media, the new constitution was defeated, 55% to 45%.
In response, a pro-Mugabe group marched on white owned farms, forcing them and their usually-black workers off their farms without compensation. In the subsequent years of land confiscation, several farm owners and more workers would be killed.
Some of this land ended up under the control of Mugabe and other politicians, however by 2011, 238,000 households had been apportioned from 10 million hectares of land, an improvement of 3.5 million over the 20 years up until 1998. In 2019, white Zimbabwean farmers accepted $17 million USD in compensation, and in 2020 the Zimbabwe government would commit to paying back a further 3.5 billion.
How does this relate to New Zealand?
Well let’s start with the obvious: land distribution issues do not go away because you want them to, nor will democracy protect you from it if you shit on the people you took the land from. Zimbabwe happened because landowners dragged their feet in every decade for a century, and a radicalised political faction springing from this injustice decided legal methods were not the way to go. By the time people were willing to come to the table to resolve it, they were a good fifty behind when they should have and it was too late.
Secondly, picking and choosing what you give back doesn’t work if you’re still just fucking over the tribes you’re giving stuff to to advantage yourself. If you say, give someone a couple of million dollars of value in exchange for the entire canterbury and otago regions, they may decide in 30 years time that wasn’t a very fair deal. And they’re probably right.
Thirdly, black people are not doing well right now in Zimbabwe and neither are white people. But the black people already weren’t doing well. You may look at Zimbabwe and say, well they’ve screwed over their own economy there. But they didn’t. They screwed over the white economy that too many of them already weren’t benefitting from. You see the stability a strong economy gives you and think that other people are benefitting too; Zimbabwe did get a lot out of their land in the 1900s due to colonial investment. But it didn’t benefit all people, and the failure to lift everyone in the rising tide sunk ALL the ships.
The Treaty idea of Partnership is the compromise. Giving back tiny bits of land and small change is the baby steps. Start taking us backwards and you’ll make Maori realise just how shortchanged they’ve been, and the natural result of that is not that they go away, it’s that they start demanding more.
But the level of disenfranchisement, of disrespect, of disempowerment does have to reach a much more egregious level than the situation we have here to result in widespread violence. Six months of Shane Jones does not a civil war make. It is a long, long process to get to a point where a country is that divided, and a lot of legitimate legal, political, and negotiating instruments have to fail. There is also a certain level of disinvestment people have to feel in the overall system to throw what they have away — there’s a reason socialist revolutions don’t come from peaceful, placated societies, even the ones educated enough to know there is something wrong. So therefore, progress must be made gradually through peace and cooperation, because unilateral force always has lasting negative consequences. Attempts to forge ahead with reform despite unhappiness of particular groups, even when legally decided will work out worse for everyone.
There are going to be a million opportunities to turn this ship around. This relationship is nowhere near beyond repair, even between this government and iwi. If Luxon had a spine, he would sit down with them and promise to reverse course, and probably send us all back to the polls as a result. He won’t. But I’m pretty confident he won’t win the next election either, whenever it is, and this country isn’t nearly so divided enough to split down the middle along race grounds, no matter what Seymour wants. But to unify, to meet in the middle, you have to stop considering what you think is fair and start hearing what the other group wants and why.
Otherwise we’re just letting corrupt politicians make land grabs while they cut us in half.